Indigenous Figures Research Articles

Remembering Colonial Algeria’s Desert in the “Grand Sud”

While the majority of French colonists in Algeria lived on the Mediterranean coast in cities such as Algiers and Oran, or in not-too-distant inland towns like Constantine, those who settled further afield in communities bordering or in the Sahara Desert, like Aflou, Batna, Biskra, or Khenchela, had a vastly different experience of colonial life. These settlers were often isolated outsiders, subdued by the remote terrain. In French Algerian memorial books destined to fulfill French colonial nostalgia, repeated iconic images of recognizable destinations and events overlap and solidify in the memory of Algeria’s former French inhabitants, the Pieds-Noirs. Within these same memorial texts, the desert, which occupies 80% of Africa’s largest country, has always been present. Photographs from the 1850s onward, attempting to capture the country for its French occupiers, depict the desert as a peaceful and quiet landscape with exotic indigenous figures, traditional houses, and little evidence of Europeans in the frame. Locations are hard to pinpoint, outside of the occasional oasis, and the sand dune landscapes would have been shifting. This article examines how colonial photographs and sparsely written textual souvenirs of the desert provide a contrapuntal image of colonial Algeria as a place of the unknown. Using Dylan Trigg’s work on place and memory, I explore the juxtaposition of the predominant nostalgic vision of European settlement and images of the desert that highlight what the French Empire never possessed.

Studi Etnobotani pada Ritual Keagamaan Tujuh Bulanan Masyarakat Kerinci

This study aims to classify and understand the variations and types of ethnobotany found in the seven-monthly religious rituals of the Kerinci people. This study is a type of qualitative research that uses descriptive methods. The research informants consisted of indigenous figures, religious figures, and members of the Kerinci community. Samples were taken from these various circles using the purpositive method of sampling.

Persepsi Masyarakat Minang terhadap Tradisi Badoncek dalam Pernikahan Orang Minangkabau di Kota Medan

This research is entitled “Minang People’s Perception of the Badoncek Tradition in Minangkabau Weddings in Medan City”. The focus of this research is how the history, benefits and perception of the Minang people toward the Badoncek Tradition in Binjai Village, Medan Denai District, Medan City. The purpose of this study is as additional reference material for future research. This research uses qualitative methods and conducts research directly using reference sources from indigenous figures there. From the results of research that has been conducted in the field that the perception of the Minang people towards the Badoncek tradition is very accepted by the surrounding community, especially the Minang Pariaman community who brought the tradition to overseas and continues to be preserved and developed in Binjai Village, Medan Denai District, Medan City.

The design of contextual domain tourism sports through traditional sports in jayapura indonesia

The Development of the tourism sector is crucial in stimulating the local economy, considering that Papua is a region blessed with natural beauty scattered all over the area. Sport tourism is well-established to enhance tourist attraction and encourage them to visit the tourist destinations. This research utilizes a mixed-method approach with a combination of concurrent embedded methods. Data collection involves surveys and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The FGD will include 13 participants, comprising the head of DISORDA of Papua Province, head of DISPORA of Jayapura City, Head of Tourism Office of Jayapura City, Head of Transportation Office of Jayapura City and staff, 2 experts in sports event organizing, 1 expert in traditional sports, 1 academic anthropologist, 2 academic sports experts, and 2 indigenous figures from Port Numbay. The instruments used for qualitative research are researchers themselves, while for quantitative research, questionnaires are employed. The data analysis technique for qualitative research utilizes Miles and Huberman's model, while the quantitative data analysis employs descriptive statistics with Aiken-V. The research results reveal a model of contextual sport tourism domain based on local wisdom, taking the form of competitions and festivals. These competitions and festivals are organized in accordance with traditional games or sports originating from 14 indigenous villages in Port Numbay. Keywords: sport tourism, events, local wisdom, Port Numbay

FUNGSI TRADISI MA’BARU’TUNG DI DESA PAROMBEAN KECAMATAN CURIO KABUPATEN ENREKANG

This article discusses the diverse Ma'baru'tung tradition in Parombean Village, Curio District, Enrekang Regency. This research aims to identify the functions of the Ma'baru'tung tradition within the local community context. The study adopts a qualitative approach by collecting data through participatory observation and interviews with indigenous figures and local community members. The research findings indicate that the Ma'baru'tung tradition serves several essential functions within the community, including as a form of entertainment that enriches local cultural life, a means of communication to convey social and historical messages, and a ritual that connects people with nature and their ancestors. Additionally, tradition plays a role in strengthening social bonds and community integration, while also serving as an educational medium to impart traditional values. The study concludes that the Ma'baru'tung tradition plays a significant role in preserving the cultural and social identity of Parombean Village's community, making it imperative to preserve and promote it for the cultural heritage's sustainability in the future.

Problematika Sengketa Tanah di Dati Wasila Ambon

Research focuses on dealing with land dispute issues in Dita Wasila Ambon's. Seeking the substance of the matter, the subject of law involved, the position of the dispute case, the court ruling and the follow-up of the execution of the court decision. The research location is at Dati Wasila Ambon. Qualitative methods based on case studies with a concentration on explanators as well as the use of single instruments. File obtained interview sources, observations and supporting documents, analysis techniques and data presentation are performed in a descriptive manner. The results of the research showed that the land dispute in Dati Wasila involved the landowners Wasawoy and Hatala. Mutual lawsuits at the green table from the Ambon State Court, the High Court to the Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court. The problem becomes more complicated when the land execution is carried out because of the many problems and stakeholders on the land; land boundaries that do not match the data, have been done licensing, the process of legalization of land certification. Dispute settlement is not enough with a court ruling alone but requires the involvement of land bodies, local governments, villages, indigenous figures and the public.

Indo—Netherlands Subalternity in Post-Independence Javanese Literature Social Portrait

The independence of a nation creates a new perspective on specific communities. Those odds with the general view are wrong and mistaken. This situation often happened to Indo-Dutch groups outside politics who were not involved in the hierarchies of past political practices. Indo-Dutch society in post-independence Indonesia is in the flow of national transitional cultural interests. Novel Godhane Prawan Indo Asmara's work tells of cultural pressures that affect the psychology of an Indo-Dutch girl named Evie Tavernier. This paper examines the figure of Evie Tavernier as part of the social reality of post-independence subalternities. The analysis results concluded that the independence of the Indonesian side gave rise to a cultural and identity revolution. The cultural defeat of the West over its colonial lands gave rise to a counter-identity: the East, which has the right to itself. Rapid socio-cultural changes become a dilemma because of the reversal of power. As a minority, even though indigenous figures accept Evie Tavernier, they do not necessarily unite in the mainstream of the majority culture. He remains alone and independent of other identities, out of the vortex of culture around him. He is in the vortex of the cultural power of local figures during his condition of being marginalized by the community association. In Gayatri Spivak's view, the character of Evie Tavernier is a picture of a subaltern or other in the currents of Dutch-Indonesian culture.

Government Colonial Policy and Indigenous Organizations in The Field of Health in Surabaya 1900-1939

The purpose of this research is to determine the role of indigenous organizations and Dutch government policies as the implementing authority in addressing diseases that affected the community from 1900 to 1939 in Surabaya. This research study employs a historical method consisting of Heuristics (source collection), Source Criticism, Interpretation, and finally Historiography (presentation of data in written form). Based on the research findings and data sources obtained, it is revealed that the policies issued by the colonial government were the result of the involvement of intellectual figures and private organizations who actively conveyed criticisms. The research findings discovered that throughout its course, the colonial government collaborated with educated indigenous figures to promote a healthy lifestyle. In addition to establishing hospitals and health centers, the improvement of public health focused on preventive measures, such as promoting clean living habits among the community. The final results of this research indicate that the government's success in curbing the spread of diseases was not solely achieved through its own efforts, but through collaboration between the government, private parties, and the community.

An Ethnosemantic Study of Palu Toponym and Its Association with Natural Hazards

<p><em>This research investigates how the naming of locations in Palu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia describes the geographical and social conditions in the local area. After the earthquake and tsunami on September 28 2018, in Palu, considerable geographical studies have desired to discover the causality of this catastrophic natural phenomenon. Nevertheless, behind it all, the Kaili tribe, an indigenous tribe on the mainland of Central Sulawesi, believes that several areas in Palu are unfit for habitation because of the history of natural events that have occurred. They sketch this information using toponymy that modern society has often ignored. Moreover, acculturation and globalization have made people overlook local culture and history. The present study operated a different perspective to reveal that the toponymic naming in the Palu area. Those toponyms are derived from the Kaili language reflecting geographical conditions, history and vegetation. The researcher discovered that based on ethnolinguistic fact, several zones were the hotspots of the worst earthquakes and liquefactions and reflected in several toponyms that today's society has forgotten. Using ethnosemantics tracing, historical, and geographical observation and involving cultural and indigenous figures, the researcher answered this phenomenon based on evidence. The implications and results of the findings of this study will be discussed further in the discussion section.</em></p>

Italian-Canadian Artists Luigi Nasato and Giovanni Gerometta and the Indigenous Images in Their Mosaic Murals

In addition to presenting a general appreciation of the lives and artistic contributions of Luigi Nasato and Giovanni Gerometta, this article, which is based on live interviews, photographic and written doc­uments, and the artists’ sketches and maquettes, discusses four original mosaic murals designed and executed by the two Italian Canadians in the 1960s, 1980s, and 1990s for public buildings in Edmonton, Toronto, Montreal, and Quebec City. The works treat themes of Indigenous life, multiculturalism, communication, and marine transportation. All de­pict Indigenous figures and demonstrate how the traditional art form of mosaic became a vehicle for Canadian content, even if no profound knowledge of Native Canadians or their culture is demonstrated or could have been, given the political and social landscape of Canada then and even now.

Adat Pengantin Nusantara Melayu Riau Dalam Pengembangan ‎Budaya

The goal of this research is to evaluate how the description of the bride Malay Ujungbatu Riau's indigenous culture affecting the progress of civic culture. The indigenous culture of the bride, the Malay Ujungbatu, is looked into and studied in the development of civic culture. The findings of this study demonstrate that a) the Malay Ujung Batu bride custom culture test setup from menjalang mamak, kampung suku, kampung penghulu, and menjalang mintuo. As discussing civic culture, it is important to remember that: a) the Malay Ujung Batu procession of the bride will include: antar tanda, khatam Al-Qur'an, tepung tawar, berinai, ber-arak, or ber-dikie. The importance of belief, attitude, ability to cooperate, solidarity, unity, responsibility, and reciprocal collaboration is seen in the context of civic culture. because civic education (PKn) is a natural element of family and societal life. The research focuses on indigenous people, young people, and society. Both the indigenous figure and the parents in a family atmosphere are simultaneously encouraging the preservation efforts. It can be said that the indigenous Ujungbatu Riau Malay people possess civic cultural values as a result of the development of civic culture..

Sejarah Gerakan Sosial Islam Syekh Ahmad Rifa’i di Indonesia Adab Ke-19

The displacement of the royal elite from political affairs to be replaced by the colonial government automatically meant the loss of royal patronage of its people in the 19th century. Therefore it is only natural that the people then seek protection from charismatic figures outside the royal elite, among them are kyai and clerics, one of whom is Sheikh Ahmad Rifa'i. To explore the history data, researchers used a literature review approach. This movement started as a purely religious movement, but due to the increasing number of members, it is considered as a movement that is against the government. In its journey as a social-religious movement, the movement driven by Sheikh Ahmad Rifa'i received various upheavals, both from indigenous figures to the Dutch colonial government. However, in general, this movement was considered to be against the government, so it was isolated in the Kalisalak area

Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Pesisir Berkelanjutan Melalui Penerapan Teknologi Berbasis Pengetahuan Lokal

The research aims to describe the management of coastal marine resources of the people of Kungkai Baru Village, Seluma Regency, Bengkulu-Indonesia Province, in the river estuary area with nature reserve status. Research methods apply an exploratory qualitative approach to explore the focus of the problem. The data was obtained through a process of non-participant observation and in-depth interviews. Informants are determined based on purposive sampling techniques so that selected fishers, indigenous figures, and community leaders who have lived for a long time and live in Kungkai Baru Village. Research data analysis adopts Miles and Huberman's Interactive Model, including data reduction, presentation, and inference. Research produces information that the management of coastal marine resources in the Kungkai estuary is carried out using non-machined fishing gear such as nets, waring, canoes, and memorable fishing gear called belik. This study found that local knowledge-based fishing gear used by anglers is a form of sustainable management of coastal marine resources in Muara Kungkai.

Literatura carcelaria en los Andes: indigeneidad y nacionalismos en Perú y Bolivia

This essay develops a comparative analysis between two prison texts produced in Peru and Bolivia. In my reading hypothesis, the novel El sexto (1961), by José María Arguedas, and the autobiographical account Bolivia: cemetery of freedom (1955), by René López Murillo, establish, starting from the prison as the setting and the indigenous figure as a character, alternatives and criticisms of the authoritarian nationalist discourses mobilized in Peru and Bolivia in the mid-twentieth century. These same anti-establishment practices, however, are not exempt from contradictions. As this essay demonstrates, whether out of admiration and respect in El Sexto, or with the absolute distance posed by the autobiographical narrator in López Murillo's story, the representation of the indigenous subject and, consequently, the assessment of his difference, are subjected to parameters that, if not fully equated with authoritarian discourses of integration and acculturation, do minimize indigenous agency on the horizon of the national community. Instead of that agency, these narratives reinforce the exceptionality of the indigenous subject in the prison setting and in the nation itself. In El Sexto, the construction of the political wisdom of the character Cámac elevates his representation to the condition of ideal model for nationality. In Bolivia, the disingenuous presence of Kenta, the indigenous character, among the political prisoners constitutes a remarkable deviation from expectations. I propose that both, idealization and caricature seem to inform the limitation that the narrators of these texts confront when trying to include or reject the representation of the indigenous within the codes shared by a presumably non-Indian audience of readers.

We Māori: Point of View in Māori Biofiction

Point of view is the novelist’s great gift and restriction, positioning the narrative and determining what’s included and excluded. In biofiction that explores the lives of historical Indigenous figures, the challenge of point of view demands an imaginative leap that not all fiction writers are prepared or able to make. Sherman Alexie’s notion of tribal sovereignty extending to culture suggests the ethical issues in the field, including appropriation or distortion of Indigenous experience, and the violation of boundaries (psychic, familial, religious). In discussing the issues faced in writing the novel Rangatira (2011), this article interrogates Melissa Kennedy’s claim that Wulf by Hamish Clayton (2011) is ‘imagining a Maori viewpoint’ [sic] without including a Māori point of view.

Study of Old Plant Analysis on the Completion of ‘Pagang Gadai’ (Pawn) Agreement in Minangkabau Society

There had been a debt guarantee settlement completed in the Minangkabau community. The purpose of this study was to uncover how to understand about the utilization of debt guarantees in ‘Pagang Gadai’ (pawns), as well as the position of plant ownership on land repaid in pawn transactions. The method used was qualitative with a phenomenology approach. The data source of this research was people or communities (including indigenous figures) of Minangkabau customs who were involved in pawns transactions, especially in Nagari Tabek of Pariangan district. The data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews of five research informants based on interview guidance using snowball sampling technique. The results showed that the use of pawns can be done with several conditions: 1) obtaining permission from the owner where there is no element of exploitation and managed by pawns, and 2) mastery of old plants can be done by the recipient of the pawn after redemption is classified to the exploitation that leads to take the property of others unjustly and blatantly (‘Ghasab’ behaviors).

BATAK TOBA MIGRANTS: ADAPTATION AND CULTURAL CHANGE IN THE CITY OF PEMATANGSIANTAR

This research aims to be based on social changes experienced by Batak Toba migrants in Pematangsiantar City. The migrants did not adopt a particular ethnic culture but instead retained the socio-cultural values of batak-toba. However, Batak-Toba migrants did not become dominant in Pematangsiantar City, different in other areas that tended to be dominant. The method used to analyze data on the patterns of adaptation and socio-cultural changes of the Batak Toba people used descriptive qualitative methods. Through this method, it is hoped that it will be able to answer research problems. The population in this study is all Batak Toba migrants who live in Pematangsiantar City. Informants in this study as many as 12 people consisting of traditional Batak Toba figures as many as five people and as a comparison of simalungun indigenous figures one person, Angkola 1 person, Java 1 person, Malay 1 person, Minang 1 person, Karo 1 person, and China 1 person. Data is collected through in-depth interviews combined with library data. Interview results are collected, tabulated, analyzed, verified, and displayed until concluded. The results showed that the pattern of adaptation and socio-cultural changes experienced by Batak Toba migrants was influenced by the cultural background of Pematangsiantar City, namely Simalungun culture as the host culture and other cultures that were not dominant. Batak Toba migrants adapt in Pematangsiantar City to the local culture but retain most of its socio-cultural values, even if they become migrants and settle in Pematangsiantar City.

Critical Analyses of Liberia’s Bicentennial Celebration: A Way Forward to a New Historical Narrative and Development Tangibility

The land known today as Liberia existed with rich civilizations; well institutionalized tribal governance and political structures that functioned well to meet the political, economic and spiritual demands before the Western Civilization that came along with repatriation of the Americo-Liberians or the settlers in the early 1800s. Before 1822, there were socio-political establishments and institutions, the likes of Condo Confederation of the Mandingo leader, King Sa Bosso Kamara, King Jack Ben of Jumbo Town of Grand Bassa, King Brister, a Dei ruler, King Zolu Duma or Peter Careful as known by European of Gon (the Capital City of his Kingdom on North Lofa River) and others are some of the historical indigenous figures and their leadership ability and kingdoms are illustrations of existing socio-political civilizations before the docking and berthing of the Elizabeth; a Ship that brought the first batch of America-Liberians ( Freed Slaves) in 1822 at Dozoa Island ( Providence Island), from North America. Further, this year marks the exact two centuries since the arrival of settlers. The event has been widely celebrated in the midst of incomparable development and economic successes as per the years of the nation’s existence; the so-celebrated class (the settlers) governed the State from 1847-1980 under the Republican and the True Whig Parties respectively with the same injustice and socioeconomic apartheid-like of leadership that they escaped from, from the USA, and from 1980-2022 under the so-called majority native people led-admirations, the country stays economically and developmentally bleeding . Thus, there is a dire need to a radically change the State’s behaviour by fighting corruption and prioritizing sustainable development and shared economic prosperity that has been compromised over the last 200 years to meet the aspiration of the people (Liberians). Hence, this paper aims at exploring some of the historical ambiguities and factors that led and contributed to incomparability of Liberia’s 200 years with her development and economic achievement. Nations’ success are measured by their tangible achievement not only how long they have been in nationhood.

The Moral Value of The Film “Bumi Manusia”

The film Bumi Manusia is a film derived from a novel by a writer who has a lot of history in Indonesia as well as literati, namely Pramoedya Ananta Toer or often called Pram. In making this novel, he tells the story of the Dutch East Indies colonialism that existed in Indonesia during the colonial period at that time. Various conflicts during the period of colonialism appeared with stories neatly wrapped by Pram. The creation of narratives in this novel is very much related to the problem of romance, humanity, instead of ideology that is contrary to Pancasila. Pramoedya Ananta Toer or known as Pram has many great historical works. In addition to making novels, Pramoedya Ananta Toer is also a poet. One poem that is familiar to the ear is Gerak Juang. This poem is also made in the novel Bumi Manusia. In addition, there is also a poem that he made entitled Selembut Metafora Hati. The purpose of making this paper is to analyze the moral values contained in the film Bumi Manusia. This film has the value of the spirit of the struggle of indigenous figures against and fights for the position of the Indonesian people against Dutch discrimination during the Dutch colonial period at that time. At that time Minke was a native who attended HBS, a school that only accepted European descent. However, Minke was able to go to school there because he was the son of a celebrity, clever and good at writing. This film was released before Indonesia's independence day so that the audience remembers and reflects on the indigenous struggles in the colonial era. The study was written using qualitative methods that show moral values in the film. This research is expected to increase knowledge and insights about freedom fighter figures. Researchers expect good results from readers through this study.

INTERPRETASI VISUAL TIGA DIMENSI BUSANA MASYARAKAT JAWA AWAL ABAD KE- 19, BERDASAR ILUSTRASI J. B. WOLTERS DAN C. JETSES DALAM BUKU KITAB SI TALOE

The book "Kitab Si Taloe" contains illustrations on textbooks for school children during the Dutch colonial era and the early independence of the Republic of Indonesia. The illustrations in these textbooks present pictures of events with the setting, architecture and clothing commonly used by generations at that time. This design focuses on discussing aspects of the clothing worn by the indigenous figures in the book. The Book of Si Taloe contains illustrations drawn by illustrators from both the Netherlands and the Natives. Of the many illustrators featured in this book, C. Jetses and J. B. Walters were chosen with consideration for their ability to present detailed illustrations, with neat lines and clear visual elements. It is intended that by taking clearer references, the results of the three-dimensional interpretation will be closer to accuracy and closer to the authenticity of the form of clothing used by Javanese people in the early 19th century. The aim is to identify and examine one of the important aspects in the journey and process of changes in Javanese civilization in terms of clothing.