Indonesian Agency For Agricultural Research And Development Research Articles

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Dunia Industri dalam Melisensi Teknologi

The Era of globalization requires every country to always improve their technology in order to provide competitiveness products. One of the factors to increase the country’s competitiveness index is by adopting technology by industry through product licence. Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) is one of the national R&D institutions that have a role to invent a product for society (non commercial) and industry (commercial through product licence). In the past five years (2015-2019), the total of license between IAARD and the industry slowly decreasing. This study aimed to find out industry’s perceived of IAARD’s technology and factors influenced the industrial decision to license IAARD technology. This research was involving 80 respondents from 57 industries as a license partner (2015-2019). Data analysis technique used was top two boxes for descriptive anaylisis and SEMPLS using SmartPLS version 3.0. The result showed that product innovation and perceived risk have a significant effect on industrial decision to license. Product quality and promotion have no significant effect on industrial decision to license.

Preface

The 3rd International Conference on Agricultural Postharvest Handling and Processing (ICAPHP) is organized by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Postharvest Research and Development (ICAPRD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture, the Republic of Indonesia, in cooperation with Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Indonesian Center of Excellence (PUI), and supported by Indonesian Association of Post-Harvest Technologists (PATPINDO) and Food Review.Following the successful 1st ICAPHP in 2013 and the 2nd ICAPHP in 2018, the 3rd ICAPHP will be held on October 12 - 13th 2021 in Bogor, Indonesia with the theme “Agricultural Postharvest Handling and Processing Innovation: Strengthening Global Food Security”. The 3rd ICAPHP is aimed to bring together national and international researchers, industry practitioners, policy makers, regulators, students, and communities to share and discuss their latest works, best practices, and knowledge in the field of agricultural postharvest handling and processing, and related areas strengthening food security. The 3rd ICAPHP will be a combination of online and limited offline conference implementing the Covid-19 precautions.This conference will present and discuss main issues which will be delivered by a keynote speaker and eight of invited speakers, and is divided into 2 plenary sessions. The first plenary session will present the main theme regarding Agricultural Postharvest Handling and Processing Innovation: Strengthening Global Food Security, meanwhile the second plenary session will present the theme regarding Postharvest Technology Updates including supporting themes corresponding to the scopes of the conference. In addition, selected scientific papers will be oral presented, and the remaining papers will be poster presented and shown throughout the conference. All of the papers aim to be published in the International Proceedings indexed by Scopus.The 3rd ICAPHP Committee express great gratitude to all participants, exhibitors, and sponsors for all participation and contributions. Looking forward to another opportunity of seeing you again in the next ICAPHP.List of Conference Note, Welcoming Speech, Remarks, Keynote Speech, List Of Content, List Of Presenter, List Of Participants are available in this pdf.

Diversity of Quantitative and Qualitative Characters of Rice Grain from Riau Province, Indonesia

<p class="IsiAbstrak">Rice is grown in almost all regions in Indonesia, including Riau Province, as a staple food. Although rice is the most widely grown food crop in comparison to other crops, rice production from this region has not been able to meet the needs of the Riau population. To meet the needs of rice, the people of Riau still have to bring it from other regions. Riau Province has a large collection of diverse rice germplasm for food self-sufficiency. Several rice accessions from the area have been collected and conserved in the Genebank of the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), located at Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD). This study was intended to assess the diversity of rice from Riau Province based on the grain characteristics. A total of 25 rice accessions from Riau which were conserved in the IAARD-ICABIOGRAD Genebank were examined. Grain length, shape, color, and other grain-related characters were observed following the international standard descriptors for rice by IRRI and IBPGR. While the thousand-grain weight was measured using the standardized operational procedure from ISTA. The grain diversity was analyzed using the NTSYS-pc software version 2.2. The average of length, width, and thickness of the unhulled paddy was measured at 7.9, 3.0, and 1.9 mm, respectively. The weight of 1,000 grains ranged from 20.37 to 25.67 with an average of 23.02 g. Most of the accessions had a brown furrow or spot on straw background lemma-palea, with a straw apiculus a medium-sized sterile lemma, and were awnless. The majority of the rice grain was medium size, measuring 5.24 mm in length and 2.24 mm in width. White grain makes up the majority of the accessions. Accessions from Riau can be divided into five groups based on the seven characteristics of rice grains. Those groupings were unrelated to the district from which the accessions were obtained, illustrating the beyond boundaries of germplasm distribution and transfer of germplasm within this district.</p>

The 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Plantation (ICSP): Improving Added Value of Plantation Crops through Sustainable Plantation

A. SUMMARY OF CONFERENCE 1. Introduction 1.1. Background The Covid-19 pandemic has caused shocks not only in the health aspect but also in all aspects of the global community‟s life. It has significant effect in all sectors of the economy, including the agricultural sector. However, the agricultural sector, including the plantation sub-sector, is a sector that has been able to survive and even shows positive growth. On the other hand, the agricultural commodities from the plantation sector have been significant in job opportunities and export earnings. Major plantation crops such as oil palm, coconut, sago palm, rubber, coffee, cacao, tea, pepper, clove, medicinal plants, and sugarcane may continue their significant contribution to the economy of many tropical countries. These countries will still dominate as the world‟s leading producers of those plantations, at least soon. Plantation and agricultural sectors are labor-intensive. As these sectors are steadily expanding, a reliable workforce requirement has become one of the major issues resulting in huge dependency on capacity development to fulfill the rising need.The 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Plantation (ICSP) was virtually-held in collaboration between the Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University with Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development (ICECRD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), with involving the Indonesian Palmae Crops Research Institute (IPCRI), Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMCRI), and Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops ResearchList of Table, Images, Paper Publication, Funding Acknowledgements, Special Acknowledgements, List Of Committee, Organizing Committee are available in this pdf.

Strategy of Rice Variety Technology Transfer for Supporting the Agricultural Inventions Commercialization

Innovation is an important aspect in the nation's competitiveness. Technology transfer is required to bring invention into innovation. However, the implementation technology transfer, especially commercialization technology is still considerably low. This challenge is faced by Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) to commercialize Indonesian rice varieties. Adoption and interest of Industry in the commercialization of varieties invented by IAARD in 2019 was only 11%. This study aims to build roadmap business strategy for commercialization rice varieties invented by IAARD. The method used in this research was a business model canvas approach, SWOT analysis, and a strategic roadmap. The results showed that there were 11 strategies that can be applied in four approaches , namely a) intensive strategy: expanding and mapping new customer segmentation, optimizing promotion mechanisms and attracting new partners, and strengthening the organizational structure of implementing technology transfer, b) turn-around strategy: adding and increasing HR competence, planning R&D activities by measuring Technology Readiness Level (TRL or TKT), and increasing the capacity of facilities and infrastructure, c) diversification strategy: improving the quality of rice varieties and commercial technology transfer services, pre-licensing, and d) consolidation strategy: building information systems, collaborative alliances with stakeholders, and valuation of intangible assets. The strategies were described in 19 programs mapped on a strategy roadmap of transfer of technology on commercialization rice variety invented by IAARD.

TINJAUAN HISTORIS TEKNOLOGI VARIETAS UNGGUL DAN PROGRAM INTENSIFIKASI DALAM PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADI BERKELANJUTAN

<p class="A04-abstrak2">The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) has created various technology packages, significantly superior rice varieties with high yields and resistance to various pests and diseases. Since 1943 hundreds of superior varieties of rice have been released. However, domestic rice production has yet to be able to meet the national rice needs. One of the main problems is the decrease in fertile land due to continuous land conversion. Hence, the mainstay in increasing rice production is to escalate productivity through technological improvements. Therefore, IAARD continues to create new high-yielding rice varieties through plant breeding. More than 200 high-yielding varieties of rice have been produced to meet the challenge of increasing productivity. This paper aims to examine the historical profile of the creation of superior rice varieties in line with intensification programs and their role in increasing national rice production. The study was conducted using a desk study approach by examining secondary data and literature from various publications. The study results showed that creating high-yielding varieties accompanied by various intensification programs had increased rice productivity sustainably. The challenge for IAARD is the creation of new high-yielding varieties with higher yields than those currently available.</p>

PREFACE: The 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Cereals and Crops Production Systems in the Tropics (ICFST)

The 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Cereals and Crops Production Systems in the Tropics (ICFST) was held on 23-24 September 2021 in Harper Hotel Makassar, Indonesia. The Conference was organized by Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD)-Ministry of Agriculture of Indonesia, collaborated with International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of Indonesia.The theme of the conference is “Strengthening Agricultural Resources Management to Support Food Security and Industry 4.0” with the sub themes of Breeding and Biotechnology, Crop Production Systems, Pest and Disease Management, Post Harvest, Socio-Economy and Community Development. The conference was conducted in two days offline/on site and virtual scientific sessions. Due to the pandemic reason, offline/on site meeting was limited to a maximum of 100 participants and the remaining 900 participants joined via virtual zoom meeting. The conference facilitate the research community focusing in food crops and provide platform for scientists to meet and interact with each other to share their knowledge and their research results along with the obstacles and challenges they faced in their development, achievement as well as experiences through the presentation of papers and discussion. This international conference is also an event to establish cooperation in the development of food crops research in the future as well as enhancing the knowledge of environmental protection with the current agricultural technologies.We would like to convey our deepest gratitude to the Minister of Agriculture of Indonesia, Keynote Speakers: Dr Kevin Pixley (Director of Genetic Resources Program CIMMYT & the CGIAR Research Program), Prof. Keerti S. Rathore (Texas A&M University, USA), Dr. Juan Landivar Bowles (Texas Agrilive-USA), Prof Bunyamin Tar’an (University of Saskatchewan Canada), Dr. Yu Shin Nai (Chung Sing University-Taiwan), Dr. Naori Miyazawa (Nagoya University), sponsors, organizing committee and also to all participants.We also would like to express our deepest gratitude to the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) conducted such conference. We are looking forward to the 3rd ICFST that will be held on September 2023 in Bali Island. We expect that these future ICFST conference will be as stimulating as this most recent one was, as indicated by the contributions presented in this proceedings volume.Makassar, 23-24 September 2021IAARDIndonesiaList of Committees, conference photograph are available in this Pdf.

The implementation of jarwosuper technology to increase rice productivity and supports food self-sufficiency in Riau Province

The availability of agricultural land, especially rice fields, which covers an area of 8.08 million hectares has not been able to meet Indonesia’s food needs. The low rice productivity (around 3.5 - 4.5 tonnes/ha) in Riau Province are strategic issues today and in the future. Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD)has produced various technological innovations that able to increase rice productivity, one of them is Jarwo Super technology. This study aimed to examine the application of jarwo super technology to increase rice productivity and support food self-sufficiency in Riau Province. This research was conducted through literature studies and field surveys. The method of planting legowo row has the opportunity to increase grain yield, because in addition to the higher population than the tile planting method, the orientation of the crop is also better in the use of solar radiation. In addition, the increase in grain yield will be more significant by choosing adaptive varieties. The application of super jarwo technology innovation, the productivity of rice plants reached 5.73 tonnes/ha higher than the tile method of 5.25 tonnes/ha of harvested dry grain.

Increasing productivity of red chilies using Proliga cultivation technology and high yielding varieties

In Solok District, West Sumatra Province, farmers plant curly red chilies using the local variety Sukarami with simple cultivation technology. The resulting productivity is around 6-7 tonnes /ha. The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) has introduced cultivation technology for red chilies namely ‘Proliga’ to increase productivity. The experiment was conducted in Sukarami Field Station in Solok Regency. Four treatments with Six replication have been applied, (1) Proliga cultivation technology using Kopay Variety (Proliga Kopay), (2) Proliga cultivation technology using Kencana Variety (Proliga Kencana), (3) Proliga cultivation technology using Sukarami Variety (Proliga Sukarami), (4) Farmer’s cultivation technology using Sukarami Local Variety. The results show that the application of Proliga technology increases the yield. The largest increases were obtained through the application of Proliga technology using Sukarami local variety, with a revenue value of Rp. 209,448 million / ha or an increase of 57.44% compared to the Farmer’s cultivation technology using Sukarami Local Variety. The R/C and MBCR values of the Proliga Sukarami technology are 1.51 and 2.36 respectively.

Assessing Opportunities to Increase Yield and Profit in Rainfed Lowland Rice Systems in Indonesia

In this study, we aimed to improve rice farmers’ productivity and profitability in rainfed lowlands through appropriate crop and nutrient management by closing the rice yield gap during the dry season in the rainfed lowlands of Indonesia. The Integrated Crop Management package, involving recommended practices (RP) from the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), were compared to the farmers’ current practices at ten farmer-participatory demonstration plots across ten provinces of Indonesia in 2019. The farmers’ practices (FP) usually involved using old varieties in their remaining land and following their existing fertilizer management methods. The results indicate that improved varieties and nutrient best management practices in rice production, along with water reservoir infrastructure and information access, contribute to increasing the productivity and profitability of rice farming. The mean rice yield increased significantly with RP compared with FP by 1.9 t ha−1 (ranges between 1.476 to 2.344 t ha−1), and net returns increased, after deducting the cost of fertilizers and machinery used for irrigation supplements, by USD 656 ha−1 (ranges between USD 266.1 to 867.9 ha−1) per crop cycle. This represents an exploitable yield gap of 37%. Disaggregated by the wet climate of western Indonesia and eastern Indonesia’s dry climate, the RP increased rice productivity by 1.8 and 2.0 t ha−1, with an additional net return gain per cycle of USD 600 and 712 ha−1, respectively. These results suggest that there is considerable potential to increase the rice production output from lowland rainfed rice systems by increasing cropping intensity and productivity. Here, we lay out the potential for site-specific variety and nutrient management with appropriate crop and supplemental irrigation as an ICM package, reducing the yield gap and increasing farmers’ yield and income during the dry season in Indonesia’s rainfed-prone areas.

Preface

The ICSTLM 2020, International Conference on Sustainable Tropical Land Management, is the first international conference on tropical land organized by the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Land Resources Research and Development (ICALRRD) on behalf of the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD). This first conference was held virtually due to COVID-19 pandemic on September 16-18, 2020, Jakarta time, put the theme of “Adapting land management to climate change and combating land degradation to increase resilience of agricultural systems” and invited well-known international experts as speakers in plenary. Moreover, Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, Dr. Syahrul Yasin Limpo, was show his great attention to this event and pleased to give opening remarks. ICSTLM 2020 can be enjoyed at: https://seminarbbsdlp.id/icstlm/index.php/en/.The conference drew widely concern where around 500 participants per day, coming from 35 research institutions, universities, and government offices based in over 15 countries, were attended in both a plenary and 5 parallel sessions regarding sub-themes: 1) land use, land suitability, and risk mappings – the relationship with agricultural sustainability (LULS), 2) soil, water, and crop management and the socio-economic dimensions (SWCM), 3) adaptation and mitigation to climate change (CC), 4) soil quality assessment: morphological, physical, biological, chemical and geological aspects to support agricultural sustainability (SQA), and 5) digital and precision agriculture (DPA).More than 200 accepted papers, which carefully screened on the basis of their quality and their relevance to the conference theme, were presented orally in those parallel sessions during three consecutive days using Zoom Breakout Room platform. Presenters, participants, and facilitator were interacted online in each parallel class, while presentation files and Q/A session were managed carefully by Committee. High quality of internet connection, professional members of ICSTLM Committee, and the very cooperative presenters and attendees were the keys of the success of ICSTLM 2020.All accepted papers were then peer-reviewed by scientific editorial board and reviewers who fit with their expertise. All reviewers have doctoral degree and experience on publishing scientific papers in reputable international journal. Furthermore, ICSTLM Committee took full attention to the plagiarism issue, writing format, and proper layout to guarantee the papers’ quality.I am gratefully thanked to the editorial board member and the reviewers for pouring their valuable time and advice to meet the quality of papers. Thank also to authors for presenting their work at conference, considering the reviewers’ suggestion for improving their papers’ quality, and for publishing in this volume. My sincere appreciation to Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, all ICSTLM Committee, facilitators, co-organizer, and all other participants for their support in ICSTLM 2020.December 2020 Dr. Husnain Director of ICALRRD List of Editorial Board, Reviewers are available in this pdf.

Controlling Biodiversity Data in the Agricultural Gene Bank Using Service-Oriented Architecture

Indonesia is one of the world’s richest nations in biodiversity. Genetic resources management features a wide range of activities involving various agencies and organizations. Nowadays, data and information on genetic and biodiversity resources are still unintegrated between agencies and institutions. This causes a situation called information silo, which leads to management information systems being ineffective and inefficient. In order to overcome this problem, a flexible, interoperable architecture control is needed. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is an appropriate approach to control distributed and heterogeneous systems to integrate genetic resources data and information systems at the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD). The SOA system is built by the SOMA method, which consists of some methods. The results show that the new system runs well and it is more effective and efficient than the previous one.

The use of podcast in disseminating agricultural technology innovation: A SWOT analysis

Downloadable audio files called podcasts have become popular within many areas of communication. Agricultural technology and innovation disseminators may wish to deliver their work to a larger audience but may not know how. The present study aims to explore the use of podcast series as a media for disseminating agricultural technology innovation and demonstrate the sustainability, and acceptance level of this dissemination platform. The agricultural technology innovation produced by Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture were used as an input in creating a weekly series of agricultural and technology review podcasts. Based on the analysis of the SWOT approach, the right strategy in developing podcasts in the future is a weakness and opportunity strategy, where podcasts are a new thing that has several weaknesses as well as opportunities to be developed.

Tropical fruit research and development programs of Indonesian Tropical Fruits Research Institute (ITFRI)

Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) is one of the research institutes under the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. The responsibility of ITFRI is to produce technologies for increasing competitiveness of tropical fruit agribusiness in the global market. The priority commodities handled are divided into main and potential commodities. The main commodities are banana, mango, mangosteen, and durian, while the potential commodities are papaya, snake fruit, watermelon, Cucumis melo, pineapple, and breadfruit. Research activities of ITFRI could be divided into three groups namely fruits breeding and genetic resources, ecophysiology, and plant protection. This paper will explain the role of ITFRI to support food security through fruit research and development activities.

Farmers’ response towards the introduction of NASA 29, a double-ear maize variety developed by IAARD

Development and dissemination of NASA 29 has been carried out on a massive scale by the Ministry of Agriculture, especially the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD). Year 2014-2018 Agricultural Research and Development Performance listed NASA 29 as the most widely cultivated IAARD maize varieties in that period. This isparticularly supported by the use of NASA 29 as a superior variety in national-scale agricultural programs. In the long run, it is necessary to ensure the continuing use of NASA 29 independently by farmers. This study aims to determine the response of farmers to the performance of NASA 29 which was introduced by IAARD. The study was conducted using survey approach (ex-ante and ex-post) to cooperative farmers in the NASA 29 development area during 2017-2018 in 4 districts of 3 provinces, namely Lamongan (East Java), East Lombok (West Nusa Tenggara), Sumbawa (West Nusa Tenggara), and Berau (East Kalimantan). The parameters explored in the survey included characteristics and responses of farmers to NASA 29 attributes. The data collected were analysed descriptively and NASA 29‘s performance was measured using Importance and Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) measurements. The results showed that the average level of NASA 29 attribute performance was 3.86 on a 5.00 scale. This shows that the response of farmers to the performance of NASA 29 attributes is in the “quite satisfied” category. While the average value of the importance level of NASA 29 attributes to farmers is 3.84 from a scale of 5.00. This shows that according to farmers, these attributes are “quite important” to them. Overall, the response of farmers to NASA 29 attribute levels exceeded farmers’ expectations. However, to maximize the satisfaction of farmers, users need to improve the performance of each of these attributes. Farmer satisfaction with NASA 29‘s performance is indicated by a CSI value of 77.28%. This value indicates that overall farmers were “quite satisfied” with the performance of the NASA 29 attributes. Improved performance of each attribute can be done at a minimum of 2.72% points so that the assessment of farmer users can be improved to be “satisfied” with the NASA 29 attributes. Further identified NASA 29 performance improvements need to be prioritized on attributes related to production costs that are still not considered efficient and affordable.

Preface

The International Conference on Sustainable Cereals and Crops Production Systems in the Tropics (ICFST) was held on 23-25 September 2019 in Makassar, Indonesia. The Conference was organized by Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD)-Ministry of Agriculture of Indonesia, collaborated with International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of Indonesia.The theme of the conference is “Sustainable Agricultural Resources Management to Support Food Security and Industry 4.0” with the sub themes of Breeding and Biotechnology, Crop Production Systems, Pest and Disease Management, Post Harvest, Socio-Economy and Community Development. The conference was conducted in three days, two days of scientific session and one day of field visit to the Indonesian Cereals Research Institute. The conference facilitate the research community focusing in food crops and provide platform for scientists to meet and interact with each other to share their knowledge and their research results along with the obstacles and challenges they faced in their development, achievement as well as experiences through the presentation of papers and discussion. This international conference is also an event to establish cooperation in the development of food crops research in the future as well as enhancing the knowledge of environmental protection with the current agricultural technologies.We would like to convey our deepest gratitude to the Minister of Agriculture of Indonesia, Keynote Speakers: Dr B.M. Prasanna (Director of CIMMYT’s Global Maize Program & the CGIAR Research Program), Prof. Dr Machito Mihara (Tokyo Agricultural University), Thomas E. Anderson, PhD (US Department of Agriculture), Prof Roger Shivas (University of Southern Queensland), Prof Bunyamin Tar’an (University of Saskatchewan Canada), sponsors, organizing committee and also to all participants.We also would like to express our deepest gratitude to the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) conducted such conference. We are looking forward to the 2nd ICFST that will be held on September 2020 in Bali Island . We expect that these future ICFST conference will be as stimulating as this most recent one was, as indicated by the contributions presented in this proceedings volume.List of Committees Steering Committee (SC) and conference photographs are available in this PDF.

Growth and productivity of several hybrid maize varieties on alluvial soil of Madura in dry season

Although the productivity is very low, maize cultivation on Madura island still uses the local varieties. Considering this situation a field assessment was carried out in Larangan Slampar Village Tlanakan District Pamekasan Regency from May to August 2017. The study was aimed to determine the performance of several national hybrid maize varieties that especially released by the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD). The experiment was arranged in a randomized completely block design with three replications. The treatments were five superior varieties of the IAARD namely Bima 9, Bima 14, Bima 16, Bima 20, and HJ 21, and one local variety of Madura as a control. The result showed that new varieties tested especially Bima 9 and Bima 14 gave the best performance and significantly different to local variety in some agronomic parameters namely plant height, width and length of leaves and yield. Almost of all agronomic parameters had a positive correlation to the yield. The yield was increased up to 483.87% and the benefit up to 555,67 % than local variety. Based on this research and by the choosing of local farmers, both varieties were recommended as a specific location varieties in dry season planting time.

Performance of several varieties of maize and upland rice in the intercropping system in Northern Gorontalo

This study aims to: 1) knowing the performance of several varieties of maize and upland rice on the application of monoculture and intercropping system cultivation technology, and 2) Financially analyzing maize and upland rice farming with monoculture and intercropping systems in dry land agroecosystems in Gorontalo Province. This assessment activity was carried out with a participatory approach involving 15 cooperative farmers on 12 ha of land in Durian Village, Gentuma Raya District, North Gorontalo Regency on dry climate dry land agroecosystem with a wavy topography in 2018. Maize varieties planted were Nasa 29, Bima 2, Bima 20, HJ 21, JH 27, Bisi 18, NK 22, and Pioneer 35. The varieties of upland rice planted were Situ Bagendit, Inpago 8, Inpago 11, Inpari 42, Ponelo, and Towuti. The results of the study showed that the average productivity of maize with a monoculture system (5.13 t / ha) was higher than the average productivity of maize with an intercropping system (3.61 t / ha). In the monoculture system, maize varieties with the highest productivity was JH 27 (6.4 t / ha). In the intercropping system, maize varieties of the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) of BIMA 2 achieved the highest productivity at 4.83 t / ha. The average productivity of upland rice with a monoculture system (4.46 t / ha) was higher than the average productivity of upland rice with an intercropping system (2.17 t / ha). In the monoculture system, the highest productivity was Inpago 11 variety (5.67 t / ha). Whereas in the intercropping system, the highest productivity was the Ponelo variety (3.95 t / ha). Based on farming financial analysis, efficient farming systems were successively from highest to low, namely upland rice monoculture, maize intercropping systems with upland rice, and maize monoculture.

Effectiveness of Innovation Dissemination in Efforts to Increase Adoption of Sustainable Rice Innovation using LISREL

The main issue related to the role of innovation-producing institutions during the last two decades is the limited innovation adopted by end users. The aim of this study was to (1) analyze the perceptions of researchers-extension agents-farmers about the accuracy and speed of innovation,(2) analyze the factors that influence the accuracy and speed of adoption and diffusion of innovation, and (3) formulate effective strategies for disseminating innovation in the future. The study was conducted through a survey approach, from March to December 2018 at rice production centers in Central Java and West Java Provinces, Indonesia. Number of respondents (n) was 270 rice farmers. The first objective was answered using descriptive analysis and tabulation, while the second and third objectives were answered using Structural Equation Models (SEM) with LISREL software version 8.72. SEM analysis is a combination of factor analysis, path analysis and regression. The results of the study indicated differences in perceptions within researchers-extension agents-farmers about the accuracy of innovation. The effectiveness of dissemination is very strongly represented by indicators of time and quality accuracies. The effectiveness of dissemination is at the same time a factor influencing the acceleration of diffusion. In the future, it is necessary to investigate the accuracy of each innovation produced by Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), and understand every actor who plays roles in the innovation system, starting from the producer/provider of innovation, extension agents and other sources of information, as well as users/farmers. The other factors influencing the dissemination of innovation (delivery system) are the capacity of the information sources and the characteristics of the innovation itself.

ADAPTASI DAN KERAGAAN HASIL PADI VARIETAS INPARA DI LAHAN RAWA

Inpara is a rice variety rice released by the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) which is adaptive to swamp land. The research objective was to evaluate the adaptability and yield performanceof Inpara varieties in swamp lands. The field experiment was conducted in tidal swamp lands, in Barito Kuala District and in swampy lands, Hulu Sungai Selatan District of South Kalimantan, during dry season of 2014. The research was arranged in a randomized complete design with three replications. The treatment was 7 Inpara varieties, i.e. Inpara 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and comparison varieties, i.e Margasari in tidal swamp lands and Ciherang in swampy lands. The result showed that there was a variation adaptation between Inpara varieties in tidal swamp land and swampy lands. Inpara 2 and Inpara 3 varieties showed a good adaptation in tidal swamp lands, had the yield of 4.04 t/ha which an increasing yield was 35.9% higher than Margasari variety. Inpara 1 and Inpara 6 varieties presented a good adaptation in swampy lands that produced 2.118 t/ha and 2.275 t/ha and 1.9% and 9.5%, respectively higher than Ciherang variety. Variety of Inpara is not adaptive in swamp lands.