Indicators Of Social Conditions Research Articles

Kajian Dampak Reklamasi Pantai Terhadap Perubahan Kondisi Lingkungan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Di Kota Ternate

The aim of this research is to determine the impact of beach reclamation on changes in the socio-economic conditions of the community in Ternate City. The type of research is quantitative descriptive. The method used was survey and purposive sampling which was carried out in two locations, namely Kampung Makasar Timur Village and Salero Village. The sample of respondents consisted of 42 people from village heads, traders, hunters, youth and fishermen as well as visitors to tourist areas. Data collection through interviews using questionnaires. The results of the research show that the highest percentage is in the affirmative answer with each indicator percentage, namely (1) Indicator of community perception and attitude towards coastal reclamation development 24%, (2) Indicator of community attitude towards the coastal reclamation environment 71%, (3) Indicator of change patterns of social relations between communities 26%, (4) Indicators of changes in community livelihoods 50% and (5) Indicators of social conditions in the community of respondents who agreed were 62%.

Higher prevalence of depressed mood in immigrants' offspring reflects their social conditions in the host country: The HELIUS study.

Immigrants from low- and middle-income countries who have settled in high-income countries show higher risks of depression in comparison with host populations. The risks are associated with adverse social conditions. Indecisive results have been reported on the depression risks of the offspring of immigrant populations. To assess the prevalence of depressed mood in immigrant offspring relative to the host population and to analyse whether that risk is explained by social conditions. Cross-sectional data from the Dutch HELIUS study were analysed, involving 19,904 men and women of Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Turkish or Moroccan ethnic descent aged 18 to 70. Depressive symptomatology was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Indicators of social conditions were socioeconomic position (educational level, occupational level, employment status), perceived ethnic discrimination and sociocultural integration (ethnic identity, cultural orientation, social network). We used logistic regression to assess the risk of depressed mood (PHQ-9 sum score ≥10) in immigrants' offspring, as well as in first generation immigrants, relative to the risk in the host population. Social indicators were stepwise added to the model. The prevalence of depressed mood was 13% to 20% among immigrant offspring, with the lowest level for those of African Surinamese descent; prevalence in the Dutch origin population was 7%. Relative risk of depressed mood, expressed as average marginal effects (AMEs), decreased substantially in all offspring groups after adjustment for socioeconomic indicators and discrimination. E.g. the AME of Turkish vs. Dutch decreased from 0.11 (0.08-0.13) to 0.05 (0.03-0.08). Patterns resembled those in first generation immigrants. Results suggest that the observed higher prevalence of depressed mood in immigrants' offspring will decline to the level of the host population as the various populations grow closer in terms of socioeconomic position and as immigrant offspring cease to experience discrimination.

Social responsibility of countries and their international trade: A gravitational approach

This article presents an econometric study based on a gravitational model estimation of the link between the prevailing social conditions in a country and its exports. It is based on an original indicator of social conditions: the Responsible Competitiveness Index (RCI) launched in 2007 by AccountAbility, the organisation that introduced the international AA1000 Standard. The regressions initially show a positive connection between the social responsibility of the countries and their exports. It is not a linear connection but shows a bell-shaped curve stronger in countries with lower levels of social responsibility (Southern countries): it can be negative in countries with high levels of social responsibility (Northern countries).