Increased Employment Opportunities Research Articles

Invisible Labor, Visible Impact: A Comprehensive Study on the Role and Treatment of Domestic Maids.

Abstract: Through this platform we enhance the efficiency of hiring processes, offering users a transparent and accessible interface for finding and managing reliable maid services. Through a detailed examination of the website's functionality and user experience, through this assesses its contribution to simplifying the traditionally complex task of hiring domestic help. The study delves into the platform's role in fostering transparency, trust, and convenience, ultimately contributing to improved customer satisfaction and increased employment opportunities for domestic workers. Through an analysis of user feedback and website performance metrics, this research provides insights into the broader implications of such platforms in reshaping the dynamics of domestic service provision in contemporary contexts. This website not only prioritizes user-friendliness but also emphasizes being pocket-friendly for consumers. HOW? Here we break drown the hiring process Users can select specific tasks and timeframes, customizing the payment structure based on the work they require. We can establish a timeframe and work schedule for the position we are hiring for. We can establish a timeframe and work schedule for the position we are hiring for. This will ensure clarity and efficiency in our operations, allowing us to effectively manage tasks and save time to get the other opportunities for workers. By setting specific timeframes, we can enhance productivity and ensure that possibilities to get work efficiently. We carefully choose the tasks we hire for, ensuring we pay accordingly and avoid unnecessary expenses. We prioritize selecting tasks for which we are hiring, ensuring that we pay commensurately and avoid unnecessary expenditures. This approach allows us to maintain fiscal responsibility while efficiently allocating resources to essential projects

In-State Retention Rates of Female Neurosurgery Graduates

We sought to determine the rate of retaining female neurosurgery graduates in the same states as their medical education and identify medical school and state characteristics associated with high retention rates. Database from the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services was used to extract female physicians indicating "neurosurgery" as their specialty. The top 25 medical schools with the highest number of female neurosurgery graduates were selected. Descriptive analysis was used to determine the retention rate of female neurosurgery graduates. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify medical school and state characteristics associated with high retention rates. Medical schools with the highest retention rate included the University of California, San Francisco (60%), the University of Alabama (60%), and the University of Pennsylvania (60%). Univariable and multivariable analysis showed the number of female neurosurgery attendings (β = 0.036, CI = 0.003 to 0.070, p= 0.04 and β = 0.036, CI = 0.001 to 0.071, p= 0.04.) and the healthcare employment rate (β = 0.098, CI = 0.011 to 0.186, p= 0.03 and β = 0.117, CI = 0.021 to 0.212, p= 0.02) to be positively associated with the retention rate of female neurosurgery graduates. Retaining female neurosurgery graduates within a state is essential for addressing the physician shortage and gender inequality. To encourage female medical students to practice in the same state, medical schools and states should work collectively to improve the visibility of female neurosurgeons and increase employment opportunities.

Black Americans' Drug Mortality Increases and Local Employment Opportunities, 2010‒2021.

Objectives. To test the associations between local employment opportunities for the Black workforce and drug mortality among Black Americans, while examining the potential moderating effects of fentanyl seizure rates. Methods. We derived data from the National Center for Health Statistics' restricted-access Multiple Cause of Death file, linked with county-level job counts, drug supply, and other characteristics from the US Census Bureau and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. After examining the characteristics of counties by the magnitudes of increases in drug mortality from 2010‒2013 to 2018-2021, we conducted a first-differenced regression analysis to test the associations between the job-to-Black workforce ratio and age-adjusted drug mortality rates among Black Americans in US counties and test the moderating effects of state-level fentanyl seizure rates. Results. One more job per 100 Black workers was associated with 0.29 fewer drug overdose deaths per 100 000 Black Americans in the county. This negative association was stronger in the counties of the states with higher increases in fentanyl seizure rates. Conclusions. Increasing employment opportunities can be an important strategy for preventing Black Americans' drug mortality, especially among those living in areas with higher increases in fentanyl seizure rates. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print April 25, 2024:e1-e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307646).

Flexible Employment for Generation Z Youth: Characteristics and Challenges

Employment is a major challenge faced by young people, mainly due to fierce market competition and limited job demand. The employment development of Generation Z youth is an important issue that urgently needs to be addressed in the reform of the labor market system. With the tremendous changes in production organization and employment methods driven by the digital economy, the employment pattern of Generation Z youth has also undergone significant changes. Currently, the full-time employment form of "nine to five" is no longer able to meet the employment needs of Generation Z youth. With the rise of "digitalization" development, employment forms characterized by "personalization, part-time, part-time, and atypical" and "independent and flexible" have also emerged. The development trend of flexible employment has an impact and challenge on the existing labor market system, mechanism, and legal system based on full-time employment. The labor market system in the new era also urgently needs to be reformed to provide more employment forms for Generation Z youth, promote the sustainable and healthy development of the new employment market, and increase employment opportunities for young people.

Fighting female unemployment: the role of female ownership of bank accounts in complementing female inclusive education

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to assess if a policy of female inclusive education should be complemented with a policy of female ownership of bank accounts to fight female unemployment. The study therefore examines how female ownership of bank accounts moderates the incidence of female education on female unemployment.Design/methodology/approachThe focus is on 44 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries for the period 2004–2018 and the empirical evidence is based on interactive quantile regressions. The interactions are tailored such that female ownership of bank accounts influences the effect of female inclusive education on female unemployment.FindingsFrom the empirical findings it is evident that female ownership of bank accounts does not effectively moderate female education in order to reduce female unemployment unless complementary policies are considered. The complementary policies should be in view of boosting the interaction between female education and female bank account ownership in increasing employment opportunities for the female gender and by extension, reducing female unemployment. The invalidity of the moderating effect is robust to the inclusion of more elements in the conditioning information set as well as accounting for other dimensions of endogeneity such as simultaneity and the unobserved heterogeneity. Policy implications are discussed.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the extant literature by assessing how female ownership of bank accounts complements female inclusive education to reduce female unemployment.

Does the entrepreneur intention vary among university students?

PurposeTo encourage entrepreneurship, which accelerates economic growth by increasing employment opportunities and competitiveness, stakeholders must conduct studies and develop policies that consider both the current situation and future expectations. This study aims to examine the environmental and personal factors that influence students’ entrepreneurial intentions (EIs), using a model based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and social cognitive theories (SCT).Design/methodology/approachThis study proposed an institutional framework demonstrating contextual features to achieve this objective. This theoretical framework is evaluated using a sample of 375 university students in Türkiye.FindingsThe empirical findings can help policymakers develop effective policies to encourage entrepreneurship.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focuses on EIs; it is possible that even if a participant indicated a high EI in the survey, they will ultimately pursue a completely different career path.Practical implicationsThe study also contributes to entrepreneurship literature studies investigating the relationships between the TPB and SCT.Social implicationsBy testing specific hypotheses for Türkiye, this study contributes to the demand for entrepreneurship research in countries that are major global players but have vastly different sociocultural contexts than Western countries.Originality/valueThe study draws a theoretical model that explains the factors affecting the EIs of university students and attempts to explain the EIs of university students with and without business education within this model.

Niche Heritage Tourism in Stingray Island: The Case of Japanese Defense Heritage in Indonesia

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the competitiveness of Morotai Island, located in North Maluku, in terms of tourism development potential. Theoretical Framework: Tourism, defined as the movement of people to increase employment opportunities, local community economies, international trade, export revenue, foreign exchange earnings and investment, is influenced by a variety of social, cultural, and economic variables. Therefore, heritage sites and historic monuments are critical to urban development because they promote a sense of community among citizens while also emphasizing local identity and location. Method: Empirical research was carried out utilizing an inductive methodology using a variety of primary and secondary data sources. Results and Discussion: Results indicate that to further strengthen the community and further its tourism and regeneration aims, it could be beneficial for the autonomous organization organizing and overseeing social and cultural events and activities. Furthemore, to develop a range of tourism supporting services, the inventiveness of the region’s tourism entrepreneurs also require training in the early stages of region’s development. Research Implications: The study implicates an overall belief that improving Morotai's urban and economic landscape through tourism will either keep locals in the area or discourage them from leaving in pursuit of better opportunities and a higher standard of living. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the community heritage-based tourism as a tool of diversifying its local economic structure. This research precisely to recognize historic-heritage area in as a strategic instrument to develop rural areas.

Research on the Management of Sports Events in the Context of Sports Tourism

This article first analyzes the management significance of sports events in the context of sports tourism from the perspectives of increasing urban attractiveness, optimizing industrial structure, increasing employment opportunities, improving urban infrastructure, increasing economic benefits, and improving the quality of public services. Then it elaborates on management strategies for sports events in the context of sports tourism from the perspectives of competition management, information communication, cost control, risk control, logistics management, and evaluation management. Finally, it proposes management directions for sports events in the context of sports tourism from the perspectives of developing a whole-area tourism strategy, combining sports events with tourist attractions, improving the institutional guarantee of sports tourism, and strengthening the promotion and publicity of sports tourism.

Determinants of Youths’ Participation in Agricultural Cooperatives: Evidence from Northern Uganda

Agricultural cooperatives have been effective conduits for engaging the youths in the sub-sector by increasing employment opportunities and reducing poverty. Conversely, critical determinants of youth participation in the sub-sector have not been wholly entrenched. This study explored various factors to evaluate youths’ participation in the subsector. A cross-sectional survey of 253 randomly selected youths farmers in northern Uganda was employed using a structured questionnaire and a Probit model for analysis. Our results revealed that the main catalyst for youths’ participation was size of land owned and membership fees. Additionally, institutional factors, marketing, household size, hired land, land cultivated, shared responsibility and secondary occupation were authenticated as crucial for participation. The study advocates for a review of the operation guidelines for cooperatives and make amends to lure more youths. The study illuminates on the potency of agricultural cooperatives in stamping a footprint in elevating the economic status of the youths.

Language Education, Gender, and Inclusivity: Focusing on Japanese Language Education in Sri Lanka

The female population in Japanese language education in Sri Lanka is remarkably high compared to male population. Not only learners, but the number of female teachers also outsmart the male teachers. However, this kind of gender distribution is not something specific to Japanese language education. Research has highlighted that in many parts of the world male has less interest in learning languages than female. Some studies prove that boys think that learning foreign languages would not lead them to lucrative careers and some believe that language learning is not something 'real boys' do or are good at. Nonetheless, when considering the number of Sri Lankans who apply for visa to enter Japan, male population is significantly higher than females. In recent years specialists in Information Technology have more tendency to get job placements in Japan. Further, in 2019 Japan has opened its doors to Sri Lanka for a visa category called Specified Skilled Worker (SSW) which offers 4 employment fields from Sri Lanka. To apply for SSW visa, one should clear a language competency test and skill test of the relevant field. Does the increase in employment opportunities in Japan has any impact on the attitudes of language learning among male population? Thus, this paper explores current situation of the Japanese Language education in Sri Lanka focusing on gender distribution. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods are used in gathering and analysing data. The findings show that though there is a growth of male population among learners the attitudes towards learning Japanese are not changing as fast as the rapidly growing enthusiasm to work in Japan. Though there are new opportunities in Japan, if language competency is not recognized as a soft skill that goes beyond gender stereotype, we will fail to gain the best from the available paths. Further, changes towards inclusiveness in the curriculum as well as inclusiveness in the recruiters are given as recommendations to improve the current situation.

Backward Vertical Integration Strategies and Competitiveness of Firms in EPZ Kenya

Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to determine the influence of backward vertical integration strategies on the competitiveness of firms in the Export Processing Zones (EPZ), Kenya.
 Methodology: Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used in this study, meaning that both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were employed. Descriptive technique, specifically survey was used in the research design. The target population was all the 137 EPZ firms within Kenya and the sample was drawn from this population. The stratified random sampling technique was used. The EPZ firms are situated within the 74 gazetted zones, out of which 69 are privately owned and operated while 5 are public zones. The quantitative data that was collected was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists. Further, the significance level of each independent variable was tested against the dependent variable at 95% level of confidence using ANOVA, regression and correlation techniques. 
 Findings: The findings showed that backward vertical integration strategies had a positive and significant influence on the competitiveness of firms in EPZ, Kenya, at 0.151, p<0.05 and 0.432, p<0.05 when the moderating variable firm size is included.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study contributes to both the resource-based view and the theory of dynamic capabilities. It lays emphasis on the importance of resources in attaining competitiveness as suggested in these theories. Besides, the study emphasizes the need for firms to have policies aimed at ensuring raw materials supply stability, lower transaction costs and enhanced economies of scale. The findings of this study are significant because the Government of Kenya envisages that the EPZ program is expected to play a critical role in the manufacturing sector contributing 20% to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 2030. This will subsequently lead to an increase in employment opportunities, real-value added growth, and foreign direct investment (KNBS, 2022). The study recommends a review by the EPZ Authority in Kenya , of the underlying aim of using backward vertical integration strategies as means of gaining competitive advantage competitiveness and the inclusion of this strategy in the various EPZ firm’s policies and procedures.

Pendekatan Manajemen Strategi Berbasis Perspektif terhadap Pengembangan Jiwa Wirausaha Bagi Pelaku UMKM dalam Mengelola Potensi Usaha Kuliner di Kabupaten Sampang

Usaha Mikro Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) are the pillars of the economy in Indonesia, especially for the people of Sampang Regency. According to Law No. 20 of 2008, Usaha Mikro Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) are business activities that are able to increase employment opportunities and provide broad economic services to the community, in addition, they can assist in the process of equitable distribution and increase in community income, encourage economic growth, and maintain national stability. The purpose of this study is to determine the Perspective-based Strategy Management Approach to the Development of the Entrepreneurial Spirit of UMKM Actors in Managing Culinary Business Potential in Sampang District. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method by observing UMKM actors in Sampang Culinary District. The results show that UMKM players already have an entrepreneurial spirit in managing culinary business potential in Sampang District. However, in some aspects, it is still necessary to develop the entrepreneurial spirit.

Model of Women's Empowerment in the Economic Aspects of the Tourism Field Through Community-Based Education in Gunungkidul

This research endeavors to develop a conceptual model for enhancing women's empowerment in the economic aspects of tourism through community-based education in Gunungkidul, focusing on the tourist village of Nglanggeran. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach and purposive sampling, the study incorporates various data collection methods such as observation, archival recordings, interviews, and documentation, ensuring data validity through source and method triangulation. The research outcomes unveil an empowerment model involving training for the brown house, spa, and batik house communities. Participants, drawn from the local tourist village, gain opportunities to engage in village management. The empowerment process receives support from partners, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and tourism village managers, yielding meaningful benefits for women. The stages encompass needs identification, program design, implementation, and evaluation. Women actively participate in problem exploration and solution determination during needs identification. Program design involves women in formulating training plans. Implementation includes preparation, coordination, socialization, group formation, resource strengthening, and training. Evaluation occurs at various stages, involving initial, implementation, and final assessments. Training implementation relies on assistance from partner institutions and CSR for problem resolution. Empowerment concludes with monthly program evaluations, resulting in the positive recognition of women's equality in welfare, access, awareness, participation, and control. This recognition translates into increased employment opportunities, enhanced income, and improved economic well-being for women.

The impact of road infrastructure development on ecosystems and communities

Background: Road infrastructure is essential for economic growth and improving connectivity between regions. This study looks at how environmental, social, and financial communities are affected by the development of the Arfai-Pami road infrastructure in Manokwari Selatan District, Manokwari Regency. Methods: This research uses qualitative and quantitative methods with the philosophy of positivism. Data were collected in several places in the Arfai and Pami areas, including South Manokwari, through observation, interviews, and document analysis. Result: The results showed that road construction improved accessibility and local economic growth, with an increase in the value of social variables by 0.365 and economic variables by 0.759, respectively. However, apparent consequences include a 33.87% decrease in forest area, a decrease in green space, an increased likelihood of flash flooding downstream due to land use change, and a decrease in infiltration surface area. In addition, road construction causes pollution, habitat disruption, and changes in water flow patterns, which can lead to erosion. Changes in the lifestyle and employment of local people is one of the significant social impacts. Residents benefit from increased employment opportunities, while others face increased living costs and loss of agricultural land. Relocation or compensation is a frequent social issue. The conclusion of this study emphasizes how important it is to balance ecosystem preservation and road infrastructure development. Especially in Arfai-Pami, road infrastructure development should be done holistically considering environmental, social, and economic impacts. Conclussion: To maximize benefits and reduce adverse effects, communities, government, and industry players need to be involved in the planning and implementation of road infrastructure projects.

The Impact of New Infrastructure Construction Investment on High Quality Economic Development in the Yangtze River Delta Region

This article aims to explore in depth the impact mechanism of new infrastructure investment on high-quality economic development in the Yangtze River Delta region, providing useful references for policy makers. The Yangtze River Delta region has invested a large amount of funds in the field of new infrastructure, including 5G networks, data centers, intelligent transportation, new energy, and other fields. These investments not only promote the optimization and upgrading of regional industrial structure, but also lay a solid foundation for high-quality economic development. The impact of new infrastructure investment on high-quality economic development is reflected in the following aspects: promoting traditional infrastructure reform and promoting the transformation of old and new driving forces; Promote supply side structural reform and optimize resource allocation; Promote diversification of financing channels and stabilize capital structure; Generate spillover effects, increase employment opportunities, and improve people's well-being. Finally, we propose several policy recommendations.

Collaborative research on rural distributed photovoltaic development and new energy vehicles moving to the countryside under the background of dual carbon

In the context of dual carbon, there is a synergistic effect between the development of rural distributed photovoltaics and the introduction of new energy vehicles to the countryside. The synergistic development of the two is of great significance for promoting sustainable development and energy transformation. This paper aims to study how the coordinated development of rural distributed photovoltaic and new energy vehicles in the countryside can produce efficiency, what kind of efficiency it can produce under the background of dual carbon, and explore its collaborative development strategy. Based on the background environment of green development, this paper discusses the current situation, significance, policy effect, and difficulties of the collaborative development of rural distributed photovoltaic development and new energy vehicles in the countryside. On this basis, it analyzes the efficiency and mechanism of its collaborative development. The conclusion indicates that, under the dual carbon background, the development of distributed photovoltaics in rural areas and the deployment of new energy vehicles to rural areas are full of opportunities and challenges. The synergistic development of the two has the synergistic effects of sharing clean energy, complementary energy conservation and emission reduction, optimizing energy consumption structures, promoting economic development, increasing employment opportunities, and improving rural living quality. It is of great significance for achieving the dual-carbon goal. This article provides a reference for the development of distributed photovoltaics in rural areas and the coordinated development of new energy vehicles in rural areas under a dual-carbon background and has certain practical and theoretical significance.

Research on the Effect and Mechanism of Digital Economy Promoting High Quality Economic Development

In recent years, digital economy has become an important driving force to promote economic growth and high-quality development. This paper aims to explore the effect and mechanism of digital economy in promoting high-quality economic development. First of all, this paper analyzes the current situation and trend of the development of China's digital economy. Second, this paper examines the theoretical basis of digital economy in promoting high-quality economic development. Third, this paper analyzes the specific effects and mechanisms of digital economy in promoting high-quality economic development, including improving labor productivity, promoting industrial upgrading, optimizing resource allocation, increasing employment opportunities, etc. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the digital economy to promote high-quality economic development in the future, including strengthening the construction of digital infrastructure, improving the level of digital technology, promoting digital transformation, and strengthening the cultivation of digital talents.

Research on the relationship between social capital and sustainable livelihood: evidences from reservoir migrants in the G Autonomous Prefecture, China

Although hydropower serves as a clean alternative energy source, the global challenge of resettlement due to dam construction underscores the importance of sustainable livelihoods in achieving the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In recent years, the sustainable livelihood theory has offered a new perspective for examine the development of livelihoods of reservoir migrants after relocation. However, in-depth relationship between social capital and sustainable livelihoods has not been explored. In this study, three hydropower resettlement areas were selected in the G Autonomous Prefecture of China as an example. Our investigation delved into the influence of social networks, social norms, and social trust on the livelihoods of reservoir migrants. Study employed semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and qualitative analysis to explore this impact. The results show that the traditional social capital stock of reservoir migrants, dominated by family, neighborhood and religious networks, has declined. Therefore, the structural function of modern social capital should be strengthened by increasing the social trust of reservoir migrants in institutions and civil society organizations. The contribution of livelihood diversification in poverty reduction by 2030 (SDG-1) was realized by focusing on the role of social capital to promote infrastructure, improve living conditions and increase employment opportunities for migrants. The findings further point to the need to fully respect the customs and lifestyles of ethnic minorities during the resettlement process of reservoir migrants in order to preserve the role played by their traditional social capital, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the livelihoods of reservoir migrants.

Resident's Attitudes Toward Tourism Development in Simanindo Subsdistrict Samosir Regency

Tourism development especially in rural areas has changed residents’ economic, sociocultural, and environmental life. It’s important to analyze residents’ attitudes toward tourism development in their area. This study aimed to analyze the attitudes of the Batak Toba Ethnic as residents toward tourism development in Simanindo Subdistrict. This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional survey. A survey with 115 residents as representatives of Batak Ethnic was conducted in June 2022. The findings revealed that several challenges of tourism development had been stated by residents including conflict over resources ownership, less involvement of residents, inadequate financial support, insufficient facilities, low quality of service and product, poor marketing, and unskilled human resources. The Batak Toba Ethnic as residents also obtained positive and negative impacts of tourism development in their area. Positive impacts included conserving culture and heritage, preserving nature, supporting trading of local products, upgrading public facilities, encouraging economic growth, increasing employment opportunities, enhancing additional income, improving the quality of life, increasing foreign investors, improving the standard of living and personal benefit for residents. However, negative impacts were inconsiderable. The main suggestions toward tourism development were enhance local people involvement and participation, increase attractions, accessibilities and amenities. The economic benefits has high correlation toward communities involvement and participation in tourism development.
 Keywords: attitudes, challenges, impacts, participation, tourism development

Opportunities and challenges for strawberry cultivation in urban food production systems

Societal Impact StatementCultivation of strawberry plants in urban production systems, whether in green open‐air spaces or under some form of protected horticulture such as vertical farming, has demonstrated to be challenging to new farmers and businesses. Commercial strawberry producers have an advanced understanding of strawberry plant physiology, enabling them to grow the crop successfully and profitably. Lack of knowledge exchange between commercial growers and new urban farmers seems to result in the abandonment of strawberries as crop of choice in urban systems. This review will confront the specific plant science challenges urban growers need to address to incorporate this nutritional crop into their revolutionary urban growing systems, whilst achieving good quality produce with high yields.SummaryTo ensure a sustainable future of farming, urban horticulture (UH) will need to be a key part of our everyday life. There are increasing demands for higher productivity and more locally produced food, even close to densely populated urban areas, to address environmental pressures and accelerate the resilience of modern food systems. UH is a broad term and can include numerous cultivation methods; rooftop gardens, public spaces, vertical walls, indoor vertical farms, as well as an array of crops including, salads, soft fruits and trees. Crops such as strawberries are expected to soon make a significant contribution to UH. Urban strawberry production promises all‐year round fruit availability, reduced reliance on imports, increased self‐sufficiency, lower food miles, a supply of high‐quality fresh fruits from hyper‐local spaces, increased employment opportunities, welfare benefits and an opportunity to promote a sense of community. Strawberry is a complex perennial crop with agronomical challenges, which requires specialist knowledge that is not always available to new urban farmers. Achieving an urban version of a strawberry field will require knowledge exchange between the commercial rural strawberry producers and the newly entered urban growers. Plant physiology, management of plant pathogens, choice of propagation material, fertigation, pollination and environmental requirements are the most common challenges for urban strawberry production. This review aims to consolidate the common bottleneck challenges of UH for new urban strawberry facilities.