Indonesian Ulema Council Research Articles

Subalternitas Penganut Ahmadiyah dalam Novel Maryam Karya Okky Madasari

<p><em>The issuance of the Indonesian Ulema Council (Indonesia: Majelis Ulama Indonesia or MUI) fatwa declaring Ahmadiyya as a deviant sect and its followers as having departed from Islamic teachings has impacted the stereotypes surrounding the majority community. The novel "Maryam" is a work of fiction based on the experiences of Okky Madasari's best friend as an Ahmadiyya adherents. The novel narrates the discrimination and injustice faced by Ahmadiyya adherents and serves as a form of social criticism by the author towards the subaltern discourse surrounding Ahmadiyya adherents. This research aims to identify the various forms of subalternity experienced by Ahmadiyya adherents in the novel "Maryam". The research specifically examines the different forms of subalternity imposed by the majority group against Ahmadiyya adherents based on the concept of subalternity, which refers to the oppressed who lack access to voice their concerns developed by Spivak. The utilization of critical discourse analysis in this research helps identify and categorize the various forms of subalternity through the predetermined data corpus. The compiled data corpus is the primary source for the researcher to describe, interpret, and analyze the text, context, and discourse in the novel "Maryam". The data corpus will be analyzed through three stages: 1. Description, 2. Interpretation, and 3. Explanation. The research results indicate that the forms of subalternity depicted by the author in the novel "Maryam" include marginalization and silencing. </em></p>

PERLINDUNGAN HAK SPIRITUAL KONSUMEN MUSLIM DALAM PROGRAM SERTIFIKASI HALAL JALUR PERNYATAAN PELAKU USAHA (SELF DECLARE)

The end of the Government Regulation in Lieu Law No. 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation significantly changes the Halal Product Guarantee Law. The Indonesian Ulema Council is no longer authorized to issue fatwas on products filed under the Self Declare program. The transition from the Fatwa Commission to the Fatwa Committee, whose members are academics and ulama, as well as the accelerated halal certification program for institutions under the Ministry of Religion, may provide opportunities for violations for both business actors and PPH assistants, potentially affecting the spiritual rights of consumers. This article examines the government's strategy for promoting the halal business through self-declaration and comprehending the notion of ensuring Muslim customers' spiritual rights in the self-declare halal certification program. This normative legal research article has a conceptual, statutory, and case approach. This research is classified as library research since it relies on library materials as a normative legal research data source. According to the study's findings, the self-declare program is one of the government's methods for achieving 10 million halal certificates by 2024. However, this program needs further evaluation, particularly in terms of supervision. If PPH assistants and business actors apply the provisions of the Law, the spiritual rights of consumers as part of their religious rights granted by the Constitution can be fulfilled.

Legality of Use of Cryptocurrency as a Marriage Dowry in Indonesia Perspective Compilation of Islamic Law and the Indonesian Ulama Council

In recent years, there has been a shift in giving dowries from dowries in the form of money, gold and other goods whose physical form is shifted to digital dowries such as cryptocurrency dowries, a digital currency using blockchain technology. The research focus and objectives of this research are to find out 1) What is the phenomenon of using cryptocurrency as a wedding dowry in Indonesian society. This type of research is normative legal research. The approach in this research uses the Statute Approach and the Case Approach and the Statute Approach. The technique for collecting legal materials is carried out using documentation methods. The results of this research show that the phenomenon of using cryptocurrency as a dowry among Indonesian people, especially Indonesian Muslims, has varied views and not a single perspective.

Redefining Jihad in Da’wah Against Radicalism Among Female Ulama in West Java

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the construction of jihad through redefining jihad within the context of da’wah (religious outreach) against radicalism among female ulama (clerics) in West Java. The study aims to understand the meaning, motives, and experiences associated with this construction of jihad, particularly in the context of addressing religious radicalism affecting women in the regions of Garut, Tasikmalaya, and Tasikmalaya City.
 
 Method: The research methodology employed is constructivist qualitative, utilizing data collection techniques such as interviews, observation, and documentation. Purposive sampling was used to select informants, including female ulama, women leaders and activists, radicalism observers, and members of the Executive Board of the Indonesian Ulama Council in the specified districts. The study focuses on the religious approach taken through da'wah in women's taklim assemblies (Islamic study groups) to construct jihad as a solution to the problem of religious radicalism among women.
 
 Result: The study reveals several key aspects of the construction of jihad in da’wah against radicalism among female ulama: Meaning of Jihad: The jihad of female clerics involves preaching, contextualization within hijrah (migration), attendance at taklim assemblies, and fostering diversity. Motives for Jihad: Motives include healing women's psychological wounds, providing a dialogue space for congregations, fostering tolerance among congregations, addressing radicalism targeting women, and broadening women's understanding of moderate and humanist Islamic teachings. Experiences of Jihad: Experiences of jihad include participation in taklim assembly studies, engaging in open dialogic spaces, assisting the wives of former terrorist convicts, providing mental health therapy, critiquing da'wah on social media, strengthening national insight, and providing education on the rights and relationships of husbands and wives in the family.
 
 Conclusion: In conclusion, the study demonstrates that the construction of jihad in da’wah against radicalism among female ulama involves multifaceted meanings, motives, and experiences. The efforts of female ulama in addressing religious radicalism encompass preaching, dialogue, education, and psychological support. By redefining jihad in this manner, female ulama contribute significantly to countering radicalism, fostering tolerance, and promoting a broad, moderate understanding of Islam among congregations, particularly women, in the specified regions of West Java.

Opportunities And Challenges For Indonesian Halal Certification

This research aims to look at the opportunities and challenges of halal certification in Indonesia. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Indonesian people are currently competing to obtain halal guarantee letters or halal certificates, so the government through related institutions continues to strive to help business actors to be able to obtain halal product guarantees from the government. So that the work on halal certification can develop over time. This article aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges of halal certification in Indonesia in the period after the issuance of regulations regarding Halal Product Guarantee (JPH). Halal certification was initially under the authority of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), then after the JPH Law was issued, halal certification was delegated to BPJPH (Halal Product Guarantee Organizing Agency) which is under the control of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. This could also be imitated by various changes in policies related to halal certification. With the existence of BPJPH, halal certification for every business actor becomes mandatory. Research on halal certification is still relevant today.

Model of Stakeholder Engagement in Halal Tourism Ecosystems in Rural Areas

This study aims to explore stakeholder engagement models in halal tourism ecosystems in rural areas. The research focuses on understanding how stakeholders’ involvement in production, services, infrastructure, and human resources (HR) in the field of halal tourism in rural areas contributes to building an ecosystem. The analysis, based on the concept of Halal in the tourism industry, aims to provide clarity to the Halal ecosystem within hotel, culinary, and tourist destination businesses. The urgency of this research lies in identifying, analyzing, and evaluating the involvement of each stakeholder as a component of the halal tourism ecosystem, with particular emphasis on government regulations. The research adopts a qualitative method using a case study approach within a constructivist paradigm. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) are conducted to gather data. The primary objectives of this research are to develop a model of the Halal Tourism Ecosystem and provide recommendations for synergizing and optimizing the potential of halal tourism from each stakeholder. Four villages in West Java, namely Dayeuh Kolot Village, Alam Endah Village, Cisayong Village, and Sukalaksana Village, were selected as research locations using purposive sampling. Informants representing various sectors, such as hotels, restaurants, tourist attractions, halal centers, the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), regional governments, and elected village heads, were involved in the research. The findings reveal that the construction of a halal tourism ecosystem involves six stakeholder components that interact and relate to each other during implementation. These stakeholders include the Ministry of Tourism of the Republic of Indonesia as the ”leading sector” responsible for regulating tourism development in various regions. The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) issues Fatwas to align tourism activities with the principles of the Qur’an and Hadith. Regional leaders play a vital role in policymaking, providing infrastructure, and supporting human resource development and funding for halal tourism initiatives. Tourism business actors, such as hotel owners, managers, tourist attractions, restaurants, and tourism bureaus, commit to capitalizing on halal tourism opportunities within their business operations. While the ideal halal tourism industry ecosystem relies on active involvement and proper execution of roles by all stakeholders, the study identifies challenges. Awareness and achievement of the vision and mission among stakeholders in developing halal tourism remain low due to suboptimal communication, coordination, and collaboration. Therefore, the government’s role is vital in acting as a conductor, harmonizing the efforts of stakeholders in the development of Indonesia’s halal tourism industry.
 Keywords: engagement model, halal ecosystem, tourism stakeholders

Islamic Bank: Fatwa Perspective from The National Sharia Council of The Indonesian Ulama Council on Resolving Financing Problems

Financing in Islamic banks has a level of risk that the possibility of default occurs, so it is necessary to analyze the correct financing by bank staff so as not to cause losses and require handling that is fast, precise and in accordance with sharia provisions. This study aims to determine the efforts to resolve problematic financing, the factors causing problematic financing and the suitability of the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council with existing financing at PT.BPRS Amanah Ummah. Qualitative-descriptive method by collecting data through interviews and documentations. During 2022, the percentage of non-performing financing at PT.BPRS Amanah Ummah Bogor Branch is 0% lower than the maximum percentage limit for non-performing financing determined Bank Indonesia of 5%, the performance of PT.BPRS Amanah Ummah Bogor Branch in 2020 -2022 is categorized as very healthy. Efforts made by PT.BPRS Amanah Ummah in dealing with problematic financing, namely taking an intensive approach to financing customers, providing customer summons, rescheduling and selling joint guarantees. Factors causing problematic financing consist of bank internal factors and bank external factors. Settlement of non-performing financing at PT.BPRS Amanah Ummah with the DSN-MUI Fatwa is in accordance with the review of the DSN-MUI Fatwa No.48/DSN-MUI/II/2005 concerning rescheduling murabahah bills and DSN-MUI Fatwa No.47/DSN-MUI /II/2005 concerning the settlement of murabahah receivables for customers unable to pay.

Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Produk Makanan Kemasan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) yang Tidak Bersertifikasi Halal di Kota Jambi

Halal certificati for food and beverage products is highly important, especially for Muslim consumers, in order to provide convenience options. Law No.33 of 2014 Concerning Halal Product Guarantees (UUJPH) has clearly regulated that every imported, distributed, and available products in the Indonesian market are required to be halal-certified. This study specifically aims to: 1) Analyze consumer protection toward packaged food products of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that are not halal-certified in Jambi City, 2) Analyze the limitations toward the halal- certified packaged food products of MSME players in Jambi City, 3) Analyze government supervision toward the packaged food products of MSME players in Jambi City. This study is using a Juridical Empirical method, and the specifications are descriptive. The result shows: Consumer protection for packaged food products of MSMEs that are not halal certified in Jambi City has not been optimally provided. This is due to many enterprise hasn't register the product yet to get halal certification on Halal Office of Jambi Province. 2. Limitations to the MSME players of packaged food products that are not halal-certified in Jambi City includes: 1) lack of understanding among business players regarding halal certification, 2) incomplete documents, 3) business products are not fully developed/unstable, 4) expensive costs, 5) yet to renew the halal certification and 6) do not have time to register halal certification. 3. Government supervision on the packaged food products that are not halal-certified in Jambi City is in fact the duty of BPJPH. In fact, the supervision is not in accordance with the current regulation, therefore, it is necessary to partner with other institutions, such as Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM), Health Department, Animal Husbandry Service and the whole population.

Perbandingan Hukum Cryptocurrency Sebagai Alat Tukar Menurut Fatwa MUI dengan Perspektif Ustadz Adi Hidayat

The purpose of this research is to enhance knowledge about the rights related to cryptocurrency law for readers and to provide an understanding of Ustadz Adi Hidayat's views on the MUI fatwa regarding the use of cryptocurrency. This research is used to analyze the comparison between the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) fatwa and Ustadz Adi Hidayat's perspective. The research is conducted using a library research method, which involves using literature as a data source. The data collected come from various library materials, scholarly works, books, YouTube, online media, and others related to the discussion of using bitcoin in transactions. The approach used is a normative approach, studying the position of bitcoin as electronic currency.The results of this research are as follows: First, from Ustadz Adi Hidayat's perspective, cryptocurrency is considered haram (prohibited) because it contains elements of harm (dharar) and uncertainty (gharar). Second, the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) fatwa states that cryptocurrency is haram due to the presence of harm (dharar), uncertainty (gharar), and gambling (qimar). However, it is deemed legally valid as a medium of exchange if the asset meets the conditions of being a lawful commodity (sil'ah) and has clear underlying assets and benefits.

STATUS OF CHILDREN OF AHMADIYYA MARRIAGE BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC SHARIA AND LAW NO. 1/1974

This research focuses on the status and position of children resulting from marriages between Muslim women and Ahmadiyya men or vice versa. In terms of Islamic law, the Indonesian Ulama Council said that the Ahmadiyya sect is not a Muslim religion. If Ahmadis marry Muslim women, it will have implications for the status of their children, namely the status of children from marriages with Ahmadiyya from the perspective of the Islamic Shari'at Court with positive law. In this case the positive law in Indonesia indirectly gives magnitude norms so that it has an impact on the status of interfaith marriages so that all children born from these marriages, their civil relations must be registered with the civil registry. Thus, this shows that the civil rights of children out of wedlock which have implications for civil rights, nafaqah (living expenses), guardianship, and inheritance, are obtained from the father and his father's family as long as these problems only apply to same-religious marriages. As for civil rights to children out of wedlock who are not based on out of wedlock such as the result of adultery, incest, living together and the like or even interfaith marriages, the civil rights are only for the mother and the mother's family.

MURABAHA FINANCING OF THE INDONESIAN ISLAMIC BANKS UNDER AN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC LAW AND THE FATWA DSN MUI

This study conducts a thorough analysis of the practice of Murabaha financing within Islamic banks, contextualized within the framework of Islamic economic law and the influential Fatwa issued by the Indonesian Ulema Council (Majelis Ulama Indonesia - MUI). Murabaha, a fundamental mode of Islamic finance, involves a cost-plus-profit arrangement that adheres to Shariah principles. This analysis delves into the core principles of Islamic economic law, which include fairness, transparency, and adherence to ethical financial conduct, and investigates how these principles are manifested in Murabaha transactions. Central to this examination is the Fatwa issued by the MUI, which serves as a guiding regulatory framework for Murabaha financing. This Fatwa provides essential guidelines to ensure the compatibility of Murabaha transactions with Shariah principles and ethical practices. By exploring the origins, key features, and benefits of Murabaha financing as guided by the MUI Fatwa, this study highlights the intricate dynamics through which Islamic banks in Indonesia operationalize this financing mode while upholding the tenets of Islamic economic law.

الإجارة المنتهية بالتمليك

This research focuses on fiqh issues disputed by the Syafi'i Madzhab Ulema with the Three Other Madzhab Imams in the book of Ijarah Muntahiyah Bittamlik and the results of the decision of the Indonesian Ulema Council on this issue. Which is taken from the collection of fatwa decisions of the Indonesian Ulema Council and the book Ahkamul Fuqoha'. The aim of this research is to provide a clear description of the fiqh issues that are disputed by those in the Ijarah book and the reasons for their differences, and to explain the influence of the legal decisions of the Syafi'i madzhab on these issues with the legal decisions of the Indonesian Ulema Council. This research is descriptive qualitative library research using comparative methods.
 The findings in this problem are that the opinions of the Shafi'i madzhab in the book of Ijarah have an influence on the fatwas of the Indonesian Ulema Council in the law of Ijarah Muntahiyah Bittamlik. The reasons for differences of opinion between the two in the book of Ijarah Muntahiyah Bittamlikare: differences in the assessment of a hadith, the rules of proposal, ijtihad using qiyas, and the meaning of Arabic lafadz. In this matter, the opinion of the Indonesian Ulema Council is in accordance with the Shafi'i school of thought on these two issues.
 The issues disputed by them are matters of ijtihadiyyah; therefore, they should not be the cause of division, and it is permissible to follow the opinions of different scholars in the sect, but considering a difference to be acceptable does not prevent it from explaining the truth, so for a Muslim from among A student of Sharia knowledge is obliged to follow the opinion that he considers to be correct, while a layman is obliged to take the opinion of the person whom he considers to be the most pious and the most virtuous.
 Key words: Ikhtilaf,Ijarah Muntahiyah Bittamlik, Indonesian Ulema Council, and four schools of thought

PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION OF THE #BUBARKANMUI MOVEMENT

The campaign narrative for the dissolution of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) invited many comments from netizens on social media to develop into a digital social movement to urge the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) to be dissolved because one of its members was arrested by the police regarding the issue of terrorism. This news had become a trending topic on Twitter and threatened the existence of MUI as a forum for Islamic community organizations in Indonesia. To analyze these problems, researchers used the Network Society theory with a quantitative approach and the Social Network Analysis (SNA) method to analyze it. This study aims to analyze actors’ conversations in voicing new social movements through the #BubaranMUI hashtag. Through the spread of a communication network on the hashtag #BubarkanMUI, it was found to be an effort of a digital social movement that was echoed by political actors through a single Twitter account as well as building fake accounts as alter egos for intermediaries and network close relations to spread negative comments about MUI and spread communication networks as a public call through media atwitter and gain support from Twitter users to disband the MUI.

The Development of Digital Da'wah at The Indonesian Ulema Council of South Sulawesi Province

Digital da'wah is a response to the dynamics of technological development in the lives of Muslim communities. The proselytizers are transforming and adapting from the phenomenon of conventional da'wah to digital da'wah. This research aimed to reveal the response of the Indonesian Ulema Council (IUC) of South Sulawesi Province to the development of digital da'wah construction amidst changes in the transformation of da'wah with its various dynamics and problems. This qualitative research was conducted at the IUC of South Sulawesi Province located in Makassar. The approach in this research was interdisciplinary by looking at the phenomenon of society and proselytizers conveying their da'wah via digital. The data source was obtained from the IUC of South Sulawesi Province website at https://muisulsel.or.id/ and the researcher conducted interviews with core administrators such as the general chairman, secretary general, commission for da'wah and Islamic community development, and communications and informatics commission at the IUC of South Sulawesi Province. The finding of this research revealed that the IUC of South Sulawesi Province has innovated in responding to technology through digital da'wah. The progress of digital da'wah allowed the IUC of South Sulawesi Province to explain Islamic messages to individual believers and groups so that they reminded each other and connected in accessing digital da'wah. The digital da'wah phenomenon at IUC of South Sulawesi Province referred to the use of digital technology and online platforms to spread religious messages and Islamic da'wah. The IUC of South Sulawesi Province was developing digital da'wah. The digital da'wah developed by the IUC of South Sulawesi Province consisted of six forms, including social media, podcasts and streaming video, da'wah communication websites, live streaming, social campaigns and activism, as well as e-books and digital publications. The idea of developing digital da'wah carried out by the IUC of South Sulawesi Province raised the hope that the proselytizers would be able to reach all groups in spreading divine and prophetic messages. The perfection of digital da'wah also needed to be developed as ideally as possible, such as by adding aspects of Islamic media applications, da'wah applications, and online Islamic learning platforms.

Scientific Consideration in the Concept of Islamic Law in Indonesia

This study aims to incorporate scientific consideration in the application of falakiyah fatwas of the Indonesian Ulema Council and maps the patterns of the nexus between religion and science in those fatwas. This research involved a library study and a qualitative method. The approaches took into account ushūl fiqh and scientific approaches. With regard to the theoretical fundamentals, this research adheres to cum-doctrinaire introduced by A. Mukti Ali and the theory relating to the nexus between religion and sciences by Ian G. Barbour. The primary data were sourced from six falakiyah fatwas by the Indonesian Ulema Council from 1976-2010. The data were garnered from documentation and analysed with content analysis. The research results show that scientific studies in falakiyah fatwas of the Indonesian Ulema Council play the following three roles: first, scientific studies are to help understand problems that religious knowledge cannot fathom; second, scientific studies along with syar’ī theorem are referred to as a primary consideration in setting a fatwa; third, the scientific studies serve as the basis of amendments in a fatwa. Unfortunately, Scientific studies are not always consistently taken into account in setting falakiyah fatwah of the council, thereby sparking diverging religious patterns intertwining with sciences in falakiyah fatwas, ranging from conflict relations, independence, and dialogues, to integration.

Halal certification assistance through sociopreneurship education for MSMEs in Tukak Village

Tukak Village has abundant marine product potential and there are several MSMEs that focus on developing marine product processing businesses, one of which is kemplang. Not many kemplang products are halal certified due to lack of awareness and information obtained by business actors so that their market coverage is only at the district level. Halal certification is an important factor in the strategy to increase product sales by providing product halal information as an effort to protect consumers. This community service aims to increase knowledge and facilitate applications for halal certification. The program was carried out with the concept of sociopreneurship education through outreach and assistance to six MSMEs. The result of the program shows an increase in knowledge and awareness of MSME actors about the importance of halal certification for their products. Apart from that, all MSMEs have succeeded in producing halal certification application documents and have submitted them to the Indonesian Ulema Council.

Phronesis Dimension (Al-Syu’ur Al-’Fadhillah) As A New Manhaj Of Contemporary Fiqh: Case Study of Central MUI Fatwa No. 14 of 2021 and East Java MUI Fatwa No. 1 of 2021 on the Law of AstraZeneca’s COVID-19 Vaccine Products

Before the vaccination movement, MUI evaluated the fiqh of various vaccinations in Indonesia, including the contentious AstraZeneca vaccine. The AstraZeneca vaccination was deemed halal by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) of East Java in its Fatwa Number 1 of 2021. Using the justification of istihalah (transforming impure items into something else), East Java MUI pronounced the AstraZeneca vaccination halal. By citing the Shafi’iyah madhhab, which upholds the principle of caution (ikhtiyath), and avoiding controversy, the Central MUI ruled the AstraZeneca vaccine to be haram-mubah because it did not accept istihalah in the process of istinbath pork products contaminated with pork elements and their derivatives (khuruj minal khilaf). The goal of maslahah wal fadhillah, or maximizing profit by prudent and effective preventative measures, is the philosophy of fiqh.

Multicultural Islamic Education in the Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council on Digital Da'wah Ethics

Exclusive, intolerant, and radical da'wah content on various social media platforms is a challenge for Islamic da'wah in today's digital era. This qualitative study through a normative-philosophical approach aims to identify and explore the dimensions of multicultural Islamic education values in the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council of East Java Province Number. 06 of 2022 concerning Da'wah Ethics in the Digital Era. The theory of multicultural Islamic education conceptualized by Azyumardi Azra becomes the theory of analysis of the subject matter of this study. Data analysis through reduction, presentation, and verification. This study shows the content of multicultural Islamic education values in legal provisions related to da'wah ethics in the dital room in the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council of East Java Province, including the value of humanism education in the prohibition of the delivery of da'wah content that spreads hatred and insults even for the reason of amar makruf nahi munkar. Then, the value of tasamuh education in the recommendation of delivering pluralist da'wah content, which is able to respect Islamic beliefs that are still being debated. Furthermore, the value of peace education in advocating the delivery of nationalist da'wah content. Next, the value of wasatiyah education in recommending the delivery of da'wah content that maintains public conduciveness and stability. The theoretical implications of this study affirm that the mainstreaming of multicultural Islamic educational values can be internalized through religious social fatwas in Indonesia, as well as fatwas related to da'wah ethics in the digital space.

SYARIAH FINTECH DALAM PERSPEKTIF MASLAHAH MURSALAH

The increasingly developing Islamic fintech in this technological era needs to be complemented by knowledge. Therefore, this research aims to understand Islamic fintech from the perspective of Islamic law using a descriptive qualitative method. The research methodology employed in this study is a literature review gathered from various sources. The results obtained indicate that Islamic fintech has become a contemporary fiqh discourse that has not been definitively addressed in the Quran and the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Hence, it relies on ijma (consensus of scholars) as its legal source. The Indonesian Ulema Council issued Fatwa DSN-MUI No.117/DSN-MUI/II/2018 regarding Information Technology-Based Financing Services with Sharia Principles. This fatwa is in accordance with Islamic Sharia and has clear legal protections outlined in legislation and regulations.

Pergeseran Hukum Kewarisan Islam di Indonesia dengan Pemberian Wasiat Wajibah Kepada Istri yang Non Muslim Berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 16k/Ag/2010

The problem of Islamic inheritance law is very broad and complex, because it covers the scope of human life and society, from the problems of unborn children to death, so it is impossible to reveal the whole. In one family, if there are several adherents of different religions, namely some who are Muslims and some who are non-Muslims, of course problems will arise, especially problems involving inheritance if one of the family members dies. Regarding inheritance from different religions, Legal Compilation Islam (KHI) does not explicitly state that religious differences are a barrier to inheritance. According to the Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council in number 2, that the gift of property between people of different religions can only be done by means of a gift, will or gift, however, if the heir during his lifetime does not provide the assets are in the form of bequests, wills or gifts, but the Fatwa does not regulate that heirs of different religions can be given the heir's inheritance by means of a Compulsory Will.