Individual Emotions Research Articles

Unveiling Hidden Meanings in the Lyrics of One Direction’s Story of My Life

This study delves into the hidden meanings in the lyrics of Story of My Life by One Direction, utilizing Ferdinand de Saussure’s semiotic framework, specifically the concepts of signifier and signified. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the research examines the song’s lyrics as the primary data, complemented by secondary data from scholarly sources to provide additional insights. The analysis reveals themes of emotional vulnerability, resilience, and memory, articulated through symbolic and metaphorical expressions in the lyrics. Key findings highlight the interplay between individual emotions and universal human experiences, such as love, loss, and perseverance, making the song relatable to a broad audience. The study demonstrates how the lyrics transcend mere entertainment, offering profound reflections on personal and cultural narratives. By applying semiotics, this research underscores the significance of song lyrics as a form of literary and cultural expression. It also paves the way for future studies to explore similar frameworks in analyzing music and its impact on audiences.

An emotional learning process? The role of socially induced and regulated emotions for the development of an entrepreneurial mindset

PurposeAlthough emotional dynamics (EDs) during the entrepreneurial learning (EL) process are acknowledged to promote the growth of an entrepreneurial mindset (EM), while having social causes, empirical research on learning mainly looks at emotions as socially isolated concepts. This study aims to investigate how socially induced and regulated emotions during the EL process affect EM development.Design/methodology/approachWe applied a qualitative, inductive approach related to interpretative phenomenological analysis to get deeply involved into individuals’ experienced emotions. We conducted semi-structured interviews with participants of two EL programs. Open-ended questions stimulated free narratives and detailed descriptions of experiences that were analyzed following a five-stage process.FindingsThere is a correlation between socially induced and regulated emotions and the development of EM elements. We suggest a framework for the EL process based on EDs, which triggers four main mechanisms that help individuals develop an EM: “re-assessment of individual emotions through EDs”, “EDs affected by facilitator intervention,” “sharing and co-creation of emotions,” and “sensemaking of experiences and emotions.”Originality/valueThis study adds to the knowledge on EDs during the EL process and contributes to the literature on EL and emotions in learning. Therewith, it helps to sensitize practitioners toward the complexity of emotions in the entrepreneurial process, allows to moderate individual emotional reactions and social Eds, and improves existing EE programs. Future research could investigate the interplay of specific personality traits, learning environments, and socioemotional team dynamics in EL.

The Impact of Social Environment Perception on Relative Deprivation among Residents in Rural Tourism Destinations

The sustainable development of rural tourism requires not only active participation from the government and enterprises but is also closely tied to the attitudes of local residents. This study, grounded in the theories of relative deprivation and social comparison, focuses on the residents living near the Jinshi Gorge Scenic Area in Shangluo City. We constructed a structural equation model to explore how residents’ perceptions of the social environment in rural tourism influence their sense of relative deprivation, enhance their happiness, and ultimately promote the sustainable development of rural tourism. The study’s findings reveal the following: (1) that demographic characteristics, including age, education level, and annual income, significantly influence residents’ perceptions of their social environment, particularly their sense of group identity, social support, and feelings of inequality. (2) Levels of relative deprivation vary significantly across different demographic groups. (3) There is a strong positive correlation between individual cognitive relative deprivation and individual emotional relative deprivation. Similarly, group cognitive relative deprivation positively predicts group emotional relative deprivation. (4) Experiences of discrimination, feelings of inequality, and strength of group identity emerge as significant predictors of both individual and group-level cognitive and emotional relative deprivation. (5) Social support has a significant negative effect on individual cognition, individual emotions, group cognition, and group emotional relative deprivation.

The Self and the Other: Individual Emotions and Ontological Security in Turkish Foreign Policy

Emotions and ontological security open up one of the latest avenues in International Relations (IR). An increasing number of interdisciplinary approaches have been engaging in emotions and ontological security, for example, foreign policy analysis. However, academic research is scarce concerning the triangulation of emotions, foreign policy, and individual ontological security. Driven by the gap in the literature, the study analyzes how Turkey’s foreign policy decisions influence individual existentialism in terms of ontological security during the AKP era. A subsidiary question addresses how Turkey’s foreign policy decisions adjust/affect individual emotions towards its most engaged and interacted countries. Based on Ontological Security Theory (OST), the study has conducted 20 interviews. The questions cover Turkey’s foreign policy milestones: the start of the EU accession negotiations, the “one minute incident,” the Mavi Marmara incident, and the Arab Uprisings and the Syrian Civil War. The questions aim to reveal people’s emotional reactions to and descriptions of such events. The interview transcripts are analyzed in a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) context. Through CDA, the individuals’ perceptions of risk, threat, and danger are analyzed to seek the determinants of growing existential uncertainty in tandem with significant foreign policy decisions of the AKP government. This study finds that foreign policy decisions in Turkey impact individuals’ emotions based on key events. Through the case of Turkey, the study contributes to the emerging literature on emotions and ontological security by studying the dimensions between foreign policy and individual insecurities and emotions.

Cosmopolitanism and Affect in Henry James’ The Ambassadors

This essay explores the interplay between cosmopolitanism and affect in Henry James’ The Ambassadors. It reads the novel’s protagonist, Strether, as an embodiment of the cosmopolitan flâneur and examines how he complicates and challenges this identity as conceptualised by Charles Baudelaire and Walter Benjamin. Due to his evasive cosmopolitan identity, Strether fails to maintain affective bonds with other characters. As such, The Ambassadors challenges James’ own sense of cosmopolitanism by staging various iterations of affect, most notably grief, guilt and loss, as undermining the cosmopolitanism the novel at first seems to promote. I conclude that Strether’s acute emotional responses can be read as a critique of the cosmopolitan flâneur who possesses a level of detachment that is not desirable. The novel levels a critique against cosmopolitanism’s seeming universalism. This tends to promote an abstract ideal that disregards the cosmopolite’s individual emotions and sensations – in The Ambassadors, cosmopolitanism is a fundamentally unethical way of living.

Multilayered politicized constructions of COVID-19 vaccines: A global south view of Pfizer and Sinovac

Despite their overwhelming public health benefits for pandemic response, Covid-19 vaccines have been subject to political controversy around the world. Multidisciplinary scholarship in the health and social sciences points to a wide range of factors that influence the public’s divided views of vaccines. But these factors have largely been considered in relative isolation from each other as independent influences on vaccine beliefs. In this paper, we propose a multilayered politico-psychological model of collective constructions of the Covid-19 vaccines. Borrowing from Montiel and Christie’s (2007) theoretical framework, we examine how the Covid-19 vaccines are holistically constructed in relation to interdependent social meanings across micro-level, meso-level, and macro-level socio-ecological layers. Harnessing a mixed methods research design, we apply this framework to analyze a large corpus of Filipino tweets (N = 229,236) about the Pfizer and Sinovac vaccines. Micro-level discourses feature competing individual emotions which construct Pfizer as an object of desire and Sinovac as an object of fear. Meso-level constructions invoke collective contexts of information and resource scarcity within which Pfizer is a serendipitous prize while Sinovac is a mandated responsibility. Finally, macro-level constructions embed the Covid-19 vaccines within national and international structures, framing Pfizer as a symbol of political integrity and Sinovac as an instrument of political corruption for government leaders. In conclusion, these multilayered discourses around the Covid-19 vaccines illuminate complex negotiations of agency among a Global South public during the pandemic. We discuss multilevel interventions and politico-psychological implications for public health campaigns more broadly.

Intertwining worlds: The dynamics of linguistic religion and religious language

Linguists and scholars in Iran have overlooked the interaction between language and religion. The correlation between language and religion is substantial among individuals. This study aims to determine whether language serves religion or if there is a distinct category known as religious language. The purpose of this study is to explore further and analyze various perspectives on the relationship between language and religion. We devised a fundamental structure of conversation guidelines based on the works "Religious Language" by Peter Donovan and "Religion and the Making of Society" by Charles Davis. This study examines the argumentation topic through three primary points. The first portion of the text provides a concise overview of the essential information regarding the epistemological and ontological elements of language and religion. A comprehensive analysis of many papers and books has been conducted to extract diverse viewpoints on the interplay between language and religion. The disparities in this region were elucidated by describing both the real and fictitious aspects, as well as the meaningful and meaningless distinctions. The subsequent part explores several tactics employed in theological texts and religious languages and their influence on the dissemination of religious ideology. The primary contention in this part revolves around the capacity of religious language to incite and evoke emotions in individuals. The final section of the paper examines the objectives and intentions of religious declarations and texts by analyzing their discourses using Van Dijk's framework of ideological discourse analysis.

Shipping Market Forecasting Considering the Individual Investor Emotions: A Novel Twofold Partial Swarm Optimization Based Stacked Long Short-Term Memory Model

ABSTRACT Purpose The general purpose of shipping market prediction is to help shipping analysts design a strategy to make shipping strategies. Previous studies have pointed out human emotions has an obvious impact on markets, however, few research focus on utilizing human emotions to improve the shipping market forecasting issue. This paper fills the gap in the literature of considering industrial individual emotions to shipping market prediction issue Methodology We proposed a conceptual framework of an emotion-based shipping market prediction (ESMP) system focused on considering the multidimensional emotions of individual investors. To make it precisely, a two-fold Particle Swarm Optimization (TFPSO) algorithm is proposed conduct the shipping forecasting under the framework of ESMP, with advantages of automatically finding the architecture and hyperparameters of the Deep Long Short-Term Memory (DLSTM) simultaneously in the shipping market forecasting the values of the Baltic Dry, Dirty Tanker and Container indices of ocean transportation in the world ocean during the crisis period 2010–2022 Findings The prediction accuracy of the ESMP was higher than that of the models using the conventional factors in all learning periods of the study, and it was determined that the results complement the sentiment indicator employed to predict the shipping indices. Additionally, the accuracy of the proposed method is superior to conventional neural network models in all used error metrics. Additional Mann–Whitney U test on MSE difference between TFPSO-DLSTM and compared models demonstrates that the significant advantages boosted by TFPSO-DLSTM Originality Shipping sentiment has provided further proof that shipping decisions are significantly driven by emotions. our study shows that individual shipping investors’ sentiment are able to improve shipping rate forecasts significantly, although the magnitudes of the improvements are relatively small from an economic point of view Research implications This study undertook the initiative to procure BDI, BDTI, BCTI, COVID-19 data and shipping sentiment index data through in-depth interviews to provide first-hand perspectives into whether shipping sentiments impact the shipping market trend. It builds upon existing literature on the present stance of deep learning models, which largely relies non-sentiment factors. The study also extends prior literature on hyperparameter searching methods by highlighting the structure of searching method. Besides this, the contribution of this study also aligns with the prior discussions on evolving methodologies in temporal forecasting research Practical implications This study implies that shipping sentiments enables to make better shipping marketing trends, and foster sustainable growth. Shipping fear index serves for measuring investors’ attitude and mood toward shipping markets in terms of the general and certain sectors or assets, possibly promoting the movement of price and providing long-term investors and active traders with trading or arbitrage opportunities. Due to the complexities and regulations of the shipping market, it is essential to collaborate exclusively with shipping sentiment indices with artificial intelligent model in shipping market forecasting research

The influence of an emotion regulation intervention on challenges in emotion regulation and cognitive strategies in patients with depression

BackgroundPatients with depression struggle with significant emotion regulation difficulties, which adversely affect their psychological well-being and hinder recovery. Traditional therapeutic approaches often fail to adequately address these challenges, leading to a persistent gap in effective mental health care. This research seeks to address this gap by investigating the impact of emotion regulation skills training on patients with depression.AimTo assess the difficulties in emotion regulation among patients with depression and evaluate the impact of an emotion regulation skills training intervention on those with higher levels of emotion regulation difficulties, specifically focusing on increasing the use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies and reducing the use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies.MethodA quasi-experimental research design was utilized, using three tools: a socio-demographic and Clinical Data structured interview schedule, Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Eighty patients with depression were recruited to assess those with higher levels of emotion regulation difficulties; out of those with greater difficulties, 30 patients were chosen to participate in the emotion regulation skills training intervention.ResultThe 80 studied subjects' emotion regulation difficulties scores ranged from 158 to 169 (164.5 ± 3.21), and they indicated less use of adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and more use of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (56.07 ± 2.67). Regarding the intervention group, the overall mean score of the 30 patients’ emotion regulation difficulties decreased from 167.35 ± 2.21 pre-intervention to 105.85 ± 3.33 post-intervention (p < 0.0001). Cognitive emotion regulation total scores improved markedly from 54.07 ± 1.66 to 35.2 ± 3.46 (p < 0.01).ImplicationHealthcare providers should routinely assess emotion regulation difficulties in patients with depression and integrate personalized treatment plans that target individual emotion regulation difficulties.ConclusionThe findings suggest that the emotion regulation intervention has the potential to improve emotion regulation difficulties and cognitive emotion regulation strategies among patients with depression.

Extended Floor Field Cellular Automata Model for Pedestrian Emergency Evacuation Considering Panic Emotion

Panic emotion appears frequently in an emergency evacuation, affecting evacuation efficiency and pedestrian safety. Individual diversity in emotion propagation causes pedestrians to behave differently. To better describe the emotion propagation in the movement of pedestrians, we analyze the characteristics of the emotions of different pedestrians in emergencies. Considering pedestrian heterogeneity, we divide pedestrians into three types (conservative, moderate, and radical) according to the strength of the expression of individual emotions. Based on an analysis of the characteristics of the three types of pedestrian, an improved susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model is built to describe the pedestrian emotion propagation process. In addition, a conflict avoidance method that considers pedestrian speed is proposed to demonstrate pedestrian motion more realistically. Based on this foundation, a cellular automata (CA) model that integrates emotion propagation and conflict avoidance techniques is employed to replicate the process of pedestrian emergency evacuation. The simulation results suggest that a higher proportion of pedestrians with initial panic emotions and a radical behavior type leads to a prolonged evacuation time. Many pedestrians in emergency evacuations gather at the exit in a short time (approximately 37 time steps), the density then reaches a high-level (approximately 5.5 pedestrians/m2) for a period of time, and the duration increases with the increase in the number of pedestrians. Methods for guiding pedestrians to evacuate in a rational manner are worthy of promotion and research.

Effectiveness of acute aerobic exercise in regulating emotions in individuals with test anxiety

High levels of test anxiety can cause negative emotional interference and have adverse effects in multiple aspects. It is currently unclear whether acute aerobic exercise can effectively reduce a series of negative emotions triggered by test anxiety. This study investigates the impact of 30 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on the subjective emotional responses and frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) in individuals with high test anxiety. Forty-four college students with high test anxiety were randomly assigned to an aerobic exercise group and a control group. Each group underwent two tests, involving subjective scale measurements and resting-state EEG recordings, with a seven-day interval between tests. Results showed that after 30 min of moderate-intensity acute aerobic exercise, the intervention group had significantly reduced scores in subjective negative emotional experiences, and FAA indicators significantly increased. The study suggests that acute aerobic exercise can enhance the emotional regulation ability of college students with high test anxiety and reduce their negative emotions.

Two Paths to Violence: Individual versus Group Emotions during Conflict Escalation in the Occupied Palestinian Territories

Experiencing repression creates intense emotions and raises dilemmas about handling political action to achieve social change. Past studies suggest that mainly group-based emotions are associated with support for violent collective action while the exact influence of individual emotions remains unclear. This research compares the association of individual- versus group-based emotions with violent collective action while examining conflict context as the moderating factor. We propose to distinguish two context aspects—collective versus personal threat—determining the relative impact of individual versus group emotions on support for violence. We conducted two quantitative field studies in the Occupied Palestinian Territories during different types of conflict experience, defined by either prevalent personally experienced threat versus elevated collectively experienced threat (Study 1), or both (Study 2). Results indicate that for mainly collectively experienced threat, group (but not individual) emotions predicted violent collective action, while for personally experienced threat, individual (but not group) emotions predicted violent engagement.

A Study on the Relationship between Campus Environment and College Students’ Emotional Perception: A Case Study of Yuelu Mountain National University Science and Technology City

The campus environment directly impacts college students’ psychological and emotional well-being, influencing their behavioral performance and the development of their personalities. Investigating the complex relationship between the campus spatial environment and students’ emotions is crucial for designing urban environments that support mental health. Using Yuelu Mountain National University Science and Technology City as a case study, this research developed a framework to analyze campus environment characteristics and emotional perception. The study quantitatively assessed emotional perceptions, examined the specific contributions of different campus environment elements to individual emotions, and created an emotion prediction map to explore these relationships in depth. The results indicate that “campus greenery” and “diversity” negatively affect “disappointment” and “depression”, while “sky views” positively impact “happiness” and “sense of security”. Additionally, “diversity” positively affects “relaxation”, and “campus greenery” and “diversity” have negative effects on “disappointment” and “depression”, with “diversity” having a particularly strong positive effect on “relaxation”. The pronounced spatial clustering of emotional perceptions on campus further underscores the significant influence of the campus environment on individual emotional experiences. As the first study to explore the mechanisms underlying the emotional perceptions of Chinese college students in relation to the campus environment, this research overcomes the limitations of traditional environmental assessment indicators by identifying campus environmental elements and psychological factors that better align with the psychological needs of college students. This provides a scientific basis for optimizing campus environments based on the emotional perceptions of students, thereby supporting mental health promotion and guiding campus environment construction. Moreover, the research methodology is broadly applicable. The integration of campus environment image data and deep learning offers a significant tool for assessing campus space and environmental perception, thereby enhancing human-centered environmental assessment and prediction while more accurately reflecting architectural space perception.

Emotion Classification System for ASD Group by Using Wireless EEG Monitoring Device

This paper delves into a study employing dry electroencephalograms (EEG) as input features to discern emotions in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). While EEG is a prevalent tool in emotion classification studies for typically developing individuals, less attention has been directed towards its application in the ASD population. In this study, ten participants diagnosed with ASD wore wireless dry EEG sensors to capture their EEG signals. These signals encompassed alpha, beta, delta, theta, and gamma waves, which were subsequently subjected to feature extraction techniques such as the t-test, principal component analysis (PCA), ReliefF, and Chi-Square. Classification of positive, neutral, and negative emotions was performed using various algorithms, including K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR), Naive Bayes (NB), Random Tree (RT), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Ultimately, employing SVM with a t-test enhanced the accuracy of emotion classification for the ASD group from 66.4% to 74.1%.

Weight in the Workplace: Weight Discrimination Impacts Professional Outcomes as a Function of Social Pain Minimization

AbstractWorkplace weight discrimination is pervasive and harms both individuals and organizations. However, despite its negative effects on employees and employers, the social and psychological processes linking weight discrimination and workplace outcomes remain unclear. Rooted in evidence that people regularly dehumanize and dismiss the emotions of heavier individuals, the current work tests one socioemotional pathway linking workplace weight discrimination and professional outcomes: social pain minimization (SPM). SPM refers to feelings of emotion invalidation when people share negative social experiences with others and feel their hurts are discounted and dismissed by their colleagues. Across two studies using cross-sectional and prospective designs (Ntotal = 661), the current work provides evidence that workplace weight discrimination increased feelings of SPM, which in turn was associated with greater burnout, lower job satisfaction, and more counterproductive work behaviors. In the wake of workplace weight discrimination, subsequent SPM negatively affects workplace outcomes. For those experiencing workplace weight discrimination, mistreatment and invalidation frequently operate as a one-two punch to critical organizational outcomes.

The effects of musicality on brain network topology in the context of Alzheimer’s disease and memory decline

Abstract Music’s role in modulating brain structure, particularly in neurodegenerative contexts such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), has been increasingly recognized. While previous studies have hinted at the potential neuroplastic benefits of musical engagement and training, the mechanisms through which music impacts structural connectivity in neurodegenerative pathways remain underexplored. We aimed to examine the impact of music perception skills, active musical engagement, and musical training on structural connectivity in areas relating to memory, emotion, and learning in individuals with worsening memory impairment, investigating the potential neuroplastic effects of music. Employing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) based structural connectivity and graph theoretical analysis, we investigated brain topological features in 78 participants aged 42 to 85 with a range of memory impairments. Participants were assessed for musical training, engagement, and perception skills. The study analyzed regional and local network topological metrics to examine the influence of musical activities on graph metrics, while controlling for stages of objective memory impairment (SOMI) and diagnosis, separately. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of musical perception skills, active musical engagement, and musical training on structural connectivity within memory, emotion, and learning-related brain areas in individuals with varying degrees of memory impairment. We found enhanced structural connectivity of the right hippocampus and the right posterior cingulate cortex was associated with stronger local network metrics, such as clustering coefficient and betweenness centrality, with increased music perception skills like melody and beat perception. Musical training specifically impacted the clustering coefficient of the right hippocampus and the node degree of the right mid cingulate gyrus. Active musical engagement influenced the eigenvector centrality of the right hippocampus. Furthermore, musical training was associated with enhanced global metrics, such as global efficiency and characteristic path length. Our study integrates diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and graph theoretical analysis to reveal significant effects of musical activities on structural connectivity in key brain regions. The results highlight the potential of musical activities to serve as a non-invasive modulatory tool for cognitive resilience, especially in memory impairment and neurodegeneration contexts. These insights contribute to the understanding of delaying AD onset and aiding early-stage patients through music-based interventions, emphasizing the importance of musical engagement in maintaining cognitive and brain health.

DepressionEmo: A novel dataset for multilabel classification of depression emotions

Emotions are integral to human social interactions, with diverse responses elicited by various situational contexts. Particularly, the prevalence of negative emotional states has been correlated with negative outcomes for mental health, necessitating a comprehensive analysis of their occurrence and impact on individuals. In this paper, we introduce a novel dataset named DepressionEmo designed to detect 8 emotions associated with depression by 6037 examples of long Reddit user posts. This dataset was created through a majority vote over inputs by zero-shot classifications from pre-trained models and validating the quality by annotators and ChatGPT, exhibiting an acceptable level of inter-rater reliability between annotators. The correlation between emotions, and linguistic analysis are conducted on DepressionEmo. Besides, we provide several text classification methods classified into two groups: machine learning methods such as SVM, XGBoost, and LightGBM; and deep learning methods such as BERT, BART, GAN-BERT, and T5. Despite achieving the same F1 Macro score of 0.76 as BART, the pretrained BERT model, bert-base-uncased, stands out as the most efficient model in our experiments due to its lower number of parameters. Across all emotions, the highest F1 Macro value is achieved by suicide intent, indicating a certain value of our dataset in identifying emotions in individuals with depression symptoms through text analysis. The curated dataset is publicly available at: https://github.com/abuBakarSiddiqurRahman/DepressionEmo.

Impacts of Acute Psychological Stress on the Emotions of Individuals with Early Life Stress.

The study aimed to evaluate negative and positive emotional responses to acute psychological stress in individuals with early life stress (ELS). One hundred sixty-one participants from the Birmingham community in Alabama completed the study and were stratified into 2 groups based on measurements of ELS using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and a confirmatory clinical interview. Acute psychological stress, that is, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), was administered, and emotional responses were measured using the Visual Analogue Scale. Comparisons utilized chi-square for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to compare the 2 groups after controlling for confounding variables. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate predictive power of variables for emotional responses to the TSST. Participants with ELS experienced less pleasantness at the baseline (P = .02), and 1 minute (P = .04), but not 90 minutes time points compared to the non-ELS group. Participants in the ELS group also reported higher anxiety at baseline (P = .003), and 90 minutes (P = .04) post-TSST. Data analysis showed the effect of time on emotional responses during the TSST. Different emotional responses, including pleasantness, anxiety, fatigue, and vigor, were able to be predicted by ELS severity. Our data demonstrates that individuals with ELS presented different positive and negative emotional responses when exposed to acute psychological stress. Our findings may be useful for clinicians who work with individuals with ELS. Our findings also highlight the importance of recognizing emotional responses and of building up resilience in response to acute stress.

Abnormal Topological Organization of Human Brain Connectome in Primary Dysmenorrhea Patients Using Graph Theoretical Analysis.

Accumulating studies have revealed altered brain function and structure in regions linked to sensory, pain and emotion in individuals with primary dysmenorrhea (PD). However, the changes in the topological properties of the brain's functional connectome in patients with PD experiencing chronic pain remain poorly understood. Our study aimed to explore the mechanism of functional brain network impairment in individuals withPD through a graph-theoretic analysis. This study was a randomized controlled trial that included individuals with PD and healthy controls (HC) from June 2021 to June 2022. The experiment took place in the magnetic resonance imaging facility at Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital. Static MRI scans were conducted on 23 female patients with PD and 23 healthy female controls. A two-sample t-test was conducted to compare the global and nodal indices between the two groups, while the Network-Based Statistics (NBS) method was utilized to explore the functional connectivity alterations between the groups. In the global index, The PD group exhibited decreased Sigma (p = 0.0432) and Gamma (p = 0.0470) compared to the HC group among the small-world network properties.(p<0.05) In the nodal index, the PD group displayed reduced betweenness centrality and increased degree centrality in the default mode network (DMN), along with decreased nodal efficiency and increased degree centrality in the visual network (VN). (P < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected) Furthermore, in the connection analysis, PD patients showed altered functional connectivity in the basal ganglia network (BGN), VN, and DMN.(NBS corrected). Our results indicate that individuals with PD showed abnormal brain network efficiency and abnormal connection within DMN, VN and BGN related to pain matrix. These findings have important references for understanding the neural mechanism of pain in PD.

Disrupted coherence between autonomic activation and emotional expression in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.

Landmark studies have shown decreased coherence between different emotion response systems (e.g., physiology and facial expressions) in people with psychosis. However, while there is good evidence to suggest broad signs of affective dysfunction (e.g., blunting of facial expression) in the critical clinical high-risk (CHR) state, it is not clear whether these signs fit into a broader pattern of decoupling. This is in part due to there being no studies to date with this population that include a dyadic interaction. The current laboratory-based dyadic interaction study examined whether there is decreased coherence in CHR between autonomic physiology, as indexed by heart rate, and facial expressions of emotion, assessed by automated facial expressions analysis. The study included 145 individuals consisting of 34 CHR-partner and 41 control-partner pairs who completed clinical interviews and engaged in three naturalistic 10-min conversations while their physiology and expressions were continuously monitored. Compared to controls, CHR youth showed decreased coherence between heart rate and positive (t = 4.09) and negative (t = -7.90) facial expressions. Across CHR and control youth, greater severity of psychosis risk symptoms was related to lower coherence between heart rate and positive (t = 3.97-11.69) and neutral expressions (t = 0.06-4.98), and a change in the direction of the relationship between heart rate and negative expression intensity (t = 7.88-10.60). These findings provide the first evidence for changes in coherence between physiology and facial expressions of emotion in CHR individuals, with larger changes in coherence relating to greater general psychotic-like symptom severity. This evidence may be leveraged to identify targets for early diagnosis and intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).