Increased Corn Production Research Articles

Kajian Pelaksanaan Gerakan Tanam Jagung Panen Sapi (TJPS) Dalam Meningkatkan Nilai Tukar Petani (NTP) Di Desa Manusak, Kabupaten Kupang, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

Corn and cattle are the main commodities in dry land farming in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), with corn as a food source and cattle as a source of income. This province has vast dry land potential, namely 1,734,488 H, but its utilization is still less than optimal. The Cattle Harvest Corn Planting Program (TJPS) was launched to increase corn production, cattle population and farmer welfare.This research analyzes the Farmer Exchange Rate (NTP) in Manusak Village, Kupang Regency, and the factors that influence it, as well as examining government policies in supporting the efficiency of the corn-cattle farming system. Qualitative methods through interviews, observations and text analysis are used to understand farmers' experiences in farming.The results show that the NTP in the Gacinda and Leselik farmer groups is different: Gacinda has a higher NTP than Leselik, which is caused by differences in corn production costs and yields. In conclusion, corn productivity and costs incurred affect farmer welfare, with high expenditures potentially reducing NTP.

Selection of Local Maize Resistance to Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. SMITH)

Abstract One of the obstacles in increasing corn production is the attack of Spodoptera frugiperda. The resistance of each maize variety to this pest attack varies greatly. This research aims to obtain local types of maize that are resistant to attacks by corn armyworms. The research was conducted in Kediri, East Java. The research used a Complete Randomized Block Design with treatment of various maize varieties local and with rivers. The varieties tried consisted of Kebo Bima, Lameran-Latim, Madura Kuning, Madura Putih, Manik Liu, Seraye-Bali and Sumbawa. The results showed that there was no difference in plant height between all the local corn varieties tested, while the highest number of leaves was produced in the Madura-kuning and Madura-putih varieties. The Manik-Liu variety produces the smallest leaf length and leaf angle compared to other varieties, while the widest leaves are produced by the Sumbawa variety. The flowering period and harvest time were the longest for the Manik-Liu variety, while the fastest for the Kebo Bima variety. The highest shoot root ratio was produced in the Seraye-Bali variety. Based on the maize of grains yield per hectare obtained, the Sumbawa and Seraye-Bali varieties are the most resistant varieties compared to the others and able to provide the highest maize seed yield per hectare.

AMELIORATION DE LA PRODUCTION DU MAIS (ZEA MAYS L.) EN COTE DIVOIRE PAR LUTILISATION DEXTRAITS DE PLANTES CONTRE LES CHAMPIGNONS PATHOGENES EN MILIEU NATUREL

Corn is the second largest food crop in Cote dIvoire by tonnage after rice with an annual production of around 600,000 tonnes (FAO, 2014). This commodity is widely cultivated for its starchy grains. It is also used as a fodder plant in certain localities. However, its cultivated plant is faced with the problem of fungal diseases observed in recent years in the large growing areas of the country. This study was carried out to identify pathogenic fungal genera of corn leaves and control these fungi with aqueous extracts of plant leaves. Thus, corn leaves in culture were inoculated with sporal concentrations of Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., and Helmintosporium sp. The pathogenicity test showed that the fungus Helmintosporium sp was the most pathogenic followed by the genus Curvularium. This study also showed that plant extracts inhibit the development of the three fungal genera studied and improve plant growth and corn production in the field. Azadirachta indica and Ricinus communis extracts significantly reduced foliar symptoms and increased corn production. As for the Nicotiana Tabacum reduced the symptoms but did not promote a significant increase in corn production.

The selection index of S3 corn convergent breeding population based on multivariate analysis

Abstract. Makmur, Farid M, Ala A, Mandja K, Anshori MF, Fadhilah AN. 2024. The selection index of S3 corn convergent breeding population based on multivariate analysis. Biodiversitas 25: 1097-1103. Corn is one of the most important and strategic food crops in the world, including Indonesia. Increasing corn production through a plant breeding program by assembling hybrid varieties begins with developing a convergent breeding population and index selection. The research aims to identify genetic variance and the effectiveness of selection indices in selecting high-yield S3 cross populations. The research was carried out in Rea Village, Binuang Sub-District, Polewali Mandar District, West Sulawesi from July to November 2022. The research used an augmented design with four blocks. Sixty-six lines were derived from 4 double cross populations and 8 populations of the S3 generation multiple-cross population, as well as 9 check varieties (NK7328, Pioneer 36, Bisi 18, Bisi 2, NK99, Nasa 29, JH45, Bisi 9, and NK212) were used in this study. The results indicate that the length of cobs (5.98;73.59%), length of seed cobs (7.06; 79.46%), weight of 100 seeds (7.75; 89.30%), and weight of seeds per cob (7.84; 65.59%) have moderate genetic variance and high heritability. The characteristics of stem diameter, yield percentage, and weight of seed per cob were effectively used in the selection index formulation. Based on the index selection, there were 14 potential corn lines with a good performance, recommended for the next hybridization stage.

AB mix-NPK fertilizer combination effect on corn plants growth using Nutrient Film Technique

Corn (Zea mays) is one of the important food crops in Indonesia. Efforts to increase corn production continue to be made, one of which is by using appropriate fertilizer. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the combination of AB Mix and NPK fertilizers on the growth of corn (Zea mays) plants using the NFT hydroponic system. This study used qualitative research methods. The data collection technique in this research is literature study, while data analysis is carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The findings from the research show that the use of a combination of AB mix and NPK fertilizers in the growth of corn (Zea mays) using the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) technique has a significant impact. Using these two types of fertilizer together increases the growth of corn plants by increasing plant height, number of leaves, and development of the root system. In addition, with optimal nutrient availability from the fertilizer combination through the NFT technique, corn production is increased efficiently. The findings show the potential for using a combination of AB mix and NPK fertilizers in increasing agricultural yields.

Global market trends of grain and industrial crops

Analysing the dynamics of cultivation and consumption of major agricultural crops worldwide is crucial for understanding trends and planning for sustainable food production. It is important to have an integrated approach that involves collaboration between scientists, and farmers to implement sustainable practices. The analysis of global market trends of grain and industrial crops is the goal of paper. Methods of analysis, synthesis, generalisation, forecasting and databases of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations were used in the process of work. Such crops as wheat, corn, sunflower and flax were chosen for the study, because they are the major food needs of the world population. They are grown for grain (seeds), and flax is a plant of complex use, in which both the stem and the grain are important. They provide essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals that are crucial for human health. Cultivating these crops has been integral to the food security and economic stability of many countries, supporting large populations. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that India, China, the USA and Canada remain the largest producers of wheat in the world, but only India increases the cultivated area. A global trend to increase corn production has been identified. It was established that Ukraine remains an important producer of sunflower seeds. In addition, a gradual increase in interest in flax was noted. Although the increase in cultivated area can help to meet the growing demand for food products, the problem of using the agricultural plant residues also increases proportionally. This is an international problem, so its solution is of global importance. It has been founded that current research is focused on improving agricultural plant residues processing to obtain goods of various applications. The new knowledge received in the paper will allow working on the improvement of processing wheat, corn, sunflower and flax, which will be able to adequately meet the food needs of the growing world population without harming the environment

Model-based Decision Support System Using a System Dynamics Approach to Increase Corn Productivity

Background: As the population increases, the need for corn products also increases. Corn is needed for various purposes, such as food consumption, industry, and animal feed. Therefore, increasing corn production is crucial to support food availability and the food industry. Objective: The objective of this project is to create a model to increase corn farming productivity using scenarios from drip irrigation systems and farmer field school programs. Methods: A system dynamics approach is utilized to model the complexity and nonlinear behaviour of the corn farming system. In addition, several scenarios are formulated to achieve the objective of increasing corn productivity. Results: Simulation results showed that adopting a drip irrigation system and operating a farmer field school program would increase corn productivity. Conclusion: The corn farming system model was successfully developed in this research. The scenario of implementing a drip irrigation system and the farmer field school program allowed farmers to increase corn productivity. Through the scenario of implementing a drip irrigation system, farmers can save water use, thereby reducing the impact of drought. Meanwhile, the scenario of the farmer field school program enables farmers to manage agriculture effectively. This study suggests that further research could consider the byproducts of corn production to increase the profits of corn farmers. Keywords: Corn Farming, Decision Support System, Modeling, Simulation, System Dynamics

Dynamic urban land extensification is projected to lead to imbalances in the global land-carbon equilibrium

Human-Earth System Models and Integrated Assessment Models used to explore the land-atmosphere implications of future land-use transitions generally lack dynamic representation of urban lands. Here, we conduct an experiment incorporating dynamic urbanization in a multisector model framework. We integrate projected dynamic non-urban lands from a multisector model with projected dynamic urban lands from 2015 to 2100 at 1-km resolution to examine 1st-order implications to the land system, crop production, and net primary production that can arise from the competition over land resources. By 2100, future urban extensification could displace 0.1 to 1.4 million km2 of agriculture lands, leading to 22 to 310 Mt of compromised corn, rice, soybean, and wheat production. When considering increased corn production required to meet demands by 2100, urban extensification could cut increases in yields by half. Losses in net primary production from displaced forest, grassland, and croplands ranged from 0.24 to 2.24 Gt C yr−1, potentially increasing land emissions by 1.19 to 6.59 Gt CO2 yr−1. Although these estimates do not consider adaptive responses, 1st-order experiments can elucidate the individual role of sub-sectors that would otherwise be masked by model complexity.

Growth and Production of Several Corn Varieties at Various NPK Fertilizer Dosages

Increasing corn production in Indonesia is one of the government's concerns to ensure the strengthening of food towards self-sufficiency. Improvement of fertilization methods and the use of superior varieties are parts of the intensifications to increase crop productivity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of NPK fertilizer doses, types of varieties, and their interactions on the growth and production of corn. This study was conducted from July to October 2022 at Bajeng Cereal Research Center (KP) Experimental Garden, Bajeng Sub-district, Gowa District, South Sulawesi at 27.2 m asl, specifically 5 o 18'21.5” S, 119 o 28' 38.6” E. The study used a split-plot design with fertilizer doses N:P: K as the main plot (P), namely N:P: K 60% = 120:90:60, N:P: K 80% = 160:120:80, N:P: K 100% = 200:150:100, N:P: K 120% = 240:180:120, and N:P: K 140% = ‎‎280:210:140. The varieties were used as subplots (V), namely Sinhas 1 (V1), Jakarin 1 (V2), Nasa 29 (V3), JH 36 (V4), ‎ Bisi 18 (V5), ADV (V6), and Pioner ( V7). The results of the study showed that the combination of the fertilizer doses of N:P:K 100% = ‎‎200:150:100 with Pioner variety (P3V7) obtained the highest average yield of ‎11.81 t. ha -1 among other combinations of N:P: K fertilizer doses with varieties

PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM TANAM JAGUNG PANEN SAPI (TJPS) YANG BERKELANJUTAN DI DESA MANUSAK KECAMATAN KUPANG TIMUR KABUPATEN KUPANG

Corn development is part of the flagship program of the NTT provincial government known as the Cattle Harvest Corn Planting Program (TJPS) to increase corn production, cattle population, cattle population, welfare of farming families and breeders. This study aims to: 1) determine corn cropping program for cattle (TJPS) in Manusak Village, Eats Kupang District, 2) determine the sustainability of the corn cropping program for cattle (TJPS) in Manusak Village, East Kupang District form the economic, socio – cultural, technological, resource dimensions natural resource and institutional dimensions, 3) formulate the direction of development of the cow harvest corn panting program (TJPS) in Manusak Village, East Kupang District. Location determination is done deliberately. The population in this study were 40 members of the Farmer’s Group who participated in the TJPS program. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. The analytical method uses descriptive quantitative analysis and RAPTJPS-multidimensional scaling (MDS). The resulst of the study show that: 1) the cow harvest corn planting program (TJPS) is one of the programs run by the NTT provincial government that has been implemented and has helped the farmers’ economy. 2) the sustainability of the TJPS program produces a sustainability index of 55% wich is included in the fairly sustainable category. 3) Leverage/sensitive factors that are a priority to pay attention to regarding the direction of the TJPS program development in Manusak Village are increasing the provision of water for irrigating corn and the need to increase the utilization of cow dung into organic fertilizer.

Response of Growth and Yield of Sweet Corn Plants in Rainfed Land to Providing Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Bamboo Roots

Sweet Corn is an important food crop that functions as a source of food, feed, and industrial raw materials. Efforts to increase corn production require technological input to increase yields and be environmentally friendly. One way is by using Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). This research aims to determine the response of growth and yield of sweet corn plants on rainfed land to the application of PGPR bamboo root plants and to determine the appropriate PGPR concentration for the growth and yield of sweet corn plants. This research was carried out from February to June 2020 in Rantau Panjang, Sambaliung District, Berau Regency. East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The research used a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) consisting of 6 treatments of bamboo root PGPR concentration, namely treatment: p0 = control; p1 = 5.0 ml l-1 water; p2 = 7.5 ml l-1 water; p3 = 10.0 ml l-1 water; p4 = 12.5 ml l-1 water; and p5 = 15.0 ml l-1 water. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. The results of the research showed that: (1) The responses of cob diameter and cob production were significantly different, while the responses of plant height, number of leaves, age at flowering, cob length, and number of rows of seeds per cob were not significantly different to PGPR treatments; and (2) Giving PGPR with a concentration of 10 ml l-1 water (p3) resulted in high cob production, namely 12.80 Mg ha-1.

Kinerja Kelompok Tani dalam Peningkatan Produksi Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Lahan Kering, Desa Labuhan Sangoro Kecamatan Maronge Kabupaten Sumbawa

This research aims to analyze the performance of farmer groups in increasing corn production in dry land, Labuhan Sangoro Village, Maronge District, Sumbawa Regency. The farmer groups sampled were 6 farmer groups from corn farmer groups in dry land which were determined using purposive sampling, data analysis techniques using a Likert scale with five indicators. The research results show that as many as 3 indicators perform well, namely indicators (1) planning activities, (2) carrying out activities and complying with agreements with other parties, and (3) application of technology and use of information; Meanwhile, 2 indicators performed quite well, namely indicators: (1) capital fertilization and (2) institutional relations between farmer groups and gapoktan. Overall, the performance of farmer groups in Sangoro Village, Maronge District, performed well with an average score of 2.88.

PERANAN KELOMPOK TANI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG ( Zea Mays) DI DESA MARIO, BONE

One of the commodities that plays a role in the development of the agricultural sector is corn (Zea Mays). The second most important source of carbohydrates after rice, most of these crops are used for food and animal feed. This study aims to determine the role of farmer groups in increasing corn production (Zea mays). This research was conducted in April - June 2023, in Mario Village, Dua Boccoe District, Bone Regency. Data collection techniques through observation, questionnaires and documentation. The type of data used in this research is descriptive analysis using a scoring system, namely giving a score to each statement item used to see the role of farmer groups. The results showed that farmer groups in Mario Village played a role in increasing corn production. This is shown in the role of farmer groups in providing agricultural facilities and equipment at 80.6%, group activity planning at 50%, information dissemination at 63.9%, cooperation with financial institutions 52.8% and complying with agreements 91, 7%.

Corn (Zea mays L.) productivity in acid dry land used zigzag planting method

Zigzag planting method technology was an alternative technology to increase plant population without affecting plant growth and development. The purpose of this study was to determine the productivity of corn with different planting methods, such as the zigzag and the linear planting method applied by farmers on acid dry land in the Lampung area. The research was conducted at the Natar Experimental Station in Negara Ratu Village, Natar District, South Lampung Regency, Indonesia from March to June 2020. The study used a two-factor randomized block design, namely the hybrid corn varieties (NK Sumo, NK 22 Jumbo, and NK Super) and the planting methods (zigzag and linear planting methods). Observations were made on ten plants per sampling plot, which were determined randomly. The results showed that the zigzag planting method produces a higher yield (8.16 tons/ha) compared to the linear planting method (4-5 tons/ha grain yield). Moreover, the zigzag planting method increased the plant population by 80% without disturbing plant growth and development. The zigzag planting method was able to increase corn production by 30-40%.

Implementasi Pupuk Cair Organik Masaro Terhadap Produktivitas Jagung Manis di Sabah Balau

This community service activity aims to increase corn production in Sabah Balau using POCI (Special Liquid Organic Fertilizer) products from Masaro. POCI is used as an organic fertilizer and its farming produces a higher production number, higher quality product, faster production rate while its production cost is lower. On the other hand, the problem of Indonesia is that national agriculture is stuck in inorganic chemical fertilization that has an impact on accelerating the degradation of agricultural land fertility. This matter can occur due to various problems, especially the culture of using chemical fertilizers that have been going on for too long. The activities carried out include socializing about recycling organic waste with POCI Masaro, conducting outreach activities about the benefits of POCI Masaro and practicing composting for corns. The results showed the enthusiasm of the community in participating to make POCI Masaro and demonstration plots. The output of this activity: Increased corn production, increased of knowledge and skills of community in making and applying POCI Masaro on plant and motivation of farmers to independently develop alternative organic fertilizers that are in accordance with farmers' needs.

METODE APLIKASI BORON UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) HIBRIDA

Boron (B) is a micronutrient that has an important role in increasing corn production. Application method B can have different effects on B uptake and crop yield. This study aims to analyze application method B which is more effective in increasing the growth and production of maize plants and to analyze the response of growth and production of Nasa-29, Bisi-2, and Bima-19 URI hybrid maize to application method B. The research was carried out in the experimental garden of Balitserial Bajeng. Gowa Regency. The study was designed using a split-plot design (RPT) with three replications. The main plots were varieties, namely Nasa-29, Bisi-2, and Bima-19 URI, while the subplots were application B through the soil and spraying through leaves. The results showed that the application of B through the soil and the leaves did not show a significant difference in all observed parameters, but the application of B through the soil showed better results. The Nasa-29 variety produced significantly better cob length and cob diameter when given B through the soil, while the Bisi-2 and Bima-19 URI varieties gave no different responses to the B application method for all parameters observed. The application method of B through the soil or the leaves on the three varieties tested did not show a significant difference in yield so the two methods could be an alternative for maize with similar soil conditions in Bajeng, Gowa Regency, and application during the dry season

Corn Supply Chain in Central Java Province: Marketing Channel Efficiency and Chain Institutional Performance Approach

Increasing corn production requires a supply chain to channel production from farmers to consumers. The supply chain of corn as a raw material for animal feed in Central Java Province is not yet well managed, because each farmer or business is still carried out individually. The aim of the study was to analyze the supply chain picture based on the Food Supply Chain Network and the efficiency of the corn agribusiness supply chain in Central Java. Sampling techniques from farmers using proportional random sampling and snowball sampling methods will lead researchers to the next informant or to related institutions to the final consumer. Data analysis uses the FSCN, Marketing Margin, Farmer's Share and DEA methods. There are 5 corn agribusiness marketing channels in Central Java Province. Marketing margin and farmer's share with Farmer-Cooperative-Consumer chain being the most efficient. Farmer-Village Trader-SubDistrict Trader-District Trader-Consumer marketing channel being the least efficient. Technical efficiency at the farmer level was 2%, at the village trader level 40%, at the subdistrict and district trader levels 37.5%, at the cooperative level 66.67%, at the animal feed company level 40% and at the poultry farmer level 25%.

Policy evaluations of the Renewable Fuel Standard and agricultural land use changes in three Midwestern states for a decade: variables that influence significant changes in crop decisions are not all about ethanol

The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) has been highly successful in developing the biofuels industry in the United States. However, opponents claim the RFS is directly responsible for increased agricultural land use change, primarily increased corn production at the expense of other crops. This study addresses these claims and concludes multiple variables, independent of the RFS, impact these changes. Agricultural land use changes for acres planted in corn and soybeans in the top three corn-producing states (Iowa, Illinois and Nebraska) were studied. Three categories of independent variables were tested to determine their association with agricultural land use changes: (1) weather, including crop development and precipitation; (2) commodity prices at planting; and (3) acreage enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). A microanalysis of the 10 counties in each state with the most change was also conducted. This analysis supports the conclusion that the RFS cannot be solely responsible for agricultural land use change. Most notably, excessive planting season precipitation and commodity prices had the greatest influence on agricultural land use changes. The success of the RFS should not be associated with causing agricultural land use change, as the RFS is simply a small component of a more complex system.

The Effect of Planting Date and Irrigation Regimes on Yield and Chlorophyll Content, Osmolytes and Antioxidant Enzymes in Sweet Corn (Zea Mays L. var saccarata)

The occurrence of drought stress in most areas of Iran with limited water reserves, the need to use agricultural techniques and adaptation measures with the aim of helping crop producers to choose the appropriate planting date and optimal use of irrigation water to increase corn production is necessary. In order to investigate the yield, chlorophyll content, osmolytes and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in sweet corn (cv. Amylopop) in response to drought stress and delay in planting, an experiment was conducted as split plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replications during two growing seasons (2018 and 2019) at Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. The treatments included the irrigation as the main factor in three levels [100% water requirement, 80% water requirement (mild stress), 60% water requirement (severe stress)] and planting date as a sub-plots in three levels (16 May, 26 May and 5 June). The findings showed that grain yield and leaf chlorophyll content decreased by 62% and 40% by delay in planting and increased drought stress caused by low irrigation regime, respectively, compared to the control (no stress and timely cultivation), and also, glycine betaine, proline, soluble sugars and antioxidant enzymes contents increased. Therefore, according to the climatic conditions of the Mashhad region, water loss through surface evaporation is much less at the beginning of the growing season, so it is necessary to choose the well-timed planting date and not to use a low irrigation strategy to achieve the maximum grain yield.

Effect of shading on plant growth of 4 varieties of hybrid corn

Agricultural land in Indonesia continues to decrease every year so that the use of plantation areas can be an alternative in increasing corn production. This study aimed to obtain corn varieties that can grow and produce well in shaded conditions. The experimental design used was a Split Plot Design arranged in a Randomized Block Design consisting of two factors. The first factor on the main plot is the shade (S) i.e., no shade (S1), 25% light interception shade (S2), and 50% light interception shade (S3). The second factor in the sub-plot is the hybrid corn variety (V) consisting of Bima 20 (V1), JH-37 (V2), Nasa 29 (N3), and Pioneer P32 (V4). The results showed that two varieties produce a high yield in 50% light interception conditions, which are JH-37 and Bima 20 with kernel dry weights of 6.04 and 6.43 tons/ha, respectively. On plant growth, shade treatment did not have a significant effect on the plant height, the number of leaves, and the leaf area, but affects the diameter of the stems.