Inductively-coupled Atomic Emission Spectrometry Research Articles

Safety Assessment of Arsenic in Cosmetic Face-creams by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer

This paper presented the arsenic determination in four different brands of cosmetic face-creams to provide valuable information on the safety levels for consumers. The cosmetic samples were decomposed by acidic digestion method and then taken for arsenic quantification using inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The digestion efficiency of acid mixtures including concentrated HNO3, HNO3–HClO4, HNO3–H2O2 and aqua regia was discussed in terms of digestion loss and time consumption. The ICP-AES analyzing results, with determination recoveries of 95.4% ~ 105.2% and relative standard deviations less than 3.0% (n = 5), revealed arsenic contents in the face-creams are in the ranges of 0.68 ~ 3.28 mg·kg−1. Obviously, the arsenic contents in some of the studied brands exceed the maximum recommended value of 2.0 mg·kg−1 set by China. These results lead to the conclusion that constant control of arsenic content in cosmetics should be seriously considered. The successful arsenic determination in cosmetic face-creams by digestion pattern of concentrated HNO3, with simplicity, higher efficiency, less reagent consumption and less analytical time well demonstrates the good analytical capability of this method, promising a great possibility for large batches of cosmetic toxic metal monitoring.

Determination of matrix elements of As–S glasses by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

It is demonstrated that inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) can be successfully used for determination of matrix elements of As–S glasses with the expanded uncertainty within 0.05–0.1mol%. The main advantage of ICP-AES method as compared with X-ray methods is the use of calibration (standard) samples in the form of solutions. The minimum mass of the glass sample, sufficient for analysis, is ~30mg, which makes it possible to analyze expensive materials as well as some types of optical fibers. The results of analysis of real bulk samples by the methods of ICP-AES and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XFS) are compared. With respect to determination of macro-components of glasses the ICP-AES method is highly competitive with the abilities of X-ray method.

Evaluation of Copper Leaching in Thermally Modified Southern Yellow Pine Wood Impregnated with ACQ-D

Thermally-modified wood is not sufficiently durable for exposure to environments in which severe biological deterioration is likely. So in this study, samples of southern yellow pine sapwood were first subjected to thermal modification and then impregnated with the alkaline copper quat-type D (ACQ-D) wood preservative. Three heating temperatures (180, 200, and 220 °C) and two concentrations of ACQ-D solution (0.90% and 1.35%) were used in the experiments. The copper retention, percentage of copper leaching, and concentrations of copper ions in the leachates collected during the leaching tests were evaluated using inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was also used to interpret the differences in leaching performance between thermally-treated and unheated wood samples. The pseudo-second-order model of copper leaching was developed with the experimental leaching data, which could determine the amounts of copper ion leaching and predict the final percentage of copper leaching during the leaching process. As a result, compared to the control group, the copper retention of the thermally- modified wood samples was lower, while the percentage of copper leaching was higher. This observation could be explained by the lower number of copper ion fixation sites in the thermally-treated wood.

Bioaccumulations of aluminum and the effects of chelating agents on different organs of Cirrhinus mrigala

The study of biological indicator organisms may be more informative than analyzing water or sediments for monitoring heavy metal pollution in the aquatic environment. Non-essential elements enter into the animals and accumulate at the different organs so that chelating agents are most versatile and effective antidotes to eliminate the metals toxicities. The aim of our present study is to find out bioaccumulations of aluminum and the effects of chelating agents DFO and DFP in Muscle, gill, kidney, brain and liver tissues of Cirrhinus mrigala by using inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). This study determined that the accumulation pattern of aluminum is muscle>gill>kidney>brain>liver. The present result suggests that DFO and DFP reduce the aluminum concentration in the tissues of C. mrigala fish and both are efficient chelators. Aluminum toxicity is a widespread problem in all forms of life, including humans, animals, fish, plants, and causes wide spread degradation of the environment and health.

Determination of arsenic in dry ashed seafood products by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry and a critical comparative study with platform furnace Zeeman-effect atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

A hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometric (HG-AAS) method was developed for the determination of arsenic in mussel products as part of a general plan to control this element in seafood products. Organic matter is destroyed by the dry ashing technique, the ash is dissolved in HNO 3, diluted in HCL, and hydrides of arsenic are generated by the addition of sodium tetrahydroborate prior to atomization in a flame-heated quartz cell and measurement by atomic absorption spectrometry. The detection limit (0.017 μg g −1), precision (3%), recovery (100±4%) and accuracy (determined by analysing NIST Oyster Tissue) were evaluated and an interference study was carried out. A comparative study of HG-AAS, platform furnace Zeeman-effect AAS and inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) showed that the most suitable technique for the determination of arsenic in seafood product is ICP-AES. For samples with arsenic levels below the detection limit of this technique (0.1 μg g −1) the alternative is the use of HG-AAS.

Simultaneous multielement analysis of diet samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry.

Diet samples were collected by a duplicated portion study for an adult male in both Mito, Japan and Los Alamos, U.S.A. The ashed samples were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) for 22 elements. The trace and ultratrace elements, Ba, Mo, Ni, Co, Cd, Cs, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, and U were determined by ICP-MS. The major and minor elements, Na, K, P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Al, Sr, and Cu were determined by ICP-AES. Accuracy and precision for some elements were examined by analyzing National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly National Bureau of Standards) Standard Reference Materials, 1577b Bovine Liver, and 1573 Tomato Leaves. Simultaneous multielement analyses of diet samples by using the two methods were found to be very useful.