Indonesian Policy Research Articles

Maximizing Self-Consumption in Industrial Hybrid PV Systems: A Case Study on Indonesia's Energy Policies

Maximizing Self-Consumption in Industrial Hybrid PV Systems: A Case Study on Indonesia's Energy Policies

Unveiling the Welfare Puzzle: Exploring Fertilizer Subsidy Effects on Farmer's Earnings in Indonesia

This study investigates the unresolved issue of how fertilizer subsidies affect paddy production and farmer income, a critical aspect of Indonesia's agricultural policy that has not been fully understood. By analyzing panel data from 33 provinces between 2019 and 2022 using the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) method, the research explores both income dynamics and productivity. Results reveal that NPK and SP36 fertilizers boost paddy yields by 0.198% and 0.155%, respectively, while UREA and ZA have no significant impact on production. Additionally, rising wages reduce production by 1.343% but increase farmer income by 0.332%. These findings highlight the complexity of balancing productivity with farmer welfare, suggesting that while fertilizer subsidies can enhance yields, they are not a universal solution. Policymakers must consider multifaceted approaches that address both productivity and sustainable income growth to ensure long-term welfare improvements for Indonesian farmers.

Media Perspectives on Indonesian Policies against Illegal Online Gambling: A Framing Analysis

Online gambling is illegal in Indonesia, both legally and socially. Nevertheless, it has gained popularity among various segments of society, including teenagers, adults, and even government employees. This study aims to understand the media's perspective on the handling of online gambling in Indonesia. Utilizing Robert Entman's framing analysis theory, the research focuses on four elements: defining the problem, diagnosing the cause, making moral judgments, and providing treatment recommendations. The sample consists of news articles from Kompas.com between June 2023 and July 2024. The findings reveal that Kompas.com emphasizes government actions such as the arrest of gambling operators, online gamblers, and celebrities promoting online gambling as the defined problem. In diagnosing the cause, the reports highlight online gambling as a complex crime involving international networks and cybersecurity issues. The moral judgment presented by Kompas.com underscores the negative impacts of online gambling, press freedom, and societal morality. The treatment recommendations suggested include stringent enforcement and deterrent penalties, as well as international cooperation to eradicate online gambling in Indonesia.

Implementation Models and Examples of Health Policy in Indonesia

Indonesia's health policy continues to develop in line with changes in community needs and the global situation (Ministry of Health, 2020). However, the implementation of health policies often faces various challenges. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of analyzing examples of health policy implementation in Indonesia, including the problems. The research method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method, namely collecting data from various secondary sources including journals, government reports and other official articles. The terms used in the literature review as a source for writing this journal are implementation, policy, and health. The results of this research show that the implementation of health policy in Indonesia faces various challenges, suchas limited resources, lack of coordination between stakeholders, and cultural barriers, as well as achieving optimal results varies. This also shows that improvements are needed in certain aspects.

Indonesian Migrant Women Workers in Türkiye and Media Representation at Home: Precarity Works and Mediating the State Protection

This qualitative study examines the portrayal of Indonesian migrant women workers in Türkiye by major Indonesian online media outlets from 2019 to 2023. Using content analysis, the research explores dominant media representations surrounding workers in Türkiye's care service and tourism sectors. Findings reveal patterns of precarious work, exploitation, and vulnerability to undocumented employment, particularly involving Syrian employers. The study highlights a significant shift in media coverage from sensationalist reporting to echoing government narratives on combating undocumented migration. This shift aligns with Indonesia's labour-export policy reforms under President Jokowi, which aim to promote labour migration to formal sectors and distance the country's image from domestic worker exports. The research demonstrates how media reflects and reinforces state migrant protection policies through "domesticated protection." However, this approach inadvertently perpetuates victimization and potentially exacerbates vulnerabilities by stigmatizing unofficial migration channels. While intended to safeguard workers, stringent regulations may if not already contribute to increased undocumented migration. By analyzing the nexus between media representation, state policies, and migrant precarities, this study contributes to understanding the complex dynamics of labour migration in an emerging corridor, calling for a more nuanced approach to media coverage, policy-making, and future studies that acknowledges both migrant agency and structural challenges.

Opportunities promoting social inclusion in elementary school learning context: study of Merdeka Curriculum the Indonesian policies on GEDSI (Gender, Disability, and Social Inclusion) framework

Social inclusion is an effort to improve the dignity of disadvantaged individuals so that they can engage in social life. This research explains how the Merdeka Curriculum can direct students as social beings who have character and can accept various roles in the surrounding community. In essence, social inclusion is beginning to take shape and play a crucial role in education. The purpose of this research is to examine the potential of the Merdeka Curriculum policy in promoting social inclusion in the elementary school learning context. Bibliometric analysis is employed to examine publication trends using the Google Scholar database from 2013 to 2023. A total of 760 articles gathered from Publish or Perish are then subjected to data visualization analysis using a VOS viewer to obtain network, overlay, and density visualization. The research findings indicate that studies related to the Merdeka Curriculum significantly increased in 2023 in line with its implementation, but studies addressing social inclusion were relatively scarce. Based on network visualization, 59 terms are grouped into 9 clusters. The term 'Multiculturalism' exhibited a relatively high link strength in connection with terms such as 'new curriculum,' 'modern,' and 'national curriculum' in the current context of the Merdeka Curriculum policy. Other terms found include 'diversity,' 'social inclusion,' and 'social cohesion.' The co-authorship analysis identified 1543 contributing authors. Given Indonesia's multicultural nature, characterized by diversity in various dimensions, Researchers focus the findings of this research as a guide for educators to consistently provide inclusive, comprehensive, and interesting teaching approaches to all students.

Flourishing with food security: why mental health matters for Indonesia's food policy.

Flourishing with food security: why mental health matters for Indonesia's food policy.

Permanent Sovereignty vs. International Obligations

This research analyses Indonesia's policies related to downstreaming and restrictions on raw nickel exports that have caused international debate, especially the European Union which complained against Indonesia to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Dispute Settlement 592 (DS-592). The study explores Indonesia's position as a WTO member that is being questioned for its policy of banning nickel ore exports to the European Union, and examines the DS-592 ruling in relation to the permanent sovereignty debate. This article uses a normative juridical method with doctrinal, comparative, and case approaches. The results show that Indonesia has permanent sovereignty over its nickel ore guaranteed by UN Resolution 1803. Therefore, Indonesia must exercise this sovereignty with due regard to international obligations. Indonesia should learn from China's export regulations as it prioritises export restriction policies rather than export bans. By applying China's approach, Indonesia can prevent the problems that occurred in DS 592. However, a series of nickel downstream policies implemented by Indonesia have violated the provisions of the WTO Agreement. This article also explains that the vacuum of the Appellate Body does not negate the EU's authority to retaliate against Indonesia. This article concludes that Indonesia must implement a policy determining the percentage of downstream nickel ore, as well as nickel ore that will be exported. This conclusion has resulted in the theoretical idea that no sovereignty can be exercised in violation of the country's international obligations. Thus, each country must be able to establish policies that can balance national interests with international obligations. KEYWORDS: Export Restrictions, International Obligations, Nickel Ore, Soverignty, WTO.

ANALISIS MODEL PENGGUNAAN DOMPET DIGITAL PADA KALANGAN MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI MATEMATIKA FMIPA UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA

Due to changes in the payment system caused by technological advancements in Indonesia, Bank Indonesia developed the Indonesia Payment System Blueprint 2025. This formulation focuses on initiatives to create a robust ecosystem that will steer the growth of digital finance in Indonesia, which is the ultimate goal of Bank Indonesia's long-term policy orientation. Bank Indonesia established the National Non-Cash Movement to provide a safe, effective, and seamless payment system. The purpose of this study is to examine the model of digital wallet usage and interpret the use of digital wallets among mathematics students at FMIPA Tanjungpura University. The modeling process begins with selecting parameters and forming assumptions to produce a mathematical model in the form of differential equations, finding equilibrium points, and conducting simulations. Data were obtained from questionnaires about the use of digital wallets distributed to 137 mathematics students in 2019–2022. Interpretation of the model of digital wallet usage among students of the Mathematics Study Program FMIPA Tanjungpura University obtained a cash payment-free equilibrium point obtained as = (,,) = (20.550,0,0) and obtained that the population of students who have the potential to use digital wallets has increased and the population of students who use cash payments has also increased due to the factor of digital wallet balances that have run out and make payments in cash, resulting in a decrease in the population of students who have used digital wallets.

Climate change education in Indonesia’s formal education: a policy analysis

This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of climate change education within the framework of climate change policy and education policy in Indonesia. Employing thematic analysis on twenty climate change policy texts, twelve K-12 education policy texts, and seventeen expert interview transcripts, our study explores the congruency of climate change education in both policy domains. Despite the critical need for coordinated policies to optimise the design and implementation of climate change education, the analysis reveals a significant discrepancy between Indonesia’s climate change policy and education policy regarding this crucial aspect. Four key themes emerged: the marginalisation of climate change education, the lack of synergies between relevant policies and stakeholders, the predominant economic values, and the optimistic future outlook. The study also assesses the alignment between Indonesia’s approach and global trends in climate change education. The findings shed light on critical areas for improvement and development in the integration of climate change education within the Indonesian policy landscape.

Indonesia as a Transit State in Handling Overseas Refugees from the Aspect of Immigration Policy

Indonesia is a key transit country for refugees in Southeast Asia, particularly for those aiming to reach Australia. Despite not having ratified the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees, Indonesia continues to see an increasing number of refugees due to global geopolitical conditions. This increase is not matched by a corresponding increase in refugee absorption quotas by Convention countries. Consequently, Indonesia faces a significant challenge as the number of incoming and transiting refugees exceeds those leaving. The successful handling of Vietnamese refugees over a period of almost 25 years now seems difficult to replicate, with only 13% of foreign refugees and asylum seekers resolving their cases through resettlement or repatriation since 2004. This study aims to analyze Indonesia's immigration policies and their effectiveness in managing the current and uncertain future of foreign refugees. By examining these policies, the study seeks to understand the measures taken by the Indonesian government to address the challenges posed by its position as a transit country.

Algorithmic governance and AI: balancing innovation and oversight in Indonesian policy analyst

Algorithmic governance and AI: balancing innovation and oversight in Indonesian policy analyst

EXPLORING HOW ELEMENTARY ENGLISH TEACHERS IN REGIONAL AREAS TRANSFORMED THEIR TEACHING DURING THE PANDEMIC

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought about many changes in many spheres of life, including education. The country's unique geographic and demographic characteristics challenge Indonesia's government's remote learning policy to preserve education throughout the unprecedented period, including for English teachers in Indonesian regional areas. This study examines how elementary English teachers in regional Indonesia adapt their teaching throughout the pandemic. Through in-depth interviews, the experience of two elementary English teachers who taught before and during the epidemic was investigated in a qualitative study using a case study approach to determine how their teaching changed. The difficulties encountered and the help obtained were also examined. A thematic analysis of the interviews determined that the teaching transformation during the pandemic decreased, though to varying degrees, for each participant. The participants' difficulties contributed to the deterioration, for which the assistance they received was deemed valuable but insufficient. The study's findings indicate that regional English teachers in Indonesian regions request more institutional and governmental support for their teaching. Moreover, cooperation between several sectors is required to improve their education during and after the pandemic.

Analysis of Islamic Law in the Context of Lethal Injection for Terminated Patients in Indonesia

This study delves into the examination of Islamic law within the framework of lethal injection for terminally ill patients in Indonesia. The research focuses on the ethical and legal dimensions surrounding the use of lethal injection as a method of administering end-of-life care for individuals facing terminal illnesses. Employing a comprehensive analysis of Islamic legal literature and scrutiny of Indonesia's legal provisions pertaining to the termination of patients, the study seeks to ascertain the compatibility of lethal injection with Islamic principles. The research adopts a comparative legal analysis approach, comparing the tenets of Islamic law with Indonesia's existing legal framework concerning end-of-life decisions. By exploring the perspectives of prominent Islamic scholars and jurists, the study aims to provide insights into the multifaceted nature of the debate surrounding lethal injection within the context of Islamic law. The findings of this analysis will contribute to the ongoing discourse on ethical considerations and religious perspectives regarding end-of-life care, with implications for Indonesia's healthcare policies and legal regulations in the realm of terminal patient care.

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF JOURNALISM IN THE POLITICAL ADVOCACY OF HEALTH POLICY IN INDONESIA?

In this short commentary article, the complex association between journalism, health policy, and political campaigning in Indonesia is explained, in need of more scholarly expansion. Within those limitations, the paper does alert to the necessary function journalism serves intrinsic to the public discourse that drives health policy recommendations, as well as noting how this has been perverted by misinformation and dwindling faith in the media. The article examines how journalism (including digital and social media) has shaped health policy advocacy and public opinion and highlights the role of the media in health communication campaigns and policy reform. Through scrutiny of its role in health policy advocacy, with a broader look at how journalism roles have shifted over time. In this article, the author demonstrated that journalism is a bridge between health policy experts and the public, enabling a more informed democratic engagement with health policy. These conclusions highlight the need to build a nexus between democratic journalism and health policy advocacy for public health priorities in Indonesia. Keywords: health policy, journalism, political campaign

Implementasi Pelibatan Masyarakat dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan Berdasarkan Instrumen Akreditasi Satuan Pendidikan (IASP) Tahun 2020 di MIN 1 Bandung

Indonesia's education policy is closely linked to other public policies and can change if public policies change. Education requires community participation to produce an effective learning community. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive method located in MIN 1 Bandung. With the committee, some programs run smoothly, and socialization with students can be coordinated easily. The participation of the committee and other elements such as Polsek, Puskesmas, and local RT/RW received positive responses, especially with programs that involve interaction with the surrounding environment and habituation programs that create new habits in the school environment. Community participation or individual participation in the development of self, life, and the environment, which involves two-way interaction between the government and the community.

Legal Policy Against the Crime of Women Trafficking in Indonesia

The National Commission Against Violence against Women, also known as Komnas Perempuan, was established over a decade ago in Indonesia. The ratification of numerous policies to protect women also applies in this situation. Paradoxically, there continues to be a significant number of crimes targeting women, with one such crime being the act of trafficking women. The problem is being defined as follows: 1. What is the legal framework governing the offence of human trafficking in women in Indonesia? The implementation of legal policy against the crime of trafficking in women in Indonesia is assessed. Indonesia's legal policy on criminal trafficking of women has been regulated, but its implementation has not been optimal. This is evident from the increasing number of trafficking cases in the country. The Indonesian government needs to take appropriate measures to reduce or minimize these criminal acts. This can enhance underlying variables, such as economic, social, cultural, and political advancements.

ANTARA HUTAN, INVESTASI, DAN KEMISKINAN: DINAMIKA EMISI KARBON DI INDONESIA

The study assessed the impact of the proportion of forests, Inland Capital Growth (INC), and the number of poor people on carbon emissions in Indonesia. As a country with extensive tropical forests, Indonesia faces the challenge ofining forest sustainability amid the pressure of economic development. Industrial and infrastructure investments often lead to deforestation, increasing carbon emissions, while poor communities that rely on forests carry out environmentally damaging practices. This research filled the gaps in previous studies by exploring how variations in forest proportions, the impact of GDP in various sectors, and the relationship of poverty with land use affect carbon emissions. The study also examines the interactions between the three variables. The results are expected to provide a comprehensive insight into Indonesia's policy strategy for reducing carbon emissions. The double linear regression analysis method tests the influence between these variables. Data obtained from Indonesian Statistics for the period 2000-2022. The analysis results show that the proportion of forests has a negative and significant influence on carbon emissions, which means that increasing forest size can effectively reduce carbon emissions. Moreover, the PMDN has also been found to have a negative, significant impact on carbon emissions, suggesting that domestic investment plays a role in reducing emissions. On the contrary, the number of poor populations has no significant influence on carbon emissions. These findings indicate that policies to increase the proportion of forests and boost the MDGs can be effective strategies to reduce carbon emissions while reducing the number of poor populations does not directly affect carbon emissions.

Legal Policy Impact on Indonesia's Geothermal Industry Development: FDI Cooperation and NDC

Geothermal significantly contributes to the state's energy industry development as a widely available low-carbon, sustainable, and strategic resource. As Indonesia is committed to achieving NZE 2060, renewable energy development is being conducted massively. Seeking Indonesia's geothermal energy potential, several regulations, policies, and schemes are implemented, including investment schemes, as financing plays a vital role in the industry's development. However, establishing a seamless procurement is highly dependent on national law regulations which govern the financing, procurement, and utilizations up to investors benefits. This article identifies international and national regulations on FDI, business schemes, and its alignment with INDC strategic programs, demonstrating Indonesia's commitment. It finds much room for improvement in national law regulation, especially the upcoming RE Draft Bill, as the implementation of established FDI schemes has not met the investor's favors. However, among AMS, Indonesia is the most committed country to achieving NZE. Therefore this article examines the Legal Policy Impact on Indonesia’s Geothermal Industry Development through FDI Cooperation and NDC. This article is conducted in Normative Legal Research and uses the Statutory Approach as its problem approach.

Indonesia's Russia‐Ukraine war stance and the Global South: Between solidarity and transactionalism

AbstractHow does Indonesia's positioning in relation to the Russia‐Ukraine war shape the country's view on global order? President Joko Widodo or Jokowi visited both Russia and Ukraine in June 2022 in the pretext of brokering peace between the two countries. Indonesia though refrained from taking sides in the Russo‐Ukraine war. During his visit, Jokowi stressed the necessity for the war to end. Equally important but of greater significance was his emphasis on the importance of re‐establishing the global supply chains of food, fertiliser, and energy. The resumption of these global supply chains would safeguard Indonesia's economic stability. We argue that domestic determinants were influential in moulding Indonesia's policy position which aimed at shaping Global South solidarity into one privileging Indonesia's transactional stance. The country's economic interests were a key driver shaping its response to the Russia‐Ukraine war. Furthermore, Indonesia's approach towards the war reflected ‘varied consequentialism’ as cost–benefit analysis plays a significant role.