Index Of Cultural Significance Research Articles

Ethnoecological Study of Local Community Food in Supporting the Development of Culinary Ecotourism in the Sekotong Region, West Lombok

Combining the concept of ecotourism with culinary delights based on local food resources in coastal communities in West Lombok district is one form of appropriate development strategy that will make the West Lombok district region have its own development characteristics leading to sustainable tourism and tourism support which will become the concept of future tourism development. This research examines in more depth the ethnoecological aspects of coastal communities, especially regarding local food. Through this research, data will be obtained regarding the diversity of local food types in coastal communities, mapping community wisdom in processing and utilizing local food. Local community interactions and perceptions of local food diversity. The type of research used is descriptive exploratory with research techniques in the form of exploration. The sampling techniques used in the research were purpose sampling and snowball sampling. Research data collection uses several techniques, including random observation to obtain qualitative and quantitative data on local food typical of the island of Lombok, which uses an open questionnaire targeting local communities according to predetermined criteria. The research results show that coastal communities have more food resources originating from marine resources, both fish and non-fish, these food resources are still protected because most people still harvest the results using simple equipment. There are around 11 types of processed food as a family practice. Tuna fish has the highest ICS (Index of Cultural Significance) value while mackerel fish has the highest variety of uses. Shrimp is the fish group that has the highest ICS value, while cassava leaves have the highest ICS value for the vegetable group. The local wisdom of the community which originates from their ancestors in order to protect their environmental resources is still maintained today.

Variation in traditional knowledge of culturally important macromycete species among three indigenous communities of Oaxaca, Mexico

BackgroundFor centuries, wild mushrooms have been a forest resource of significant cultural value in several ethnic groups worldwide. In Mexico, extensive traditional knowledge on the use of fungal resources has been developed and deeply rooted. Mexico is the second country in the world in which the most species of wild mushroom are consumed, and it is considered a pioneer in ethnomycology. Nonetheless, there are still many indigenous groups in this country that have not been studied from an ethnomycological approach. The present study aimed to record the traditional knowledge on wild mushrooms in three indigenous groups of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, and assess the variation in this knowledge within and across the studied groups.MethodsThe data were recorded from April to October 2022 within three communities belonging to the indigenous groups Chatino, Chontal, and Chinanteco. Through 84 interviews, information related to their knowledge of wild mushrooms was obtained. The cultural significance index of wild edible mushrooms was calculated for each community. Regression analyses, analysis of variance and covariance, t test, and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis were performed to assess the distribution of traditional knowledge in the communities.ResultsA total of 32 culturally important mushroom species were recorded for the three indigenous groups (30 edible, 2 medicinal); 23 used by Chatinos, 16 by Chontales, and 6 by Chinantecos. Only Chatinos and Chinantecos use wild mushrooms in medicine. The cultural significance of wild edible mushrooms differed among groups. Traditional knowledge about wild mushrooms declines when the level of schooling increases and age decreases, especially in the Chatino group. This knowledge distributes more homogeneously in the Chontal and Chinanteco groups. Their age determines the difference in knowledge between men and women.ConclusionDocumenting how traditional knowledge differs among ethnic groups is relevant for preserving cultural and biological diversity. Factors such as level of schooling and age can affect traditional knowledge of wild mushrooms, but the effects of these factors vary within and across communities. Conducting studies encompassing a broader range of variables is of interest for a better understanding of the human–mushroom relationship.

Correlation Status of Cultural Significance Index to Characteristics of Krui Indigenous People as a Base for Repong Damar Conservation Efforts

Correlation Status of Cultural Significance Index to Characteristics of Krui Indigenous People as a Base for Repong Damar Conservation Efforts

New Record: Ethnobotany of "Buah Tarasi" (Cassia javanica L.) in Sukabumi and Cianjur, West Java

The article aimed to record community knowledge regarding cultivating, utilizing, and conserving tarasi fruit (Cassia javanica) in Cianjur and Sukabumi Districts, West Java. The ethnobotanical interview method was used for 22 respondents from Cilaku village, Cianjur district, and Tegal Buleud village, Sukabumi district. Respondent criteria have or have owned a tarasi tree and used it. The interview consisted of 20 questions. The data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using the Index of Cultural Significance (ICS). The results found that ecologically, tarasi fruit was grown by the community from seed (82%), in cultivation (68%), and planted in the yard (86%). Tarasi fruit is used, among others, for cooking seasoning (38%), firewood (42%), tools (8%), and digestive medicine (12%), but the highest ICS score is for cooking seasoning (10.89). The utilization of tarasi fruit in the form of dried pods is processed into a paste. The presence of live trees in only 36.4% still used for seasoning in only 9.1%, and there has yet to be an attempt to share knowledge. The conclusion is that tarasi fruit for vegetable shrimp paste must be developed so that it has an impact on conservation.

Diversity, Informant Consensus Factor and Cultural Significance Index of Wild Edible Plants in the Jaunpur region, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand

The wild edibles are essential not only for nutrition, medicine, fodder and fuel but also as potential source of income generation. The conventional use of wild edible plants is habitual in the remote and hill regions of the Uttarakhand state (India). The present study was carried out in a mountainous part of the Uttarakhand namely Jaunpur region situated in the district Tehri Garhwal. Extensive field surveys were conducted in the area to gather information (traditional knowledge on wild edible plants) from the inhabitants through questionnaire method. A total of 220 key informants including old aged farmers, shepherds, and vaidyas were surveyed. The present study resulted in documentation of a total 73 plant species (under 58 genera and 38 families) as source of wild edibles. Rosaceae (10 species) and Fabaceae (7 species) revealed as the most dominant families followed by Anacardiaceae, Moraceae and Rutaceae (4 species each). Majority of the recorded species belong to the tree habit (35% species) followed by herb (29%), shrub (29%), and climber (7%). The commonly used plant parts as source of wild edible in the area include fruits (59% species), leaves (24%), seeds (5%) and flowers (4%). Documentation of the traditional knowledge is much important because it provide alternative means to reduce hunger, poverty, and health issues especially in finding novel compounds (drug discovery).

Exploration of the Wild Edible Plants Used for Basic Health Care by Local People of Bahawalpur and Adjacent Regions, Pakistan.

The current study aimed to explore the traditional knowledge and practices of indigenous communities in Bahawalpur and adjacent regions, Pakistan, to treat a variety of diseases with a particular focus on the usage of ethnomedicinal wild plants. The objective of the study was to collect and evaluate local and indigenous knowledge regarding the quantity, variety, use and management of resources by the people. Data were gathered using Rapid Appraisal Approach (RAA), which involved in-person interviews. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics methods as well as common ethnobotanical analytical techniques viz. use value (UV), relative frequency of citation (RFC), informant consensus factor (ICF), fidelity level (FL), relative importance (RI), frequency index (FI), family use value (FUV), family importance value (FIV), popular therapeutic use value (POPUT), plant part value (PPV), preference ranking (PR), cultural significance index (CSI), rank order priority (ROP) and Jaccard index (JI). A total of 158 plant species from 49 families were identified. The perennial herbs made up 72% of the documented species of therapeutic plants. There were 21 different species in each of the two major plant families i.e., Fabaceae and Poaceae. The maximum ICF were calculated for gonorrhea and paralysis (1.0) and maximum POPUT was calculated for skin disorders (0.088) and cough (0.077), respectively. The maximum UV was found for Rumex crispus (0.57) and RI for Leucaena leucocephala (4.38). Heliotropium crispum had the highest FL value (83%) and is used to treat kidney diseases. Alhagi maurorum had the greatest RFC (0.009) and FI (0.93). Arecaceae (0.45) and Fabaceae (13.39%) had the greatest FUV while Poaceae and Fabaceae had the highest FIV (13.29 for each). Leaves were the most frequently used plant part (35%). Alhagi maurorum (4.0) and Rumex crispus (32.57) had the highest CSI and ROP, respectively. The maximum JI (28.31) was calculated for Cholistan desert. These results showed the local population's reliance on herbal remedies to treat prevalent illnesses. To demonstrate the viability of species, it's crucial to emphasize both the use and conservation of these species. Adopting innovative applications, enhancing their value, and prioritizing the protection of multipurpose wild plants in inhabited environments is vital.

An ethnobotanical study on the medicinal herb practices of the gelao ethnic minority in North Guizhou, China: an exploration of traditional knowledge.

Introduction: The Gelao ethnic minority of northern Guizhou, China have long possessed extensive traditional knowledge of medicinal herbs. This ethnobotanical study aimed to document and evaluate wild plants used medicinally by the Gelao people, providing insights into their traditional medicine and knowledge systems. Methods: Field research was conducted in Gelao communities of Daozhen, Wuchuan and Zheng'an counties using interviews, surveys and participatory rural appraisal. Results: Quantitative ethnobotanical indices were utilized to assess the cultural significance of 187 herbs identified. The herbs belonged to 84 families, primarily Compositae, and were mostly roots, rhizomes and whole plants. They were used to treat digestive, respiratory and inflammatory disorders, gynecological diseases, bites and other conditions, mainly through decoctions. 25 highly significant herbs (national plant cultural significance index > 1000) were known to protect health. Some function as food and are considered safe. However, the study revealed issues including a declining number of knowledgeable elders and inadequate hygiene controls. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the Gelao's extensive medicinal plant knowledge and highlight the need for further ethnobotanical research to document and preserve this culturally important tradition. The identified herbs also represent an alternative medicinal resource with potential modern applications pending further investigation of their pharmacology and sustainable use. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into Gelao ethnobotanical knowledge and the potential of indigenous medicine for modern healthcare.

Ethnobotany of Traditional Food Ingredients in Tuban Regency, East Java

Traditional food is one of the cultural products that was created to meet primary human needs by involving local wisdom. Various types of traditional food are processed from plants taken from the surrounding environment and other places. Local communities have specific interactions and perceptions of plants as ingredients for their traditional foods. The goal was to determine the diversity, the categories of utilization, the organs used, the preparation methods, and the Cultural Significance Index (ICS) of plants in traditional Tuban food ingredients. This research was conducted by surveying 117 respondents from 20 sub-districts in Tuban Regency, followed by in-depth interviews with 20 traditional food makers in Tuban. The data obtained is in the form of qualitative data in the form of local knowledge of the Tuban people regarding plants in their traditional food ingredients, while quantitative data is in the form of the Cultural Significance Index (ICS). The results showed that there were 15 families consisting of 10 species of plants in traditional Tuban food, all of which were cultivated plants, the most used category of plants as spices and the organs most used were seeds and the highest ICS value was Oryza sativa L.

Ethnobotany of food plants used by Minangkabau Community in Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract. Agesti ARA, Ariyanti NS, Chikmawati T, Purwanto Y. 2023. Ethnobotany of food plants used by Minangkabau Community in Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2756-2767. The Minangkabau tribe is well known for its culture and cuisine, but documents on their knowledge and wisdom in the utilization of food plants are still limited. This study aims to inventory plant species used for food by Minangkabau community, assess their importance and economic value, and analyze the important landscapes where the food plants are obtained. This study was conducted in six villages representing different level of modernization in Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra which is one of the centers of origin of Minangkabau ancestral. Data were collected through open, semi-structured and structured interviews with key informants and respondents. The Pebble Distribution Method (PDM) is used for scoring activities. Data were analyzed to show the use values (UVs), local user's value index (LUVI), index of cultural significance (ICS), and economic value of the food plants. The interviewed informants mentioned 154 plant species from 51 families were used for food. Cocos nucifera L. has the most various uses as food (highest UVs) and is the most important cultivated plant for the Minangkabau culture (ICS) in all the six villages. The most important food plant species based on a community perspective (highest LUVI) is Oryza sativa L. The wild plants having the highest LUVI and ICS differed among the villages. Plants with high economic value include O. sativa, Durio zibethinus Murray and Citrus aurantium L. The landscapes considered important are paddy fields and fields because they provide staple food. Information from this study can support food diversification to achieve food security based on the local knowledge on the diversity of food plant species and potential landraces in Minangkabau community.

Ethnobotany of food plants utilized by Malay Ethnic in Belitung District, Indonesia

Abstract. Chikmawati T, Sulistijorini, Djuita NR, Prasaja D, Yamini THA, Miftahudin, Fakhrurrozi Y. 2023. Ethnobotany of food plants utilized by Malay Ethnic in Belitung District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2977-2987. Many food commodities in Belitung District, Indonesia are imported from the other islands. However, the local government's experience with the COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged the community to increase the diversification of local food products. Comprehensive data on the species used and the utilization is needed to support the effort. The research aimed to study the potential of plant biodiversity as a food source through ethnobotanical studies of the Malay ethnic group in the Belitung District. The study began by determining key and ordinary respondents using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Furthermore, data were collected through open, semi-structured, and structured interviews. The index of cultural significance (ICS) was determined based on quantitative data. The Malay community in the Belitung District utilizes 181 plant species as food, and most species are wild plants (59%). The number of plants used as food varies among sub-districts and is significantly correlated with forest area in each sub-district. The edible plants are divided into seven utilization categories: fruits, cooking spices, vegetables, sources of carbohydrates, beverage ingredients, grains, and staple food. The most used plant organ is the fruit. The plant with the highest ICS value in four sub-districts, i.e., Membalong, Tanjung Pandan, Sijuk, Badau, was coconut (Cocos nucifera); whereas the highest ICS value in the Selat Nasik sub-district was orange konci (Citrus microcarpa). Rice (Oryza sativa) and white pepper (Piper nigrum) also have high ICS values. Rice is an irreplaceable staple food source, while pepper is a commodity with high economic value for the community. The large number of wild plants the community uses indicates that there are many alternative plant species to meet food needs.

Ethnobotanical Study of Cilokaq, Traditional Musical Art of Sasak Tribe on Lombok Island

Cilokaq is a traditional musical art of Sasak Tribe, which features several verses of songs with instruments such as gongs, drums, flutes, and gambus. The making of Cilokaq musical instrument uses plants that are obtained from nature, and this plant utilization should be well documented in order to assure the preservation of cultural heritage and also the plant resources contained in it. The purpose of this research is to identify the species of plants used in t Cilokaq musical instruments and to explore aspects of plant utilization and other ethnobotanical aspects of Cilokaq on Lombok Island. This research used qualitative and quantitative data collected through observations, interviews, documentation, and literatures study. Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) value was used to predict the importance value of each species involved in Cilokaq instruments. Informants were determined using snowball sampling technique. As a result, there were eight plants species categorized in 5 families used in making Cilokaq instruments, while there were 6 species belongs to 5 families used as offerings (andang-andang). Rotan (Calamus sp.) had the highest value of ICS (80), while Areca catechu, Gossypium herbaceum, Oryza sativa, Capsicum annuum, and Piper betle had the lowest value (8). Plants such as Ficus fistulosa, Calamus sp., and Schizotachyum blumei are species that begin to be difficult to find so that conservation action are needed in order to preserve the Cilokaq traditional art and plants species involved in it.

Ethnobotany of the kaili da'a community in Kinovaro district, Sigi regency, central Sulawesi province

This study aimed to identify and explain the types and benefits of plants in the Kaili Da'a community. This research used a descriptive research type with qualitative and quantitative methods. The population in this study was the Kaili Da'a people in Balane Village, Kinovaro District, and Matantimali Village, Marawola Barat District, Sigi Regency. Qualitative methods were used to determine the use of known plants by the Kaili Da'a people in the Kinavaro and West Marawola Districts in the Sigi Regency. Plants were analyzed qualitatively by grouping plant species, including regional names, Latin names, families, habitus, parts used, and the benefits of these plants. The data obtained in the field was presented in tabulations and then analyzed descriptively with a quantitative approach using the Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) equation. The people of Balane village use 15 species of plants as food, 13 species of plants as spices, 19 species of medicinal plants, 9 species of plants as animal feed, 11 species of plants used for ritual and religious customs, 4 species of ornamental plants, 4 species of plants for 3 species of aromatic and dyes, 9 species of plants as fuel and 3 species of plants used as furniture and building materials. The parts of the plant used are leaves, fruit, tubers, stems, seeds, and flowers. The Kaili Da'a people's main food is Pae (Oryza sativa L), a staple food, and additional food such as Punti and Jole (Zea mays). The highest percentage of plant used in medicines, namely 15.9% for food, it occupies the second highest at 12.6%. Meanwhile, plants are the lowest in dyes and aromatics, namely 2.5%. Based on this study, a high ICS value was obtained, namely, purpureum Roxb, and there were only 2 species of jeringau, Kaluku (Cocos nucifera L.) and Pae (Oryza sativa L.).

Studi Etnobotani Tumbuhan yang Digunakan dalam Upacara Kematian Saur Matua

This study aims to determine the types, parts and essential values of the plants used in the Saur Matua death ceremony. The method used is quantitative-qualitative. The results showed that there were six plant species from 4 families, namely Poaceae, Moraceae, Liliaceae and Laxmanniaceae. The dominant plant parts used are leaves and stems. The highest plant importance values were rice (ICS = 50), ompu-ompu (ICS = 12) and banyan trees (ICS = 2). In conclusion, the types of plants used in the Saur Matua death ceremony are banyan trees, Ompu-ompu, rice, ground fan orchids, sanggar or pimping and Silinjung with leaves and stems as the dominant plant parts used and rice is a type that has essential value tallest plant. 
 Keywords: Index of Cultural Significance, Liliaceae, Nibung Hangus, Poaceae, Saur Matua

Ethnobotany of the Toba Batak Ethnic Community in Samosir District, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract. Sitanggang NDH, Zuhud EAM, Masy’ud B, Soekmadi. 2022. Ethnobotany of the Toba Batak Ethnic Community in Samosir District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6114-6118. The Toba Batak ethnic community is one of the ethnic groups in Indonesia that is believed to have unique characteristics in terms of ethnobotanical aspects. The objectives of this study were to identify the diversity of plant species that were used and collected by the Toba Batak ethnic community, analyze their Cultural Significance Index and determine the economic potential of plant species of high cultural value. The survey was conducted in four villages near Samosir Botanical Gardens and Aek Natonang Lake. We collected data through field observations and interviews with key respondents of chiefs, healers, homemakers and youth as users. We analyzed the data to determine the number of plant species collected and used by the Toba Batak ethnic community, to calculate the cultural importance of the plant species, and to determine the economic potential of the plant species. The result showed that the community collected and used 146 plant species from 53 families. We distinguished it into three categories, food (66 species), medicine (67 species) and traditional rituals (13 species). Twenty plant species had the highest cultural value (ICS > 30). Nine species had the highest cultural value, i.e., ginger (Zingiber officinale) (54), rice (Oryza sativa) (50), garlic (Allium sativum) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) 48), mango (Mangifera indica) and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) (40), and lime (Citrus aurantifolia), kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) and rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) (39). Six of the nine plant species with high cultural value were considered potential and priority economic commodities. These species were ginger, rice, garlic, turmeric, mango and sweet potato.

Study of Habitat Characteristic and Ethnobotanical Aspects of Komak Beans (Fabaceae) in North Lombok Regency

Komak bean is one type of local beans that are quite widely cultivated. Komak beans have various important ingredients so that it can become alternative food stuffs and produce a variety of food products. North Lombok Regency is one of the komak bean cultivation center in West Nusa Tenggara. Information regarding the use and condition of the komak bean’s habitat in North Lombok Regency is not much known. Based on this, research is needed to be done related to the use and characteristics of komak bean habitats. This study aims to determine the diversity of komak bean, variety of utilization, habitat characteristics, and local wisdom in komak bean conservation. The methods used are field observations, interviews and measurements of environmental factors. Respondents were selected by purposive sampling and snowball sampling with semi-structured interview. In this study, the types of komak beans was found consisted of Lablab purpureus ssp. purpureus, Lablab purpureus var. lignosus, Lablab purpureus var. typicus, and Phaseolus lunatus. The variety of uses of komak beans in North Lombok Regency are as food ingredients, animal feed, a component of gifts in traditions, land barriers, and shade. Cultural Significance Index (CSI) value show P. lunatus as the most important type with value of 32 or almost used in all varieties of utilization. Komak beans grow at soil temperature ranges from 26℃-33℃, soil moisture 20-80%, 25℃-36℃ air temperature, air moisture 34-92%, and soil pH is range 4-8. The dominant texture of the soil are sandy clay and silty clay. Various traditional ways that are applied by the public to preserve komak seeds, namely mixing with rough salt, betel chalk and coconut oil, turmeric powder, and crushed seeds of Schleichera oleosa.

Ethnomedicinal Study of Jamu Pa’i piri by the Mbojo Tribe in Dompu District

Pa’i piri herbs comes from the Mbojo tribe and is made from a bitter ingredient and is believed to have various benefits. This study aims to determine the use of ethnomedicine and the importance of a plant in the herbal medicine pa’i piri in the Dompu District. Sando lo’i and herbal medicine producers were informants obtained through snowball sampling and structured interviews were conducted. The data was collected in the form of components, composition, method of manufacture, method of use, dosage, frequency of use, duration of use, and the efficacy of herbal medicine pa’i piri. Information is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Quantitative analysis uses Use Value (UV), Index of Cultural Significance (ICS), and Fidelity Level (FL). The results showed that there were 36 species used by 25 informants for the manufacture of herbal medicine pa’i piri. Pa’i piri herbal medicine can be efficacious for 23 indications obtained from research. The highest UV values ​​were Syzygium aromaticum, Zingiber officinale, and Curcuma longa Linn. with a value of 6.46 and the lowest is Allium ascalonicum L. with a value of 0.5. The highest ICS value was Allium sativum 'Solo garlic' with a value of 660 and the lowest ICS value was Spondias pinnata with a value of 4.5. FL values ​​range from 4 to 100%. Based on the results of the analysis, plants with high values ​​are plants that are often used in the manufacture of herbal medicine pa’i piri.

Exploration in utilization of Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet in Central Lombok Regency as a support in food security based on local germplasm management and conservation

Komak (generally assumed and known as Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) is one of the important food commodities in Fabaceae family, especially for people on Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara. Komak bean is also one of the common plants which is widely grown on Lombok Island in general. The objects of this research are to explore the various uses on some morphological variants of komak plant in Central Lombok Regency as one of komak production area on Lombok Island, including its potency of development strategies. This descriptive exploratory research was conducted in Central Lombok Regency as one of the important areas for komak population, supported by interviews, participatory observation and documentation. Snowball sampling method was applied in informant selection. Data were analyzed based on the calculation of Reported Use (RU) and Index of Cultural Significance (ICS). As the results, there are about 10 (ten) utilizations of komak plant reported by the community: as food, yard plants, land boundaries, economic plants, natural fertilizers, ecological functions (soil cover/erosion prevention), animal feed, seasonal indicators, ritual, and socio-cultural functions. Dissemination of information about processing technology and utilization of komak plant are still needed in order to support the optimalization of the management and utilization of this commodity as one of potential legumes that has a strategic role in realizing national food security.

Ethnobotanical investigation of medicinal plants in Buska Mountain range, Hamar district, Southwestern Ethiopia

BackgroundDespite the fact that ethnobotanical studies have been conducted in various parts of Ethiopia, compared with the existence of the multitude and diverse ethnic groups and their associated traditional knowledge, the studies are not comprehensive enough for all the localities and communities in the country. This is also true for the Hamar community of Southwestern Ethiopia, who are totally dependent on plants and plant products for their livelihood. Hence, this investigation was done to identify and record medicine plants and the native wisdom of the community in the area.MethodsThree hundred twenty six (326) informants were selected from the 12 lowest governmental units (Kebeles) applying Cochran’s formula through stratified random sampling technique. From the total informants, 74 (48 males and 26 females) were purposively selected for in-depth discussion. Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, guided field walks as well as market surveys were used for data collection. Standard ethnobotanical analytical tools comprising ranking and comparison were used for the analysis. Preference ranking, pair-wise comparison, informant consensus factor, direct matrix ranking, Cultural Significance Index (CSI) and Jaccard’s similarity coefficient (JCS) as well as Analysis of Variances (ANOVA), applying SPSS (version 20) were computed.ResultsA total of 145 species practical to cure about 72 ailments of livestock and humans were recorded. Families Fabaceae (with 22% of species), Asteraceae (11%), and Lamiaceae (9%) were discovered as the most dominant families in the area. Shrubs contributed the most (40%) to the growth forms followed by herbs (26.5%). Fresh leaves of the plants were parts that are used most frequently in the area. The highest ICF value (0.94) was recorded for reproductive problem categories. There was a relatively very high dependence of the community on plants and plant products together with a hoarded indigenous knowledge in the area that positively correlated with age (r = 0.82).ConclusionThe study's findings revealed that Buska Mountain range is a home for highly diverse and most dependable plant species and associated indigenous knowledge. However, because of the realized environmental threats in the area, the conservation efforts of the community should be invigorated and supported in order to sustain the biodiversity in general and the medicinal plant species in particular.

Analisis Keanekaragaman, Indeks Nilai Penting dan Index of Cultural Significance Tumbuhan Upacara Ngaben Berdasarkan Tri Mandala di Desa Penglipuran, Bali.

The aim of this research are to know 1)Diversty of Ceremonial Plant of Ngaben on Penglipuran Village, Bali based on Tri Mandala Area; 2) Domination Index of Ceremonial Plant of Ngaben on Penglipuran Village, Bali based on Tri Mandala Area; 3) Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) Ceremonial Plant of Ngaben on Penglipuran Village, Bali based on Tri Mandala Area. This research is conducted by collecting Ceremonial Plant of Ngaben exist on every quadrat level of the Mandala. The ploting method being used in this research is stratified random sampling with type of plot is single square plot. The data were analyzed using Shanon – Wienner Index, Simpson Index and ICS Turner Index. The result of the research are as follows: 1) Diversty of Ceremonial Plant of Ngaben on Penglipuran Village, Bali based on Tri Mandala Area considerably high with score of 2,5302; 2) Score of Domination Index of Ceremonial Plant of Ngaben on Penglipuran Village, Bali based on Tri Mandala Area is also high, which is 0,994214; 3) Higher score of ICS were granted by Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) with score 232; Cabai (Capsicum frustecens) with score of 80; Biu (Musa paradisiaca) with score of 70

Diversity, Abundance, and Traditional Uses of Asteraceae Species in Mount Bisma, Dieng Plateau, Kejajar, Wonosobo, Central Java

Asteraceae is the largest and most diverse family of flowering plants which contains more than 20,000 species distributed in nearly all types of habitats all over the world. In mountainous regions such as Mount Bisma, it is estimated to have plenty and diverse member of the Asteraceae family, and used in the local community for various uses. This research aimed to understand the diversity, abundance, and uses of Asteraceae members that are found wild in Mount Bisma. Taxonomy and ecological data were gathered using an exploration method and purposive sampling method, from the point, a plot measured 3x3 m2 was created to estimate the vegetation parameters in the mountain top and mountain valley area. Ethnobotanical data were gathered in Sikunang Village, a nearby village of Mount Bisma using a semi-structured interview and open-ended questions. Data were analysed descriptively and quantitatively using several indices such as Importance Value Index (IVI), Index of Cultural Significance (ICS), and index of Use Value (UV). The result showed that there were 18 species from two subfamilies that grew wild in both mountain top and valley of Mount Bisma. The highest importance value belonged to Ageratina riparia, which was scored in the mountain top and valley 71.00 and 91.53, respectively. Uses of Asteraceae in Sikunang were varies, ranging from being a side dish, medicine, firewood, souvenir, and other uses. Galinsoga parviflora and Galinsoga quadriradiata showed the highest ICS value of 41, whereas Austroeupatorium inulifolium scored the highest in UV of 1.8. The study presented high number of Asteraceae diversity and use. Thus, implies that Mount Bisma has vast unexplored biodiversity and locals around Mount Bisma have rich traditional knowledge.