Indonesian Counterparts Research Articles

A Contrastive Analysis between English Idioms and Their Indonesian Equivalents in the Book Tintin in America by Herge (1932)

This study focuses on employing a descriptive and qualitative research approach. The objective of this research is to discern similarities, differences, predictions of translating problems based on similarities and differences between English Idioms and their Indonesian equivalents. The analysis focuses on the book Tintin in America by Herge (1932). The results indicated the presence of 55 English idioms which consisted of 22 verbal idioms, 12 informal idioms, 5 idioms containing special keywords, 4 idioms related to specific themes, and 12 idiomatic pairs. Regarding the similarities and differences, within the Verbal Idiom category, researchers observed that there was 0 similarity between the 55 English Idioms and their Indonesian counterparts, and there were 55 differences between the 55 English Idioms and their Indonesian counterparts. Based on the differences, Indonesian learners may face problems when translating informal idioms, idioms containing special keywords, idioms related to specific themes, and idiomatic pairs. Within informal idioms, the Indonesian learners may make a mistake by translating, for example, It looks pretty phoney to me into *Bagi saya itu terlihat sangat palsu, instead of the better one Mencurigakan sekali. This is because the English expression is idiomatic, while its Indonesian equivalent is non-idiomatic. A word-by-word or literal translation is probably made due to the difference. The case may also happen when the Indonesian learners are translating idioms containing special keywords, idioms related to specific themes, and idiomatic pairs, for example: the English expression Good gracious! into the Indonesian equivalent *Baik hati, instead of the better one Astaga!; the English expression Glad to be back on my feet again into the Indonesian equivalent *Senang bisa kembali dengan kaki saya lagi, instead or the better one Senang sudah bisa jalan lagi; and the English expression The whole bunch of cut-throats into the Indonesian equivalent *Sejumlah pemotong tenggorokan, instead of the better one Semua bandit yang ada disini

An integrated threat theory analysis of latent tension between native Indonesians and Chinese Indonesians

ABSTRACT The relationship between Chinese Indonesians and native Indonesians (Pribumi) is marred by tensions and violence. The Dutch colonial legacies have positioned Chinese Indonesians as perpetual outsiders, making them constantly question their roles and identity in the process of Indonesian nation-building. Despite their centuries-old presence and Indonesia’s almost three decades of reform, prejudice towards Chinese Indonesians persists. This was reflected in the 2017 Indonesia National Survey Project, suggesting native Indonesians still perceive their Chinese Indonesian counterparts as an economically privileged group, greedy, selfish, and exclusive. Using integrated threat theory, this study explores the link between the perception of threats and prejudice towards Chinese Indonesians. Using multiple regression analysis, this study found stereotypes, realistic threats, history of intergroup conflicts, and age are strong predictors of prejudice towards the ethnic Chinese in Indonesia. Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications for integrated threat and prejudice are discussed.

Comparing the Use of Linguistic Hedging Devices (LHDs) in English and Bahasa Indonesia: Gender and Pedagogical Perspectives

The use of Linguistics Hedging Devices (LHDs) serves a notable function in our daily conversations and thus is thought-provoking to analyze. Although its occurrence tends to be more prominent in spoken communications, the use of this linguistic feature is still frequently apparent in written conversations. Although they do not add much to the proportional content of an utterance, their occurrence remains unique in terms of variations, frequency, and functions across languages. This study examines the use of LHDs by native speakers of English and Bahasa Indonesia in short spontaneous expressions. The data were obtained through Oral Discourse Completion Tasks (ODCTs) involving 40 participants from the two language speakers (20 in English and 20 in Bahasa Indonesia). English respondents expressed their responses in English, while the Indonesian speakers used Bahasa Indonesia in their responses. Each respondent was asked to respond to an apologetic expression from a close friend using a mini-digital tape recording. All responses were transcribed and analyzed, focusing on the number and types of LHDs used by the respondents in their expressions. The results revealed that the two language communities used various LHDs in their responses, mostly intended to show indirectness and reduce threats toward the hearers’ negative faces. English respondents were likely to use these linguistic features more frequently and varied in types than their Indonesian counterparts. A remarkable trend in the study is that Indonesian speakers tended to be more direct in their expressions than their English counterparts, challenging previously reversed claims. Teaching English as a Foreign Language in Indonesia is recommended to introduce various types and uses of these markers and emphasize how they can be used appropriately in authentic contexts.

Being Needed but Hated: The Exodus of Dutch Scientists in Indonesia, 1945–1959

The Japanese occupation in 1942 compelled Dutch scientists to depart from Indonesia or face imprisonment as prisoners of war. The Allied victory led to the liberation of captive scientists and encouraged Dutch scientists to return to Indonesia. This article aims to analyse and describe: (1) the process of Dutch scientists’ reentry to Indonesia in 1945 to 1949 and 1950 to 1959 and (2) the factors that caused the departure of Dutch scientists from Indonesia from 1949 to 1959. The archives at the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia (ANRI) and the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) are used as sources for this article. Dutch scientists are discussed more extensively since they were the most impacted by the dynamics of Indonesian nationalism. In 1945 to 1949, Dutch scientists had more opportunities than their Indonesian counterparts. However, the Dutch, including their scientists, were obliged to leave Indonesia in 1949 following the Konferensi Meja Bundar agreement. The exodus of Dutch scientists prompted the government to recruit scientists from various countries to fill vacant positions from 1950 to 1959. Nevertheless, bureaucratic inefficiency, different regulations regarding the supervision of foreigners and the emergence of anti-foreign sentiment in an unstable social, political and economic situation encouraged foreign scientists to return to their homeland.

Preserving Meaning and Context: A Study of Cultural Adaptation in the Translation of Arabic Proverbs

This research delves into the intricate dynamics of translating proverbs, aiming to ensure that the essence of the source language is accurately conveyed in the target language. Translating proverbs presents unique challenges due to the inherent cultural and contextual nuances embedded within them. To address this, employing culturally equivalent strategies becomes crucial in faithfully representing the intended meaning. The process of translating through culture is not merely a mechanical task; it serves as a bridge fostering a profound understanding between different cultures. This bridge facilitates the effective communication of proverbial messages in the target language, exemplified by the proverb "Qabla ar-rima tumlau al-kanain." A literal translation fails to capture its essence, but a cultural approach reveals its Indonesian equivalent: "sedia paying sebelum hujan." This stark contrast underscores the necessity of cultural adaptation to convey the intended message accurately. This qualitative study relies on data sourced from various references, such as "Al-Balaghah Al-Wadhihah" and "Al-Amtsal Al-Arabiyyah Wa Al-Amtsal Al-Amiyah: Muqaranah Dalaliyah" by Al-hamzawi. Proverbs are extracted, and the research applies content analysis and a cultural adaptation approach. The fusion of Arabic proverbs with Indonesian counterparts from works like Dipo Udi's "Kumpulan Peribahasa Indonesia" and the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture's "500 Pepatah" allows for a comprehensive analysis. The findings affirm that cultural adaptation effectively conveys proverbial messages. This adaptation involves substituting proverbs with culturally relevant expressions, ensuring a seamless integration into the cultural context of the target language. Ultimately, this research sheds light on the significance of cultural sensitivity in translating proverbs for a more nuanced and accurate representation of their intended meanings.

COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS ON THE COMPETENCE OF THE INDONESIA’S FINANCIAL SERVICES AUTHORITY AND MONETARY AUTHORITY OF SINGAPORE ON THE ENFORCEMENT OF INSIDER TRADING LAWS

This article investigates the competencies of both Indonesian and Singaporean capital market supervisory and regulatory bodies, namely Otoritas Jasa Keuangan and the Monetary Authority of Singapore. It further assesses the effectiveness of each body in enforcing laws prohibiting insider trading specifically. It shall further evaluate the passiveness portrayed by the Indonesian counterpart when it comes to the eradication of day trading activities in the market as well as variables that are weighed in its implementation. A normative-empirical method is used for this article as it considers legal principles and legal systems, following a comparative approach. The materials relied on for this article include an interview with a capital market lawyer, an analysis of the law and other supporting documents, and a comparative study. The nature of competence for Indonesia and Singapore’s capital market supervisory and regulatory bodies is quite similar which adopt integrated approaches towards regulation and supervision of the capital market and with adequate authority to enforce their mandates. Since 2012, OJK has replaces the role of Bapepam-LK to administer the Capital Market Law as an independent body. OJK is responsible for enacting rules and other oversight of the sector.

Polymedia Model on the Information-Seeking of Young Urban Indonesian on Fashion and Their Perception on Japanese and Indonesian Brands.

In the digital era, urban youth face various media – including conventional media – to seek information related to fashion. Fashion items are one of the top three things Indonesian people buy, and Japanese fashion is one of the foreign brands they can mention. The media and information exposure affect their reaction and response toward the information. This study explored and compared Indonesian urban youth's information-seeking behavior about fashion and their perceptions of Japanese and Indonesian fashion brands. Data were collected through paper and pencil questionnaires administered to 291 students at four educational institutions in two major cities, with a diversity of age, gender, place of residence, religion, and education level. This study suggested that (1) young people used various media (polymedia), both conventional and new media. Digging up information directly to fashion brand outlets was a crucial choice, (2) information-seeking behavior was related to fashion brand perceptions. Perceptions of Japanese brands were better than their Indonesian counterparts, although it varied on different demographic characteristics and diversity of information-seeking patterns. This research has several implications: (1) fashion information must be conveyed to consumers as a unique person rather than as a collective person; (2) fashion information must be delivered either through conventional media – including direct shop visits, as well as new media, (3) Need to build a product as a global brand image.

Collocations of verb + time in English and verb + waktu in Indonesian: A Corpus-Driven Study of Time Metaphors

Time is one of the salient concepts in human life since we live and act in time. Thus, research investigating time is always intriguing yet perplexing. This study aims to describe the collocations of verbs with the most frequent lexical item for temporal concept, i.e., time. The present study also compared the collocations to those in Indonesian counterparts, that is verb + waktu. This is a corpus-driven study using two reference corpora, Corpus of Contemporary American English for English data, and Leipzig Corpus Collection for Indonesian data. The association measure used to identify the verb collocates is Mutual Information (MI) and the results of collocates in both languages were compared. The result of the study shows that there are 15 most frequent verb collocates of time and waktu for both English and Indonesian, e.g., have, spend, take, membutuhkan, memanfaatkan, memerlukan, etc. Of all these collocates, there are some similarities and differences that can be mapped. The similarities are associated with basic mappings of time metaphor, e.g., TIME IS MONEY, TIME IS A RESOURCE, TIME IS A COMMODITY, and TIME IS MOTION. Despite the similarity, some differences are also identified which might be affected by limited number of verb collocates analyzed in the present study (e.g., TIME IS A FLEXIBLE OBJECT, TIME IS A CONTAINER, TIME IS A BEING, TIME IS A VICTIM). The results of the study can be used as a reference for teachers in teaching or designing teaching materials on time expressions or time metaphor.

An Assessment of Economic and Financial Impacts of Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway Project

In this paper, we assess the economic and financial impacts of the proposed Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway project. Our assessment following Zou et. al. (2018) suggests that, over the long run, the project may increase the combined income of Jakarta, the neighbouring province Karawang and the country’s major industrial centre Bandung, by an estimated 12-18%, by increasing ‘market access’, by the firms in the region, under several assumptions. We estimated that the project will increase Indonesian real GDP by almost 0.4%, mostly during its construction phase, with certain assumptions on the returns to capital. On the other hand, although the project is expected to generate over 40,000 jobs in Indonesia, according to several sources, the project may entail an immediate loss of over 2,000 traditional jobs around the track. In addition, Transit Oriented Development plans, such as tourist spot in Walini, residential complex around the project site etc. are likely to affect community farming and water supply in the region. Therefore, we assessed that the success of the project is subjected to several legal and institutional barriers including ongoing issues related to the land acquisition. The sluggish progress of the project exerts financial risk to the stakeholders, especially since the project has no ‘guarantee’ from the Indonesian government. We estimated that the China Development Bank, as a majority fundraiser, bears a significantly large portion of the risk than the other stakeholders in the project. The financial risks faced by the Indonesian counterpart, on the other hand, is significantly lower. Keywords : High-speed rail, market access, economic growth, risks,

Assessing Thai Nursing College Students’ Speaking Ability through the Perspectives of Their Indonesian Counterparts

Abstract Assessing Thai Nursing College Students’ Speaking Ability Through The Perspectives of Their Indonesian Counterparts The need for improving speaking skills is inevitable in some areas of majors. Nursing students are expected to have a good command of English due to the available opportunities to work abroad. The existence of an academic exchange program could be viewed as one of the alternative learning activities that may fit the needs of the learning experience for EFL students. This study was a qualitative research that aimed at finding communication problems encountered by Indonesian nursing students in their interactions with their counterparts during the academic exchange program held in a nursing college in Thailand. The results of the study showed that the communication problems encountered by Indonesian nursing students due to Thai students speaking ability were in terms of mispronunciations, incorrect word choices, and grammatical errors. Subsequently, it was also found that Thai nursing students used several strategies to cope with their speaking problems by asking for assistance, miming, and making repetition. This research eventually suggests a number of recommendations for students to 1). avoid using their first language even though they communicate with their own friends in the group. 2). share as much information as possible to activate their speaking strategies. 3). have self-confidence in all interactions with TNS. 4). avoid unnecessary jokes, mocking TNS due to different cultural values. Subsequently, a number of activities prior to the academic exchange should also be conducted in terms of 1). practices in formulating questions, 2.) introduction to Thai culture, 3). Introduction to Thai spoken English.

A Contrastive Analysis between English and Indonesian Noun Phrases in The Utterances of The Character “Killmonger” in The Movie “Black Panther 2018”

The movie “Black Panther (2018)” was directed by Ryan Coogler and starred Chadwick Boseman (T’Challa), and Michael B Jordan (Erik Killmonger). It is a movie based on the Marvel Comics and set in the fictional African nation of Wakanda. Using descriptive qualitative method, this Thesis entitled “A Contrastive Analysis Between English and Indonesian Noun Phrases in The Utterances of The Character ‘Killmonger’ In The Movie ‘Black Panther 2018’”, was done to find out similarities and differences between English and Indonesian Noun Phrases through a contrastive analysis according to Jumanto (2017), in which selection and description are made in table form and below the table, the comparison, prediction and verification of lay translators learning problems are made. Furthermore, the noun phrases were categorized by the arrangement of modifiers as Standard Noun Phrases. This is a construction where the arrangement of modifiers is found around the noun headword. Constructions include, Head + Modifier, Modifier + Head, and Modifier + Head + Modifier. After a contrastive analysis, we have found out now that noun phrases in English and Indonesian are similar constructions except for a few cases. In this research, 100 data of noun phrases were discovered from the utterances of “Killmonger.” Most English noun phrases are structured M+H where the modifier are usually before the noun headword. Its Indonesian counterparts are of opposite constructions H+M . This shows that modifiers in the Indonesian noun phrase are mostly found after the noun headword. While most of the modifiers in both languages are similar, in the Indonesian language, there is a unique modifier in form of a suffix . Nevertheless, when translated, both noun phrases have similar meaning but slightly different constructions i.e. Your ancestors (M+H) – Leluhurmu (H+M), Panther claws in his chest (M+H+M) – Cakar panther di dadanya (H+M)

The Paradox of Managerial Dividend Policy in Corporate Malaysia

The prime objective of this paper is to survey the managers of Bursa Malaysia listed non-financial firms and to divulge their views regarding the significance of various potential factors that may affect dividend decisions. In addition to that, we are also interested in highlighting that how managerial perception about the importance of these factors varies from country to country. Our next objective is to know the level of importance, Malaysian managers give to dividend processes and pattern, firm value. Dividend policy (DP) and residual dividend policy (RDP). Finally, we are interested in measuring the level of support that Malaysian managers provide for different justifications for the payment of dividends. Survey instrument including a cover letter was mailed to chief finance officers (CFO) and finance managers of 493 Bursa Malaysia listed firms in October 2017. In the cover letter, a request was made to all respondents that in case of their non-involvement in dividend decision the letter must be forwarded to concerned authority involved in dividend decisions. The response rate of the current study is 40.09 percent (202 out of 493 firms). The study has used a mail survey of Bursa Malaysia listed non-financial firms that have paid at least one cash dividend during the period of 2013-2016 as a primary means of collecting data. No single pattern in rankings of factors among different countries has emerged. However, like their American, Canadian and Indonesian counterparts, According to Malaysian managers, dividend decisions have a significant effect on firm value. Although, a great deal of support has already been established with all dividend theories, however clientele and agency theory has proven to be the strongest one. In author’s knowledge, this is the first study designed to explore the views of Malaysian managers on DP in Malaysia.

The Workplace-Entitlements Knowledge of Filipino and Indonesian Domestic Workers in Singapore

Awareness of her workplace entitlements augments a migrant worker’s ability to assert her employment rights. Using an original survey instrument, we construct a composite index of workplace-entitlement awareness among 98 Indonesian and Filipina migrant domestic workers employed in Singapore, assessing their knowledge of their rights to retain their personal documents, receive regular salary payments, and receive a weekly rest day. Multiple regression analysis reveals that awareness levels remain low across both nationality groups though Filipina domestic workers are significantly more rights-aware than their Indonesian counterparts due to a variety of information sources.

DNA barcoding data release for Coleoptera from the Gunung Halimun canopy fogging workpackage of the Indonesian Biodiversity Information System (IndoBioSys) project.

We present the results of a DNA barcoding pipeline that was established as part of the German-Indonesian IndobioSys project - Indonesian Biodiversity Information System. Our data release provides the first large-scale diversity assessment of Indonesian coleoptera obtained by canopy fogging. The project combined extensive fieldwork with databasing, DNA barcode based species delineation and the release of results in collaboration with Indonesian counterparts, aimed at supporting further analyses of the data. Canopy fogging on 28 trees was undertaken at two different sites, Cikaniki and Gunung Botol, in the south-eastern area of the Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park in West Java, Indonesia. In total, 7,447 specimens of Coleoptera were processed, of which 3,836 specimens produced DNA barcode sequences that were longer than 300 bp. A total of 3,750 specimens were assigned a Barcode Index Number (BIN), including 2,013 specimens from Cikaniki and 1,737 specimens from Gunung Botol. The 747 BINs, that were obtained, represented 39 families of Coleoptera. The distribution of specimens with BINs per tree was quite heterogeneous in both sites even in terms of the abundance of specimens or diversity of BINs. The specimen distribution per taxon was heterogeneous as well. Some 416 specimens could not be identified to family level, corresponding to 72 BINs that lack a family level identification. The data have shown a large heterogeneity in terms of abundance and distribution of BINs between sites, trees and families of Coleoptera. From the total of 747 BINs that were recovered, 421 (56%) are exclusive from a single tree. Although the two study sites were in close proximity and separated by a distance of only about five kilometres, the number of shared BINs between sites is low, with 81 of the 747 BINs. With this data release, we expect to shed some light on the largely hidden diversity in the canopy of tropical forests in Indonesia and elsewhere.

Sexual Violence in Indonesia and Malaysia: A Comparative Study

Sexual violence (rape) especially committed by boyfriend has been growing rapidly these days. However, the Penal Code cannot be dealt with this issue. In such a case, the sexual intercourse is usually conducted without violence or under threat of violence, but rather based on consent (love). Penal reform should address this issue to accord with the current global development. This paper describes the comparison between the Indonesian Penal Code and the Malaysian Penal Code in regulating rape. The result shows that the formulation of rape in Malaysian Penal Code is broader than its Indonesian counterpart. Under the Malaysian Penal Code, rape is punishable whether it is conducted with or without consent. It seems that the penal reform in Indonesia should adopt the Malaysian approach in order to provide better protection for women from sexual violence. This is also in line with the Beijing Declaration 1993 and the development of the issues in other countries.

Translation and Markedness

Translation is a task which involves different aspects of linguistics. Producing equivalent degree of markedness is one of linguistic competences which should be owned by the translators. This ability has a contribution in maintaining the thematic structure and the propositional meaning through the translation process. The present study is a descriptive analytical corpus-based aimed to analyze (1) the translation of English marked structures, those are passive, it-cleft, existential and pseudo-cleft into Indonesian, and (2) the ways presenting the thematic structures in the target language. The development of English marked sentences involves thematization process, therefore analyzing the ways in translating these marked sentences and transferring the thematic structures to their Indonesian counterparts are interesting to be conducted. The corpus found in an English book entitled The Intelligent Investor and its Indonesian translation. The corpus is a parallel data consists of 191 marked English sentences and their Indonesian translations. Comparative analysis conducted to the data showed that 78.5% of the marked English sentences were translated into marked sentences in Indonesian. Translating the marked English sentences into Indonesian marked sentences supported the process of preserving the information.

Adjusting for heterogeneous response thresholds in cross-country comparisons of self-reported health

Abstract Comparisons of subjective scale measures across countries can be distorted by the use of different response thresholds in different countries. Anchoring vignettes are a survey tool designed to address this problem, and are becoming widely used to adjust comparisons of subjective measures across groups, primarily within countries or across relatively similar high-income countries. This paper expands the existing literature by comparing six domains of self-reported health across the United States, England, and two countries with very different income levels, cultures, and geographic locations – Indonesia and China. In the raw data, respondents from the U.S. and England appear to be in worse health than their Indonesian and Chinese counterparts, but across the majority of health domains, this relationship completely reverses once I account for threshold differences.

COMPARING HEDGES USED BY ENGLISH AND INDONESIAN SCHOLARS IN PUBLISHED RESEARCH ARTICLES: A CORPUS-BASED STUDY

The study examines whether English and Indonesian research articles written by their respective native speaker scholars are significantly different from each other in terms of the number of hedges used. Hedges are rhetorical features (e.g. may, perhaps, suggest) used to withhold complete commitment to the truth-value of propositions. The ultimate goal of the study is to examine whether Indonesian scholars need special instruction in hedging propositions. The assumption underlying the present study is that when they write in English, Indonesian scholars will deploy rhetorical features inherent in the Indonesian academic writing. Statistical analysis on 52 Applied Linguistics research articles (26 from each language) reveals that English research articles contain significantly more hedges than their Indonesian counterparts (Mann-Whitney U = 68.00, n1 = n2 = 26, p < 0.05, r = - 0.69), suggesting that Indonesian scholars are indeed in need of instruction that specifically focuses on hedging propositions in English.

Cultural and political relations between Malay(sian) writers and their Indonesian counterparts, 1950–1965

This paper aims to explore the historical processes of Malaya-Indonesia literary links and networks in 1950–1965. The focus is on how Malay writers, most of whom were political activists and journalists as well, sought inspiration from Indonesia in their creative processes as a part of the struggle for the Malayan independence. As a preliminary study, this paper is limited to showing the links the Malay writers built with their Indonesian counterparts, and how these links affected and were affected by the political relations between the two countries, especially during the “Confrontation” era in 1963–1965.

Differential Item Functioning: Item Level Analysis of TIMSS Mathematics Test Items Using Australian and Indonesian Database

The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) aims to provide a broad perspective for evaluating and improving education. This assessment also ranks the participant countries based on their performance and makes inferences about factors affecting achievement and learning. However, the study may not function as it was expected because of differences in curricular, cultural, or language settings among countries. Consequently, this challenges assumptions about measurement equivalency. The present study aims to assess the equivalency of mathematics items on the TIMSS (2007) study across Australian and Indonesia. Students’ responses were subjected to Rasch analysis to determine DIF items. The results revealed that many items of mathematics tests are problematic because they showed significant bias. The study also found that Australian students performed better and found mathematics items on the test easier than their Indonesian counterparts did. Several factors such as curricular differences, methods used to solve mathematics problems, availability of textbooks and teachers’ quality might explain the existence of DIF between the countries. These findings indicate that serious limitations of using TIMSS results in comparing the performance of students across countries. Thus, further empirical evidence is needed before TIMSS 2007 results can be meaningfully used in research.