Indonesian Football Research Articles

The safety and comfort of football stadiums in Indonesia: an analysis based on spectator perspectives

This research aims to analyze the aspects of safety and comfort in Indonesian football stadiums. This analytical survey research was conducted in three stadiums in Indonesia that have FIFA standards and are always used in national or international matches to analyze and describe the factors of security and comfort variables. There were five stages in this study: the first stage was observation, the second stage was collecting evidence of scientific articles, the third stage was instrument validation with focus group discussion (FGD), the fourth stage was data collection, and the fifth stage was research reporting with scientific articles. Then, there were six dimensions of the survey category, namely Stadium Construction, Physical Security, Social Security, Communication and Coordination, Recommendations and Feedback, and Clarity to the Spectators. The initial identification results were 3,090 spectators, 2,408 men and 682 women. They were aged 14 – 47 years, averaging 23.66±7.2 years. The number of visits to the stadium in one year was two to six times. The spectators’ experience in visiting different stadiums was two to seven stadiums. The following result, the Kruskal-Wallis test, showed the Asymp. The sig value was 0.319>0.05, meaning there was no difference in answers based on the spectators visiting the three stadiums. The publication of this study can provide valid and clear information insights to stadium managers to pay more attention and strive to provide the best service to football spectators. Because indirectly, supporters who watch the match will provide greater moral support to the football team.

Environmental Psychological Characteristic Supporting the Football Player’s Development in Indonesia and Malaysia

Background. The development path of a football player toward becoming a professional player involves four main aspects: physical, technical, tactical, and psychological ones. Objectives. This study aimed to examine the psychological characteristics of the environment that influence and contribute to the development of football players under 17 years old in Indonesia and Malaysia. Materials and methods. This study used a qualitative approach, namely evolved grounded theory, and the data collection process was conducted using three distinct methods: semi-structured interviews, observation, and document analysis. Twenty-five coaches participated in this study, comprising fifteen coaches from various football academies in Malaysia and ten coaches from Indonesia. All coaches involved in this study have a license and at least five years of experience as coaches under 17. The data collected and analyzed began with open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, and the analysis was assisted by using qualitative research software, namely N-Vivo 14. Results. The findings revealed that several aspects influenced player development, such as policy support, including structured and competitive age group competitions, a healthy football ecosystem; other results have been defined as relationships and cooperation supported by family, friendship between clubs, and teamwork. Finally, the study underscored the significance of involving coaching factors, including passion, patience, and coach psychological treatment abilities. These are the psychological characteristics of the environment that can influence the development of football players. Conclusions. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used as a reference for coaches, the Indonesian Football Association, and the Malaysian Football Association to create a policy that can support football players under 17 years from all aspects, including psychology.

An overview of the management of injury and illness along with referral pattern in Indonesian Football Clubs

An overview of the management of injury and illness along with referral pattern in Indonesian Football Clubs

Analisis Sentimen Naturalisasi Tim Nasional Indonesia U-23 di Era Shin Tae-yong Menggunakan Algoritma Naïve Bayes dan K-Nearest Neighbors

In the Shin Tae-yong era, the naturalization of players has become a controversial topic within the Indonesian U-23 national football team. This research aims to analyze public sentiment related to the naturalization of players in the team using two classification algorithms, namely Naive Bayes and K-Nearest Neighbor. Sentiment data is obtained from news sources, social media, and online discussion forums related to matches and team management decisions. First, data processing is carried out, including text cleaning, tokenization, and word weighting. Next, Naive Bayes and KNN models are trained using the processed dataset. The results of the sentiment analysis will provide valuable insight into the public's perception of the naturalization of players in the Indonesian U-23 national team under the control of Shin Tae-yong, as well as a comparison of the effectiveness between the Naive Bayes and KNN algorithms in sentiment classification. It is hoped that this research will provide a more in-depth view of the dynamics within the Indonesian national football team and its contribution to Indonesian football as a whole

Maintaining Business During Covid-19 Pandemic Through Social Media: A Content Analysis of Indonesian Football Club Instagram Account

Indonesia has become the largest football industry with a huge fan base. Football continues to become a profitable brand and generates extraordinary profits, considering that football has a wide and large market share. As a brand, many football clubs have realized the power of branding in marketing clubs outside the club's local market through branding strategies carried out into content on social media. Currently, social media has become a popular and effective new media in the branding strategy of a football club. Their Instagram account has gained millions of followers in recent years, creating an effective medium for sales and promotion. Many Indonesian big brands agree to sponsor the club as a way to promote their products as well. However, the global pandemic hit from March 2020 to August 2021, and there was a long hiatus for football matches, considering the branding activity of a football club is very dependent on the passing of matches in a competition. Football matches become the 'main product' that attracts the attention of fans and sponsors. Due to this catastrophe, how can football clubs in Indonesia maintain business during the COVID-19 pandemic through Instagram content? Using a semi-structured interview with internal parties of a big football club in Indonesia, this study generates some practical summaries and implications on how to maintain business during the COVID-19 pandemic. The result shows the significant influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the content analysis of the Football Club in Indonesia through Instagram. Keywords: COVID-19, football, content analysis, social media, Instagram.

Analisis Sentimen Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Timnas Indonesia U-23 dalam AFC-23 Asian Cup 2024 Pada Media Sosial X Menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier

Social media Twitter, or now called X, not only serves as an effective communicative medium, but it can also make it easier for people to find information or interact directly with other X users, and become a container for holding opinions. X users in Indonesia often express their opinions on all areas including sports, especially the Indonesian Football Team, which has recently been heatedly discussed because of the talent of all the players who succeeded in attracting the attention not only of football fans, but of the entire Indonesia public at the AFC ASIA CUP U 23 2024 competition held in the country of Qatar. The study uses the Naive Baiyes classification method to analyze the sentiment of comments and comments on Social Media X against each match. Sentiment data from user comments on social media X is collected and classified as positive, and negative. The final results of sentimental analysis using the naïve bayes method showed accuracy values of 73.94% out of 972 datasets, with 143 predicted negative data and 828 predictable positive data. So it can be concluded that most of the public's perception is positive because they see the struggle and performance of the Indonesian National Football Team in making the nation proud.

Media and the Mediation of Conflict: The Role of Journalism in Indonesian Football Supporter Violence

Football supporter violence in Indonesia is a significant issue exacerbated by sensationalist media coverage that often emphasizes conflict and negative stereotypes. This study analyzes how media framing influences football supporter behavior and public perception, using Galtung's peace journalism theory as a framework. Employing a qualitative research design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and content analysis of media reports. The findings reveal that sensationalist reporting and negative portrayals of supporters contribute to increased tensions and aggressive behaviors. Conversely, though rarely used, peace journalism techniques potentially de-escalate conflicts and promote positive interactions. The study highlights the critical role of cultural and socio-economic factors in shaping media narratives and supporter behavior, suggesting the need for context-sensitive peace journalism. These results advance the theoretical understanding of media framing and conflict resolution and emphasize the importance of ethical journalism. Practical recommendations include adopting balanced reporting practices, collaborative campaigns between media and sports organizations, and further research into the long-term effects of media framing. By promoting responsible journalism, stakeholders can help mitigate violence and foster Indonesia's more inclusive and peaceful football culture.

Harmonizing the Rules: “A Socio-Legal Analysis of FIFA Stadium Safety and Security Standards and Indonesian Football Regulations – Aftermath Kanjuruhan Tragedy"

Harmonizing the Rules: “A Socio-Legal Analysis of FIFA Stadium Safety and Security Standards and Indonesian Football Regulations – Aftermath Kanjuruhan Tragedy"

The Influence of Football Coach Competition on Athlete Achievement Results

Football is a very popular sport and in demand by people worldwide, including Indonesia. However, the current achievements of Indonesian football are not yet impressive. One factor thought to influence soccer athletes' performance is competition and the quality of coaches. This research aims to determine the effect of soccer coach competition on athlete achievement results. The research method used is a literature study by analyzing related literature. The research results show that soccer coach competitions have a significant influence on athlete performance results. The higher the level of competition the coaches participate in, the better the athlete's performance results will be. This is because coaches who have experience participating in high competition will have better knowledge, skills, and coaching abilities. The implication of this research is the need for efforts to increase the competence of football coaches through increasing the level of competition they participate in, as well as adequate support and coaching from related parties that Indonesian football achievements can improve.

Kanjuruhan tragedy: Revolution ensuring security and safety systems in Indonesian football

Kanjuruhan tragedy: Revolution ensuring security and safety systems in Indonesian football

The Phenomenon of Citizen Journalism in National Football in Liga 1 Competition

The football industry in Indonesia is currently starting to develop well, both in terms of owners, management, coaches, players, and supporters. This industry is slowly making many people want to speak out about the issues that occur in football, especially on social media today. One proof of how many people are starting to speak out is the existence of citizen journalism in Indonesian football today. This research aims to find out how citizen journalism is implemented in the League 1 Competition in Indonesian Football. This research uses qualitative research with descriptive methods, as well as collecting data through secondary data through documentation and interviews from social media such as YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, and so on. The results of this research show that there are several ways for the community to implement it, namely the first is Participatory Citizen Journalism using the community to write their personal opinions in the National Media. Second, Citizen Journalism by writing content or producing visual, audio, or even audio-visual content related to specific content topics. Third, News-Media Watchdog Citizen Journalists, namely the media as watchdogs monitor and evaluate the current performance in the football industry through media such as YouTube and Spotify. Lastly, Community Citizen Journalism is how communities, in this case supporters, have their media to inform about their favorite team or voice something related to their favorite team, such as Simamaung.com (Persib Bandung), Jak Online (Persija Jakarta), EmosiJiwaku.com (Persebaya Surabaya).

The psychological characteristics of football players under the age of 17 in Indonesia

Football is the most popular sport in Indonesia and involves thousands of players and millions of spectators. As the sport continues to grow, it demands an accelerated development of players and adjustments to their needs. However, the Indonesian Football Association (PSSI) has created a curriculum that only focuses on the physical, tactical, and technical aspects, ignoring the psychological aspect. This study aimed to investigate the role of psychology in the development of football players in Indonesia, focusing on the weaknesses of the current curriculum. The study was concentrated on the development and psychological characteristics that soccer players under 17 years of age require to maintain their performance into adulthood. The study used a grounded theory approach and semi-structured open questions in data collection. The sample included youth player-coaches with a minimum of 5 years of experience, as well as football players under the age of 17. These players typically begin practicing football at the age of 6 and continue until they reach 17 years old in Indonesia. The results of this study can be a reference for the PSSI and football coaches in Indonesia to create a comprehensive training program that includes physical, technical, tactical, and psychological aspects, enabling them to develop successful football players in the future.

Indonesian Football: A Bibliometric Analysis and Perspectives

Indonesian Football: A Bibliometric Analysis and Perspectives

Punishment of the Kanjuruhan Commotion due to Negligence from the Perspective of Causality Theory

Punishment results in Kanjuruhan in Indonesian football matches, to guarantee the protection of fundamental rights. The Kanjuruhan incident had a detrimental impact, causing fans' dissatisfaction (Aremania) at the defeat. The end of the match caused the crowd to come down the field, to express their disappointment. Tools in research use doctrinal law which is specifically of the normative type. This research uses literature study by collecting legal principles, legal rules, regulations, doctrine, theories, legal dictionaries which are based on legal literacy. The achievement results are to understand necessity, harmony and intentionality. How to work scientifically with research activities, using doctrinal laws. Specification of normative legal methods using positive law, context and literature. The research approach uses laws (positive law) and a case approach (Kanjuruhan commotions). The results and discussions revealed the verdict, in accordance with decision 13/Pid.B/2023/PN Sby deciding that the defendant was acquitted. Legal efforts were taken by the public prosecutor (JPU) in case 922/K/Pid/2023, to cancel the previous decision. The Supreme Judge assessed that a violation of Article 359 in conjunction with Article 360 of Law Number 1/1946 concerning Criminal Law Regulations had occurred, causing negligence resulting in death. The causality of this case was when security forces (police) fired tear gas into the spectator stands, due to the behavior of anarchist (Aremania) supporters who came down the field.

Basic Football Skill Instruments for Indonesian Junior Players

Football skills instruments are needed by football coaches or practitioners to identify talents and evaluate the training process of each player. Currently, there are many types of football skill instruments, but instruments that are in accordance with the characteristics of Indonesian players and the Indonesian Football Development Curriculum (Filanesia) are not yet available. The purpose of this study was to analyze the development of football skills instruments that are suitable for Filanesia in order to obtain information on the needs, urgency, benefits, and draft models of these instruments. This research approach uses mixed methods, namely quantitative and qualitative. A total of 30 respondents were involved in this study, consisting of 25 football coaches and 5 expert lecturers in the field of football. Data was collected using questionnaires distributed through g-forms and through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) activities. Questionnaire results were analyzed using quantitative descriptive statistics. Apart from this analysis, data triangulation was used to analyse the result of the interviews and discussions during FGD. The results of this study indicate that a football skill instrument is very useful for coaches and players, and the urgency of developing a Filanesia-based football skill instrument model is very high. Thus, a draft instrument model has been produced for two levels of age groups (10–12 years and 13–16 years). Of course, this is an opportunity for further research, namely to validate the two draft models and measure their reliability so that the two test models can be used by football school coaches.

Effect of frequency and duration of training on PHV between Swiss and Indonesian football clubs aged 9-11 years

The aim of this research is to determine 1) the condition of Peak Height Velocity in La Sagne Groupement athletes and Tugumuda Semarang U9-U11 athletes, 2) is there an effect of frequency and duration on Peak Height Velocity, 3) is there a difference in Peak Height Velocity between Swiss and Indonesia clubs. The research used a quantitative descriptive research type with a comparative research design. The results showed that 1) Peak Height Velocity conditions for La Sagne Groupement FC athletes were 16.3 ± 1.3 (Mean ± SD) and Peak Height Velocity conditions for SSB Tugumuda were 14.0 ± 0.5 (Mean ± SD). 2) There is an effect of frequency and duration on Peak Height Velocity with the results of multiple regression analysis for frequency and duration. 3) There is a difference in PHV between the La Sagne de Groupement and SSB Tugumuda groups. The conclusion from this research there are differences PHV condition, there is an effect of duration and frequency of training on the PHV, and there are differences PHV value between La Sagne Groupement and SSB Tugumuda football clubs.

Indonesian Football Club Supporter rivalry (Case study of PSIM Jogja Supporter conflict with PSS Sleman Supporters)

Indonesian Football Club Supporter rivalry (Case study of PSIM Jogja Supporter conflict with PSS Sleman Supporters)

Sentiment Analysis of the Public Towards the Kanjuruhan Tragedy with the Support Vector Machine Method

A tragedy occurred in the Indonesian football world during the Arema vs. Persebaya match on October 1, 2022, resulting in the loss of approximately 714 lives, including 131 fatalities and 583 injuries. The tragedy is believed to have been caused by tear gas in the spectator stands and the closure of exits at the Kanjuruhan stadium. This event sparked a diverse range of public responses on social media, which can be analyzed through sentiment analysis. In this study, we employed the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, known for its speed and accuracy in text classification, to process and analyze tweets from October 1 to 31, 2022, as well as YouTube comments related to the Kanjuruhan tragedy from October 1 to November 20, 2022. Among the different SVM kernels, the RBF kernel exhibited the highest accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores, reaching 76.40%, 75.74%, 76.40%, and 75.18% respectively, when predicting data with three labels. Furthermore, the RBF kernel showed the best performance for data with two labels, achieving the highest accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score, which increased to 81.54%, 81.56%, 81.54%, and 81.56%, respectively.

Protection rights for football supporters: learning from the tragedy at the Kanjuruhan Stadium in Indonesia

PurposeFootball supporters have safety and security guarantees, but protection rights abuses in the Kanjuruhan Indonesia stadium tragedy. This study aims to create a design regulation to protect the protection rights of football supporters in the world.Design/methodology/approachThis is a socio-legal study. The law, cases and conceptual methods are the research methodologies. The process of collecting data uses a literature review. The gathered facts and information are next examined both qualitatively and descriptively.FindingsThe tragedy that occurred at the Kanjuruhan Stadium is the worst tragedy of Indonesian football. The key factor behind the tragedy was the mechanism for securing football matches regulated in the acts and regulations in Indonesia, which were out of sync and contrary to Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) regulations. The Indonesian National Police Regulation (Perkapolri) permits the use of firearms, tear gas and force, whereas this is actually prohibited by the FIFA Stadium Safety and Security Regulation (FSSSR). In this tragedy, protection rights abuses occurred. Then, the Indonesian Sport Act (ISA) 2022 does not yet regulate crucial matters, especially safety and security in sports competitions to protect players, referees, spectators/supporters and other match organizers.Research limitations/implicationsThis study examines various regulations relating to sports, especially football matches with a focus on studies in Indonesia.Practical implicationsThe results of this research help realize protection rights for football supporters and create designs regulation to protect protection rights for football supporters worldwide.Social implicationsThe design regulation recommended in this study is useful for preventing disasters in football and protecting football supporters, players, referees and parties in matches from acts of violence.Originality/valueLearning from the Kanjuruhan tragedy, to prevent this from happening again, the adoption of the FSSSR into Indonesian legislation, created the Safety of Sports Grounds Act and the establishment of the Indonesian Football Policing Unit are recommendations that need to be considered.

Collaborative Governance Concept on Youth Football Governance in Indonesia

Purpose: The study aimed to demonstrate general governance study development leading to collaborative governance related to youth football development to map the position of collaborative governance studies for youth football development Theoritical framework: This study used the general governance concept leading to the collaborative governance concept related to football development. The correlation is that experts consider collaborative governance to be the exit of chronic social issues (Muslim et al., 2021). Although Indonesian football is not a chronic social issue, minimum national achievements with the resources are ought to have serious measures. Moreover, the public’s expectation for national football achievements is astronomical. Method: This Study Literature Review (SLR) will use the Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) method. It aimed to summarize scientific evidence available concerning the research topic, identify gaps in related studies, and recommend future studies regarding the objective and results of various articles. For substance analysis use Nvivo 12, which was described in the form of a word cloud and cluster analysis. Research mapping was conducted using the Vos Viewer analysis to display the research map of football governance and its interrelationships. Results and Conclusions: The study results showed that football governance studies are abundant in developed football countries, particularly Europe, and mostly focused on club governance, competition governance, and involvement of parties leading to football as an industrial commodity. In Indonesia, football publications merely emerged in 2000, discussing football technical issues and recommending the importance of governance studies. Further governance study development mainly discusses the relationship between the government and the federation. Thus, it is often observed from the conflict perspective. Research implications: There are plenty of opportunities to conduct research with various study focus or concern. Several studies are recommending implementing more extensive involvement and suggesting the importance of various parties in football governance, i.e., conceptually, such studies continuously shift to be closer to the collaborative perspective. Orginality/value: There is no study on youth football development collaborative governance. From the institutional aspect, relationships between related parties are often observed from the conflict perspective. Thus, prioritizing the collaborative governance perspective is urgent.