Indonesian Mining Research Articles

Qualitative Analysis of Corruption in Mining and Its Impact on Sustainable Development

State management and oversight of natural resources is a constitutionally mandated responsibility. However, the mining extractive industry is often plagued by corruption, which hinders sustainable development efforts. This research investigates corruption within the mining extractive industry, focusing on cases related to mining business permits (IUP). Using a qualitative approach through a literature review, the study analyzes various corruption cases in the issuance of mining permits and examines relevant laws and regulations. The findings reveal that Indonesian mining regulations, grounded in the 1945 Constitution, mandate that natural resources be managed for public welfare. Law Number 4 of 2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining replaces the previous contract system with more transparent mining business permits overseen by both central and regional governments. This research underscores the need for regulatory improvements and a clearer delineation of authority to optimize natural resource management and prevent corrupt practices that undermine sustainable development efforts in Indonesia.

Policy and implementation of gender equality in Indonesian mining companies as an approach to achieve the goals of Indonesian SDGS

Policy and implementation of gender equality in Indonesian mining companies as an approach to achieve the goals of Indonesian SDGS

Peran World Trade Organization (WTO) dalam Menyelesaikan Sengketa Dagang Antara Uni Eropa dan Indonesia Terkait Kebijakan Pelarangan Ekspor Mineral Mentah Nikel

The background of this research is the WTO as an international trade organisation under the economic and social council is authorised to regulate international trade as well as resolve international trade disputes. As for nickel as a potential raw mineral material in terms of economic value and a source of world electricity, it then became an issue when Indonesia issued a policy to ban the export of nickel raw minerals. The purpose of this research is to find out the implications of Indonesia's nickel export ban on international trade, and to find out the WTO dispute settlement system in the nickel case between Indonesia and the European Union. This type of research uses descriptive analysis research that describes the results of the author's analysis. The result of this research is that there are 2 (two) types of implications of Indonesia's defeat of the European Union's lawsuit related to the ban on exports of nickel raw materials, namely legal implications which can be in the form of imposing an obligation to pay losses to the plaintiff and non-legal implications, namely disrupting the downstream of nickel mining in Indonesia.

Implementasi Smart Mining dan Teknologi Hijau dalam Mitigasi Dampak Pertambangan Nikel Terhadap Lingkungan di PT. Sulawesi Cahaya Mineral

In this case, we need to know about mining in Indonesia, our motherland has a lot of natural resources that can be renewed (renewable resources), for example rivers, forests, soil quality, and natural resources that cannot be renewed (non-renewable). resources) for example coal, petroleum and metals. There are positive and negative points in the mining industry in our country, in this case from a positive perspective, the mining industry contributes to Indonesia's national gross domestic product (GDP), opens up quite a lot of career/employment opportunities for local and non-local communities, infrastructure development, and improving the standard of living of the surrounding community. From a negative perspective, the mining industry is a scourge in terms of environmental damage, climate change, human rights violations and social inequality. In this case I will raise the topic of the impact of the nickel metal mine of PT, Sulawesi Cahaya Mineral, Routa area, Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province on the environment.

TEKNOLOGI REKLAMASI LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG TIMAH MELALUI PEMBERIAN BAHAN AMELIORAN DAN PEMILIHAN JENIS TANAMAN: STUDI KASUS KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG

Indonesia, besides being the country with the largest nickel reserves in the world, also holds the largest tin reserves globally in 2023. Meanwhile, in terms of production, Indonesia ranks second after China. Tin mining in Indonesia has led to serious environmental damage, illustrated by the numerous open pits and inadequately restored tin mining sites. The characteristics of soil in these post-mining lands generally include sandy texture, low pH, nutrient deficiencies, low organic carbon content, and low water holding capacity. This study aims to improve the soil chemical properties in post-mining lands by utilizing the KOMFABA technology, which consists of a mixture of compost and fly ash-bottom ash with appropriate dosages tailored to the type of crops to be planted, along with revegetation strategies involving suitable plant selections. The research methodology consists of field experiments to test the application of KOMFABA with various dosages and crop types, as well as a literature review to identify suitable revegetation strategies. The research result show that Indonesia holds tin reserves of 800,000 tons, making it the largest in the world, with a production of 74,000 tons, placing it second after China. Additionally, the results of KOMFABA testing demonstrate its effectiveness in improving soil chemical properties such as soil pH, organic carbon content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), nutrient content, and soil base saturation. The success of reclaiming post-mining lands also dependent on proper fertilization dosages and suitable plants selection.

The Effect of Audit Committee Size, Board Size, and Women on the Board on the Disclosure of Environment, Social, and Good Governance (ESG) Reports Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesian Mining Companies

The Effect of Audit Committee Size, Board Size, and Women on the Board on the Disclosure of Environment, Social, and Good Governance (ESG) Reports Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesian Mining Companies

The Impact of Increasing Nickel Production on Forest and Environment in Indonesia: A Review

The history of nickel mining in Indonesia began in the Verbeek Mountains in Sulawesi in 1901. The finding of nickel and its extraction occurred in the Netherlands, making it the pioneering site for this ore. Also, the substantial rise in the extraction of natural resources like nickel through mining would inevitably profoundly influence forests, which serve as the core of the ecosystem for both flora and fauna. This study aims to determine the consequences of the growing nickel production on Indonesia’s forests and environment. It involves examining the alterations in the forests due to the increased nickel production and evaluating the broader environmental effects. The research method used in this research is a literature review. This technique seeks to analyze, assess, and interpret diverse research findings to examine them within the investigated subject’s framework. The research result of this investigation demonstrates that the escalating nickel production in Indonesia is detrimental to forests and the environment, leading to deforestation, degradation of habitats, and contamination of the air and soil. These alterations present immediate hazards to human well-being, such as respiratory problems and effects on agricultural output. It is crucial to evaluate and improve the methods used for nickel production and adopt sustainable management strategies to reduce the negative impacts on the environment and protect both the ecosystem and human welfare. Keywords: ecosystem pollution, deforestation, forest management, nickel mining, water pollution

ACCOUNTING FOR BUSINESS ETHICS AND SUSTAINABILITY (A4BES): HARMONIZING ACCOUNTING FOR THE INTERESTS OF SHAREHOLDERS AND NON-SHAREHOLDER STAKEHOLDERS

The purpose of this study is to introduce a framework that assists corporate managers in transforming the promised benefits of sustainability reports into future financial performance by aligning the interests of shareholders and non-shareholder stakeholders. This descriptive study proposes a framework to investigate the stakeholder harmonization process undertaken by managers, with a pilot study focusing on Indonesian mining companies using content analysis methodology. The study hypothesizes that managers' disclosures in sustainability reports reflect their success in achieving stakeholder harmony. Modern corporate managers accomplish stakeholder harmonization by reporting on both financial performances and non-financial performances, I called them Business Ethics and Sustainability (ABES) performances. They provide outcome-based performance information on A4BES performances. The study found that Indonesian mining companies typically disclose more information than required by the capital market regulation on sustainability reporting. Mining managers, categorized as conventional managers at the second level of the stakeholder harmonization process, report over 50% of A4BES accounts but often omit outcome-based performance information. This study extends sustainability accounting literature on stakeholder theory by examining how management processes balance the interests of shareholders and non-shareholder stakeholders.

The Tax Avoidance Practice of Indonesian Mining Companies

The mining sector in Indonesia is one of the most significant contributors to state revenue through taxation. The mining industry contributed 33.431 trillion in the first semester of 2019. Although the amount seems significant, it would be bigger if mining companies did not avoid paying taxes. This research aims to analyze the role of institutional ownership in moderating the influence of profitability, thin capitalization, and inventory intensity on tax avoidance. This research uses MRA to analyze data on mining companies listed on the IDX from 2018 -2022. Data was collected from the population using purposive sampling to produce 60 samples. The research results show that profitability and thin capitalization variables impact tax avoidance, while inventory intensity differs. Institutional ownership moderates the impact of low profitability and thin capitalization on tax avoidance. However, there is no proof that this lessens the effect of inventory intensity on tax avoidance. By choosing a group of variables that affect tax avoidance, this study fills a knowledge gap in the influence of institutional ownership as a moderating variable. Future research can replicate this research by expanding the industry that is the object of research, extending the period, and using different analysis tools.

Global challenges of the mining industry: Effect of job insecurity and reward on turnover intention through job satisfaction

Orientation: This research focusses on the dynamics of job insecurity, job satisfaction and employee turnover intentions in the Indonesian mining industry facing significant global and local economic challenges.Research purpose: This research aims to investigate the influence of job insecurity and rewards on the turnover intentions of employees with job satisfaction as a mediating variable in the mining industry of Indonesia.Motivation for the study: This research is based on the observation that the mining industry faces high turnover rates, which can be detrimental to company operations and sustainability.Research approach/design and method: This research uses a quantitative approach by collecting data through surveys distributed to employees in various mining industries. The population in this study were employees of the mining industry in PT Vale Indonesia, totalling 3044 employees, and a sample of 230 respondents was taken at random.Main findings: The main findings show that job insecurity negatively influences job satisfaction, increasing employee turnover intentions. However, when companies implement a fair and adequate reward system, the negative impact of job insecurity on job satisfaction and turnover intentions can be minimised.Practical/managerial implications: The practical implication of this research is the importance of the mining industry developing human resource management strategies that not only focus on competitive compensation but also create a stable and satisfying work environment.Contribution/value-add: This research provides an important contribution to the development of human resource management by highlighting the mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between job insecurity and turnover intentions. These findings provide new insights for companies in overcoming employee retention challenges with a holistic approach and good reward system.

Nickel Smelter Moratorium: Efforts to Establish Laws to Ensure Legal Certainty of Investment

The downstream effort is not solely an economic motive, but there are efforts to pursue the target of net zero emissions through the development of Electric Vehicles (EV). Therefore, in the future the transportation sector will shift to the EV ecosystem. Support for the EV ecosystem requires components such as batteries whose the raw materials come from nickel ore produced using hydrometrological methods. This research uses a normative legal research method (legal research) which combines secondary materials in the form of supporting data on the application of Law Number 3 of 2020 concerning Amendments to Law Number 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining in Indonesia. In this research, the authors concludes that the increase in investment of nickel downstream projects has raised concerns about the amount of Indonesian nickel reserves, so the government should planning a moratorium on RKEF type smelters and switching to HPAL smelters. To ensure legal certainty, the government must form regulations aimed at complying with mechanisms and procedures that are in accordance with state administration and capital investment.

Business Strategy Effectiveness of SOE Gold Mining Pilot Project for Illegal Miners in Indonesia

The increasing challenges of illegal mining activities have prompted mining companies around the world to develop innovative strategies to address the problem. This research evaluates a pilot project at the Pongkor Gold Mine in Indonesia, where a cooperative model was implemented to formalise illegal gold mining activities. The research aims to assess the economic, environmental, and social impacts of integrating illegal miners into a formal cooperative framework. Quantitative data was collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to key stakeholders, including Pongkor employees, local community members, and cooperative members. In addition, qualitative insights were gained through semi-structured interviews with different levels of Pongkor management. The results show mixed perceptions regarding economic growth, with local community and cooperative members reporting significant benefits, while Pongkor employees remain sceptical. Environmental protection efforts are positively recognised by cooperative members, but less so by the wider community and employees. Increased social responsibility was widely recognised by all groups, highlighting improved social relations and stability. The findings underscore the need for better internal communication, structured engagement, and sustainable practices to ensure the long-term success of the co-operative model. This research provides a viable framework for transforming illegal mining activities into regulated and sustainable operations, which contribute to economic stability, environmental sustainability and social responsibility.

Illegal mining in Indonesia: need for robust legislation and enforcement

Illegal mining in Indonesia: need for robust legislation and enforcement

Ownership Structures, Executive Compensation and Tax Aggressiveness in Indonesia Mining and Plantation Companies: The Moderating Effect of Audit Quality

Ownership Structures, Executive Compensation and Tax Aggressiveness in Indonesia Mining and Plantation Companies: The Moderating Effect of Audit Quality

Coal Prices and Stock Returns: Company Evidence Mining in Indonesia

Coal Prices and Stock Returns: Company Evidence Mining in Indonesia

Penegakan Hukum dalam Penanggulangan Pertambangan Batubara Illegal

Coal mining is one sector that supports state and regional economies if management is environmentally friendly. Management of coal mining as a non-renewable natural resource must be carried out as optimally as possible, efficiently, transparently, sustainably and with environmental awareness. The aim of the research is to find out and analyze the regulation and law enforcement against illegal mining in Indonesia. The research method used by the author in researching the problem in writing this article is normative juridical research. The results of the research are the regulation of Article 158 of Law Number 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining where if someone does not have an IUP, IPR, IUPK then they will be imprisoned for a maximum of 10 years and a maximum fine of IDR 10,000,000,000.00 (ten billion) Enforcement The law in illegal mining cases is the decision of the Panel of Judges to sentence the Defendant to imprisonment for 8 (eight) months and a fine of IDR. 2,000,000.00 (two million Rupiah). The conclusion is that the mining issue cannot be separated from the agrarian issue, because Mining activities are underground and to carry out these activities, you must first obtain permission from the authorized official. Therefore, when carrying out mining activities, you must have a permit as regulated in the Coal Mining Licensing Regulations, Law Number 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral Mining. and Coal which discusses the form of regulatory licensing and licensing requirements.

Legal Evolution: Analyzing Minerba Law No. 3/2020 Amendments on Reclamation and Post-Mining Responsibilities

This study analyzes shifting norms in Indonesian mining law, focusing on the phrases "and/or" in Article 96 and "guaranteed" in Article 169A paragraph (1) of Law no. 3 of 2020 Minerba. Using a normative method with a statutory approach and historical interpretation, it finds that "and/or" offers flexibility for mining companies in choosing reclamation or post-mining activities, while "guaranteed" is replaced with "can be given," implying stricter conditions for operating permit extensions. This research underscores a redefined responsibility framework, emphasizing adaptability and stringent criteria in mining operations. Highlights : Flexibility in Activity Choice: "And/or" offers mining companies the flexibility to choose between reclamation and post-mining activities, enhancing efficiency. Stricter Permit Conditions: "Guaranteed" replaced with "can be given" implies stricter terms for operating permit extensions, ensuring compliance. Redefined Responsibility Framework: The study reveals a redefined framework emphasizing adaptability and stringent criteria in Indonesian mining law. Keywords: Indonesian mining law, shifting norms, responsibility, reclamation, operating permits

Corporate Governance, Audit Recommendations, And Financial Resilience: The Case Of State-Owned Indonesian Mining And Energy Enterprises

Corporate Governance, Audit Recommendations, And Financial Resilience: The Case Of State-Owned Indonesian Mining And Energy Enterprises

Pelaksanaan Reklamasi Lahan Pasca Tambang PT Rekasindo Guriang Tandang di Bengkulu

Coal mining in Indonesia is generally carried out using open pit mining methods, thereby disrupting and destroying the ecosystem and natural balance, causing negative impacts that result in environmental damage. Therefore, sustainable development with an environmental perspective is important for every nation and country that wants to protect its natural resources. The main cause of damage to the ecosystem or environment is humans. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach method. According to Williams (1988), the qualitative method is an approach that in the research proposal, process, hypothesis, going into the field, data analysis and data conclusions up to writing uses aspects of trends, non-numerical calculations, situational descriptive, interviews, in-depth analysis, deep. contents, snowballs and stories. The research findings regarding the study of the implementation of ex-mining land reclamation at PT Rekasindo Guriang Tandang's Coal Mining Business License in North Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province are regarding community knowledge and participation in reclamation activities, land preparation, implementation of activities, equipment, costs, and commitment of directors or managers. The implementation of reclamation activities at PT Rekasindo Guriang Tandang did not go well because the plant growth success rate was low and plant growth was less than optimal. So the government and Mining Business License (IUP) managers need to take policies to involve the community more to play a more active role in reclamation activities carried out in areas around their environment.

Volumetric, embodied and geologic geopolitics of the seabed: offshore tin mining in Indonesia

ABSTRACT This paper introduces empirical research on tin divers’ bodily experience of seabed mining concerning offshore Bangka and Belitung Islands, Indonesia, critical seabed mining sites. To govern the seabed off these Islands, ‘classic’ geopolitical approaches such as marine spatial planning (MSP) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) hierarchically construct the seabed through two-dimensional mapping and policy, occluding specific tin diving practices on the seabed. Moving from such flat geopolitical understandings of the ocean floor, this paper offers new engagements with feminist geopolitics, volumetric territory and social ocean studies to think about the seabed through its volume, the bodies that are immersed within and animate it, and its geologic materiality. It does so by examining intimate tin diving relations between human bodies, volumetric space and ore bodies in relation to the contemporary geopolitical making of the seabed territory. Whilst many scholars have engaged with this volumetric-embodied-geologic approach, this paper argues that the nexus of volumetric space, bodies (embodied experiences) and geologic materiality in tin diving are a crucial tactical point for diverse mining governance actors, sustaining dangerous labour, mining accidents and death in tin diving.