Induction Technique Research Articles

The Effect of Fusarium Fungal Inoculation, Hole Position, and Induction Technique on Forming Agarwood in Gyrinops versteegii Tree

Gyrinops versteegii, belonging to the Themelaeaceae family, is one of the species producing high-grade agarwood. The induction technique can accelerate the agarwood product. This study inducted the G. versteegii tree with fungal species, a variation of hole position, and an induction technique. The research was done at a domesticated G. versteegii plantation in Sragen and Karanganyar District, Central Java Province. The research material was 18 agarwood trees aged 14 years. Initial inoculation was carried out at a depth of 50 cm from the ground, inoculation holes were made vertically every 50 cm. The distance between inoculation holes was 10 cm horizontally. The depth of the inoculation hole was 1/3 of the tree diameter. The agarwood quality resulted from the inoculated G. versteegii tree characterized by the wood aroma, the discoloration area, wood aroma, and terpenoid content, is significantly affected by the wood position in the stem, the fungal species, and the inoculation technique. The upper stem results in better agarwood than the bottom stem. Using the inoculant of the Fusarium oxysporum can achieve better agarwood than the inoculant of F. solani and mixed F. solani × F. oxysporum. Furthermore, the infusion technique gains a better agarwood result than others.

Religious Effect-Based Education Model in Pesantren on Handling Drug Cases

The handling of drug cases has developed with the presence of Islamic boarding schools that specifically focus their educational orientation on handling this case. The involvement of Islamic boarding schools in handling drug offenders indicates the development of a rehabilitation process that has only been played by the National Narcotics Agency. This study will reveal the religious effect-based education model in handling drug cases in Ar-Rahman Palembang and Suryalaya Tasikmalaya Islamic boarding schools with an empirical qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection uses in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation which are then analyzed using Spradley's inductive model technique which begins with compiling research questions, then determining research propositions, research analysis units, data linkage logic with propositions, criteria for interpreting findings, and finally presenting research results. The research findings show three essential things. First, overcoming drug offenders is carried out through five stages, namely client acceptance, program orientation, primary program, re-entry program, and complete program. Second, client healing is carried out with therapist techniques with religious methods, Focus Group Discussions, narcotic animus, as well as medical and psychological. Third, the implications are oriented towards three main aspects: behavioral and mental changes, awareness to stop consuming drugs, and the emergence of obedience in worship. In line with that, this study has limitations because it only uses descriptive analysis of limited data. Therefore, further studies with more comprehensive data coverage are expected.

Effects of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation on Physiological Responses to Acute Stress: A Systematic Review

AbstractPhysiological responses to acute stress generally proceed through two phases: first, a rapid and transient sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system response, and second, a slow and relatively sustained hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response. These responses are associated with changes in heart rate, heart rate variability, electrodermal responses, blood pressure, and salivary biomarkers such as alpha amylase and cortisol. Through the interactions of biochemical responses to stress and distributed brain regions including the amygdala, hippocampus, striatum, and prefrontal cortex, acute stress exposure can also adversely affect cognitive function. Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), including transcranial direct, alternating, and random noise stimulation (tDCS, tACS, tRNS), has been examined for its potential ability to modulate physiological responses to stress and buffer negative impacts of stress on cognitive function. This systematic review surveyed research examining the effects of tES on physiological responses to acute stress in healthy neurotypical samples, examining cardiorespiratory (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate), peripheral (e.g., electrodermal), and biochemical (e.g., alpha amylase, salivary cortisol) outcomes. Sixteen reports were identified for inclusion. The articles showed low to high risk of bias, used a diverse set of acute stress induction techniques and tES methodologies, and examined a wide range of physiological outcomes. We found mixed evidence for the effectiveness of tES in reducing acute stress responses, and suggest that some tES methodologies may be more promising than others. Several directions for continuing research are proposed to help elucidate the mechanisms underlying tES effects on acute stress responses and clarify its potential for application to cognitive enhancement domains.

Young men's everyday life experiences with contraception and unintended pregnancy in Papua New Guinea.

Unintended adolescent pregnancy is a public health priority in Papua New Guinea (PNG), where national policies specify need for easier access to reliable modern contraceptives. To reduce young people's experiences of unintended pregnancy in PNG, improved understandings of use of modern and other forms of contraception within young people's relationships is required to support the development of new sexual and reproductive health (SRH) programs and policies. The aim of this paper is to understand young men's use of modern and other contraceptives. This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with 35 sexually active young men aged 15-24 years, who were sampled purposively from the general population within community-based settings. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis techniques. Our analysis of young men's everyday experiences of using condoms and other contraceptives highlights clear drivers of unintended adolescent pregnancies. Across three settings, these included non-use of any modern method at first sex or during early sexual experiences; inconsistent use of condoms, often only after first pregnancy experiences; difficulties accessing condoms from health service providers, pharmacies and stores; a lack of understanding of other modern contraceptive strategies; inconsistent use of the withdrawal method; and inconsistent and incorrect use of calendar approaches due to misunderstandings about women's fertile period. Ten young men had never used any form of contraception. These occurred largely because young men's sexual agency is constrained within sexual and peer relationships, and community, school and health service settings, in ways that inhibit pregnancy prevention. It is important to engage meaningfully with young men to build sexual and reproductive health policies and programs that pay honest, respectful attention to young people's everyday sexual and social lives. Young men's everyday stories provide a unique lens through which we can identify mechanisms of change required to address the health and social inequities associated with unintended pregnancy among young men and young women in PNG and beyond.

Sustainable public policy instruments: revealing global interest in circular economy and eco-innovations

The concept of eco-innovation has become increasingly popular as the industrial industry should move toward sustainability. For businesses to establish core competences in the circular economy model, eco-innovation strategies are crucial components. Academicians are now studying the information behind these corporate decisions, with a growing body of work on the topic. The main goal of the study is to reveal and describe the development and interest in the topic of ecological and environmental innovations through bibliometric analysis. The bibliometric analysis is used to reveal the prevailing trends in the fields of sustainability, sustainable development, green economy, and eco-innovations. The fundamental techniques of comparison, induction, synthesis, analysis, and deduction are applied. In addition, the authors focused on bibliometric analysis, as it allows the processing of huge amounts of data and the creation of scientific maps. The development process in various countries around the world is diverse. Environmental and ecological innovations appear to present a substantial challenge. The prioritisation of the circular economy is also observable in scientific publications and in the academic sphere. Bibliometric analysis reveals the increasing popularity of the circular economy and ecoinnovations among authors, indicating the unavoidable need to tackle a more sustainable approach to economic and production activities.

Rethinking Diversion Programs in Indonesia: A Critical Analysis Through the Lens of Social and Cultural Context

This research aims to critique how diversion programs have been implemented in Indonesia from the point of view of the social and cultural environment. The gathered information will be subjected to a qualitative analysis that uses inductive and deductive reasoning techniques. According to the findings, at least three aspects are deficient: legal substance, which refers to the concordance of underlying regulations and guidelines for its implementation; legal structure; and cultural factors, which play a role in its implementation internally and externally (within law enforcement). In addition, the study highlights the necessity for additional research on the success rate of adopting diversion and building a new legal culture in society that promotes diversion as a method for resolving criminal cases involving children. This is a necessity brought to light by the study’s findings. This research may provide valuable insights into the advantages and disadvantages of the system already in place.

The Balinese Lexicons Related to Banten Munggah in Piodalan Alit Rituals: An Ecolinguistics Study

Piodalan or Odalan is a Hindu religious ceremony known as commemoration of the birth or birthday of a temple. The Piodalan ritual can be performed once every six months (210 days) based on wuku calculations which refer to the Hindu calendar calculations, or every year if based on sasih or month calculations, and if done every year it is called Pujawali. This ceremony is carried out to express gratitude for the abundant blessing from Hyang Widhi Wasa (the Creator) In its implementation, Piodalan ceremony uses upakara /ritual in the form of bebantenan /offerings of which forms depend on the village/place, kala/time, and patra /circumstances, therefore piodalan is distinguished according to the level of upakara, into alit/ small, madya/ middle, and agung/huge. This research aims to discuss (1) The lexicon involved in Banten Munggah of the piodalan alit rituals, and (2) the morphological forms of these lexicons. The theories applied to achieve these goals are ecolinguistic theory (language use related to the environment), and morphological theory (word formation/lexicon). This research is descriptive-qualitative field research using observation and note-taking techniques. The results of the analysis are presented using formal and informal methods, with inductive and deductive techniques. This research was conducted in Tabanan and Gianyar Regencies. The results reveal (1) The lexicon related to Banten Munggah of piodalan alit ceremony includes the lexicons on the offerings placed on the individual temple in the compound (banten munggah), it includes Banten Pejati, banten cenik, banten pejrimpenan. (2) the morphological forms of these lexicons are in the base forms, forms with affixations or derived forms, reduplications, and compound words.

Physiological characteristics during the formation of aromatic components in xylem of Aquilaria sinensis induced by exogenous substances.

An inductive combination of plant growth regulators, inorganic salts, and fungi is essential for the formation of aromatic components in the xylem of Aquilaria sinensis. However, the dynamics of xylem physiology and the relationships between physiological properties and aromatic components after artificial induction remain unclear. In this study, the changes in physiological properties of A. sinensis xylem during induction were determined and analyzed under four induction treatments and a control group. The defense hormone contents of jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, and abscisic acid obtained from the four induction treatments increased significantly. However, the concentrations of gibberellin and indoleacetic acid were decreased compared to the control group. An initially upward and then downward trend was observed in the main antioxidant enzyme activities. Additionally, malonaldehyde content decreased obviously, while proline content tended to increase and then decrease as induction continued. The total and soluble sugar content was evidently reduced after treatment, and the soluble sugar content recovered more rapidly with time. Thirty-three aromatic components were identified in all treatments, and the primary aromatic components were terpenes, aromatics and chromones, the relative contents of which varied among treatments. These results provide new insights for optimization and innovation of agarwood induction techniques by exploring the formation of aromatics in the xylem of A. sinensis and its physiological responses following induction with exogenous substances (ethephon, NaCl, CaCl2 and fungal mixed solution).

Referrals and Black-White Coronary Heart Disease Treatment Disparities: A Qualitative Study of Primary Care Physician Perspectives.

Black-White coronary heart disease (CHD) treatment disparities are well documented, especially regarding the use of high-quality hospitals. Physician referral networks may play a role. To understand how primary care physicians (PCPs) make specialty referrals for CHD treatment and how referrals may contribute to treatment disparities. Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. We purposively recruited 45 PCPs (50 invited, 90% response rate) in three metro areas with high Black-White segregation of cardiac care networks (New York City; Chicago; Atlanta). We developed the focus group discussion guide from interviews and current literature. We conducted two focus groups per metro area via Zoom. Two expert team members independently coded the transcripts using inductive techniques and analyzed focus group content and themes using Dedoose. Most participants were male (62.2%), White (57.8%), and practiced for at least 23years. We identified several recurrent themes for factors influencing cardiology referrals. The most frequently mentioned themes were heavy reliance on professional networks, specialist availability, timeliness, communication style, patient geographic and economic constraints, and patient preferences. PCPs used anecdotal and not data-driven evidence to assess hospital quality and viewed Black-White differences in high-quality hospital use as due to patient economic status and preferences or differences in hospital access and provider referral bias. PCPs' referral decisions for CHD treatment are primarily driven by access to specific professional networks and the socioeconomic circumstances of their patients. Nevertheless, PCPs strive to make the best available decisions, leaning into their networks and honoring patient preferences. While PCPs acknowledged existing disparities, they attributed them to patient and system factors rather than provider referral bias. Mitigating disparities will require interventions to improve minority-serving providers' formal and informal connections with high-quality specialists and hospitals, address patient socioeconomic constraints, and train providers to recognize their potential biases and misconceptions.

Proliferation Analyses of Conditional Knockdown Strains Using CRISPR Interference in Fission Yeast.

CRISPR interference is a method to conditionally inhibit transcription of an arbitrary target gene. This is useful to study the functions of essential genes, which are required for cellular viability. Although many conditional gene perturbation techniques are available for Schizosaccharomyces pombe, CRISPRi facilitates construction of a large number of knockdown strains because of its systematic, simple procedure. Here, we describe a method to construct and characterize knockdown strains using dCas9-mediated CRISPRi in S. pombe, including a variation of CRISPRi induction technique in a 96-well format for high-throughput studies.

"Showing up to the conversation": Qualitative reflections from a diversity, equity, and inclusion book club with emergency medicine leadership.

Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in health care fosters many positive outcomes including improved patient care. DEI initiatives are often created by or require buy-in from departmental leaders with low DEI literacy. Book clubs are one way to develop DEI literacy. The purpose of this paper is to describe how leaders in the department of emergency medicine (DEM) process the information gained from reading a DEI book through discussion in a book club setting and explore how participation enhances their DEI literacy and fosters self-reflection. This was a qualitative exploratory study based on a constructivist approach. Data were analyzed by four researchers using inductive thematic analysis techniques. Sixty-eight leaders within the DEM participated in 11 book clubs. Nine themes were identified (examination of privilege, initial reaction to discussion about racism, discomfort, worry, self-reflection, release, role recognition, readiness, and education). After prompted examination of their own privilege participants moved through a model of perceived readiness to act. Participants started with feeling paralyzed by the work's enormity or becoming defensive. They then moved toward discomfort with discussions of racism and systemic racism and progressed to discussions around worrying that they were contributing to noninclusive environments. After a period of self-reflection, participants tended to release their paralysis, push aside their defensiveness, accept the role of discomfort, and express the importance of education on these issues. Participants then recognized their role in creating inclusive environments and started discussing what they can do about it, which, for many, was to show up to the conversation. An underlying driver of movement through this model was the education that was provided through the book. By addressing privilege and systemic inequities through the reflective practice and dialogue of a book club, participants demonstrated a growing commitment and perceived readiness to advancing inclusive practices within medicine.

An application of multi-magnetic circular planar spiral relay to improve the performance of wireless power transfer system

Introduction. The system of delivering electricity without wires is known as wireless power transfer (WPT). The WPT system has been extensively used in a number of industries, health, telecommunications, and transportation. However, the distance between the transmitter and receiver coils has a significant impact on its efficiency. Lower power can be generated between coils the farther apart they are, and vice versa. The novelty of the proposed work is innovative in that it develops a multi-magnetic circular planar spiral relay to improve the WPT system’s performance and designs circular planar spiral coils to achieve an appropriate inductance value for the 5 kHz matching frequency. The goal of paper is to create a circular planar spiral coil with an appropriate inductance value for the 5 kHz matching frequency. Methods. The transmitter circuit, receiver circuit, and DC voltage source are parts of the WPT system. The inverter circuit uses the inductive coupling technique to transform the DC power source into AC voltage on the transmitter coil. The suggested coil is additionally employed as a multi-magnetic circular planar spiral relay in order to increase the mutual inductance between the receiver and transmitter coils. Results. To monitor the power improvement that results from adding a multi-magnetic relay to the system, the transmitter coil, receiver coil, and multi-magnetic relay are positioned at specific distances from each other. With Vdc = 30 V and dtr = 21 cm, the power received at the receiver coil can therefore be improved by up to 67 %. Practical value. The multi-magnetic circular planar spiral relay applied in the WPT system has been investigated in an experimental study and it can be applied for DC load. References 26, table 1, figure 18.

Patient perceptions of an electronic-health-record-based rheumatoid arthritis outcomes dashboard: a mixed-methods study

BackgroundOutcome measures are crucial to support a treat-to-target approach to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) care, yet their integration into clinical practice remains inconsistent. We developed an Electronic Heath Record-integrated, patient-facing side-car application to display RA outcomes (disease activity, functional status, pain scores), medications, and lab results during clinical visits (“RA PRO Dashboard”). The study aimed to evaluate patient perceptions and attitudes towards the implementation of a novel patient-facing dashboard during clinical visits using a mixed-methods approach.MethodsRA patients whose clinicians used the dashboard at least once during their clinical visit were invited to complete a survey regarding its usefulness in care. We also conducted semi-structured interviews with a subset of patients to assess their perceptions of the dashboard. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically using deductive and inductive techniques. Emerging themes and subthemes were organized into four domains of the Ecological Model of Health.ResultsOut of 173 survey respondents, 79% were interested in seeing the dashboard again at a future visit, 71% felt it improved their understanding of their disease, and 65% believed it helped with decision-making about their RA care. Many patients reported that the dashboard helped them discuss their RA symptoms (76%) and medications (72%) with their clinician. Interviews with 29 RA patients revealed 10 key themes: the dashboard was perceived as a valuable visual tool that improved patients’ understanding of RA outcome measures, enhanced their involvement in care, and increased their trust in clinicians and the clinic. Common reported limitations included concerns about reliability of RA outcome questionnaires for some RA patients and inconsistent collection and explanation of these measures by clinicians.ConclusionsIn both the quantitative and qualitative components of the study, patients reported that the dashboard improved their understanding of their RA, enhanced patient-clinician communication, supported shared decision-making, and increased patient engagement in care. These findings support the use of dashboards or similar data visualization tools in RA care and can be used in future interventions to address challenges in data collection and patient education.

Moving towards transformative justice for black women survivors of intimate partner violence: an intersectional qualitative study.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) disproportionately affects Black women, yet the current IPV justice response, relying on the criminal legal system, often fails them due to racialized, sexist stereotypes that disrupt Black women's claims to survivorship. Transformative justice, a community-based approach designed to repair harm between the survivor and person who caused harm and transform the social conditions that perpetuate violence, may be a promising alternative approach to facilitate justice and accountability for IPV. However, little is known about the justice preferences of Black women IPV survivors. This qualitative study sought to understand Black women IPV survivors' experiences interacting with police and their justice preferences following IPV. Semi-structured interviews with 15 Black women IPV survivors were conducted between April 2020 and April 2022. Inductive analytic techniques derived from grounded theory were used to contextualize Black women IPV survivors' experiences. One theme was identified that aligned with Black women IPV survivors' experiences interacting with the police: 1) fear and distrust. Four themes were identified that aligned with justice preferences: (1) resolution through dialogue, (2) therapy and counseling services, (3) resource support, and (4) protection and prevention for children. Fear and distrust of the police was mainly driven by anticipated discrimination. Survivors' justice preferences encompassed solution-based dialogue between the survivor and person who caused harm mediated by family and trusted individuals in the community, therapy services, housing support, and attention to preventing the intergenerational cycle of IPV for children as part of a community-based, holistic justice response. Police interactions as part of the current justice response were counterproductive for Black women IPV survivors. Black women IPV survivors deserve alternative forms of justice and accountability for IPV. As an alternative justice response to IPV, transformative justice can encompass their justice preferences and promote equity and center Black women IPV survivors and their communities.

Automated Robustness Verification of Concurrent Data Structure Libraries against Relaxed Memory Models

Clients reason about the behavior of concurrent data structure libraries such as sets, queues, or stacks using specifications that capture well-understood correctness conditions, such as linearizability. The implementation of these libraries, however, focused as they are on performance, may additionally exploit relaxed memory behavior allowed by the language or underlying hardware that weaken the strong ordering and visibility constraints on shared-memory accesses that would otherwise be imposed by a sequentially consistent (SC) memory model. As an alternative to developing new specification and verification mechanisms for reasoning about libraries under relaxed memory model, we instead consider the orthogonal problem of library robustness , a property that holds when all possible behaviors of a library implementation under relaxed memory model are also possible under SC. In this paper, we develop a new automated technique for verifying robustness of library implementations in the context of a C11-style memory model. This task is challenging because a most-general client may invoke an unbounded number of concurrently executing library operations that can manipulate an unbounded number of shared locations. We establish a novel inductive technique for verifying library robustness that leverages prior work on the robustness problem for the C11 memory model based on the search for a non-robustness witness under SC executions. We crucially rely on the fact that this search is carried out over SC executions, and use high-level SC specifications (including linearizability) of the library to verify the absence of a non-robustness witness. Our technique is compositional - we show how we can safely preserve robustness of multiple interacting library implementations and clients using additional SC fences to guarantee robustness of entire executions. Experimental results on a number of complex realistic library implementations demonstrate the feasibility of our approach.

Lung ultrasound assessment of atelectasis following different anesthesia induction techniques in pediatric patients: a propensity score-matched, observational study

IntroductionAtelectasis is a well-documented complication in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia. Its incidence varies significantly based on surgical procedures and anesthesia techniques. Inhalation induction, commonly used to avoid the discomfort of venipuncture, is suspected to cause higher rates of respiratory complications, including atelectasis, compared to intravenous induction. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of inhalation versus intravenous anesthesia induction on atelectasis formation in pediatric patients, as assessed by lung ultrasound (LUS).MethodsThis propensity score-matched observational study was conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Milan, Italy. Inclusion criteria were children ≤ 18 years undergoing elective surgery with general anesthesia. Patients were divided into inhalation and intravenous induction groups. LUS was performed before and after anesthesia induction to assess lung aeration. The primary endpoint was the global LUS score post-induction, with secondary endpoints including the incidence and distribution of atelectasis.ResultsOf the 326 patients included, 65% underwent inhalation induction and 35% intravenous induction. The global LUS score was significantly higher in the inhalation group (12.0 vs. 4.0, p < 0.001). After propensity score matching (for age, presence of upper respiratory tract infection, duration of induction, and PEEP levels at induction), average treatment effect (ATE) of mask induction was 5.89 (95% CI, 3.21–8.58; p < 0.001) point on LUS global score and a coefficient of 0.35 (OR 1.41) for atelectasis.DiscussionInhalation induction is associated with a higher incidence of atelectasis in pediatric patients also when we adjusted for clinically relevant covariates.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06069414.

Hosting Large Sports Events Sustainably: A Contemporary Administrative and Economic Evaluation

In the modern era characterized by digitalization and technological advancement, it is especially important to understand whether the country is ready to host large sports events sustainably from contemporary legal, administrative and economic point of view. Therefore, the aim to explore the administrative and economic dimensions of hosting large sports events through the lens of sustainability. This evaluation is crucial for policymakers, event organizers, and stakeholders committed to fostering a balance between economic gains, environmental preservation, and social well-being in the planning and execution of future large-scale sporting events. The methodological foundation of the study is built upon a range of general scientific methods, including the monographic, analytical, historical, and comparative methods, as well as the techniques of induction and deduction. Additionally, the study employs various methods for interpreting legal norms, such as grammatical, historical, teleological, and systemic approaches. Keywords: economic activity and impact assessment, good governance, sports law

The Types and Motives of Maxim Infringement in Agatha Christie’s Murder on The Orient Express Novel (Pragmatic Approach)

This study performs a pragmatic analysis of Agatha Christie’s "Murder on the Orient Express," focusing on the intentional types and motives behind Grice’s conversational maxims infringement strategies. This research is descriptive qualitative that uses document analysis from the dialogues where the characters strategically infringe the maxims and find the motive(s) behind every infringement. The motives are namely withholding information, providing misleading details, using ambiguity, and creating communicative effects. This research uses domain, taxonomy, componential analysis, and cultural theme as well as inductive technique for the data analysis technique. The results show that there are 118 infringements of the maxims that fulfill the types of all the maxim of quality, quantity, manner, and relevance as well as the motives This research finds out that the story is dominated by the infringement of the maxim of relevance to control information flow which aligns with the novel’s purpose as a crime-solving detective novel.

Understanding the interplay between organisational injustice and the health and wellbeing of female police officers: a meta-ethnography

BackgroundFemale police officers are reported to encounter more bias, discriminatory practices, and inadequate support than their male counterparts and experience poorer health outcomes. This meta-ethnographic review looks beyond individual responsibilities to consider which aspects of policing impact the health and well-being of female police officers.MethodsPrimary qualitative and mixed method studies published between 2000 and 2024 were included. ProQuest (all databases) and Ovid (Medline and Embase) were searched using terms related to health, wellbeing, females, police, and qualitative research. This was a cross-jurisdictional review, with no limit on country of study. In total, twenty-one papers met the inclusion criteria. A seven-phase inductive and interpretative meta-ethnographic technique was employed to synthesise, analyse, and interpret the data.ResultsThe data analysis revealed a distinct outcome that demonstrated a strong relationship and substantial impacts of organisational injustice on the health and well-being of female police officers. Our findings showed that organisational injustice, encompassing procedural, relational, distributive, and gendered injustice, significantly influences the health and well-being of female officers. Impacts on mental health were commonly discussed, followed by aspects influencing social health, workplace wellbeing, and physical health. Moreover, the effects of these four forms of organisational injustice and the associated cultural, systemic, and structural risk factors extend beyond the immediate health and wellbeing impacts on the individual female officer through impeding other aspects of their work life, such as career progression and work-life balance, that can further impact long-term health and well-being.ConclusionThis review highlights the importance of addressing organisational injustice and the cultural, systemic, and structural risk factors within policing to promote healthier and more inclusive workforces for female officers. Policymakers and practitioners should critically examine policies and practices that may appear gender neutral but disproportionately impact women, affecting the health and well-being of female police officers. By addressing these issues, transformative action can be taken to create safer, more supportive, and healthier working environments for female police officers.

Management of Infertility due to Anovulation (Beejadusti Janya Stri Vandhyatwa) by Ayurvedic Regime

Anovulation is one among the major factors contributing to infertility in women. Anovulation occurs when an egg does not release or ovulate from woman’s ovaries. This issue worsens due to changing lifestyles, poor eating habits, stressful employment, and environmental factors. Ovulation induction and artificial reproductive techniques are the available treatment options for these patients. Ayurvedic formulations having properties like – Prajasthapana, anti-oxidant, Balya, Rasayana, Yonidoshahara, Tridhosha shamana shown improvement in infertility due to anovulation. The present case represent case study of a 31 year old female diagnosed as primary infertility visited OPD of National Institute of Ayurveda on 04.04.2024 with complaint of anxious to conceive since 11 years. On assessment of all report, anovulation was found to be the etiology. Treatment opted was Shaman Chikitsa with Bala Beeja Churna– 4gm BD after food with lukewarm water and Ashwagandha Ghrita 5ml BD before food with 100ml of milk. The patient got conceived after 2 months of oral medications, and UPT was found positive on 28 may, 2024.