Indonesia Project Research Articles

Public Perception Due To Noise (Case Study: AKSI ADB Project Of Malikussaleh University)

Malikussaleh University (Unimal) is one of the four universities selected to get a loan from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) related to the Advanced Knowledge and Skills for Sustainable Growth in Indonesia (AKSI) project. In the construction process, such as installation activities and building infrastructure from equipment, it can trigger unexpected noise, so it can have an impact on people's health and comfort. This research was conducted in five new building construction locations on the Bukit Indah campus of Malikussaleh University. The purpose of this study is to see the perception and attitude of the community around the construction project activities. The research method used was the distribution of questionnaires and using the Likert scale to measure the attitudes, opinions, and perceptions of the research respondents. The results of the questionnaire will be processed using SPSS software. The results showed that the overall average value of the respondents' perception of noise was 2.35. This figure shows that the current place of work/study/living does not feel noisy due to ongoing construction work.

The Hermeneutics of Qur’anic Translation into Sign Language: A Study of Inclusive Pedagogy by the Qur'an Indonesia Project

This study investigates the implementation of inclusive Qur’anic pedagogy by the Qur'an Indonesia Project (QIP), with a focus on its Sign Language translation initiative and inclusive teaching methods. QIP, in collaboration with The Little Hijabi Home Schooling, has launched QuranIDprojectISYARAT, a digital-based endeavor aiming to improve access to the Qur’an and its translations, especially for individuals with disabilities. The QuranIDProjectISYARAT program, developed by QIP, targets the deaf community and provides Qur’anic education through platforms like Instagram and YouTube, utilizing audio, visuals, and Sign Language demonstrations. While QIP utilizes Arabic Sign Language for Qur’an translation, their interpretive process prioritizes understanding Qur’anic meanings over morphemes. This study delves into QIP's Qur’an translation process and inclusive teaching practices, particularly focusing on the experiences of deaf or hearing-impaired individuals. By employing a netnography approach and conducting interviews with QIP's YouTube viewers, the research investigates interactions within QIP's online platforms and gathers insights into viewers' perspectives. The findings suggest that QIP's Qur’an translation incorporates Arabic Sign Language and volunteers' interpretations or improvisations of verses, fostering comprehension and a sense of inclusion among learners in their online Qur’anic education initiatives.

Fish, Freshwater, and the Promise of Biodiversity History for Indonesian Studies

Freshwater fishes abound in Indonesia. They are everywhere in the archipelago—from rice fields and irrigation canals to brackish lagoons and highland rivers. They even populate the most unassuming bodies of water. Some species are found in the remotest of volcanic lakes while others call the blackest and most acidic peat swamps their home. Every island has its habitats and every habitat has its fishes, making Indonesia one of the world’s richest centers of ichthyofauna diversity. And yet, thinking with freshwater fishes—and their biodiversity history—has been largely absent from the field of Indonesian studies. A telling example of this biological blindspot can be found in the ways in which the Cornell Modern Indonesia Project (CMIP) has produced—and continues to constitute—Indonesia as an area of study and attachment. In CMIP’s Producing Indonesia: The State of the Field of Indonesian Studies, a landmark volume published in 2014, there were twenty-seven contributions that spanned the humanities and social sciences but none that looked at the role local scientists played in knowing the archipelago’s freshwater fauna or even broader the interplay between environment and society in shaping the study of modern Indonesia. In response, this essay centers the interplay between environment and society to show how it can open up new directions for future research and interdisciplinary collaboration. In doing so, and in particular, the paper argues that the story of fish and freshwater illustrates the promise of biodiversity history for the field of Indonesian studies in the age of environmental humanities and beyond.

Development Standard Operational Procedure of Safety Architecture Work in University of Indonesia Project Based on Work Breakdown Structure to Reduce Work Accidents

The construction industry is one of the most dangerous industries in the world, due to its very high accident and death rate. As a high-risk construction industry, in addition to cost, time and quality, work safety will have a major impact on the success of a project. With the procedure safety properly, it is expected that work accidents will be reduced due to integrated work breakdown structure. The method used in this study is qualitative method, with research strategy in the form of archival analysis, case study, and expert validation. Data collection was conducted by interview method with questionnaires with professional experts who have long worked in the field of Safety, which then resulted in the conclusion that Standard Operational Procedures on Architectural work can reduce work accident.

JOB FORMALITY AND EARNINGS DIFFERENCES AMONG MIGRANTS AND NON-MIGRANTS: EVIDENCE FROM FOUR INDONESIAN CITIES

Informal employment is a critical source of income for both internal migrants and non-migrants. This study uses the Rural–Urban Migration in Indonesia (RUMiI) project data for 2008 and 2009 to investigate the role of informal employment in earnings among internal migrants and non-migrants in Indonesia while considering the broader nature of informal employment and remuneration. Results show that when using a detailed measure of informality, income consequences of more intensive informal employment are severe, which had not been recognised in the literature. Some of the largest earnings reductions resulting from moving to more informal employment were experienced by non-migrants.

VIDEO WEB DRAMA SERIES FOR COMBATING DISINFORMATION AN INNOVATION IN REACHING AND TEACHING AUDIENCE

Fighting disinformation through anti-hoax training has been successfully carried out all over Indonesia, following the massive anti-hoax campaign. However, the methods of training and teaching fact checking as the basics of the anti-hoax movement to reduce hoaxes and its harmful effects among the public need to be revised. In finding the solution, a new and innovative approach was launched. A web drama series in the form of videos depicting story in popular style was produced and screened in 56 workshops and uploaded in YouTube channel. Analyzing survey based pre-test and post-test questionnaires, toward 603 housewives and 809 young people who represented targets of the Stop Hoax Indonesia (SHI) project in 2019 resulted in some conclusions. For housewives, the web video drama series has added knowledge and motivates them to do fact checking. But for young people, though they show motivations to do fact checking, they weren’t able to discern material regarding the role of journalism as the important element of verifying information. These findings marked the importance of revising training materials using the web video drama to reach maximum effects on various targets. On the other hand, research results have reinforced the need to innovate teaching materials in order to enhance participants' experience in dealing with hoax or disinformation in real life. More videos packed with popular culture style are recommended.

CAPACITY ANALYSIS OF SINGLE PILE BEARING CAPACITY BASED ON STATIC METHOD AND N-SPT TEST ON PILE DRIVING ANALYZER TEST (CASE STUDY OF PT. ASAHI FORGE INDONESIA PHASE II PROJECT)

Soil investigation has an important role before building a building. The carrying capacity of the soil obtained from the results of soil investigations is very influential on the shape and dimensions of the foundation itself. In the PT.Asahi Forge Indonesia Project, the SPT test data is out of sync with the actual piling results related to embedded pile penetration. The design plan for piles with a length of 7 m based on the N-SPT test turned out that in the field, the piles achieved a bearing capacity at a depth of 9 meters. The final project aims to analyze and compare the carrying capacity of a single pile based on static methods and N-SPT test on the Pile Driving Analyzer. The method used in this research is the study method of laboratory test results and N-SPT. Work steps include; preparation, literature study, data collection, carrying capacity analysis, and comparison of analysis results. The results of the analysis of the carrying capacity of the piles based on the static method by the (Vijayvergiya & Focht, 1974) method amounted to 549,201 kN; The (McClelland, 1974) Method of 426,292 kN; The U.S Army Corps Method is 459,545 kN and the Tomlinson (1977) Method is 474,191 kN. While the results of N-SPT were bearing piles bearing capacity with the Mayerhof (1956) method of 738,645 kN and the Schmertmann (1967) Method of 451,327 kN. Based on these results, the N-SPT test based on the Mayerhof (1956) Method of 738,645 kN was the closest to the PDA test results of 755,116 kN. The comparison of the results of the analysis between the static test, N-SPT and PDA test is 19: 24: 30. This means that the carrying capacity of the static pile and PDA test has a difference of 37% while between the N-SPT and PDA test has a difference of 20%.

Bat Coronavirus of Pteropus alecto from Gorontalo Province, Indonesia

Bats have been known as natural reservoirs for potential emerging infectious viruses, such as Lyssaviruses, Coronaviruses, Ebola viruses, Nipah virus, and many others. Because of their abudance in population, wide distribution and mobility, bats have a greater risk as source for zoonotic transmission than other animals. Despite the facts of their role as reservoirs for many pathogens, not until an epidemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003 and Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, that people pay much attention about coronavirus in bats. SARS-like virus also found in bats with a higher prevalence rate. This study aims to detect the coronavirus of bats in Gorontalo province Indonesia, characterization at the molecular level of the coronavirus genome and determining the level of kinship (through trees filogenetic). This study was conducted as part of bigger PREDICT Indonesia project, in particular to examine coronavirus in bats from Gorontalo province, Indonesia. As many as 95 rectal swab samples collected from flying foxes (Pteropus alecto) were analyzed in the laboratory using Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique to amplify the target sequence from RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRp) gene with 434 basepair product, resulted 24 samples determined as presumptive positive. Eight out of 24 presumptive positive samples by PCR were analyzed further by nucleotide sequencing and confirmed coronavirus positive. Phylogenetic tree analyses to the eight coronavirus confirmed-sequences were constructed with MEGA-6.0 . The conclusion was 24 out of 95 samples suggested as presumptive positive to Bat CoV. Eight out of 24 samples were analyzed further by nucleotide sequencing and have similarities in the kinship. Three samples had the 98% nucleotide identity to BatCoV from Indonesia and five samples were 85-88% nucleotide identity to BatCoV from Thailand.

UNAWE Indonesia project: raising total solar eclipse 2016 awareness through educational packages

On March 9th 2016, some regions in Indonesia witnessed the Total Solar Eclipse (TSE). At that time, Indonesia was the only mainland in the world that could observe TSE. This moment is extraordinary because its probability of being observed at the same point happens every 350 years. On a purpose of raising public awareness and engaging more participations, UNAWE Indonesia developed a handy material and sent the so called educational packages which provided essential information about eclipse, especially TSE. Each package contains of modul of TSE study and materials for simple TSE activity so people who received the package could observe TSE safely. In the delivery of this program, we established a collaboration partner, whom are teachers, as an 'eclipse ambassador'. The local partners were responsible for socializing the information for school or their community. We encouraged them to conduct an observation activity and ask them to fill an evaluation report. As a result, 48 out of 59 partners or equal to 81.3% of all partners has sent the evaluation of the package and documentation of the activity during TSE. They responded positively as it was easy to understand, functional, and convenient.

FIFTY YEARS OF THE BULLETIN OF INDONESIAN ECONOMIC STUDIES: 1965–2015

When Professor Heinz W. Arndt embarked in 1964 on establishing what has become the Indonesia Project at The Australian National University, he was uncertain about whether to include the publication...

Planning and installation of a drinking water treatment in Gunungkidul, Java, Indonesia

The district of Gunungkidul on Java Island in Indonesia is affected by an acute water shortage, especially during dry seasons. Because of its karst topography, rainfall percolates rapidly into underground caves, limiting surface storage. As a consequence, potential sources of water to supply the local population are rainwater and water derived from underground caves. However, water availability is in most cases insufficient and water quality does not meet the WHO drinking water quality standards. One aim of the Integrated Water Resources Management Indonesia Project was to find, develop and implement an appropriate water treatment in order to ensure a safe drinking water supply to the population of Gunungkidul. A decision-making process was used to select the most appropriate technology and a suitable location for construction. Laboratory experiments were conducted with local materials to assess treatment performance.

Joint migration decisions of married couples in rural China

In this paper we investigate whether it is empirically important to take into account the joint migration behavior of couples when examining married individuals' migration decisions in rural China. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China (2011), more than half of rural migrant workers are married. Married couples' migration decisions are not purely individual responses to different social and economic opportunities, but jointly determined within a family unit. The current approaches that examine Chinese migration issues do not explicitly take into account the fundamental differences between personal and family decisions. We extend the current approaches to explicitly model joint migration decisions of married couples. Using the 2009 China data from the Rural–Urban Migration in China and Indonesia (RUMiCI) project, we examine the important determinants of couples' temporary migration decisions, such as the numbers of pre-school and school-age children. Our simulation and estimation results show that when analyzing married persons' migration choices, it is more desirable to use a multiple-choice model than a binary-choice model because 1) it more effectively deals with nonlinearities created by joint decision-making; and 2) it offers the possibility to study compositional change of joint migration outcomes.

Development and Evaluation of Appropriate Concepts for Sewage Disposal and Treatment in a Rural Area, Central Java, Indonesia on the Example of the Village Pucanganom

In the province of Yogyakarta in Java, the district of Gunung Kidul is considered to be one of the poorest areas in Indonesia. Here, water shortages greatly affect the population, especially during the dry season, which lasts from April to October. Sanitation Systems in Gunung Kidul consist, either pit latrines or pour flush toilets. Without any treatment the liquid phase infiltrates in to the ground and the septic tanks are hardly ever emptied, thus posing an evident contamination potential to groundwater. So, the current situation about waste water and its treatment is inadequate. Due to this reason within the Integrated Water Resources Management Indonesia Project (IWRM) a so called pilot village Pucanganom was selected to develop an appropriate waste water treatment system considering basis conditions and resultant indicators which were weighted by the Analytical Hierarchy Process Method (AHP). The following paper will describe the application of the method to find an adaptable sanitary system for a village in Gunung Kidul, Indonesia.

Indonesia Update 2010 Employment, living standards and poverty in contemporary Indonesia

The Indonesia Update Conference, now in its 28th year, was held at the Australian National University on 24–25 September. Convened by Chris Manning (Indonesia Project, ANU) and Sudarno Sumarto (SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta), the conference attracted around 300 participants from academia, government, NGOs and the business community, including many from Indonesia. Apart from the traditional political and economic updates, both of which are published in this issue of BIES, six broad topics were covered: employment, migration and microenterprises; education and health; health care for the poor; trends in poverty and social protection; government interventions; and the politics of poverty.

The Road to Pro-Poor Growth: The Indonesian Experience in Regional Perspective

Pro-poor is the new mantra of the development community. Most donor agencies have active research programs underway to understand the pro-poor process, and the World Bank, with British, French and German bilateral support, is already studying how to operationalize the concept (USAID, 2004; World Bank, 2004). Definitions vary, but they all revolve around connecting the poor to rapid economic growth so there is a concomitant rapid reduction in poverty. What is new is the focus on economic growth as the primary vehicle for sustainable reductions in poverty,distributional initiatives and processes playing a secondary role. This exploratory essay, commissioned by the Indonesia Project at Australian National University (ANU), places this new interest in pro-poor growth in regional perspective and then attempts to draw historical and policy lessons for Indonesia. The main challenge is to link our relatively robust understanding of the growth process with much more limited understanding of distribution processes. A panel data set of eight Asian countries provides grist for the empirical mill.

Learning together: new partnerships for new times

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to provide an overview of the learning that has emerged from two initiatives in which a multinational company, Unilever, and an international non‐governmental organization, Oxfam have worked together: the Sustainable Food Laboratory Initiative, a project focusing on the global food production system, and “Exploring the Links”, a joint research project exploring the links between wealth creation and poverty reduction in one country, Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents an overview of learning as expressed by participants in the Sustainable Food Laboratory and a summary of the final report published by the joint research project, giving an overview of the process and highlighting the key lessons learned by both organizations.FindingsThe paper finds that the common success of both projects is a contribution to a better understanding of current global systems and local impacts, as well as an indication of the opportunities for systemic change that emerge when different organizations are willing to learn with and from each other. Oxfam and Unilever participants came to realize that, despite their very different missions and goals, they share a commitment to poverty reduction, healthy resource systems, and truly sustainable development. Although common ground may be found, such projects do not attempt to cover over differences. On the contrary, understanding differences can lead to more balanced and integrative pictures of complex problems, reveal limitations of what individual organizations can do, and identify areas where partnerships can have the greatest benefits for real and lasting change.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper draws on personal learning from a limited number of participants in the three year pilot of the Sustainable Food Laboratory and solely on the research and findings published in the Indonesia project's final report.Practical implicationsThis paper highlights the valuable learning that can emerge when different kinds of organization work together to explore and address common challenges. Understanding their differences in outlook and experience can lead to more balanced and integrative pictures of complex problems, reveal limitations of what individual organizations can do, and identify areas where partnerships can have the greatest benefits for real and lasting change.Originality/valueThis paper gives real examples of the kind of learning that can emerge from cross‐sector initiatives, and highlights lessons about how such learning can be achieved and why it is valuable.

HEINZ ARNDT: AN APPRECIATION

This appreciation was compiled on behalf of the Editorial Board of the Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies (BIES) by Peter McCawley, one of the first of Heinz Arndt's graduate students to work on Indonesia, and later head of the Indonesia Project (1981-85) and joint editor of the BIES (1983-86). Heinz was the founding editor of the BIES (1965-82), and a member of its Editorial Board for the remainder of his life.

Hal Hill Steps Down—and up. Head of the Indonesia Project, ANU, 1986–98 Editor of BIES, 1990–98

Hal Hill is known as an eminent authority on the Indonesian economy. He is an astonishingly productive scholar. He continues as an imaginative and highly successful head of the ANU's Indonesia Project and Editor of its journal. He is constantly sought after abroad as Visiting Professor, participant in conferences and contributor to research projects (June 1997).

Scholarship on Indonesia and Raison d'Etat: Personal Experience

In the fall of 1985, I was invited to a small conference in Washington on the topic of the relations between scholars and governments. One purpose of the meeting was to have attendees compare personal experiences. Accordingly, I prepared the document appended below. At the time I had no thought of publishing it. But now that a decade has passed since its composition, and three decades since the opening of the chain of events that it describes, the text may have a certain historical value, since, although seen from my personal perspective, it covers in some detail the difficult relationships between the Cornell Modern Indonesia Project and sections of the governments of the United States and Indonesia over a good part of the New Order period. I have not tried to update the document except by way of a few explanatory footnotes. I have, however, lightly edited it, since it was originally designed for an audience that knew little about Indonesia.

A Japanese Memoir of Sumatra 1945–1946: Love and Hatred in the Liberation War. By Takao Fusayama. Ithaca: Cornell Modern Indonesia Project, Monograph Series No. 71, 1993. Pp. 151.

A Japanese Memoir of Sumatra 1945–1946: Love and Hatred in the Liberation War. By Takao Fusayama. Ithaca: Cornell Modern Indonesia Project, Monograph Series No. 71, 1993. Pp. 151.