Increase In Pixel Count Research Articles

Upgrading the Field-Imaging Far-Infrared Line Spectrometer for the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy with kinetic inductance detectors: enabling large sample (extragalactic) surveys

We present the initial design, performance improvements, and science opportunities for an upgrade to the Field-Imaging Far-Infrared Line Spectrometer (FIFI-LS). FIFI-LS efficiently measures fine structure cooling lines, delivering critical constraints of the interstellar medium and star-forming environments. The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) provides the only far-infrared (FIR) observational capability in the world, making FIFI-LS a workhorse for FIR lines, combining optimal spectral resolution and a wide velocity range. Its continuous coverage of 51 to 203 μm makes FIFI-LS a versatile tool to investigate a multitude of diagnostic lines within our galaxy and in extragalactic environments. The sensitivity and field of view (FOV) of FIFI-LS are limited by its 90s-era photoconductor arrays. These limits can be overcome by upgrading the instrument using the latest developments in kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs). KIDs provide sensitivity gains in excess of 1.4 and allow larger arrays, enabling an increase in pixel count by an order of magnitude. This increase allows a wider FOV and instantaneous velocity coverage. The upgrade provides gains in point source observation speed by a factor >2 and in mapping speed by a factor >3.5, enabled by the improved sensitivity and pixel count. This upgrade has been proposed to NASA in response to the 2018 SOFIA Next Generation Instrumentation call.

Super Hi-Vision Video Parameters for Next-Generation Television

The crux of the move to ultrahigh-definition television is to simply deliver a wider field of view, which only requires an increase in pixel count to 3840 × 2160 or 7680 × 4320 pixels, which are well accepted standards. However, this overlooks important factors such as color/tone rendition and motion portrayal, which could be crucial to delivering an enhanced visual experience with next-generation television (next-gen TV) systems. To this end, system parameters are proposed including colorimetry and frame frequency for next-gen TV. The proposed colorimetry system is based on the real RGB color system and has a color gamut covering 99.9% of real surface colors while using physically realizable RGB primaries. Further, a frame frequency of 120 Hz is proposed on the basis of subjective assessments of motion picture quality.