Indicators Of Physical Development Research Articles

Behavioral, Social, and Emotional Development of Five-Year-Old Children Conceived by Assistive Reproductive Technologies (In-Vitro Fertilization)

Preschool children conceived through In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) tend to demonstrate particular behavioral, social, and emotional patterns that correlate with their physical development. The authors used a number of techniques to assess the behavior and social and emotional development of five-year-old IVF children. Such questionnaires as Your Child’s Behavior and Child’s Relationship with Friends and Family cast light on the behavioral, social, and emotional status. To define the physical development, the authors used such questionnaires as Child Feeding Issues, Three-Month History of Infectious Diseases, History of Injuries and Accidents, and Chronic Disease History. The sample consisted of 81 IVF children and 153 naturally-conceived children (aged 5); it included subgroups of children with perinatal developmental risks. Most parents of the IVF children reported neither behavioral nor social issues. However, the IVF children demonstrated more severe emotional issues. The IVF children with perinatal developmental risks had more pronounced emotional and anxiety issues, which was not typical of naturally-conceived children with perinatal risks. Both groups included children with difficulties in social and emotional development. The study revealed four significant factors that defined the difficulties of the socio-emotional development in the IVF children: behavioral disorders, aggression, social issues, and emotional issues. The significant correlations of behavioral, social, and emotional development in the IVF group indicated some specificity against the control. The correlating indicators of mental and physical development proved that physical development might affect behavioral, social, and emotional development in IVF children.

Clinical case of a live-born child with triploidy

Theoretical data on etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations of triploidy, life expectancy of children in case of live-birth with this chromosomal anomaly are presented. A clinical case of a triploidy in a child is described. The girl was born from the first pregnancy from young healthy parents. Parents are not close relatives. Pregnancy was complicated with anemia, recurrent threats of miscarriage, progressive lack of water, progressive violation of uteroplacental blood flow and delay in fetal development. A congenital heart defect was diagnosed prenatally. The girl was born at 38 weeks of pregnancy with low indicators of physical development by caesarean section. Multiple developmental anomalies and malformations were revealed after birth. Combined congenital heart disease was confirmed by instrumental examination. Karyotyping revealed karyotype 69, ХХХ. Dynamic observation revealed that the child's age-related skills were not formed. Epileptic seizures occurred from the age of 4 months. The seizures had a status course. Surgical correction of congenital heart disease was performed in two stages: at 4.5 months and at 9.5 months in this patient. A fatal outcome occurred with an increase in multiple organ failure at the age of 10 months. The features of the clinical case, the possibilities of prenatal diagnosis of triploidy are analyzed.

Vitamin D Sufficiency and Its Relationship with Indicators of Physical Development and the State of Bone Tissue in Cadets of a Military Higher Educational Institution

Vitamin D Sufficiency and Its Relationship with Indicators of Physical Development and the State of Bone Tissue in Cadets of a Military Higher Educational Institution

Homocysteine as a biomarker of physical activity and exercise tolerance in adolescent children

Purpose: To determine the homocysteine content in children and adolescents with different levels of physical activity, to establish the relationship between homocysteine content, indicators of physical development, level of physical activity and tolerance to physical activity in adolescence. Material and Methods. We examined 83 children aged 11 to 17 years, who were examined by a pediatrician, an endocrinologist, and the girls by a pediatric gynecologist. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Committee on Bioethics and Deontology. Height, body weight and body mass index were assessed; physical activity tolerance by the Ruffier test; physical activity was assessed using a questionnaire; serum homocysteine was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. 81% of adolescents with high physical activity had regular sports training at least three times a week. In the group with low physical fitness, only 25.6 % attended sports sections, and 44.2 % of adolescents were completely physically inactive. The level of homocysteine in the blood did not depend on the sex of adolescents and physical development. Moderate hyperhomocysteinemia was detected in 41 adolescents, 68.3 % of whom had poor and low exercise tolerance and/or low physical activity. Statistically significantly higher homocysteine levels were observed in children with low physical activity (p<0.05), those who did not have sports training (p=0.027) or had reduced adaptation to physical activity (p<0.01). Conclusions. The level of homocysteine in the blood serum of adolescents did not depend on gender, physical development and the presence of somatic pathology. Low physical activity of adolescents is accompanied by increased levels of homocysteine in the blood. On the contrary, adolescents with high physical activity have lower levels. The lowest levels of homocysteine are observed in adolescents with good to excellent exercise tolerance. Unsatisfactory and weak Ruffier test results are associated with elevated homocysteine levels in adolescents

Hormonal Imbalance as a Prognostic Factor of Physical Development of Children with Intellectual Disability.

The purpose was to study the indicators of physical development of primary-school-aged children with intellectual disability by observing the type of autonomic nervous regulation and their levels of catecholamines and serotonin. A total of 168 primary school age children were examined, of which 54 had intellectual disability. The autonomic nervous system was assessed using cardiointervalography; anthropometric parameters were applied in accordance with recommendations. The contents of serotonin and catecholamines in blood plasma and lymphocytes were assessed using enzyme immunoassay and luminescent histochemical methods. Delayed physical and mental development in children with intellectual disability were associated with low serotonin levels in this group of children. The optimal option for the physical development of children with intellectual disability is a sympathetic type of autonomic nervous regulation, while negative-type vagotonic nervous regulation was associated with the maximum delay in physical development. The hypersympathetic type of nervous regulation was accompanied by minimal changes in physical development, despite the hormonal imbalance in the ratio of catecholamines and serotonin. The level of the neurotransmitter serotonin is a prognostic marker of the physical development of children of primary school age. The total amount of catecholamines and serotonin in blood plasma has a direct relationship with the amount of these neurotransmitters in blood lymphocytes; the more hormones in plasma, the more of them in lymphocytes. Therefore, the determination of the contents of catecholamines and serotonin in lymphocytes can be used as a model for studying neurotransmitters in humans.

Observation on the Effect of Parental Participation in Nursing Under the IMCHB Model in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of parental participation in nursing under the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior (IMCHB) model in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods: The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University included 46 newborns with HIE admitted from October 2021 to October 2023 into the study population. They were divided into a control group and an observation group according to the random number table method, with the control group adopting routine nursing, and the observation group implementing parental participation in nursing under the IMCHB model. The indicators of physical, intellectual, and psychomotor development of the two groups were compared before and after nursing. Results: The physical, intellectual, and psychomotor development of the observation group was higher than that of the control group after 3 months of nursing, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The implementation of the IMCHB model of parental participation in the clinical care of HIE neonates can further promote their physical, intellectual, and psychomotor development.

ВПЛИВ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ПІДХОДІВ НА ФІЗИЧНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ШКОЛЯРІВ З ВАДАМИ СЛУХУ В ПРОЦЕСІ АДАПТИВНОГО ФІЗИЧНОГОВИХОВАННЯ

Introduction. Correcting the physical development of students with hearing impairments requires an individual approach and the use of specialized methods and tools. Each student with hearing loss may have unique needs and capabilities. Therefore, it is important to create individualized physical education programs that take into account the specific limitations and capabilities of each student. It is important to develop and implement innovative approaches for children with hearing impairments that would have an impact on the physical development of schoolchildren along with the correctional and health-improving orientation of the entire process of adaptive physical education. The purpose of the study is to substantiate and implement an innovative methodology of adaptive physical culture for the correction of physical development of children with hearing impairments in the process of adaptive physical education. Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalisation of scientific literature data, sociological research methods, somatometric and physiometric research methods, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. The developed algorithm consisted of comparing two groups of 15-year- old schoolchildren with hearing impairment (boys (n=14), girls (n=12)) (control and experimental groups). Difference of content of classes in two groups of pupils was in means and methodical approaches to solution of correctional tasks in the process of physical education. In the first group, all training sessions were conducted in accordance with the physical education programme. In the second group, the methodology of correction of physical development included the following forms of training: exercises of different structure and focus to improve physical development indicators; increasing the level of functional capabilities of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems; balancing the psycho-emotional state (correctional games, tourist training skills, various types of health and recreational physical activity, improving the development of fine motor skills, exercises aimed at correcting and lagging behind in physical development), as well as an innovative program developed taking into account the needs and capabilities of children with hearing impairments. The innovative programme contained interactive exercises, included video tutorials with subtitles, games and tasks that can stimulate physical development, coordination and joint interaction.Conclusions. As a result, the implementation of the proposed methodology is confirmed by positive changes in the level of physical activity, improvement of general health and correction of physical development in the process of adaptive physical education of schoolchildren with hearing impairments.

Dynamic changes in physical development indicators of high school-age children in the Samara region over a decade

Dynamic changes in physical development indicators of high school-age children in the Samara region over a decade

Interplay of the indicators of physical development and psychological status in the young adult medical students

Interplay of the indicators of physical development and psychological status in the young adult medical students

Pre-school children single inhalation anesthetic exposure and neuro-psychological development: a prospective study and Mendelian randomization analysis.

For children who are unable to cooperate due to severe dental anxiety (DA), dental treatment of childhood caries under Dental General Anesthesia (DGA) is a safe and high-quality treatment method. This study aims to evaluate the impact on neurocognitive functions and the growth and development of children 2 years after dental procedure based on previous research, and further establish a causal relationship between general anesthesia (GA) and changes in children's neurocognitive functions by incorporating Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis. Data were collected and analyzed from 340 cases of S-ECC procedures of preschool children conducted in 2019. This involved comparing the neurocognitive outcomes 2 years post-operation of preschool children receiving dental procedures under general anesthesia or local anesthesia. Physical development indicators such as height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) of children were also compared at baseline, half a year post-operation, and 2 years post-operation. We performed a Mendelian randomization analysis on the causal relationship between children's cognitive development and general anesthesia, drawing on a large-scale meta-analysis of GWAS for anesthesia, including multiple general anesthesia datasets. Outcome data were obtained for 111 children in the general anesthesia group and 121 children in the local anesthesia group. The mean FSIQ score for the general anesthesia group was 106.77 (SD 6.96), while the mean score for the local anesthesia group was 106.36 (SD 5.88). FSIQ scores were equivalent between the two groups. The incidence of malnutrition in children in the general anesthesia group was 27.93% (p < 0.001) before surgery and decreased to 15.32% (p > 0.05) after 2 years, which was not different from the general population. The IVW method suggested that the causal estimate (p = 0.99 > 0.05, OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 5.98 × 10-4-1.82 × 103) was not statistically significant for disease prevalence. This indicates no genetic cause-and-effect relationship between anesthesia and childhood intelligence. There were no adverse outcomes in neurocognitive development in 2 years after severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) procedure under total sevoflurane-inhalation in preschool children. The malnutrition condition in children can be improved after S-ECC procedure under general anesthesia. Limited MR evidence does not support a correlation between genetic susceptibility to anesthesia and an increased risk for intelligence in children.

Фізична культура та спорт як фактор формування здорового способу життя населення

The purpose of this work. To conduct research and analysis of indicators of physical development and physical fitness of two groups of higher education students, as well as the functional state of their cardiovascular, muscular, and respiratory systems, in order to substantiate the importance and necessity of systematic physical education and sports. Materials and methods of research. In accordance with the purpose of the study, the following methods were used: theoretical (analysis and generalization of scientific literature), empirical (survey), testing to determine the physical fitness of students, physiometric and instrumental methods of studying the functional state of students' body systems. Results. Research and analysis of indicators of physical development, physical fitness, and functional state of body systems (cardiovascular, muscular, and respiratory) of higher education students at Cherkasy State Technological University were conducted. The analysis of the research results showed the importance of the role and place of physical culture and sports in preventive medicine and public health. Conclusions. The analyzed indicators of physical development, physical fitness of the studied groups of students, and the functional state of their cardiovascular, muscular, and respiratory systems showed how much physical education and sports allow young people to improve their physical fitness, maintain their health at an appropriate level to overcome life's difficulties, realize their abilities, and be useful to society. The results of our research to some extent coincide with the results of the research of many authors among different age categories of the population.

Самооценка физического здоровья студентов в процессе обучения в университете

Health and physical condition determine the success of students’ social self-development and professional selfrealization. The purpose of the study was to assess the health according to the physical development characteristics and functional condition of the first-year male students of Volgograd State University (n = 79). The results of measurements of students conducted under the guidance of a teacher and recorded in workbooks on physical education were analyzed. The data obtained were processed using mathematical statistics methods. Physical health indicators were test results that determine physical development and functional capabilities of students. High variability of indices evaluating physical development is shown, which indicates significant differences in the physical condition of first-year students. Participation of students in the self-assessment of indicators of physical development and functional fitness caused a critical attitude to their health, which was reflected in the formation of a conscious need for physical education. At the same time, some students understand that low indicators are the result of insufficient physical activity of students. It is indicated that in this situation, the main role in reducing the factors of physical inactivity is assigned to compulsory physical education classes provided by the state program, which are more likely to be tasked with the increase of physical activity of students.

Evaluation of the results of the study of individual indicators of physical development, special physical fitness and sports nutrition "Power Pro" of graduates of higher education with specific training conditions, engaged in mixed martial arts

Evaluation of the results of the study of individual indicators of physical development, special physical fitness and sports nutrition "Power Pro" of graduates of higher education with specific training conditions, engaged in mixed martial arts and law enforcement officers In order to achieve and maintain a high level of functional and physical fitness, high sports results, and maintaining the health of those who practice, a number of pedagogical, methodical, psychological, and medical-biological aspects are necessary. Therefore, the introduction of specialized sports nutrition is expedient. With the rational development of nutrition schemes, it is possible to increase the performance of athletes, improve all necessary indicators and planned results. The purpose of the article is to develop a program and recommendations for optimizing sports nutrition "Power Pro" and research the impact of specialized nutrition on individual anthropometric, indicators of general and special physical fitness of graduates of higher education with specific training conditions, engaged in mixed martial arts and law enforcement officers. The experiment involved young men (average age 19.10±0.74), high school graduates with specific training conditions, engaged in mixed martial arts and law enforcement officers (Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs), who were divided into 2 groups – control (n= 15) and experimental (n=15). The purpose of using specialized sports nutrition was as follows: 1. Increasing both general and special fitness (training and competition). 2. Preventive action of possible injuries and disruption of adaptation. 3. Timely and correct recovery of the body of those who are engaged, after a state of overstrain. 4. Providing the body of those who are struggling with food substances, taking into account individual energy consumption. To test the developed program for the introduction of specialized sports nutrition, before and after the experiment, the following parameters were studied: height, weight, dynamometers, VL, impact force. We have developed and implemented schemes for the ratio and combination of food substances: whey protein, BCAA (branched chain amino acids), creatine, taurine, a complex of vitamins and minerals. When developing the program of specialized sports nutrition "Power Pro" for the experimental group, the main factors such as age characteristics and body weight, gender of the test subjects, as well as individual characteristics of their physical development, specifics of the sport were directly analyzed. The obtained results of the study showed a statistically significant improvement of individual anthropometric and indicators of special physical fitness in the experimental group (p&lt;0.05). This makes it possible to draw conclusions about the positive dynamics of the implemented program of specialized sports nutrition on the monitored indicators, which are basic for athletes specializing in mixed martial arts.

Interaction of integral parameters of physical state and biological age of students aged 17-19 years old in the process of adaptation to standard and experimental physical education programs

Background and Study Aim. The process of adaptation to physical education programs is a critical factor influencing the health and physical development of students. Understanding how these programs affect both the physical state and biological age of students can significantly improve their effectiveness. The aim of the study is to investigate the interaction between integral parameters of physical state (PS) and biological age (BA) of students aged 17-19 years old in the process of adaptation to standard and experimental physical education (PE) programs. Material and Methods. The study involved 140 first-year students of the National University of Telecommunications - 80 males and 60 females. In the course of the research, the indices of functional state, physical fitness (PF) and physical development (PD), biological age (BA) were recorded in young men and women of the control (CG) and experimental (EG) groups. To process the experimental material, methods of dispersion and canonical analysis were used and multiple correlation and determination coefficients were calculated. Results. It was revealed that the impact of PS integral parameters on students' BA is stronger than the inverse influence of BA on PS parameters. The degree of BA reduction under the influence of the studied factors is most pronounced in the EG of girls and boys. The variability of the group of PD and PF indices is accompanied by the variability of most of the BA parameters’ dispersion in all studied groups of students. The factor of gender has the greatest impact on the BA of students. Girls have lower initial values of BA and it’s a more pronounced decrease by the end of the experiment. The effectiveness of the impact of an aerobically oriented experimental program on the improvement of students’ PS and reduction of BA was confirmed. Under the influence of the experimental program, the BA of EG girls decreases to a greater extent in comparison with EG boys and students of both control groups. Changes and differences in BA of boys and girls of EG and CG are due to the combined impact of the factor of PE software and that of adaptation changes of students' PS in the annual process of PE. In the group of boys and girls more pronounced influence on BA in the course of the experiment was produced by the factor of software and adaptation changes, respectively. Conclusions. The gender factor has the strongest impact on students' BA - girls have lower initial values of BA and it’s a more pronounced decrease by the end of the experiment in comparison with boys. Adaptation changes of PS in the process of software implementation are accompanied by a decrease in BA in the experimental groups. One of the criteria and confirmations of the effectiveness of the developed PE program is the degree of mutual influence of PS integral parameters, which is most pronounced in the reduction of BA in the experimental groups of girls and boys.

Effects of Helicobacter pylori Infection Before and After Eradication Treatment on Physical Development and Nutritional Indicators of Children

Background: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection causes digestive disorders in children. Objectives: To investigate whether Hp infection affects the physical development and nutritional indicators of children. Methods: This retrospective study included 100 healthy children and 112 children with Hp infection who received eradication treatment. A retrospective statistical analysis was conducted on the height, weight, hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin (SF), serum iron (SI), albumin (ALB), and 25-(OH)D3 levels of all selected children. Results: Of the 112 children with Hp infection, 23 (20.5%) showed a positive 13C-urea breath test after a 1-year follow-up, and they were classified into the recurrence group. Following a 1-year follow-up, 89 (79.5%) children demonstrated negative results in the 13C-urea breath test and were selected for the non-recurrence group. Analysis of physical development and nutritional indices revealed lower Hb, SI, SF, and 25-(OH)D3 levels in the study group than in the control group before eradication treatment (P &lt; 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the control and study groups regarding body height, body weight, and ALB levels (P &gt; 0.05). Following 1 year of eradication treatment, Hb, SI, SF, 25-(OH)D3, and ALB levels showed no significant difference between the study and control groups (P &gt; 0.05). However, a relevant contrast was noted in 25-(OH)D3 levels between the non-recurrence and recurrence groups after 1 year of eradication treatment (P &lt; 0.05), with the former group having lower levels than the latter. Conclusions: Hp infection may impact Hb, SI, SF, and 25-(OH)D3 levels in children. Decreased 25-(OH)D3 may be a hazard for the recurrence of Hp infection.

DYNAMICS OF ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICATORS OF THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS FROM 1925 TO 2022 IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

Introduction. Secular changes in the somatometric parameters of children and adolescents of both sexes are observed in most countries of the world. The data in the literary sources are contradictory and indicate two opposite directions of the processes of changes in time the parameters of physical development - acceleration and deceleration, which points out to the need for their constant monitoring. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the main somatometric indicators of physical development (length and body weight) was carried out in children and adolescents of both sexes in the city of Gomel aged 8 to 16 years, obtained in 1925 (first group), 1973 (second group), 2010-2012 (third group), 2021-2022 (fourth group). These populations were homogeneous in place of residence, ethnicity, close in time of inspection and representative in number. The number of boys and girls in each age group was 100 or more people. Results. It was found that children and adolescents of both sexes of the Republic of Belarus examined in 2010-2012 and 2021-2022 had higher values of somatometric indicators (body length and weight) compared to their peers examined in 1925 and 1973 (p&lt;0,05-0,001). At the same time, there were practically no statistically significant differences between the anthropometric indicators of schoolchildren of two gender groups surveyed in 2010-2012 and in 2021-2022. Conclusion. A comparative analysis of the anthropometric indicators of children and adolescents of both sexes aged 8-16 years from 1925 to 2022 indicates that the process of acceleration among urban schoolchildren in Belarus observed in the period from 1925 to 2012 stopped, which is indicated by the absence of statistically significant differences between the anthropometric indicators of schoolchildren surveyed in 2010-2012 and in 2021-2022.

Impact of protein and carnitine consuption on outcomes of care development of full-term newborns with critical perinatal diseases

There were studied results of the impact of increased consumption of proteins and L-carnitine in the nutrition program of full-term newborns with perinatal diseases on the results of physical development and inpatient treatment features. The purpose of the work was to study the correlations between short-term higher consumption of protein and carnitine by full-term newborns and the results of their physical development, the duration of hospital care development. The vital signs of 59 full-term newborns were studied in a randomized controlled trial in the period 2017-2020. The main critical disease of the perinatal period in newborns of both groups was found to be hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy of a moderate degree in 86.7% and 86.2%, without a statistically significant difference. One group (n=30) received nutrition with mother's milk or formula, the second group (n=29) received similar nutrition with fortification with a protein and L-carnitine supplement during the hospital stay. At the beginning and at the end of the treatment, physical development of the newborns was studied and correlations between the obtained data were investigated. Newborns of both groups did not differ in characteristics at the beginning of the study. The proportions of the newborns' weight corresponded to the limits of the 50% percentile. The group with increased consumption of protein and carnitine, fortification group (FG) demonstrated better indicators of physical development, they regained body mass faster. Body mass of the newborns of the fortification group goup was 3966.9±439.1 g, compared to the standard nutrition (SN) group, with indicators being 3554.6±452.3 g, at p=0.003. The rate of increase in body length in FG was twice that of the SN group. Consumption of a larger dose of protein was accompanied by a shorter stay in the intensive care unit – 10.0 (8.0; 12.0) days versus 12.0 (11.0; 16.0) days, with U=235.0; p=0.002; earlier discharge from the hospital – 21.0 (19.0; 27.0) days versus 26.5 (22.0; 31.0) days, with U=267.0, p=0.01. Carnitine supplementation in the FG group led to an increase in the level of free carnitine in the blood plasma samples taken before the discharge from the hospital. The study of correlations revealed a positive correlation between the consumption of a full dose of proteins and the total increase in height (R=0.3, p&lt;0.05), the increase in body weight (R=0.3, p&lt;0.05). A negative correlation was found between the protein level and the duration of treatment in the hospital (R= -0.3, p&lt;0.05). The level of free carnitine had a positive effect on the increase in body length (R=0.51, p&lt;0.05), daily weight gain (R=0.3, p&lt;0.05). A poor increase in body length was associated with a longer duration of respiratory support: the correlation had an inverse direction R= -0.4, p&lt;0.05. Improving nutritional strategies has significant prospects for improving care development of full-term babies with critical perinatal states.

BASIC INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN AGED 5-6 YEARS WITH RECURRENT RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS

Background. Recently, scientific publications on various aspects of the problem of recurrent respiratory infections in preschool children have paid increasing attention to identifying influential factors contributing to frequent episodes of acute respiratory infections (ARI). In particular, these factors include significant deviations in children's physical development from standard values.&#x0D; Aim: to find out the relationship between the frequency of ARI episodes in children aged 60-83 months and their basic anthropometric indicators.&#x0D; Materials and methods. A total of 71 children (44 boys and 27 girls) aged 60-83 months, undergoing inpatient treatment on ARI, were involved in the clinical study.&#x0D; The number of ARI episodes during the previous year of their life was taken into account. Additionally, two integral indices of ARI recurrence, specifically the infection index (InI) and resistance index (RI), were calculated. The basic indicators of physical development were assessed in the children, including: 1) body weight; 2) body length; 3) body surface area; 4) body mass index; 5) chest circumference (CC); 6) integral index of dolichostenomelia. For the comparative analysis of the results obtained, the current standards of physical development indicators for children from the World Health Organization were used. The statistical processing of the digital data was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 28 licensed software.&#x0D; Results. Rank correlation analysis and cross-tabulation did not demonstrate any interdependence between InI and RI, on the one hand, and the anthropometric indicators considered, on the other hand. Meanwhile, there was a very strong direct correlation between InI and RI (ρ=0.983; p&lt;0.001; 95% CI: 0.972-0.989) in the examined children. Linear regression analysis revealed the dependence of InI and RI on CC size (p&lt;0.001). At that, the degree of the impact of CC size on these clinical indices was almost the same, constituting 7.7% and 7.5%, respectively.&#x0D; Conclusion. Thus, according to the data obtained, the contribution of СС size to the susceptibility of children aged 60-83 months to recurrent respiratory infections among other potential risk factors is insignificant. However, given the widely recognized diversity of mentioned factors, the result deserves due attention. This should be accounted while developing the final integrated model for predicting the frequency of ARI episodes in preschool children.

Analysis of anthropometric indicators of visually impaired children in relation to their healthy peers and according to subgroups of a special medical group

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of physical development indicators as one of the criteria for the health status of children with visual deprivation, based on the special medical subgroup, in comparison with their relatively healthy peers. Material &amp; Methods. Guided by ethical principles and based on informed consent, a study was conducted involving 27 children aged 10. Among them, 13 children had visual deprivation, specifically 8 children were assigned to subgroup A, and 5 to subgroup B. Additionally, 14 relatively healthy children participated in the study. The assessment of physical development was carried out through anthropometric measurements, including body weight, body length, chest circumference, and chest excursion, following standard methodology. Results. The corresponding statistical analysis revealed that the difference between the groups is statistically significant at the level of p&lt;0.01 only for the indicators of chest circumference on inhalation and exhalation in centimeters, as well as for the chest circumference based on the sigma coefficient. For the rest of the indicators, the differences do not reach a sufficient level of statistical significance. These data indicate that 10-year-old children with visual deprivation significantly differed from their peers without visual deprivation in having a significantly larger chest circumference. Children from subgroup B are slightly taller, have a greater body mass, and exceed the chest circumference on inhalation and exhalation of children who, based on medical criteria, fall into subgroup A. However, all these differences, according to statistical criteria, are not pronounced enough to be considered significant for making decisions regarding the specific design of a program for correcting motor disorders during physical education sessions. Conclusions. The study confirmed data showing that children with visual deprivation exhibit higher body weight indicators compared to their peers without visual deprivation. This is attributed to a sedentary lifestyle resulting from visual analyzer dysfunction. Comparing the anthropometric indices of children with visual deprivation of subgroup A and subgroup B, insignificant differences were found. The only indicator that significantly distinguishes these groups of children is chest excursion, where most children in subgroup A have a difference of 4 cm between the circumference of the chest during inhalation and exhalation, and children in subgroup B have a difference of only 3 cm. The statistical significance of such differences was confirmed by the Mann-Whitney test at the level of p≤0.05.

Варіативність основних антропометричних показників у дітей віком 12-59 місяців із різною частотою гострих респіраторних інфекцій в анамнезі

Aim - to determine the state of interdependence between the frequency of acute respiratory infections (ARI) episodes in children aged 12-59 months and basic indicators of their physical development. Materials and methods. A total of 136 children (68 boys and 68 girls) aged 12-59 months, undergoing inpatient treatment on ARI, were involved in the clinical study. The number of ARI episodes during the previous year of their life was taken into account. Additionally, two integral indices of ARI recurrence, specifically the infection index (InI) and resistance index (RI), were calculated. The basic indicators of physical development were assessed in the children, including: 1) body weight (BW); 2) body length (BL); 3) body surface area (BSA); 4) body mass index; 5) chest circumference; 6) integral index of dolichostenomelia. For the comparative analysis of the results obtained, the current standards of physical development indicators for children from the World Health Organization were used. The statistical processing of the digital data was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 28 licensed software. Results. In the examined children, InI was inversely and moderately correlated with BW, BL, BSA, and chest circumference. According to this correlation, higher InI was combined with lower physical development indicators. On the contrary, a direct and weakly expressed interdependence with BW, BL, and BSA was found for RI. It was confirmed by registration of bigger RI against the background of higher anthropometric parameters. A cross-tabulation demonstrated a moderate relationship between the frequency of ARI episodes, on the one hand, and the considered centile intervals for BL (φc=0.362; p=0.037) as well as the Z-intervals for the integral anthropometric parameter - BL/child’s age (φc=0.348; p=0.006), on the other hand. Conclusions. A linear regression analysis carried out in the children demonstrates the dependence of the frequency of ARI episodes only on their age. At that, none of the studied anthropometric indicators is represented in the resulting prognostic model. The absence of these indicators in the model obtained may be explained, firstly, by the small number of the examined patients, whose BW and BL belonged to 2 extreme centile intervals: 3-5% and 95-97%. Secondly, it is likely that the further study of the relationship between the frequency of ARI episodes and physical development indicators would be more advisable to undertake in children groups with narrower age ranges. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committees of the institutions mentioned in the paper. An informed parental consent was obtained for the study in children. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.