Inductive Inquiry Research Articles

Effects of Inductive and Deductive Inquiry Teaching Approaches on Technical College Students Achievement in Metalwork

The impact of inductive and deductive teaching methods on metalwork proficiency was evaluated among technical college students. The purpose of study was designed to determine the effect of inductive and deductive inquiry teaching approaches to enhance students’ cognitive achievement in Metalwork and to students’ psychomotor achievement in Metalwork. The study, involving 115 students, employed a pre-test, post-test, non-equivalent control group design, with 56 students allocated to the Deductive Inquiry group and 59 to the Inductive Inquiry group. Data were collected using the Metalwork Achievement Test (MCAT) and the Metalwork Psychomotor Achievement Test (MPAT). The Pearson Product Moment Correlation produced a correlation coefficient of 0.83 for assessing the MCAT's reliability. The reliability of MPAT was determined using the scorer dependability technique. The inter-rater agreement was 0.82. Despite a non-significant ANCOVA result at the 0.05 level, the students in the experimental groups showed superior mean scores. In metalwork instruction, students who employed the inductive inquiry method earned higher average scores on both the cognitive and psychomotor tests. The mean scores were statistically significant. Given these findings, Metalwork teachers at technical colleges should employ an inquiry-based learning method.

Cyber Defense Using Cyber Threat Intelligence to Anticipate and Avoid Future Cyber Attacks

Research objective: This study evaluates the efficiency of cyber threat intelligence (CTI) for predicting and mitigating cyber threats, which is important in business today. Organisations endure cyber assaults and fight cyber crimes, which threaten commercial exposure. CTI is a proactive approach to these risks since it gives the finest methods and relevant information on potential cyber crimes. Research significance: This review article analyses the literature in the context to find gaps and include ethical research practices. This systematic study may determine how threat intelligence improves cyber security knowledge and eliminates cyber threats by examining assessable information. It may guide the development of new threat intelligence-influencing methods and frameworks. Methodology: Through a qualitative approach based on the systematic review, the study goals were evaluated, analysed, and explained. PRISMA chart was also used to describe exclusion and inclusion study criteria to ensure correct data gathering. The results were presented in a thematic analysis while examining article dependability, quality, and validity. The author used inductive research to reach the primary study conclusions. Using observations or data, inductive inquiry creates hypotheses or generalisations. Research findings: Threat intelligence may considerably increase an organisation's ability to anticipate and prevent cyber threats. The literature emphasised that threat information improves incident response, identifies new threats, and strengthens cyber security. Organisations should continually train and educate cyber security personnel to increase threat intelligence utilisation. Instruct incident response, threat intelligence analysis, and emerging threat trends.CTI helps a company grow smoothly and achieve its goals.

The feminization of freedom: An analysis of love, happiness and freedom from the perspective of childfree, never-married single women of color

This article addresses singleness as a state of being and not a transition for childfree, never-married single women of color. As the characterization of adult romantic relationships has evolved, the meaning of singleness has also gone through a transformation. My research applies the theoretical framework of feminist standpoint theory through an intersectional lens to explain how women of color experience love and relationships in a non-traditional way and how they create a singular corridor that allows them to exist on the boundaries of heteronormative marriage and romantic love. I examine the research question: How do childfree, never-married single women of color experience and feel about romantic love, singleness, sex, and attachments in society? My study utilized a qualitative research methodology with an inductive inquiry approach. I conducted forty semi-structured interviews with women between 36 and 61. I argue that these women have a unique positionality in society. They are women who have remained free from the heteronormative obligations to a husband or children, and they are also women who have not had the privileges of some of their white counterparts. Therefore, they have a group-based experience and knowledge rooted in group oppression.

Organizing Complexity: An Inductive Inquiry into Algorithmic Routines Expansion

Organizing Complexity: An Inductive Inquiry into Algorithmic Routines Expansion

'It's Just Not Working', a Qualitative Exploration of the Weight-Related Healthcare Experiences of Individuals of Arab Heritage With Higher Weight in Australia.

Culturally and linguistically diverse population groups disproportionately experience higher weight and other non-weight-related discrimination in healthcare settings outside of their ancestral country. Little is known about the experiences of individuals with Arab heritage. This study aimed to qualitatively explore the intersectional weight-related healthcare experiences of individuals of Arab heritage with higher weight in Australia. A general inductive enquiry approach was used. Purposive, convenience and snowball sampling was used to recruit individuals of Arab heritage residing in Australia. Individuals were invited to participate in an online semistructured interview. Interviews were recorded, transcribedand thematically analysed. Fifteen participants took part in the study. Of these participants, 93% were female (n = 14), 80% were aged between 18 and 44 years (n = 12), 73% were university educated (n = 11), 53% were born outside of Australia (n = 8)and all were Muslim (n = 15). Four main themes were identified: (1) appearance-based judgement, (2) generalised advice and assumptions, (3) cultural responsivenessand (4) healthcare system constraints. Individuals of Arab heritage with higher weight in Australia, namely, females, often perceive their healthcare experiences as dismissive of their cultural and religious needs and driven by causality assumptions around weight. It is crucial that care delivered encompasses cultural humility, is weight-inclusiveand acknowledges systemic constraints. Cultural safety training benchmarks, healthcare management reformand weight-inclusive healthcare approaches are recommended to assist healthcare providers in delivering effective, holisticand culturally safe care. Insights gained from conversations with Arab heritage community members with lived experiences regarding weight-related healthcare encounters informed the study design and approach.

Babari Masjid Chronicles: Modi’s Ideology not Embracing Ayodhya Spirit and India’s Future

Introduction: After the Babri Masjid demolition, Prime Minister Narendra Modi's treatment of Ayodhya’s was criticized for violating its unity tradition. Modi's politics emphasize inclusion over exclusion. Reconciliation initiatives are examined in Ram temple construction. The essay promotes discourse, harmony, and India's diversity, emphasizing the need for integration. Methodology: The study uses inductive qualitative research to examine Modi's ideology and its relationship to Ayodhya's symbolism of unity and diversity in India. Literary secondary sources including books, journals, and novel research help collect data. The study uses interpretive content analysis and is qualitative. The protagonist's psychological journey is explored using inductive inquiry. Results/ Findings: The analysis reveals The analysis indicates a notable discrepancy between Prime Minister Narendra Modi's ideological stance and the historical essence of Ayodhya as a symbol of unity and pluralism. The necessity of reevaluating Modi's ideology vis-à-vis Ayodhya and its broader implications for India's future trajectory. The research emphasizes the importance of embracing inclusivity and dialogue to safeguard the nation's unity and diversity in the face of socio-political challenges. Modi's policies and decisions concerning Ayodhya, including his role in the Ram temple construction, come under scrutiny for their implications on India's socio-political landscape. Future Direction/ Implication: This study improves understanding of "Babri Masjid Chronicles: Modi’s Ideology Not Embracing Ayodhya Spirit and India’s Future" and opens the door to further research on socio-political narratives and their psychological roots in literature. This includes studying national identity, ideological disagreement, and cultural and religious pluralism in fictional and historical situations. This research inspires further study of literary discourse, socio-political ideologies, and Indian national identity and unity

Situational Analysis in Accounting Research

Objective: Revise and illustrate the Situational Analysis (SA) method and its theoretical and procedural assumptions to enable novel inductive inquiry in accounting studies.
 Method: We develop a theoretical essay on SA advances Grounded Theory, addressing the challenges of social life in the postmodern world. The essay focus on how accounting researchers can explore SA in diverse projects, especially those requiring multiple data about a particular phenomenon, allowing researchers to integrate action in different contexts. SA’s analytical stance is structured through maps, embracing the notion of empirical evidence to promote epistemic diversity and multivocality and recognize the importance of non-human elements in structuring social relations.
 Results: The paper presents an analytical alternative that is not limited to the micro, meso, or macro levels of events. Facing complexities, it provides relational views of ecologies of situations, repositioning research in individual, collective and discursive ways. With SA, a researcher can develop novel inquiry that challenges the status quo and unexplored facets of complex situations.
 Contributions: The paper explores and illustrates the potential of a qualitative method not yet familiar to accounting researchers, bridging the gap between post-modern perspectives on discourse and investigation of agency on complex phenomena involving accounting concepts and mechanisms.

Exploring Resource-Based Actor Engagement in Microfinance Institutions: The Service-Dominant Logic Perspective

Actor engagement is an emerging area of research in service-dominant logic yet equated with the traditional view of customer engagement. The narrow explanation of cognitive and emotional perspectives obstructs the theory building to further understand the resource-based perspective of actor engagement, thus warranting an inductive inquiry. The interrelated categorization is also a missing link in the literature, and this study fills this gap. This qualitative study explores antecedents of actor engagement with a resource-based perspective at pre, core, and post-service encounters. While adopting the qualitative Gioia methodology, twenty-five customers of microfinance institutions were interviewed to explore the phenomenon. Our study reveals that in the pre-resource integration phase, the value fit and actors' dexterity are the antecedents that bring actor engagement. The alignment of integrated resources and service interaction disposition ensures engagement at the resource-integration phase, whereas, in the post-integration phase, actor engagement is affected by the service outcome. Furthermore, the actors' association with networks influences the engagement, and information gateways interconnect all three phases. This study offers four unique propositions to explain interrelated resource-based actor engagement. Microfinance institutions moving towards digital banking can adopt the study findings to redesign engaging strategies at an actor-to-actor level to ensure brand loyalty and commitment. Researchers can quantitatively test the proposed propositions for further conceptual advancement.

Weighing in: qualitative explorations of weight restoration as recovery in anorexia nervosa

BackgroundAnorexia Nervosa (AN) continues to capture the public’s imagination, centered around physical appearance, particularly weight. Clinical conceptions of AN also emphasize weight. The objective of this study was to explore how individuals with lived AN experience thought about the role of weight in illness and recovery.MethodsThe current study employed a grounded theory approach through qualitative inductive inquiry and analysis of 150 anonymous narratives, exploring firsthand experience of AN and recovery of adult individuals, based in the United States of America.ResultsIndividuals with AN histories contested intersecting popular cultural and medical presumptions of their health and illness positioned in weight. Respondents indicated that while weight does not measure recovery, it matters to recovery in unanticipated ways. Others’ expectations for a low weight served as a gatekeeper to various forms of social and institutional support. Respondents felt that the weight obsessions of other people made it difficult to earn the illness legitimacy to access sufficient care.ConclusionsResearch findings bear implications for future AN research, advocacy, and clinical practice, as respondents pivot research emphasis from weight as a sociocultural motivation for AN, to weight as a sociocultural obstacle to AN recovery.

Bodies Through Time: Student Reflections on Biocultural Health and Disease Research with Primary Documents

Incorporating primary documents into undergraduate teaching and research can provide opportunities for students to develop research skills and explore voices from the past. In this piece, I highlight the experiences of five undergraduate students who experienced working with primary documents for the first time. Their natural inductive inquiry while exploring a set of 18th-century hospital admission records will form the foundation of future research projects, while developing broader critical thinking skills. Biocultural investigations of historic health can be brought into contemporary classrooms through the use of primary documents.

Realizing dynamic capabilities and organizational knowledge in effective innovations: the capabilities typological map

PurposeThis paper aims to shed light on the mechanisms that connect dynamic capabilities and organizational knowledge in the innovative process to offer a new theoretical and practical solution considering the microfoundations of knowledge management strategies.Design/methodology/approachThis research has emerged from an in-depth case study of an effective innovation (from just ethanol and sugar-production to an effective biomass plant). The study represents an “inductive inquiry,” useful to understand specific “organizational mechanisms” of innovation, where the main data came from in-depth interviews with 18 key actors. It proved to help search the development of a specific biomass plant, designed and implemented between 2000 and 2007 in a Brazilian ethanol and sugar-production large company, referred to here as “Energyplant.”FindingsThis solution provides a new perspective based on the idea that dynamic capabilities are context-dependent and presents an original typological map that shows and materializes dynamic capabilities as teams of human-based resources. Managerial implications can be drawn from the capabilities typological map highlighting that, although identical dynamic capabilities are not required to change different firms, idiosyncratic dynamic capabilities perform universal knowledge functions that can be mapped, contributing to the planning of a specific innovation.Originality/valueWhile the dynamic capabilities research has been seen as one of the most vibrant topics in strategic management, scholars have recently stressed that dynamic capabilities continue to be underrated because the knowledge mechanisms that lead to effective innovations have not been adequately explored. The visual mapping is then applied to solve the reviewed theoretical problems, being also suggested to firms interested in change and adapting their capabilities to the requirements of the business environment.

Things Fell Apart: Categorization During a Foreign Currency Market Crisis

While prior studies underscore how categories facilitate market stability, little is known above categorization processes during market instability. This study examines how actors categorize in unstable markets. We conduct an inductive inquiry into a foreign currency market instability in Nigeria using data from the nation’s central bank, news articles, and interviews from actors in the foreign currency market. We propose that market instability is a form of category crisis. We further identify two mechanisms of category shifting (the process of attributing causes to category crisis) and category sifting (the enactment of inferences of the category shifting) as important components of categorization processes during market instability. We examine the implications of our findings from category in market literature and illustrate how market instabilities can provide unique contexts for categorization processes.

Adaptive Learning for Improving German-Speaking Skills in the Digital Age

Abstract. Language teaching has developed with the support of techniques, media, and learning approaches that complement each other. However, the need to develop linguistic skills never arrest and need to be improved continuously. One of the models developed in the early 21st century is adaptive learning, but this learning tends to be more widely applied outside of language teaching. Therefore, This study aims to find concrete forms of adaptive learning that can be applied in appropriately developing speaking skills in German. A qualitative, descriptive approach is employed in this study, focusing on an inductive inquiry into phenomena and fact-finding on adaptive learning. The learning source employed in the learning is a coursebook called Netzwerk Deutsch als Fremdsprache.To bridge the rigidity of the content and the less flexible learning aspects delivered by the coursebook, we tried to integrate it with the campus internal learning management system Besmart-Moodle. There were 12 students (initials P1-12) who participated in learning and practising speaking-oriented learning. We collected data using video recordings, digital questionnaires and field notes. Afterwards, we analyzed participants' conduct and responses using coding procedures to formulate categories relevant to adaptive learning forms. The results showed that most participants viewed this learning positively, and it supported improving their speaking skills effectively. In addition, for both students and lecturers, this learning model thoroughly impacted the learning process concerning certain linguistic facets and enriched previous research.Keywords: Adaptive learning, German, Speaking Skills, Digital Learning, Besmart

Moving on after critical incidents in health care: A qualitative study of the perspectives and experiences of second victims.

AimsTo gain a deeper understanding of nurses and midwives' experiences following involvement in a critical incident in a non‐critical care area and to explore how they have 'moved‐on' from the event.DesignAn interpretive descriptive design guided inductive inquiry to interpret the meaning of moving‐on.MethodsPurposive sampling recruited 10 nurses and midwives. Data collection comprised semi‐structured interviews, memos and field notes. Data were concurrently collected and analysed during 2016–2017 with NVivo 11. The thematic analysis enabled a coherent analytical framework evolving emerging themes and transformation of the data into credible interpretive description findings, adhering to the COREQ reporting guidelines.ResultsThe findings revealed five main themes: Initial emotional and physical response, the aftermath, long‐lasting repercussions, workplace support and moving‐on.ConclusionThis study shed light on the perceptions of nurses and midwives who lived through the impact of critical incidents. Through their lens, the strategies engaged in to move‐on were identified and their call for organizational and collegial support received a voice.

Winning big: The political logic of winning elections with large margins in India

ABSTRACT Politicians winning elections with large margins of victory, beyond what is necessary to win electoral contests,what we term “winning big”, is a common, yet under-studied phenomenon across the world. Political economy models suggest that winning big is not an optimal allocation of scarce campaign resources in a SMP/FPTP electoral system. Inductive inquiry shows that incumbent politicians likely to win nevertheless campaign hard, often devoting considerable effort and resources, for reasons that remain unexamined. Focusing on India, this article explores a range of reasons that can help explain this phenomenon through an innovative research design that combines quantitative analysis with in-depth elite interviews with incumbent MPs from 10 states. We distinguish the phenomenon of “winning big” from that of “safe” seats,identify and probe factors that can contribute to large margins, including candidate strategy, party popularity, mobilizers, electoral uncertainty, and party control . Our findings suggest that while political parties in India, as elsewhere, do not spend more money on electoral contests that they likely to win comfortably, winning big can be the result, among other factors, of a party strategy to establish a reputation for invincibility, and/or individual efforts, stemming from a sense of political vulnerability felt by politicians, underestimated in the literature on safe seats.

Unpacking complex phenomena through an inductive multi-study research design

Inductive scholarship faces the challenge of engaging with complex social phenomena that are often large and messy, containing ill-defined and hard-to-measure concepts. Our central argument in this paper is that unpacking complex phenomena requires multiple arcs of inquiry and that these phenomena need to be addressed through multi-study research. We introduce the reader to an inductive multi-study design which entails the practice of conducting a series of distinct, yet complementary studies using an iterative-cyclical approach. Rather than in a sequential fashion, phenomena are studied in a holistic way through multiple inquiry arcs to accomplish more compelling theory building. Our roadmap highlights in four stages the iterative routes of inquiry that multi-study scholars can travel (discovery and extension) and illustrates these using examples from two published studies to highlight the benefits of a multi-study design. We maintain that this iterative-cyclical approach redresses the state of knowledge creation that emerges from piecemeal lines of inductive inquiry, thereby enhancing the process of horizontal knowledge accumulation in management and organization studies.

Resilience in a time of contagion: Lessons from small businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT The abrupt outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic sent unprecedented shockwaves across the globe, creating an unparalleled crisis in terms of our health, severely impacting the way we live and work. Measures such as social distancing and travel restrictions, have disrupted production and supply chains, reinforcing a demand shock. In the midst of this pandemic, however, there are leaders of resilient firms that are effectively responding to these changing times. Using a multiple-case inductive enquiry, the paper analyses how leaders activate resilience in small businesses. Employing a process framework, which focuses on sequences of activities and their interrelations which we analyse to uncover how these leaders activated this resilience and explicitly integrated the literature of resilience with that of sensemaking. Resilience emerges when cognition and behaviour work in conjunction, with businesses adapting to combat the crisis. When it comes to global disruptive crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, extant literature provides us with little guidance. The study not only makes a number of contributions to extant literatures but also provides valuable insights and tools to help leaders effectively navigate and respond to this crisis. By doing fast research in real time the paper provides novel and original insights

Exploring Feeding Practices and Food Literacy in Parents with Young Children from Disadvantaged Areas.

Early childhood provides an opportunity to optimize growth and development and parents play a fundamental role in forming healthy eating habits in their children. A healthy diet improves quality of life and wellbeing and reduces the risk of chronic disease. The aim of this research was to explore parents’ experiences of feeding 0–5-year-old children and food literacy behaviors. This qualitative study employed a general inductive inquiry approach. Participants were recruited through community-based parenting organizations in disadvantaged areas. Eight focus groups were conducted with 67 parents (92.5% female) living in socially disadvantaged areas within metropolitan Perth of Western Australia. Ten themes emerged from the preliminary analysis and were aligned with domains of relatedness, autonomy, and competence within the self-determination theory. Themes included relatedness (1) feeding is emotional, (2) variations in routine and feeding structures, (3) external influences, autonomy (4) power struggles, (5) it must be quick and easy, (6) lack of strategies for feeding autonomy, competency (7) whatever works, (8) healthy is important but for some unattainable, (9) improvements in food literacy skills, and (10) conflicting information overload. This research informed the development of a food literacy program for parents. Parents faced many challenges when trying to provide healthy food. This research has shown parents would benefit from support to achieve healthy eating practices for their families.

Moving Away from Category Exclusivity Deals to Sponsorship Activation Platforms: The Case of the Ryder Cup

As a biennial event, the Ryder Cup is a men’s golf competition between teams from Europe and the United States. Ernst & Young (EY) and Standard Life Investments (SLI), who are in same business category (i.e., financial services), have served as official partners of the event in recent years. While the two firms are willing to move away from the traditional sponsorship practices of category exclusivity deals, both have been able to achieve significant success through their collaborative efforts in activating their sponsorships. This is a new, fascinating phenomenon in both sponsorship concept and practice. Through an exploratory inductive inquiry process, in this study we conduct a case analysis by examining the sponsorship activations of EY and SLI at the 2014 Ryder Cup event held in the UK. The findings demonstrate that social media plays an impactful role in the companies’ ability to engage target audiences. EY used the Ryder Cup captain as a brand ambassador, who embodied its sponsorship theme of leadership and teamwork. SLI focused on running advertising campaigns to build company image and increase brand awareness.

Transdisciplinary science for improved conservation outcomes

SummaryMajor advances in biology and ecology have sharpened our understanding of what the goals of biodiversity conservation might be, but less progress has been made on how to achieve conservation in the complex, multi-sectoral world of human affairs. The failure to deliver conservation outcomes is especially severe in the rapidly changing landscapes of tropical low-income countries. We describe five techniques we have used to complement and strengthen long-term attempts to achieve conservation outcomes in the landscapes and seascapes of such regions; these are complex social-ecological systems shaped by interactions between biological, ecological and physical features mediated by the actions of people. Conservation outcomes occur as a result of human decisions and the governance arrangements that guide change. However, much conservation science in these countries is not rooted in a deep understanding of how these social-ecological systems work and what really determines the behaviour of the people whose decisions shape the future of landscapes. We describe five scientific practices that we have found to be effective in building relationships with actors in landscapes and influencing their behaviour in ways that reconcile conservation and development. We have used open-ended inductive enquiry, theories of change, simulation models, network analysis and multi-criteria analysis. These techniques are all widely known and well tested, but seldom figure in externally funded conservation projects. We have used these techniques to complement and strengthen existing interventions of international conservation agencies. These five techniques have proven effective in achieving deeper understanding of context, engagement with all stakeholders, negotiation of shared goals and continuous learning and adaptation.