Indonesian Nurses Research Articles

A Comparative Study of Nursing Educational System in Indonesia and Japan

Introduction: According to Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between Indonesia and Japanese governments, Japanese government plans to recruit Indonesian nurses and caregivers to fulfill the demand of those positions at the hospital and health centers. However, to be a qualified worker in Japan, one has to pass a national examination that is conducted by the Minister of Health, Labor and Welfare for a license of a registered nurse within 3 or 4 years of working as a nurse or caregivers, respectively. Method: Having considered that matter, a comparative study of the background of educational systems in Indonesia and Japan is discussed in this paper, with particular reference to the Diploma 3 nursing program. Result: There is no specific difference between Indonesian and Japanese nursing educational systems. Discussion: However, current health condition of the countries remains as the focus of the curriculums where Indonesian nursing education is focusing on communicable disease and surgery nursing, whereas Japanese is focusing on gerontology and chronic disease nursing. In case of qualification method, Japanese nurses should undertake national board examination to be a qualified nurse. On the other hand, there is no national board examination for Indonesian nurses.

Motivation among Indonesian Nurses in Pursuing Continuing Professional Education and Its Relationship to Their Competencies

Background: Nurses are required to maintain the standards of their practice through an informed range of Continuing Professional Education (CPE). However, there is a paucity of evidence exploring the relationship between motivation in pursuing CPE and competency among Indonesian nurses.Purpose: This descriptive correlational study describes the motivation among Indonesian nurses in pursuing CPE and its relationship to their competency outcome performance.Methods: Ninety-three staff nurses were chosen by convenience sampling, informed and gave consent for their voluntary participation in a selected hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Before the data collection, the researchers sought ethical clearance from the respective organizations. Eligible participants were those who have at least one-year hospital experience, naturally born Indonesian, and completed a degree in nursing. Data were collected using adapted, pilot-tested, translated, and validated sets of questionnaires.Results: The findings revealed that most of the nurses were 21–30 years old, married, permanent employees with 1–3 years’ working experience and had earned a degree in nursing. Indonesian nurses had moderate to high motivation in pursuing CPE and exemplified a fair to very good level of competency outcome performance. Results also indicated that among the motivation factors, expectancy was significantly associated with critical thinking (r=0.259, p< 0.012).Conclusion: Motivation among Indonesian nurses in pursuing CPE was at a moderate to high level. As Indonesia emerges as a promising country, leaders need to increase the motivation of nurses in their pursuit of CPE. Highly competent and well-prepared nurses can facilitate a caring and healing environment for patients and contribute to the overall performance of health-care organizations and society.

Perception of Spirituality and Spiritual Care among Muslim Nurses in Indonesia.

This cross-sectional study was conducted to examine 256 Muslim nurses' perception of spirituality and spiritual care in Indonesia. The Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS) was translated and culturally adapted. Moderately high degrees in five domains and total SSCRS were found. Specialty, education level, clinical seniority, having spiritual training, and previous spiritual caring experience could impact on the SSCRS. Most nurses have cared for patients with spiritual needs, but denied having any formal training in providing spiritual care. Providing adequate curriculum and on-job training to equip nurses' knowledge and competence of spiritual care is urgent in Muslim healthcare environment.

An exploration of Indonesian nurses’ perceptions of barriers to paediatric pain management

There is a dearth of research in Indonesia regarding pain management in children. Previous studies have identified that although a variety of research and clinical studies on all aspects of pain have been conducted in many countries, children continue to experience moderate to severe pain during hospitalization. Greater research efforts are needed to identify and explore the factors that impede effective pain management in children. To address this gap, the researchers conducted an exploratory descriptive qualitative study to capture Indonesian nurses’ perceptions of barriers to paediatric pain management in two hospitals. Using purposive sampling, data were collected from 37 nurses through semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Findings indicated that nurses working in Indonesian paediatric wards felt that they were not able to provide effective pain care to hospitalized children. Nurses identified several organizational structural and cultural factors that were thought to hinder their provision of effective pain care to paediatric patients. These factors are embedded in nurses’ clinical practice. The study findings can assist to inform relevant initiatives and strategies to improve clinical nurses’ performance and competency in providing effective pain care to paediatric patients.

Stres Kerja pada Perawat di Rumah Sakit dan Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer

Work stress is related to accidents, violence in the workplace, organizational strain in the form of absenteeism, decreased work performance, increased injury rates and employee turnover. Nurses are professionals who have high risks of occupational stress. The purpose of this study is to get the prevalens of work stress in nurses in Indonesia and the that influencing factors, using the instrument of ENSS Indonesian version. ENSS is an instrument of stress assessment specifically designed for nurses. ENSS has been adapted to the specific working conditions and culture of Indonesia. A total of 124 nurses were recruited, coming from hospitals and primary healthcare facilities. The higher the level of work stress experienced by nurses, the higher the value of measurement. No relationship was found between demographic characteristics and the level of stress in each subscale in both groups of respondents.

The Relationship Of Rewarding With Work Motivation Of Honorary Nurses

Nursing as a science that continues to develop, both due to external pressure and because of internal pressure nursing. One of the problems faced by Indonesian nurses in the health service system is the low standard of reward which can have an impact on nurse performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of rewarding with work motivation of nurses in the Inpatient Room of H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Hospital in Bulukumba Regency, with total sampling taking 48 respondents.This research is a quantitative study using an analytic observational design using a cross-sectional study approach. The results of bivariate fisher analysis showed that the value of the p-value was 0.028 p (<0.05). The value of 0.028 is below the alpha value (0.05), thus there is a relationship between giving rewards with work motivation of nurses.Then it was concluded that there was a relationship between rewarding and work motivation for honorary nurses in the inpatient room of H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Hospital in Bulukumba Regency. Based on the results of the study it is expected to the Hospital to provide more appropriate rewards or awards to improve better nursing services.

A deskilling and challenging journey: the lived experience of Indonesian nurse returnees.

To illuminate the lived experiences of Indonesian nurses who previously worked as caregivers in Japanese residential care facilities, by exploring the journey of becoming returnees. The creation of bilateral agreements between Indonesia and Japan has facilitated the movement of Indonesian nurses to work as caregivers in Japan since 2008. While this decision raised concerns with regard to the degradation of nursing skills, little is known about this issue from the perspective of nurse returnees and how the experience affects their life. A hermeneutic phenomenological method was employed for this study. A purposive sample of 15 Indonesian nurse returnees participated in this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in four of Indonesia's provinces between August and October 2015. Data were analysed thematically, supported by QSR NVIVO 10 software. Four key themes emerged from the data analysis: (i) returning home; (ii) going back to zero; (iii) walking through a difficult journey; and (iv) overcoming barriers. These findings described the lived experiences of nurse returnees when they got back to the country of origin. Indonesian nurse returnees experienced deskilling and struggled to re-enter the nursing profession or to find other non-nursing jobs. The significant impact of this migration on individual nurses with regard to maximizing the benefits of return migration deserves further investigation. The Indonesian government, jointly with other stakeholders, should develop a brain gain strategy to align returnees' expertise with the needs of the national labour market. The public-private partnership should be strengthened to utilize returnees in healthcare services.

The Analysis of Register as Professional Identity Used by Indonesian Nurses in Community Health Center

The Analysis of Register as Professional Identity Used by Indonesian Nurses in Community Health Center

EXPLORING HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS: KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND BEHAVIOR OF EMERGENCY NURSES WORKING IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA

Background: Healthcare associated Infections (HAIs) is considered being the most serious patient safety issue in health care settings and nurses in Emergency Department (ED) face greater risk of exposure to infectious pathogens.
 Objective: The objectives of this study were to examine knowledge, attitude and behavior towards HAIs of Indonesian nurses working in ED and to examine the relationship among the above three variables.
 Method: A cross-sectional study with self-reported survey was conducted at four hospitals in Bandung, Indonesia. The Healthcare Associated Infections Survey consisting of four domains: demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and behavior related to HAIs was used. The participants of this study covered 115 nurses.
 Results: The mean of overall performance on the knowledge was good 21.23 ±5.173 (range 9-30) and 92.2% of them believed that guideline for HAIs control practice can reduced the risk of infections. The mean score for behavior when practicing infection control was 37.7±5.570 (26-50). Marital status and working hours per week, influenced nurses’ knowledge of HAIs (rs = 0.185, p = 0.048). Work experienced have negative correlation with attitude towards HAIs (rs = -0.196, p = 0.035). Furthermore, type of hospital and working hours per week have been associated with nurses’ behavior towards HAIs (r = 0.191, p = 0.04). There was no significant relationship between knowledge, attitude and behavior towards HAIs.
 Conclusion: Even though the majority of ED nurses in Indonesia believe that precautionary guidelines can reduce the risk of HAIs, this study has indicated that nurses’ behavior toward HAIs is still insufficient.

HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN KREDENSIALING KEPERAWATAN DENGAN MOTIVASI MENYELENGGARAKAN PRAKTIK MANDIRI MAHASISWA PROGRAM D III KEPERAWATAN DI SURAKARTA

AbstractKredensialing nursing encourages nurses apparently not motivated through independentpractice. The number of nurses who carry out independent practice very few comparedwith the number of nurses in Indonesia. to know (1) the level of student knowledge aboutnursing kredentialing (2) The level of student motivation conducting independent practice(3) the relationship with the level knowledge of nursing kredentialing with motivationorganize independent practice Student Nursing Program Diploma III in Surakarta.Design of this research is correlational, with subjects study is 153 students of Diploma IIIof Nursing (76 from Surakarta Health Polytechnic and 77 from Panti Kosala NursingAcademy).Results of this research are (1) Average knowledge level of nursing kredentialing ismoderate,value of 15.89 (2) The level of motivation conducting independent practicenursing is 43.03, moderate (3) There is a positive relationship between the level ofknowledge about nursing kredensialing by organizing motivational practices independentin students Program D III of nursing in Surakarta 2016. The conclussion is a positiverelationship, with a low level of correlation between the knowledge of credentialingnursing with motivation organize independent practice in students of Nursing ProgramDiploma III in Surakarta (p: 0.039;r:0.167)Keywords: Nursing Kredentialing, Independent Nursing Practice

Regulatory approaches to managing skilled migration: Indonesian nurses in Japan

AbstractThis article examines the Japan–Indonesia Economic Partnership Agreement, an agreement that has allowed Japan to supplement its local healthcare workforce while continuing to sidestep the thorny issue of labour and immigration policy reform and Indonesia to increase its skilled workers’ access to the Japanese labour market at a time when it was making a concerted effort to reorient migrant labour flows away from informal sector occupations. Despite the programme’s many problems, it has contributed to the use of trade agreements as a mechanism for regulating labour migration, and so to the normalisation of migrant labour as a tradable commodity rather than a discrete area of policy-making, with all the attendant risks that normalisation brings.

Neuroscience Nursing in Indonesia: Striving for Recognition through Education and Regional Collaboration

Abstract As a speciality practice area, neuroscience nursing is internationally recognised. In 2014 the Australasian Neuroscience Nurses Association celebrated its 40th anniversary. For Indonesian neuroscience nurses, 2014 marked the inaguration of the Indonesian Neuroscience Nurses Association. The following paper provides an overview of health care in Indonesia and development of neuroscience nursing as a specialty through educational and regional collaboration. Postgraduate educational opportunities are open to all nurses in Australia, including neuroscience as a specialty for nurses. However within Indonesia, the focus has been on meeting basic nursing demands, with postgraduate specialisation still in its infancy. The focus on training and producing large numbers of nurses at a basic level has resulted in little regard for the ongoing development and acknowledgement of speciality practice areas, such as neuroscience nursing. The following paper outlines the challenges faced by Indonesian nurses as they strive towards the recognition of neuroscience nursing as a speciality. Through the provision of an overview of current nursing and the health care system in Indonesia, this paper will explore the geographical, economic, political and cultural factors that require consideration when translating experience and expertise.

Improving Quality of Life on Cancer Patient by Implementation of Psychosexual Health Care

Introduction: The contribution of nurses in improving the quality of life of patients with cancer has caused them to have needs of getting knowledge and skills to provide services on psychosexual health care. Training on psychosexual health care has been developed, implemented and given to oncology nurses in Indonesia in order to fulfill the needs so that the nurses are able to provide psychosexual health care to cancer survivors and their spouse.Method: The training utilized a method of pre- and post-test evaluation to identify outcomes including changes of evaluation scores of knowledge, belief, practice, and self-efficacy of trainees before and after receiving psychosexual health care training.Result: The training has been implemented on 46 oncology nurses in Indonesia so that they can have knowledge, practice, belief and self-efficacy in providing psychosexual health care to patients with cancer and their spouse. After training and mentorship had been provided, there were significant changes on knowledge, belief and self-efficacy in providing psychosexual health care services to patients with cancer and their spouse; however, there were no significant changes on practices.Discussion: The training has become a standard nursing care for cancer in Indonesia and has provided scientific evidences that nurses have contribution in improving quality of life of patients with cancer by providing a comprehensive nursing care through implementation of psychosexual health care in their daily nursing care for patients with cancer and their spouse.

PENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN KANKER DENGAN IMPLEMENTASI PERAWATAN KESEHATAN PSIKOSEKSUAL

Introduction: The contribution of nurses in improving the quality of life of patients with cancer has caused them to have needs of getting knowledge and skills to provide services on psychosexual health care. Training on psychosexual health care has been developed, implemented and given to oncology nurses in Indonesia in order to fulfill the needs so that the nurses are able to provide psychosexual health care to cancer survivors and their spouse. Method: The training utilized a method of pre- and post-test evaluation to identify outcomes including changes of evaluation scores of knowledge, belief, practice, and self-efficacy of trainees before and after receiving psychosexual health care training. Result: The training has been implemented on 46 oncology nurses in Indonesia so that they can have knowledge, practice, belief and self-efficacy in providing psychosexual health care to patients with cancer and their spouse. After training and mentorship had been provided, there were significant changes on knowledge, belief and self-efficacy in providing psychosexual health care services to patients with cancer and their spouse; however, there were no significant changes on practices. Discussion: The training has become a standard nursing care for cancer in Indonesia and has provided scientific evidences that nurses have contribution in improving quality of life of patients with cancer by providing a comprehensive nursing care through implementation of psychosexual health care in their daily nursing care for patients with cancer and their spouse. Keywords: Psychosexual health care, training, nursing, cancer

UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF NURSES IN INDONESIA: A PERSPECTIVE FROM A NURSE

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Investigation of mental health in Indonesian health workers immigrating to Japan under the Economic Partnership Agreement

The aim of this study was to assess the mental health status of Indonesian nurses and care workers who immigrated to Japan after the Economic Partnership Agreement was signed by the governments of Japan and Indonesia in 2008. From November 2012 to March 2013, questionnaires were mailed to 206 workers in 87 medical and caregiving facilities that openly accept Indonesian EPA immigrant workers. Responses were received from 71 workers in 35 facilities. Responses from 22.5% of workers suggested that they were at risk of developing mental health problems, and "gender" and "acquisition state of national qualifications" were the main factors influencing their mental health status. The results suggest that support after obtaining national qualifications is inadequate and that mid and long-term support systems that focus on the needs of immigrant healthcare workers after passing national examinations are necessary.

Lived experience of Indonesian nurses in Japan: A phenomenological study.

The movement of Indonesian nurses via a bilateral agreement with Japan has led to a substantial number of migrants to work as nurses in that nation's healthcare system. The purpose of this research was to develop a deeper understanding of the meaningful experiences of Indonesian nurses while working in Japanese hospitals. In this phenomenological study, sampling was purposive and was based on information shared by five Indonesian nurses. The data were collected in interviews; the analysis was thematic. Six key themes were identified: (i) seeking better than before; (ii) communication challenges; (iii) the nursing examination as a culmination; (iv) differences in nursing practice; (v) cultural differences; and (vi) the benefits of living in developed country. Among these challenges, communication as the basis of shared meaning and understanding was viewed as a complex issue, by both patients and coworkers. The results of this study call for further intervention in supporting Indonesian nurses living in Japan in their struggle with the issue of communication. The emphasis on language acquisition for personal and professional objectives, and the bridging of cultural differences as well, should be considered in an international context.

IJEPA: Gray Area for Health Policy and International Nurse Migration.

Indonesia is recognized as a nurse exporting country, with policies that encourage nursing professionals to emigrate abroad. This includes the country's adoption of international principles attempting to protect Indonesian nurses that emigrate as well as the country's own participation in a bilateral trade and investment agreement, known as the Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement that facilitates Indonesian nurse migration to Japan. Despite the potential trade and employment benefits from sending nurses abroad under the Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement, Indonesia itself is suffering from a crisis in nursing capacity and ensuring adequate healthcare access for its own populations. This represents a distinct challenge for Indonesia in appropriately balancing domestic health workforce needs, employment, and training opportunities for Indonesian nurses, and the need to acknowledge the rights of nurses to freely migrate abroad. Hence, this article reviews the complex operational and ethical issues associated with Indonesian health worker migration under the Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement. It also introduces a policy proposal to improve performance of the Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement and better align it with international principles focused on equitable health worker migration.

Model to Reduce HIV Related Stigma among Indonesian Nurses

Stigmatization of persons living with HIV (PLWH) did by health professionals including nurses. Stigma was a barrier of nurses to implement nursing care to PLWH patients. The purpose of this study was to make model of reducing stigma among nurses particularly in the hospital, district of Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Design used in this study was analytical observational. The population was all nurses who worked in 4 hospitals in Banyuwangi of Indonesia. Total sample recruited were 77 respondents. Data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by using <em>Smart </em>PLS (Partial Least Squares)<em>.</em> The result showed that stigma existed among nurses particularly on <em>labelling</em> and <em>stereotyping</em> to PLWH patient. <em>Transcultural</em> components had influence to nurses’ stigma on HIV and AIDS patients; there were jobs factor, facilities factor, values factor, and knowledge factor. Stigmatizing attitudes were found among nurses with quite satisfied. It can be concluded to reduce the stigma of nurses by intervening on <em>transcultural</em> components among other factors affecting jobs factor, facilities factor, values factor and knowledge factor. Further research should apply this model in nursing care.

Model to Reduce HIV Related Stigma among Indonesian Nurses

Stigmatization of persons living with HIV (PLWH) did by health professionals including nurses. Stigma was a barrier of nurses to implement nursing care to PLWH patients. The purpose of this study was to make model of reducing stigma among nurses particularly in the hospital, district of Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Design used in this study was analytical observational. The population was all nurses who worked in 4 hospitals in Banyuwangi of Indonesia. Total sample recruited were 77 respondents. Data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by using <em>Smart </em>PLS (Partial Least Squares)<em>.</em> The result showed that stigma existed among nurses particularly on <em>labelling</em> and <em>stereotyping</em> to PLWH patient. <em>Transcultural</em> components had influence to nurses’ stigma on HIV and AIDS patients; there were jobs factor, facilities factor, values factor, and knowledge factor. Stigmatizing attitudes were found among nurses with quite satisfied. It can be concluded to reduce the stigma of nurses by intervening on <em>transcultural</em> components among other factors affecting jobs factor, facilities factor, values factor and knowledge factor. Further research should apply this model in nursing care.