Inductance Extraction Research Articles

Assessment of sedative and anxiolytic activities of fruit extract of Vitex doniana (black plum)

This research study was aimed at investigating the common folkloric use of Vitex doniana fruit extract for induction of sleep. Extraction of the fruit extract was carried out with 80 %v/v ethanol. Acute toxicity study and qualitative phytochemical screening of the extract were also done. Twenty-five adult mice divided into five groups (n=5) were used for both the anxiolytic study and the phenobarbital-sleeping time analysis tests. Groups I and II served as negative (distilled water 10 ml/kg) and positive (diazepam 1 mg/kg i.p.) controls, respectively. Groups III, IV and V received the extracts of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg p.o., respectively. The effect of extract on time spent in and number of entries into the open arms and closed arms when compared to control were noted. The effect on onset and duration of sleep -were also noted. The extract was found to be relatively safe. Secondary metabolites like tannins and flavonoids were present. There was a dose-related significant (p < 0.05) increase in time spent on the open arm and a decrease in time spent on closed arm when compared to the negative control. Dose-related significant (p < 0.05) decrease in time for sleep onset and increase in duration of sleep when compared to negative control were also observed. From the results of this study, the folkloric use of this fruit extract for the induction of sleep and relaxation seem to be justified.

Ocimum Tenuiflorum Linne: A Narrative Review

Indonesia's diverse flora offers significant potential for medicinal plant production, yet reliance on anecdotal experiences prompts a deeper examination. This study focuses on Ruku-ruku (Ocimum Tenuiflorum Linne), traditionally a culinary herb in West Sumatra. Despite its local culinary use, Ruku-ruku remains largely unexplored for medicinal properties, emphasizing the importance of phytochemical screening to uncover its therapeutic potential. Ocimum Sanctum, known as Holy Basil or Tulsi, holds sacred status in India and boasts a rich history documented in ancient medical texts. This study aimed to review the evidence for therapeutic efficacy and botanical and chemical aspects. The research methodology, employing a narrative literature review, assesses 40 studies (2015-2023). Results underscore Tulsi's holistic benefits, covering metabolic disorders, cardiovascular and cognitive health, infections, cancer prevention, oral health, wound healing, and weight management. Diverse formulations, from essential oils to capsules and gels, highlight the extensive applications of Ocimum Tenuiflorum Linne. The study explores botanical and chemical aspects, including shoot induction and essential oil extraction. Ocimum Sanctum's adaptogenic and antimicrobial properties are discussed, showcasing its potential under stress conditions and against various infections. In conclusion, this review stresses the vast therapeutic potential of Ocimum Tenuiflorum Linne, urging further research to unlock its full medicinal benefits. Integrating traditional wisdom with modern science positions these plants as valuable subjects for pharmaceutical and medicinal applications, potentially addressing contemporary health challenges, including the COVID-19 pandemic. This research contributes to providing information about Ocimum Tenuiflorum Linne and its benefits for health care as therapeutic properties.

Simplified robust two-step model predictive control for permanent magnet synchronous motor

Traditional finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) selects an optimal voltage vector in one control cycle. However, considering multiple control cycles, it cannot be proved that the voltage vector is optimal, and the uncertainty of PMSM parameters seriously affects the prediction accuracy. In order to balance the relationship between switching frequency, steady-state performance, and robustness, a multi-step robust FCS-MPC is proposed. Firstly, an incremental prediction model is established to eliminate the flux linkage of permanent magnets. The inductance parameters in the incremental model are identified online based on the observer and inductance extraction algorithm. Then, based on the principle of no-beat, the candidate voltage vector in two control periods is simplified to get the candidate voltage vector, and the cost function is used to determine the optimal voltage vector again. Finally, the proposed FCS-MPC method is compared with the traditional FCS-MPC method. The experimental results show the effectiveness of FCS-MPC strategy.

Decision-maker roles in healthcare quality improvement projects: a scoping review

ObjectivesEvidence suggests that healthcare quality improvement (QI) projects are more successful when decision-makers are involved in the process. However, guidance regarding the engagement of decision-makers in QI projects is lacking....

An Accurate Power Loop Stray Inductance Extraction Method for SiC MOSFETs Based on Forced Resonance with Decoupling Capacitor

An Accurate Power Loop Stray Inductance Extraction Method for SiC MOSFETs Based on Forced Resonance with Decoupling Capacitor

XRL: An FMM-Accelerated SIE Simulator for Resistance and Inductance Extraction of Complicated 3-D Geometries

XRL: An FMM-Accelerated SIE Simulator for Resistance and Inductance Extraction of Complicated 3-D Geometries

Automatic Design of a Busbar in SiC Controller

This paper proposes a motor controller busbar automatic design method. By using the optimization algorithm, the shortest route connecting all the positive and negative bus terminal connections can be found. With the improved PEEC method, parasitic inductance of the bus bar can be fast extracted. Based on the routing algorithm and inductance extraction method, the genetic algorithm is used to widen the laid lines and make them into stacked busbars This method can be used for a rapid prototype converter design, and provides a new optimization path for motor controller in EV application.

Is epidural analgesia an independent risk factor for OASIS? A population-based cohort study.

To evaluate whether epidural analgesia is an independent risk factor for OASIS. A population-based cohort study including all women who delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery or by instrumental delivery beyond 24 weeks gestation was conducted. Deliveries occurred between 1988 and 2016 at a large university tertiary medical center. Women with multiple gestations and those lacking prenatal care were excluded from the analysis. During the study period, 252,542 women delivered at the Soroka University Medical Center and met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 583 (0.23%) were diagnosed with OASIS. Women with OASIS were more likely to be younger, nulliparous, with suspected fetal macrosomia, had higher rates of labor induction and vacuum extraction delivery, higher rates of conceiving after infertility treatments, more advanced gestational age at delivery, higher mean birth weight, higher rates of post-partum hemorrhage and need for blood transfusions. Use of epidural analgesia during pregnancy was significantly high among the OASIS group. Rates of episiotomy were not significantly different between the groups. Using a multimodal logistic regression model, after controlling for vacuum delivery, large for gestational age, nulliparity, gestational age, ethnicity, maternal age, induction of labor, fertility treatments, non-reassuring fetal heart rate and non-progressive second stage of labor, epidural analgesia was found to be significantly associated with OASIS. Epidural analgesia was found to be an independent risk factor for OASIS in our population.

Parameter Robust Deadbeat Predictive Current Control for Open-Winding Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives

Deadbeat predictive current control (DPCC) of open-winding surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (OW-SPMSM) has excellent dynamic and steady-state performance, but it depends heavily on the accuracy of motor model parameters (resistance, inductance, and flux linkage). To eliminate the influence of parameter mismatch and retain the fast dynamic performance of the traditional DPCC, a parameter robust DPCC for OW-SPMSM drives is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the incremental prediction model of OW-SPMSM is introduced which eliminates the flux linkage parameters in traditional DPCC. Secondly, the parameter sensitivity analysis shows that the mismatch of resistance parameter hardly affects the current prediction errors of incremental prediction model, which are mainly caused by the mismatch of inductance parameters. Finally, to extract the actual inductance information, an inductance extraction strategy is proposed. Experimental results show that the current control performance of the proposed robust DPCC is not influenced by any motor parameter mismatch, which always has smaller current tracking errors and total harmonic distortion (THD) than traditional DPCC. Moreover, compared with the existing robust DPCC with observers, the proposed DPCC has better dynamic response performance.

High-fidelity circuit simulation of AQFP circuits through compact models extracted from layout

Adiabatic Quantum Flux Parametron (AQFP) superconductor logic circuits rely on magnetic coupling between the gate and clock and control lines to function. Circuit designers start by designing a circuit netlist, selecting parameters to fit design objectives, optimizing the netlist in simulation and then progressing to integrated circuit layout. Hand-designed netlists mostly do not contain all the mutual inductances between inductors. The lack of a complete set of mutual inductances can limit the accuracy of the designed netlist. For a circuit netlist to be an exact representation of the layout, the number of inductors should be equal to the number of fundamental cycles in the netlist graph and all inductors should be coupled. In this paper, we show that full-circuit inductance extraction of AQFP layout where self and mutual inductances are specified by the designer produces small but possibly significant errors due to mismatch between the design schematic and the layout. With compact simulation model extraction, which we added to the InductEx tool chain, a much more accurate simulation model that includes all mutual inductances can be obtained to verify circuit performance after layout. We propose compact model extraction as the final step in cell library characterisation.

Adaptive Stray Inductance Extraction Algorithm Using Linear Regression for Power Module With High Noise Immunity and Accuracy

Stray inductance has great impacts on characteristics of power module and how to extract the inductance accurately is a significant challenge to guide the layout design and application of power module. The inductance during rapid gradient of current poses threaten to power module so the suitable stages for inductance extraction are recommended on account of dynamic characteristics. The existing method extracts inductance by two measure points and accuracy is low, which is influenced by measurement error significantly, so this paper proposes an adaptive stray inductance extraction algorithm, the essence of which is the least square method. The proposed algorithm applies least square method to extract stray inductance by fitting numerous sample points by double pulse test and eliminates the influence of measurement error because the residual obeys normal distribution same with measurement error. As a result, the proposed algorithm is with high noise immunity and accuracy. Finally, a multichips IGBT power module is tested under various conditions to verify the effectiveness of proposed method. Consequently, the error of extracted inductance is less than 5% and consistency is great.

Mice Expressing Cosegregating Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (D298G and N397I) in TLR4 Have Enhanced Responses to House Dust Mite Allergen.

Asthma is a common and ubiquitous chronic respiratory disease that is associated with airway inflammation and hyperreactivity resulting in airway obstruction. It is now accepted that asthma is controlled by a combination of host genetics and environment in a rather complex fashion; however, the link between sensing of the environment and development and exacerbation of allergic lung inflammation is unclear. Human populations expressing cosegregating D299G and T399I polymorphisms in the TLR4 gene are associated with a decreased risk for asthma in adults along with hyporesponsiveness to inhaled LPS, the TLR4 ligand. However, these data do not account for other human genetic or environmental factors. Using a novel mouse strain that expresses homologous human TLR4 polymorphisms (TLR4-single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP]), we directly tested the effect of these TLR4 polymorphisms on in vivo responses to allergens using two models of induction. We report that intact TLR4 is required for allergic inflammation when using the OVA and LPS model of induction, as cellular and pathological benchmarks were diminished in both TLR4-SNP and TLR4-deficent mice. However, in the more clinically relevant model using house dust mite extract for induction, responses were enhanced in the TLR4-SNP mice, as evidenced by greater levels of eosinophilic inflammation, Th2 cytokine production, and house dust mite-specific IgG1 production compared with wild-type mice; however, mucus production and airway hyperreactivity were not affected. These results suggest that the TLR4 polymorphic variants (genes) interact differently with the allergic stimulation (environment).

A Study of Comparison of Effectiveness of Letrozole (5mg) Versus Clomiphene Citrate (100 Mg) by Using Injection Human Placental Extract (HPE) for Ovulation Induction among Infertile Women

Aim & Objective: To compare the efficacy of letrozole and clomiphene citrate (CC) by using injection of Human placental extract (HPE) for ovulation induction in infertile women. Introduction: Human placental extract (HPE) is a product of aqueous extraction from the biochemically enriched fresh human placenta which contains nucleotides, amino acids, peptides and vitamins in natural form. It is available as 2 ml ampule. Each ml. is derived from 0.1 gm. of fresh human placenta. Injection of HPE is used in infertility treatment for its anti-inflammatory property, due to which tubal inflammation is decreased and tubal motility increases which is useful for fertility. This is the hypothetical theory behind use of Injection of HPE for infertility treatment in infertile women. Clomiphene citrate has been traditionally used as drug of the choice for treatment of women with infertility. In the last decade, an aromatase inhibitor, letrozole has emerged as an alternative ovulation induction (OI) agent in anovulatory women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Letrozole has a definitive role in anovulatory women who have not responded to clomiphene citrate therapy and this is confirmed by literatures. Background: Anovulatory dysfunction is a common problem and is responsible for about 40% of female infertility and among causes; PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) is the leading cause. HPE is a product of aqueous extraction from the biochemically enriched fresh human placenta which contains nucleotides, amino acids, peptides and vitamins in natural form. HPE injection- properties: • Specific anti – inflammatory • Tissue repair–wound healing • Immunomodulatory • Melanopoetic • Debridement action It is useful in ovulation induction among infertile women who are infertile due to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) because of its anti-inflammatory property which leads to reduction in tubal inflammation and increased tubal motility. Clomiphene citrate is considered as the first line of treatment for anovulatory dysfunction for a various reason, however Clomiphene citrate has some drawbacks like multi-follicular ovulation and Peripheral anti-estrogenic effect are areas of concern and desire for an effective alternative is need of the hour. An aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, was introduced into infertility practice in the year 2000 and is regarded as a second line option, particularly in women with clomiphene resistance and it has found acceptance in various clinical situations and the indications for its use have expanded. Design: Randomized double blind study. Setting: Scientific Research Institute, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India and a private practice setting. Patients & Methods: The study included 100 women who presented with infertility and were having polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The study participants were divided into 2 groups of 50 each. With these injections, 1 group was given clomiphene citrate (100 mg daily) and another group was given; letrozole (5 mg daily), started from day 3 to day 5 of the menstruation cycle and continued up to 5 consecutive days. Both the groups have received Estradiol Valerate 4 mg. on the 12th day of menstruation until 16th day of menstruation; with visits to determine ovulation and pregnancy, followed by tracking of pregnancies. Selected participants were of age between 20 to 39 years, had normal uterine cavity and had intercourse with male partner with a sperm concentration of at least 14 million per millilitre; and during the study the women and their partners agreed to have regular periodical intercourse with the intent of successful conception. The live birth of baby during the treatment period was the primary outcome. Second Outcome Measures: Follicular growth, endometrial thickness, pregnancy outcome. Results: Women who received Letrozole had more cumulative live births than those women who had received Clomiphene Citrate, (38 out of 50 [76%] vs. 29 out of 50 [58%]) after giving Injection of HPE with these ovulation induction drugs, without significant differences in overall congenital anomalies, with letrozole, as compared to clomiphene, the cumulative ovulation rate was higher. Clomiphene was associated with more numbers of episodes of hot flushes while letrozole was associated with fatigue and dizziness. Rates of other adverse effects were almost similar between these 2 groups. A significant difference in the follicular and endometrial development was evident between these 2 groups. Conclusion: Treatment with Injection of HPE with 2 ovulation induction drugs, Letrozole & Clomiphene Citrate - as compared to clomiphene, letrozole - an aromatase inhibitor, was associated with higher live-birth and ovulation rates in infertile women. The results of the study demonstrated that letrozole is non inferior to clomiphene citrate in the maintenance of endometrial thickness.

Metro Anomaly Detection Based on Light Strip Inductive Key Frame Extraction and MAGAN Network

Abnormal objects in the risk space between the platform door and train will threaten the safe operation of the metro transportation system. However, selecting the right time to perform anomaly detection during the process of metro in and out station is the primary problem. The trouble of lacking abnormal samples, the high imbalance of abnormal categories, and the defects of abnormal regeneration are not well resolved in most reconstruction-based anomaly detection methods. To handle the aforementioned issues, a method based on light strip inductive key frame extraction and patch-level unsupervised network is proposed. The light strip inductive feature is designed to simulate the status of train door movement, which contributes to extracting key frames for anomaly detection. An unsupervised network, which is named metro anomaly generative adversarial network (MAGAN) and based on dilate fine-grained generator, multipatch discriminator, and local attention reconstruction loss, is proposed for anomaly classification and localization. Our network only utilizes normal samples for training and greatly suppresses the reconstruction of abnormalities by dilate fine-grained generators during testing. The discriminator and local attention reconstruction loss promote the interaction of global and local information in the image and provide a new multipatch-based anomaly localization scheme. The proposed method is tested on the metro risk space anomaly dataset, and the AUCs of anomaly classification and localization achieve 97.2% and 96.4%, respectively, which outperforms those of the state-of-the-art methods.

Субъективные представления россиян о жизненной успешности

Background. Ve modern world requires to search for a new rationality and move away from one-line models of development. Ve phenomenon of a “complex society” emerges, imposing that a person needs to determine his own value-semantic coordinates of success in life and build a life project, taking into account diXculties and possible changes. Ve importance of understanding success, presented as a value and a unifying principle in the development of modern society, and its models is growing. In this regard, the study of subjective ideas about success in life as an important component of an individual’s ideas about himself and the world is of particular relevance. Objective. Ve study aims to identify the most stable components of subjective representations about success in life of a russian respondents. Sample. Empirical study was conducted on a sample of 705 respondents from various regions of the Russian Federation. Veir age ranged from 18 to 60 years. Respondents presented diWerent social status, gender and professional aXliations. Methods. Ve study used the author’s questionnaire “Success in Life”, which required an expanded answers to Ynish incomplete statements on their ideas about success in life (Deeva, 2020). Information was collected in person and remotely (using Google Forms). Ve empirical data obtained were summarized and processed with a content-structuring analysis based on inductive category extraction. Descriptive statistics was applied to identify the most generalized categories, including subjective ideas about success in life, characteristic of the entire sample. Results. Ve generalized categories of subjective representations about life success are revealed: signiYcant values; a process that is realized through the orientation of a personality “on oneself ”, “on business”, “on others”; set of achievements (results); conditional complexity/unilaterality. A meaningful description of each identiYed category is given with the provision of quantitative data on the frequency of their occurrence. Ve predominance of the orientation “on oneself ” manifested in the designation of self-realization processes and life enjoyment is revealed. It was found that in the “result” category, the tendency to “have” beneYts is most pronounced as compared to the tendencies to “be” and “achieve” goals accompanied by a partial representation of the result. Almost half of the respondents showed unilateral representations about life success, namely, including them in the description of ideas in one category. Along with this, constructive characteristics of representations about life success were revealed: the traditional nature of the most signiYcant values (family, work, material well-being, health). Some of respondents have an orientation “to others” and a tendency “to be”. Conclusion. Ve results obtained made it possible to compile a generalized picture of the subjective representations about the life success of a modern personality (using the example of Russians), which outlines the common features as well as reveals the most acute problems. Ve identiYed diXculties can signiYcantly complicate the lives of respondents in the modern world of uncertainty and variability, while the constructive moments are the basis for the most conscious subjective ideas about success in life.

Determining the temperature-dependent London penetration depth in HTS thin films and its effect on SQUID performance

The optimum design of high-sensitivity Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) and other devices based on thin high-temperature superconductor (HTS) films requires accurate inductance modeling. This needs the London penetration depth λ to be well defined, not only at 77 K, but also for any operating temperature, given the increasingly widespread use of miniature low-noise single-stage cryocoolers. Temperature significantly affects all inductances in any active superconducting device, and cooling below 77 K can greatly improve device performance; however, accurate data for the temperature dependence of inductance and λ(T) for HTS devices are largely missing in the literature. We report here inductance measurements on a set of 20 different thin-film YBa2Cu3O7−x SQUIDs at 77 K with thickness t = 220 or 113 nm. By combining experimental data and inductance modeling, we find an average penetration depth λ(77)=391 nm at 77 K, which was independent of t. Using the same methods, we derive an empirical expression for λ(T) for a further three SQUIDs measured on a cryocooler from 50 to 79 K. Our measured value of λ(77) and our inductance extraction procedures were then used to estimate the inductances and the effective areas of directly coupled SQUID magnetometers with large washer-style pickup loops. The latter agrees better than 7% with experimentally measured values, validating our measured value of λ(77) and our inductance extraction methods.

SuperVoxHenry: Tucker-Enhanced and FFT-Accelerated Inductance Extraction for Voxelized Superconducting Structures

This paper introduces SuperVoxHenry, an inductance extraction simulator for analyzing voxelized superconducting structures. SuperVoxHenry extends the capabilities of the inductance extractor VoxHenry for analyzing the superconducting structures by incorporating the following enhancements. 1. SuperVoxHenry utilizes a two-fluid model to account for normal currents and supercurrents. 2. SuperVoxHenry introduces the Tucker decompositions to reduce the memory requirement of circulant tensors as well as the setup time of the simulator. 3. SuperVoxHenry incorporates an aggregation-based algebraic multigrid technique to obtain the sparse preconditioner.

Power module stray inductance extraction: Theoretical and experimental analysis

We propose a stray inductance extraction method on power modules of the few-kilovolts/several-hundred-amperes class using only low voltages and low currents. The method incorporates a double-pulse generator, a level shifter, a switching device, and a load inductor. The conventional approach generally requires a high voltage of more than half the power module's rated voltage and a high current of around half the rated current. In contrast, the proposed method requires a low voltage and low current environment regardless of the power module's rated voltage because the module is measured in a turn-off state. Both theoretical and experimental results are provided. A physical circuit board was fabricated, and the method was applied to three commercial power modules with EconoDUAL3 cases. The obtained stray inductance values differed from the manufacturer-provided values by less than 1.65 nH, thus demonstrating the method's accuracy. The greatest advantage of the proposed approach is that high voltages or high currents are not required.

Investigation of the impact of a standard lightning impulse on the structure of an 11/0.415 kV distribution transformer

In this paper a model has been proposed to investigate the effect of Standard Lightning Impulses at voltages below the Basic Insulation Level (BIL) on winding geometry, based on the extraction of resistances, inductances, capacitances and conductance using Finite Element Method (FEM) and the resultant structural movement. The winding and insulation in a transformer can be subjected to overvoltage surges i.e. lightning strikes and switching events. If the frequency component of the incoming transient surges matches the resonance frequency zone of the transformer windings, the amplification and attenuation of the overvoltages along the windings may result in abnormal voltage stress on the conductors of the winding. Hence, the monitoring of electromagnetic forces and the resultant mechanical stresses are of paramount importance in the minimization of the occurrence of mechanical failure in transformers. The Standard Lightning Impulse (SLI) was induced at the outermost layer of the High Voltage (HV) winding of the 11/0.415 kV transformer and resultant electromagnetic forces acting in axial and radial directions were computed. The computed directional forces were in turn induced to the winding structure to observe the structural behavior. The FEM model was tested using an SLI with a voltage, 35 kV, below the BIL of this class of transformer. The modeling showed that the axial and radial forces impinge a mechanical stress in the outer column supports of the winding structure. This model will allow the investigation of buckling within windings at elevated voltages above the BIL.

Http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/224

This study aims to explain the foundations of the critical methodology of Imam Al-Alusi in his recantation of Imam Al- Fakhar Al-Razi opinions. The researcher chose this topic to conduct a study on it because both of the exegeses have great value and high status in exegeses field. They contain various benefits and useful matters in different sciences related to the holy Qur’an. Also, knowing the recantations are of great significance in identifying the foundations on which Imam Al- Alusi critical methodology was based. This paper shows how he applied this methodology to criticize the opinion of past exegetes especially Imam Al-Fakhar Al-Razi. In this study researcher has used the inductive extraction and descriptive method of research to discuss the critical methodology followed by Imam Al- Alusi. He refutes the opinions of Imam Al-Fakhar Al-Razi in various issues related to the exegesis.