Indices Of Happiness Research Articles

Evaluating the Quality-of-Life and Happiness Indices of Hydropower Project-Affected People in Pakistan: Towards a Sustainable Future

Worldwide, the development of massive hydropower projects is becoming more common, especially when it comes to attempts to mitigate environmental degradation and increase a nation’s energy capacity. People affected by projects (PAPs) are forced to relocate in order to support large-scale development initiatives, which puts their lives and livelihoods at jeopardy. In comparison to the value of infrastructure development, which is mostly reaped by distant stakeholders, it comes at a high cost. In relation to CSR/resettlement and rehabilitation programs carried out by construction corporations in Pakistan’s hydropower development, this study on the quality-of-life (QoL) and happiness indicators of PAPs is being conducted. The analysis of factors affecting happiness and other aspects of quality-of-life indicators, including job and livelihood opportunities, housing, health, infrastructure, social interactions, environmental sustainability, inclusion, equity, and diversity, is the goal of this study. Using a questionnaire survey approach, data were directly gathered from PAPs, and about 424 replies were obtained to help with the model’s development. Structural equation modelling has been applied in conjunction with multivariate statistical analysis to analyse data. The outcome demonstrates the essential connections between the concepts that were taught in light of human, social, environmental, physical, and economic problems. The results also show that project supporters’ relocation and rehabilitation efforts fell short of what was needed to improve the quality of people’s lives. As a result, a conceptual framework specifically tailored to the hydropower construction region has been created and verified to provide PAPs with a high-quality living environment.

Subjective well-being indices in assessing happiness in Russia

Due to the multidimensionality and dynamism of today’s social life, there emerges the need to modify the principles of measuring the effectiveness of socio-economic policy. The article empirically tests and analyzes subjective metrics focused on “failures” in the socio-economic development which are impossible to identify through objective indicators only. These metrics are the subjective well-being indices for the Russian population in terms of gender and age, residence (by federal districts), level of education, marital status, presence of children, subjective health assessments, job and pay satisfaction. The methodological framework resides in Edward Diener’s subjective well-being theory. The method of index numbers and methods of descriptive statistics, including the multivariate frequency distribution of two attributes, are applied. The evidence base is comprised of panel data of The Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) for 2013–2022. According to the research results, the minimum and maximum values of the life satisfaction index were observed in 2016 and 2022, respectively. The affective index of happiness was found to reach higher values compared to the cognitive assessment of it. The findings show that gender, age, region of residence, level of education, as well as satisfaction with health, job, wage and financial status affect the values and dynamics of happiness indices in Russia. A well-being measurement approach covering both objective and sub jective assessments of people’s life and its individual aspects allows identifying gaps in the system of socio-economic support for the population.

The Impact of Combined Within- and Across-Activity Choice on the Indices of Happiness and Unhappiness of Autistic Children

Abstract Objectives Autistic children often have fewer opportunities to develop autonomy and demonstrate self-determined behavior, which are key to quality of life. Including opportunities for making choices during discrete trial training (DTT) may promote self-determination. Studies have shown that embedding choice opportunities into DTT can reduce problem behaviors and increase academic engagement, but the effects of choice on quality of life indicators such as signs of happiness have rarely been examined. The purpose of this study was to measure changes in operationally defined individualized indices of happiness and unhappiness of three autistic children during DTT sessions with embedded choice-making opportunities. Methods Three preschool boys on the autism spectrum participated in the study. Their indices of happiness and unhappiness were measured using 15-s partial interval recording, while their task engagement was measured using 15-s whole interval recording. A concurrent multiple baseline across participants design was used to examine the effects of the choice intervention package. Results The additional choice-making opportunities moderately improved the behavioral indicators of happiness and unhappiness of all three children. Small improvements in task engagement were also observed for two of the three children. Conclusions This study demonstrated that various types of choice can be embedded into DTT programs for autistic children and provided preliminary evidence that additional opportunities for choice within DTT can improve the behavioral indicators of mood of autistic children.

Measuring Indices of Happiness and Their Relation to Challenging Behavior

Measuring Indices of Happiness and Their Relation to Challenging Behavior

The Influence of Identity Bubble Reinforcement on the Happiness Index among Chinese Medical Staff: The Mediating Role of General Self-Efficacy.

This study aimed to explore the mediating role of general self-efficacy in the influence of social media identity bubble reinforcement on the happiness index among Chinese medical staff. This study utilized data (n = 877) from the 2022 Psychological and Behavioral Investigation of Chinese Residents (PBICR) related to medical staff. Correlation analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software, and the relationships between general self-efficacy, social media identity bubble reinforcement, and the happiness index of Chinese medical staff were examined using AMOS 23.0 software. The happiness index of Chinese medical staff was scored at 2.93 ± 1.21 for each item. Social media identity bubble reinforcement among Chinese medical staff was positively correlated with general self-efficacy (r = 0.380, P < .001), as well as with the happiness index (r = 0.330, P < .001). General self-efficacy was positively correlated with the happiness index (r = 0.575, P < .001) and was found to mediate the relationship between social media identity bubble reinforcement and the happiness index of Chinese medical staff. In terms of the mediating effect of social media identity bubble reinforcement, the direct effect's 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.031-0.142, accounting for 34.68% of the total effect, which is statistically significant (P = .015), while the 95% CI of the indirect effect was 0.125-0.212, representing 65.32% of the total effect, also statistically significant (P = .005). Social media identity bubble reinforcement and general self-efficacy were found to be important factors influencing the happiness index of medical staff. Hospital managers and policymakers can thus enhance the social media identity bubble reinforcement and general self-efficacy of Chinese medical staff through effective measures to improve their happiness indices.

Evaluation of a training package to teach pairing procedures.

Pairing is a commonly recommended practice used to build rapport and create positive therapeutic environments. However, there are limited evaluations of training procedures to teach pairing skills to direct-care staff. The purpose of the present study was to formalize and improve the efficiency of the training process for the initial stages of pairing using video modeling with embedded voice-over instructions plus performance feedback. Participants included three dyads of behavior technicians and children with autism. The results indicated that the training package increased the consistency of pairing implementation. These outcomes were maintained in a novel setting and for up to 4 weeks following training. We also measured relevant child behaviors such as joint attention, engagement, indices of happiness, and calm. Specific areas for future research are described.

An inquiry on the psychological well-being of the university students during emergency remote teaching: application of the EMPATHICS model

The current study investigated university students’ well-being during Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) via EMPATHICS framework in the aftermath of an earthquake that struck the Eastern part of Türkiye. The study had a mixed-methods research design, where quantitative data were analyzed through descriptives of the participants’ overall happiness indices, and qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis of those of narrations. Gathered through convenience sampling, the participants were constituted by 18 university students recruited from the department of Foreign Language Education at a state university in Türkiye. The results scrutinized that the participants did not exhibit elevated levels of well-being within the context of ERT. Additionally, the dimensions of the EMPHATICS framework were elaborated in detail to reveal their psychological well-being during ERT, which could also provide pedagogical implications for student well-being and suggestions for further research.

Emotional Classification Based on Facial Expression Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network Method

In recent years, the development of human-computer interaction technology has reached remarkable levels, particularly in the field of facial expression recognition. This technology utilizes human facial images to identify and classify emotional expressions such as happiness, sadness, fear, and more through computer image processing. Active research in facial expression recognition yields substantial benefits for individual and societal advancement, especially in the context of its application within Smart City environments. This study demonstrates that well- configured Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models empowered by TensorFlow exhibit higher accuracy compared to models utilizing PyTorch. The TensorFlow model achieves the highest accuracy of 93% in recognizing emotional expressions, whereas the PyTorch model achieves 69% accuracy. The TensorFlow model also displays lower accuracy loss and shorter training times compared to the PyTorch model. In the context of calculating happiness indices within Smart City environments, the appropriate choice of technology significantly influences measurement accuracy and efficiency. Therefore, the TensorFlow platform, proven to deliver superior performance in this study, can be a strategic choice for integrating facial expression detection technology into happiness index measurements in such locations

Identifying and Validating Indices of Happiness and Unhappiness in Autistic Children and Examining Them as Quality of Life Indicators During Presession Pairing

ObjectivesHappiness is paramount to an improved quality of life (QoL), but there are barriers to assessing the happiness and overall QoL of autistic children using traditional measures. To address this, Study 1 aimed to identify and validate the idiosyncratic mood indices of three autistic children. In Study 2, these indices were measured as QoL indicators during discrete trial teaching (DTT) sessions that followed presession pairing. Task engagement was recorded as a secondary measure.MethodsThree preschool boys on the autism spectrum participated in both studies. Their individualized indices of happiness and unhappiness were first identified and validated using an abbreviated procedure that extended previous research. The effects of presession pairing were then examined using a concurrent multiple baseline design across participants. The idiosyncratic mood indices were measured using 10-s partial interval recording, while task engagement was measured using 15-s whole interval recording.ResultsStudy 1 demonstrated that the abbreviated procedure was efficient for identifying and validating the idiosyncratic mood indices of the participants. Study 2 found that presession pairing improved the mood of all three children during DTT, but there were minimal increases in task engagement. Percentage of nonoverlapping data (PND) scores initially revealed no effects for indices of happiness (M = 43.2%), large effects for indices of unhappiness (M = 76.4%), and no effects for task engagement (M = 37.6%). Contrary to this, omnibus Tau-U scores suggested large effects for indices of happiness (Tau-U = 0.7), very large effects for indices of unhappiness (Tau-U = 0.9), and moderate effects for task engagement (Tau-U = 0.5).ConclusionsIndividualized indices of happiness and unhappiness can and should be used as QoL indicators during behavioral interventions for autistic children.

Civilizational Imperative of Social Economy

In recent decades, the socialization of economic development has become one of the key trends in globalization and, at the same time, a multilevel, structured and institutionalized process. Theoretical approaches to the essential identification of the social economy are generalized and a multi-criteria format of evolution of its models is proposed, based on social justice, responsibility and solidarity, social mentality and culture, social unity and optimism, social security, climate and comfort. The current configuration of the sustainable development paradigm with its subjective determination is outlined. The results of cluster modeling according to global indices of human development, social process, economic freedom, well-being of the elderly, happy planet, happiness and gender gap are presented. Social attention is paid to the empirical comparison of countries in terms of social optimism using global indices of happiness and a happy planet. The results of the empirical analysis are summarized in the disposition of the Anglo-Saxon, Scandinavian, continental, Mediterranean and transitive models of the social economy, which need qualitative renewal in the process of their global scaling.

An Assessment on Quality of Life and Happiness Indices of Project Affected People in Indian Coalfields

Coal deposits are generally found in either riverine and/or beneath forest area. The coerced displacement of project-affected people (PAPs) for coal mining endangers the in situ conservation of their life/livelihood. It accounts for a heavy price against the mineral value mostly harvested by distant stakeholders. A study on quality of life (QoL) enroute happiness indices of PAPs is undertaken with reference to CSR/resettlement and rehabilitation initiatives undertaken by mining companies in coalfields of Jharkhand. This study aims to analyze elements influencing quality of life and happiness indices such as job/income opportunity, housing affordability, health security, infrastructure, social relations, environment sustainability, inclusivity, equity and diversity. Data were collected directly from PAPs using a questionnaire survey method and almost 501 responses received to assist in development of the model. Multivariate statistical analysis has been used with application of structural equation modeling methodology for data analysis. The result shows vital relations among the constructs introduced based on human, social, natural, physical and economical concerns. The findings also indicate inadequate resettlement and rehabilitation initiatives undertaken by project proponents towards restoring life quality. Thus, the conceptual framework customized to mining area is developed and validated for rendering a qualitative life-ecosystems to the PAPs.

Enhancing Parent-Implemented Functional Communication Training by Assessing Indices of Happiness

Indicators of well-being can be important measures for improving the treatment of challenging behavior and family quality of life. We examined methods for assessing activities associated with indices of happiness (IOH) in a 5-year-old girl with Down syndrome, to mitigate challenging behavior during parent-implemented functional communication training (FCT). During the initial phase treatment (FCT + extinction), challenging behavior persisted, and parents expressed an emerging sense of hopelessness. Treatment modifications informed by the assessments resulted in a > 90% decrease in challenging behavior, promoted reinforcer schedule thinning, improved cooperation with daily routines, and also increased the child’s IOH and parent satisfaction.

How Might Indices of Happiness Inform Early Intervention Research and Decision Making?

ObjectivesThe child-caregiver relationship is the foundation for which intervention occurs. Therefore, the acceptability of the intervention should be considered for both parties. Indices of happiness (IOH) have shown to be effective in assessing social validity and providing insight to improving interventions to promote better quality of life. However, to date, there is limited attention to the integration of IOH in very early caregiver-led intervention. The purpose of this study is to explore how researchers and clinicians might collect direct data on IOH to assess the acceptability of an intervention.MethodsParticipants in this study included 4 children, ages 19–26 months old, identified as “at-risk” for autism, and their caregivers. Caregiver-led intervention focused on pairing, play, and following the child’s lead. IOH data was collected on both child and caregiver using 10 s partial-interval recording. Data analysis from the intervention is presented using three different approaches: pre/post-analysis on an individual level, pre/post-analysis on a dyad level, and during intervention as a primary dependent variable.ResultsVariations were seen in levels of happiness, both on an individual level and dyad level. IOH for caregivers increased in relation as their fidelity increased but child IOH decreased as they acquired the targeted skill.ConclusionsDirect observation of happiness data is likely to provide valuable insight into participants perception of an intervention. And retrospective analysis may be a valuable tool for reflection and guidance and planning of future interventions.

Effects of High-tech Versus Low-tech AAC on Indices of Happiness for School-aged Children with Multiple Disabilities

Effects of High-tech Versus Low-tech AAC on Indices of Happiness for School-aged Children with Multiple Disabilities

Adoption of e-assessment technologies to enhance the happiness of academics. Insights from higher learning institutions in Tanzania

In an anecdote, a university professor, who has done research on happiness for the rest of her life, invited students to talk about happiness. She gave each one a balloon, asked them to fill them with air, write their names on them, and release them in the air. In a short moment, the whole hall was full of balloons. She then asked each one to get their balloon with their name on. After a struggle of a couple of hours, none got their balloon back. And then she asked them to get each one any balloon, read the name on it, and search for the owner, and give the balloon back to the owner. In less than five minutes, each one had got their balloon. After the exercise the professor concluded: “These balloons are like happiness. We will never find it if everyone is looking for their own. But if we care about The study aims at assessing the happiness of the academics in the higher learning institutions of Tanzania during these times of massification. Data from a total number of 116 academic Whatsapp group members in Tanzania was collected through Google Forms. With the use of the “anchoring vignette” in order to understand the major functions of the academics, the respondents assessed their levels of happiness on a five-ladder Likert scale. The descriptive statistics were used to describe the degree of happiness and the Independent Samples T-Test and the Kruskal-Wallis H Test to test the null hypotheses that gender, positions and working experience of the academics have no influence on the happiness of academics in their functions. The study reveals that the academics are generally happy, but less happy in the activities of marking assessments and exams. The study also revealed that neither gender nor academic positions and working experience significantly impacted on the academics’ unhappiness. The universities are urged to do more research on the suitable e-assessments for their students and make use of the available e-assessments technologies in order to reduce the marking pressure for the academics. The higher learning institutions are recommended to institutionalize annual happiness indices and annual education e-technologies’ use indices in order to regularly monitor happiness and education e-technologies’ use, respectively. The government of Tanzania, through the Ministry in charge of higher education and other educational stakeholders need to promote mechanisms and frameworks to promote research and the use of e-assessments. The paper contributes more knowledge about the reasons to adopt e-technologies in education, on the one hand, and it also enhances knowledge on the e-methods in data collection, on the other hand.

Defining and Measuring Indices of Happiness and Unhappiness in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Improving quality of life (QoL) is the goal of behavior analytic services, but there can be barriers to assessing the QoL of autistic children due to characteristics inherent in the condition. Given that happiness is a fundamental element of QoL, previous research has relied on behavioral indicators of mood (e.g., smiling, crying) to evaluate the overall QoL of disabled individuals. However, the use of these traditional indices may not accurately reflect the emotional well-being of autistic individuals, who are known to engage in idiosyncratic mood indicators. The current study replicated selected procedures from Parsons et al. (2012) to identify and validate the unique mood indicators of young autistic children. The study showed that individualized indices of happiness and unhappiness could be operationally defined and reliably measured among these children. Key findings and limitations of this study are discussed, and the implications of these findings are presented.

CONSTRUCTION OF HAPPINESS INDICES: A WAY TO EXPLAIN SUBJECTIVITY OF HAPPINESS

Economists have learned not to quantify utility in a direct way, rather to confirm it from behavioural manifestation and that manifestation based on what one perceived from his/her life circumstances. The attitudes of individuals indicate whether they are happy with what they have, for example, with their lives and families. But to interpret happiness in one word or through one phrase can make it more ambiguous. So, in this study we have included several variables that contribute one’s overall level of happiness that was not being included in the previous studies. The happiness constructed in this study through principal component analysis for further empirical analysis. The economics of happiness is one of the emerging areas that not only thriving into economic policy but also for socio economic policies. In this analysis we have explored maximum possible variable that may contribute to one’s happiness not at individual’s levels but also at country’s level. From these variables we have constructed ten happiness indices: family happiness, neighbour happiness, environmental happiness, gender happiness, patriotism happiness, political happiness, religious happiness, life satisfaction and freedom of choice happiness. Key words: Happiness, economic policy, principal component analysis, variables.

Phenotypic and genetic analysis of a wellbeing factor score in the UK Biobank and the impact of childhood maltreatment and psychiatric illness

Wellbeing is an important aspect of mental health that is moderately heritable. Specific wellbeing-related variants have been identified via GWAS meta-analysis of individual questionnaire items. However, a multi-item within-subject index score has potential to capture greater heritability, enabling improved delineation of genetic and phenotypic relationships across traits and exposures that are not possible on aggregate-data. This research employed data from the UK Biobank resource, and a wellbeing index score was derived from indices of happiness and satisfaction with family/friendship/finances/health, using principal component analysis. GWAS was performed in Caucasian participants (N = 129,237) using the derived wellbeing index, followed by polygenic profiling (independent sample; N = 23,703). The wellbeing index, its subcomponents, and negative indicators of mental health were compared via phenotypic and genetic correlations, and relationships with psychiatric disorders examined. Lastly, the impact of childhood maltreatment on wellbeing was investigated. Five independent genome-wide significant loci for wellbeing were identified. The wellbeing index had SNP-heritability of ~8.6%, and stronger phenotypic and genetic correlations with its subcomponents (0.55–0.77) than mental health phenotypes (−0.21 to −0.39). The wellbeing score was lower in participants reporting various psychiatric disorders compared to the total sample. Childhood maltreatment exposure was also associated with reduced wellbeing, and a moderate genetic correlation (rg = ~−0.56) suggests an overlap in heritability of maltreatment with wellbeing. Thus, wellbeing is negatively associated with both psychiatric disorders and childhood maltreatment. Although notable limitations, biases and assumptions are discussed, this within-cohort study aids the delineation of relationships between a quantitative wellbeing index and indices of mental health and early maltreatment.

Indices of happiness and unhappiness during treatment of pediatric feeding disorders

AbstractTo date, there is no research on the measurement of indices of happiness and unhappiness for children receiving behavior‐analytic treatment for feeding disorders and the research on caregiver treatment acceptability during feeding treatment is limited. The purpose of the current study was to measure child indices of happiness and unhappiness during extinction‐based treatment with and without noncontingent reinforcement and to evaluate caregiver treatment acceptability through the course of treatment. Child indices of happiness were idiosyncratic, while indices of unhappiness increased at the onset of treatment and were higher during extinction without noncontingent reinforcement, but eventually decreased. Overall, caregiver treatment acceptability remained high despite temporary increases in emotional responding. The current study introduces measures of social validity to use during feeding treatment (i.e., indices of happiness and unhappiness) and provides evidence that dense schedules of noncontingent reinforcement could serve to mitigate indices of unhappiness during the initial implementation of extinction‐based treatment.

우리춤 운동이 여성노인의 염증인자와 행복지수에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to investigate how Woo-Ri dance exercise affects the Inflammatory Factors and Happiness Indices in elderly women. The subjects of this study were 30 female senior citizens aged 65 or older in the metropolitan city of B, and were classified into two groups: the experimental group Woo-Ri dance exercise (n=15) and the control group (n=15). The experimental group was conducted three times a week for 16 weeks. The data were calculated using the SPSS (24.0) statistics program to calculate the mean value (M) and standard deviation (SD) for each variable. To investigate main effects and interaction effects, you performed a two-way iterative ANOVA and set the post-comparison with the significance level to less than 0.05. The result, in the case of the happiness index, there was a significant increase in the main effect for the Woo-Ri dance exercise group (p.001), whereas for the control group (p.01), there was a significant decrease in the main effect and there was the interaction effect (p.001). But the inflammatory factor did not change significantly. However, considering that it is for the elderly, it is considered a positive effect that there is no change. When the inflammatory factor element is performed in Woo-Ri dance, it is thought that it is necessary to analyze the effect of long-term exercise prescription for more than 24 weeks. The study shows that regular Woo-Ri dance with joyful music is safe and effective exercise, not causing excessive strain on the joints.BR In conclusion, the 16-week Woo-Ri dance exercise has a positive effect on Inflammatory Factors and Happiness Indices in elderly women, which leads to effectively improving mental health and fitness.