Independent Predictors Of Satisfaction Research Articles

Factors influencing job satisfaction of female urologists-results of asurvey by the German Society of Urology (DGU)

Job satisfaction is avaluable good. However, literature on job satisfaction of female and male physicians, especially in the field of urology, is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate job satisfaction among female members of the German Society of Urology (DGU). An online questionnaire was sent to 1343female members of the DGU in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. The responses of 521female physicians were statistically analyzed regarding baseline characteristics and in relation to job satisfaction and satisfaction with the choice of specialty. The median age of the participants was37 (IQR 33; 45) years. While 91% of the respondents were rather or very satisfied with their choice of specialty-urology-only about 54% of the female urologists were satisfied with their job situation. Of the female urologists satisfied (vs. not satisfied) with their professional situation, 95% (vs. 87%) were also satisfied with their choice of urology as their specialty. Satisfaction with the working time model (odds ratio [OR] 9.61) and feeling unequal treatment (OR: 0.18) were independent predictors of satisfaction with the professional situation. Considering the increasing proportion of women in the health sector, it is important to identify factors influencing decisions on career and choice of specialty as well as career progression. Achieving career goals, increasing satisfaction with the working time model, and reducing unequal treatment or discrimination are central arguments for sustainably increasing the job satisfaction of female urologists.

Satisfaction with life and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: An Egyptian online cross-sectional study.

BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel sickness that emerged worldwide as an unprecedented crisis and led to major effects on the daily life of the general public as well as negative impacts on their mental well-being.AimThis study aimed to assess satisfaction with life and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt.SettingAn online study was conducted in Egypt.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was fulfilled by 1056 Egyptian adults from 06 to 13 June 2020. Psychological distress and satisfaction with life were measured by Arabic validated versions of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).ResultsAbout half of the surveyed respondents (51%) were satisfied with their life, whilst 57.4% experienced severe psychological distress. The independent predictors of satisfaction with life are being married, satisfactory income, low distress, moderate distress and high distress (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.2, 3.0, 2.5, 6.9, 5.2 and 2.1, respectively). Being a female, having secondary education, > secondary education, unsatisfactory income and presence of mental illness are the independent predictors of mental distress (AOR = 2.3, 3.9, 1.9, 1.9, 1.6 and 4.0, respectively).ConclusionThe study provides evidence about the high prevalence of psychological distress during the peak period of Egypt’s COVID-19 pandemic. The study results highlight the enhancement of development interventions to promote psychological well-being and feeling of satisfaction with life during the pandemic.

Predictors of two-year patient satisfaction following elective knee surgery

BackgroundPatient satisfaction metrics are increasingly being utilized as tools to evaluate the quality of healthcare and affect reimbursements. The objectives of this study were to (1) identify factors associated with two-year patient satisfaction after elective knee surgery, (2) compare the Surgical Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (SSQ-8) and a numeric satisfaction scale (NSS), and (3) determine if two-year patient satisfaction can be predicted based on preoperative factors. MethodsA total of 365 patients undergoing elective knee surgery at a single center were administered questionnaires to assess demographics, medical history, and various patient-reported outcomes preoperatively and at two years postoperatively. Patient satisfaction was measured at two years postoperatively with SSQ-8 and NSS. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to identify significant associations and independent predictors of satisfaction. ResultsSSQ-8 and NSS scores were significantly correlated (rs = 0.68, P < 0.0001). Lower SSQ-8 and NSS scores were associated with black race, higher BMI, more comorbidities, unemployment, smoking, higher ASA score, and greater Met Expectations (P < 0.05). Better scores on patient-based outcome measures and better improvement from baseline were significantly correlated with higher satisfaction on both SSQ-8 and NSS. Multivariable analysis identified greater Met Expectations and higher two-year Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference scores as independent predictors of greater SSQ-8 scores (adjusted r2 = .52). Greater Met Expectations and better two-year PROMIS Social Satisfaction scores were independent predictors of NSS score (adjusted r2 = .41). In contrast, when only preoperative variables were considered, the multivariable regression model accounted for only 14% of the variance in SSQ-8 and 6% of the variance in NSS. ConclusionWhile there are multiple preoperative factors that are associated with two-year patient satisfaction after knee surgery, those factors contribute relatively little to satisfaction. Meeting expectations and better patient-based outcomes at two years are more important.

Does Achieving Global Spinal Alignment Lead to Higher Patient Satisfaction and Lower Disability in Adult Spinal Deformity?

Multicenter retrospective review of prospective database. The aim of this study was to investigate potential associations between postoperative alignment and satisfaction. Achieving high satisfaction is the main goal of any treatment, including adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. Despite being one of the key elements, literature is sparse regarding postoperative factors influencing patient satisfaction. ASD patients with 2-year follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. Patients without revision after the index procedure were stratified according to deformity type: sagittal (T1 pelvic angle >22°), coronal (C7 plumb line [C7PL] >5 cm or MaxCobb >50°), or mixed. Bivariate correlation between satisfaction and postoperative data was conducted on the entire cohort as well as by type of preoperative deformity. Multivariate regression controlling for pre-op alignment and demographic information was used to identify independent predictors of 2Y satisfaction. A total of 509 patients were included in the analysis (58.7 ± 14.8, 80% females). The quality of life significantly improved between pre- and 2-year (ΔOswestry Disability Index [ODI]: 17.6, p < 0.001). At 2 years, SRS22 satisfaction was 4.27 ± 0.89 (median 4.5). Significant associations were found between satisfaction and disability (ODI, r = -0.50) and global coronal (C7PL r = -0.15) and sagittal (sagittal vertical axis [SVA], r = -0.10) alignment (all p < 0.01) but not with the coronal clavicle angle. Stratification by preoperative deformity revealed significant associations between satisfaction and SVA for sagittal deformity only, C7PL and MaxCobb for coronal only, and C7PL for combined deformity. In the multivariate analysis controlling for demographic and pre-op deformity, 2-year ODI and 2-year C7PL were independent predictors of satisfaction. Multilinear regression demonstrated 2-year SVA, pre-op ODI and patient's age were the independent predictors 2-year ODI. The ability to restore global alignment depends on the severity of the preoperative deformity as well as the correction of the main aspect of the deformity. Achieving global coronal and sagittal alignment is an independent predictor of both satisfaction and disability at 2 years post-op. Patients who continue to be disabled are also not satisfied.Level of Evidence: 3.

Satisfaction with antipsychotics as a medication: the role of therapeutic alliance and patient-perceived participation in decision making in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder

Objectives The aim of this study was to identify independent predictors of satisfaction with antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders treated in a mental health catchment area. Methods Observational analytical study of patients (n = 150) recruited through a convenience sampling method from five mental health units. Satisfaction with the antipsychotic as a medication was evaluated using the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM). Therapeutic alliance was assessed by the Working Alliance Inventory Short Form (WAI-S). Patient-perceived participation in decision-making was assessed using COMRADE (Combined Outcome Measure for Risk communication And treatment Decision making Effectiveness). A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify variables independently associated with the TSQM ‘Global Satisfaction’ total score. Results Two variables – age and higher level of self-perceived participation in treatment decision-making – were directly, significantly, and independently associated (β coefficient values: 0.209 and 0.432, respectively) with a higher TSQM Global satisfaction score. In addition, the severity of psychotic symptoms was inversely associated with satisfaction (β coefficient value: −0.205) (R 2 = 0.355; R 2 adj. = 0.291; F(13) = 5.554; p < 0.01). Conclusions These findings suggest that involving the patient in treatment decision-making and optimising the treatment to reduce symptoms, especially in younger patients, could increase satisfaction with antipsychotic treatment. Key Points Patient involvement in shared decision-making is relevant for treatment satisfaction. Current evidence suggests that improving the doctor–patient relationship optimises antipsychotics outcomes. Self-perceived participation in decision-making predicts satisfaction with antipsychotic medication. Types of antipsychotics do not determine consistent differences in satisfaction.

Correlation between waiting time and satisfaction among those attending outpatient departments of a tertiary care social security hospital, Faridabad, Haryana

Background: Patient satisfaction has been an area of interest among hospital administrators. One of the reasons of this perception quoted in the literature is waiting time and time spent with the service provider. Objective: The objective of this study is to calculate the self-reported waiting time and time spent for consultation and diagnostic procedure among those attending the outpatient departments (OPDs) at Employees State Insurance Corporation, Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, and second whether this waiting time is a predictor of patient satisfaction. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary level health center which caters to the insured population under the Employees State Insurance Scheme from June 2018 to August 2018. This study was conducted on 265 patients and attendants (age ≥18 years) attending the OPD from 10 a.m. to 01 p.m. The study population was stratified from three points (OPD, laboratory, and pharmacy). Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model was run to identify whether waiting time was an independent predictor of satisfaction after accounting for confounders. Results: Median time taken by the study population from registration till visiting doctor was 50 min (interquartile range [IQR]: 60). The median time spent with doctor was 5 min (IQR: 5) at laboratory and pharmacy was 10 and 3 min, respectively. The total score for satisfaction ranged from 38 to 79 with a mean score of 61.256 (±2 standard deviation; 8.293). The MLR analysis revealed that the time taken from the laboratory or OPD to pharmacy for taking drugs and time spent in the laboratory had impact on satisfaction. (s = 0.273, P = 0.03 and s = 0.247, P = 0.03, respectively). Higher level of education was associated with lower satisfaction level in the current study. Conclusion: It is needed to focus upon the time spent with the patients by the doctors and the number of staff posted at a point of care who are actually working.

Determinants of client satisfaction to skilled antenatal care services at Southwest of Ethiopia: a cross-sectional facility based survey

BackgroundPatient satisfaction to Antenatal care services has traditionally been linked to the quality of services given and the extent to which specific needs are met. Even though data in this area was limited in Ethiopia, improving quality of care was one of the strategies in health sector development program IV. This study, therefore, attempted to assess client satisfaction to skilled antenatal care services in the study area.Methods and materialsA cross-sectional facility based survey was conducted among women who were attending antenatal care clinic, using quantitative method triangulated with qualitative data collection. Participants were selected using systematic sampling method according to the flow pregnant women to the antenatal care clinics. The study was carried out in all functional public health centers in the district. During the survey, 405 women were interviewed. A logistic regression model was applied to control for confounders.ResultsOut of the total respondents, overall satisfied to skilled antenatal care services were about 277(68%). The most common specific component of antenatal care that had good-satisfaction by the respondents was “Privacy” at examination (81.7%). Most satisfied health education session was “Diet and nutrition” session (82.2%). Absence of sonar test, no doctor and long waiting time were commonest causes of dissatisfaction. Respondents who have > 2 previous antenatal care visit were 3 times more likely (AOR = 2.93; 95% CI, 1.21, 7.12) to have satisfaction to antenatal care services as compared to those with < 1 visit. Women whose current visit fourth were 9 times more likely (AOR = 9.02, 95% CI; 1.76, 46.1) to be satisfied for antenatal services than those who were in the first visit. Women with family monthly income of $US 25–100 per month were 60% (AOR = 0.4, 95% CI; 0.2, 0.8) less likely to have satisfaction by skilled antenatal care services than those who had monthly household income below $US 25.Conclusion and recommendationWomen who reported good-satisfaction to overall skilled antenatal care services were highest as compared to previous Ethiopian study findings. Demographic, economic, obstetric and distance factors were independent predictors of satisfaction to skilled antenatal care services. Non natives must be encouraged to seek satisfying services.

Shared decision-making in ovarian cancer.

5549 Background: The value of shared decision-making in ovarian cancer is relatively unexplored. The goal of this study was to test a new decision aid, Patient Centered Outcome Aid (PCOA), that facilitates shared decision-making and helps ovarian cancer patients assimilate information and identify quality of life (QOL), toxicity and survival trade-offs between IP/IV therapy and IV therapy alone, based on their preferences and personal clinical characteristics. Methods: Participants were randomized to either PCOA (N=64) or usual care (N=59). Patient characteristics, QOL and shared decision-making data were collected at baseline and treatment initiation. Primary outcomes included satisfaction with treatment decision and decisional regret. Comparisons were made using t-tests and multivariate methods, adjusting for patient covariates. Multivariate linear models were used to investigate predictors of the primary outcomes. Results: Although satisfaction and decisional regret did not differ significantly by arm at any time point, the majority of PCOA patients indicated that the aid helped them understand treatment options and side effects. Notably, low shared decision-making and low QOL, were significant predictors of low satisfaction at treatment initiation (multiple r=0.76), six months (multiple r=0.48) and nine months (r=0.58). They were also significant predictors of decisional regret (multiple r=0.48 and 0.36 at 6 and 9 months). Patient covariates including age, stage, treatment and neoadjuvant status were not associated with differences in satisfaction or decisional regret. Conclusions: There were no clinically meaningful differences in satisfaction with the treatment decision, or decisional regret between the study arms. The absence of a difference may reflect the high degree of shared decision-making in both arms and greater disease severity in PCOA patients, who were more likely to report low baseline QOL and declining QOL over time. Both shared decision-making and quality of life were robust, independent predictors of satisfaction with the treatment decision over time. This implies that women who perceive themselves as less engaged in the decision process, and report poor QOL may benefit from a decision aid, in addition to physician counseling. Clinical trial information: NCT02259699.

Community satisfaction with the urban health extension service in South Ethiopia and associated factors.

BackgroundThe urban health extension program (UHEP) is an innovative government plan to ensure health equity by creating demand for essential health services through the provision of appropriate health information at a household level. It aims to improve the overall health of a community through active participation and utilization of services, which depends on satisfaction and acceptance of the program. However, there is no study on community satisfaction with the services provided by the UHEP in Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess the level of community satisfaction with the UHEP in Hadiya Zone, South Ethiopia, and the associated factors with it.MethodsA community based cross-sectional study, using quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection, was employed. Quantitative data were collected from 407 respondents using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multiple regression analyses were performed. P-value less than 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals were used to determine an association between independent and dependent variables. Qualitative data were collected through focus group discussions with village health committee members and model families in Hadiya Zone.ResultsThe majority (67.4%) of respondents were satisfied with the services provided by the UHEP. The communities’ perceptions of technical competency (ß = 0.425; 95% CIs 0.084, 0.34), interpersonal relationships (ß = 0.506; 95% CIs 0.216, 0.797), and perceived accessibility of services (ß = 0.752; 95% CIs 0.064, 0.86) were independent predictors of satisfaction (P < 0.05). In addition, the marital status, knowledge, and attitudes of the respondents were associated with community satisfaction.ConclusionA community’s satisfaction with UHEP has supposed to have a significant influence on the community’s utilization of the services and implementation of the program. The present study have clearly shown that majority of the respondents were satisfied with the services provided by urban health extension program.

Socio -demographic predictors of patients′ satisfaction

Background: Health care market is widely becoming competive as a result of various alternative orthodox therapies in circulation. Therefore, to ensure continuous patronage of orthodox medical care market, there is need to improve patient,s satisfaction with orthodox medical services. Objective: To find out the relationship between patients' socio -demographic characteristics and satisfaction with the hope that this knowledge may facilitate better understanding of patient's expectation. Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross -sectional survey using a random sampling technique (wherein all eligible and consenting participants were enrolled), a self -administered questionnaire was used to obtain information from the eligible and consented respondents on their self -rated level of satisfaction with the hospital personnel, the quality of care received, the comfort at the facility, and the prescribed medications in a subsidized eye clinic wherein patients pay half of the regular fees. Results: The study population consisted of 320 participants (178 males and 142 females) with a mean age ± SD of 53 ± 14.9 years. There was a significant association between the overall satisfaction and all the variables except marital status and monthly income. Age and place of domicile were found to be independent predictors of satisfaction. Respondents living outside Ibadan were 2.5 times more likely to be satisfied with care than those living in Ibadan while patients who were younger than 40 years of age were 16 times less likely to be satisfied with care compared to patients aged 70 years and above. Conclusion: Health care practitioner should be aware that socio -demographic characters may significantly influence how patients rate their health care experiences and as such should put these into consideration when attending to their patients.

Independent predictors of satisfaction in impacted third molar surgery patients

Patient satisfaction and dissatisfaction are critical dimensions leading to favorable or unfavorable treatment outcomes. Although impacted third molar (ITM) surgery is one of the most common dental surgical procedures, it is a challenging operation because of numerous potential complications and patients generally suffer from severe psychosomatic symptoms as a result of severe perioperative anxiety. We hypothesize that multiple independent factors, including perioperative anxiety and various postoperative complications, affect satisfaction of the ITM surgery patients. Survey data from 219 participants encompassed basic patient demographic traits, difficulty of surgery, perioperative anxiety, pain sensation and common postoperative complications. The t-test and one-way anova with Duncan's multiple-range tests were applied to detect differences in mean values of perioperative anxiety, perioperative pain sensation and satisfaction based on basic demographic characteristics and postoperative complications. The significance of postoperative complications according to demographic data and difficulty of extraction was also analyzed. A paired t-test was applied to detect the significance of anxiety level and pain sensation changes over time. Lastly, univariate and multiple stepwise regression analyses were used to analyze the relationships among perioperative anxiety, pain sensation and satisfaction to determine the predictive factor of patient satisfaction. Basic demographic traits proved not to have a direct significant effect on satisfaction in ITM surgery patients, but some demographic factors and difficulty of surgery showed significant relationships with postoperative complications. Univariate analysis revealed that perioperative anxiety, pain sensation, postoperative infection, numbness/paresthesia and ecchymoses have a significant influence on patient satisfaction. In particular, preoperative anxiety level and numbness/paresthesia were independent predictive factors of patient satisfaction upon multivariate analysis. This study demonstrates that the patients who undergo ITM surgery often have severe anxiety that seriously impacts patient satisfaction and resultant treatment outcomes. In addition, patient satisfaction directly depends on the occurrence of some postoperative complications. Appreciation of these predictive factors and increasing patient satisfaction may help clinicians to provide optimal care for ITM surgery patients.

Satisfaction and Regret after Open Retropubic or Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy

BackgroundTo counsel patients adequately, it is important to understand the variables influencing satisfaction and regret following prostatectomy. ObjectiveTo identify independent predictors for satisfaction and regret after radical prostatectomy. Design, setting, and participantsPatients who had undergone retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) or robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) between 2000 and 2007 were mailed cross-sectional surveys composed of sociodemographic information, the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC), and questions regarding satisfaction and regret. MeasurementsSociodemographic variables, perioperative complications, type of procedure, length of follow-up, and EPIC scores were evaluated as independent predictors of satisfaction and regret in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results and limitationsA total of 400 patients responded (response rate 61%) of whom 84% were satisfied and 19% regretted their treatment choice. In multivariate analysis, lower income (odds ratio [OR], 0.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03–0.23), shorter follow-up (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.41–0.98), having undergone RRP versus RALP (OR, 4.45; 95% CI, 1.90–10.4)], urinary domain scores (OR, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.60–4.54), and hormonal domain scores (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.30–3.12) were independently associated with satisfaction (p≤0.039). In terms of regret, RALP versus RRP (OR, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.50–6.07), lower urinary domain scores (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.37–0.91) and hormonal domain scores (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45–0.98), and years since surgery (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.13–2.36) were again predictive (p≤0.041). African American race (OR, 3.58; 95% CI, 1.52–8.43) and lower bowel domain scores (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55–0.97) were also independently associated with regret (p≤0.028). ConclusionsSociodemographic variables and quality of life were important variables associated with satisfaction and regret. Patients who underwent RALP were more likely to be regretful and dissatisfied, possibly because of higher expectation of an “innovative” procedure. We suggest that urologists carefully portray the risks and benefits of new technologies during preoperative counseling to minimize regret and maximize satisfaction.

Satisfaction with Democracy: The Impact of Winning and Losing in Westminster Systems

Stable democracies must engender support for the political system among citizens. Satisfaction with democracy, as probed in election surveys, is often seen as the key measure of support. Seen as a measure of support for electoral outcomes, previous research (Anderson & LoTempio 2002, Banducci & Karp 2003) argues that electoral losers have lower levels of satisfaction than those who backed electoral winners. This paper explores satisfaction with democracy in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom, three Westminster systems where winning or losing in local constituency contests might provide an independent impact on satisfaction. Using the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems dataset it demonstrates that while winning at the local level is not an independent predictor of satisfaction, ideological distance from the national winner can negatively affect satisfaction. The paper also contributes to debates about the type of support tapped by the satisfaction question. It demonstrates that the measure taps both diffuse and electoral support, but that the predictors of satisfaction point to the mediating role of the rewards doled out by political institutions on citizens’ evaluations of their performance.

Intrinsic Motivation and Subjective Well-Being: The Unique Contribution of Intrinsic Religious Motivation

The purpose of this study was to determine if the frequently reported positive association between Intrinsic Religious Motivation (IRM) and Subjective Well-being (SWB) is explicable in terms of a more general intrinsic orientation to life that involves secular as well as religious domains. Measures of 3 distinct domains of intrinsic orientation (work, leisure, and religion) were administered to 161 college students along with 4 measures of SWB: satisfaction with life, purpose in life, self-efficacy, and negative affect. Four multiple regressions were performed, 1 to predict each measure of SWB, with the 3 intrinsic orientation scales, gender, and social desirability as the predictors in each regression. Intrinsic religiousness emerged as an independent predictor of satisfaction with life, purpose in life, and self-efficacy. Intrinsic religiousness appears to make a unique contribution to the prediction of SWB.

Determinants of Satisfaction With Community Reintegration in Older Adults With Chronic Stroke: Role of Balance Self-Efficacy

Many people with stroke have a low level of satisfaction with community reintegration. Although previous studies focused on the effect of physical factors on community reintegration, the effect of psychological factors, such as balance self-efficacy, has been ignored. The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of balance self-efficacy to satisfaction with community reintegration in older adults with chronic stroke. A sample of 63 community-dwelling older adults (50 years of age or older) with chronic stroke (onset of 1 year or more) participated in this study. This study involved a secondary analysis of data collected from a stroke exercise clinical trial. Satisfaction with community reintegration was measured with the Reintegration to Normal Living (RNL) Index, and balance self-efficacy was measured with the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale. Bivariate correlation analyses showed that the RNL Index scores were moderately correlated with the ABC Scale scores. In a multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for age, sex, depression, and other impairments after stroke, balance self-efficacy remained independently associated with the RNL Index scores, accounting for 6.5% of the variance in the RNL Index scores. Balance self-efficacy is an independent predictor of satisfaction with community reintegration in older adults with chronic stroke. Improving balance self-efficacy may be instrumental in enhancing community reintegration in this population.

Social support and personality among male police officers in Singapore

This study examines the relationship between perceived social support and personality among police officers from Singapore's three main ethnic groups, Chinese, Indians, and Malays. Perceived social support was measured by the short version of the Social Support Questionnaire [SSQ: Sarason, Sarason, Shearin, & Pierce (1987) and personality was assessed by the NEO PI-R. Of the three ethnic groups Chinese participants reported the largest number of social supports but the lowest satisfaction with that support. Regression analyses revealed that none of the NEO PI-R domains stood out as independent predictors of Satisfaction with Social Support (SSS) whereas Agreeableness, Extraversion, and Openness contributed independently to Number of Social Supports (SSN). In addition, SSN was divided into two components: Number of Social Supports from Family (SSN-fm) and Number of Social Supports from Others (SSN-o). Regression analyses showed Agreeableness and Conscientiousness to be independent predictors of SSN-fm and Conscientiousness, Extraversion, and Openness to be independent predictors of SSN-o. In addition, the relationships were found to be equally descriptive of the three ethnic groups. These results are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications.

Patients’ outlook, experience, and satisfaction with hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, and subsequent continuation of hormone replacement therapy

Objective: Our purposes were to investigate patients’ opinions of hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, and hormone replacement therapy and to evaluate whether their outlook and experience influenced the overall satisfaction and continuation of hormone replacement therapy. Study Design: We conducted a questionnaire survey of 200 patients before and 2 years after hysterectomy with or without bilateral oophorectomy. Postoperatively all patients received long-term estradiol and testosterone replacement. The inquiries of patients’ views included (1) preoperative awareness of indication and outlook, (2) postoperative recovery, symptom relief, and experiences with hormone replacement therapy, (3) perceived benefits and problems, (4) changes in physical well-being, psychologic state, and sexual activity, (5) continuation of hormone replacement therapy, and (6) overall satisfaction. Results: The outlook toward hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, and hormone replacement therapy was positive in 77.4%, 87.1%, and 76.3%, respectively. The experience was positive in the majority, with a satisfactory postoperative recovery (70.6%), complete symptom relief (77.9%), and minimal side effects with hormone replacement therapy (5.2%). The benefits included improved physical well-being (79.9%), lower depressive symptoms (32.0%), and better sexuality (31.4%). The continuation rate of hormone replacement therapy was 97.4%, and overall satisfaction was positive in 88.7% of patients. The independent predictors of satisfaction were outlook toward hysterectomy and incomplete symptom relief. Conclusion: The outcome of hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, and hormone replacement therapy was satisfactory to most patients. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;183:1427-33.)