Increase In Nd3 Research Articles

Crystal structure, microstructure, and magnetic properties of Ba3-xNdxCo2Fe24O41 hexaferrite ceramics with enhanced magnetic anisotropy

Crystal structure, microstructure, static and dynamic magnetic properties of Ba3-xNdxCo2Fe24O41 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) ceramics were investigated. Samples were prepared via sintering at 1250 °C for 4 h, and XRD results revealed their crystal structure after Nd substitution. With the increase in Nd3+ ion dopant content, particle porosity increased, leading to slight decrease in volume density. Static magnetic data showed the weak effect of Nd-substitution on saturation magnetization strength and a slight increase in coercivity (from 52 Oe to 75 Oe at x = 0–0.5), while out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy rose significantly (from 10.1 kOe to 14.5 kOe at x = 0–0.5). Dynamic magnetic tests demonstrated noticeable decrease in permeability (from 17 to 8), whereas cutoff frequency increased from 0.8 GHz to 1.9 GHz and the maximum Snoek product reached 18.8 GHz for the sample with x = 0.4. The fitting of real part of permeability using domain wall resonance and natural resonance models revealed that resonance frequency and out-of-plane anisotropy both increased with Nd-substitution. Moreover, despite Nd doping, samples maintained low magnetic loss and high Q value within higher frequency range. Therefore, findings of this study provide a pathway to development of substituted Z-type barium (Co2Z) ferrites for high frequency applications.

Controllably Modulating Oxygen Vacancies on Nonstoichiometric Nd−Ce−O Binary Oxides for Low‐temperature Oxidative Coupling of Methane

AbstractHerein, we synthesised a series of nonstoichiometric Nd−Ce−O composite oxides with a fluorite or rare‐earth C‐type phase structure using the glycine combustion method for the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction. As the amount of Nd3+ increases, the oxygen vacancies in this series of composite oxides gradually increase, leading to an amount increasing in the C2‐selective oxygen species O2− generated by the oxygen vacancies. In addition, with the increase in Nd3+, the number of moderate basic sites on the catalyst surface also improves, another significant factor affecting the OCM reaction performance of the composite oxides. Nd0.9Ce0.1O1.55 possesses optimal low‐temperature OCM reaction performance, achieving 8.0 % C2 yield at 450 °C and 14.1 % C2 yield at 700 °C. This can be attributed to the nonstoichiometric rare‐earth C‐type crystalline phase structure of Nd0.9Ce0.1O1.55, which exhibits the highest abundance of oxygen vacancies, selective oxygen species O2−, and moderate basic sites.

Structural and Temperature Dependent-Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of CoNd x Fe2−x O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) Nanoparticles

We present an investigation into the structural and magnetic properties of neodymium-doped cobalt ferrites, described by the general formula CoNd x Fe2−x O4 (where x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 & 0.10). CoNd x Fe2−x O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using sol-gel auto-combustion method with tartaric acid employed as a chelating agent. The strength of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak diminishes as the concentration of Nd3+ increases from 0 to 0.10 mol%, implying that crystallization is hindered due to relatively large ion radii. The crystallite size decreases from 22 nm to 12 nm, with an increase in Nd3+ concentration from 0 to 0.1 mol% in CoFe2O4. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies reveal irregularly shaped particles with a homogenous distribution. The hysteresis loop obtained from the Vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) indicates the formation of soft magnetic materials, with magnetization values decreasing from 53 emu g−1 (x = 0) to 40 emu g−1 (x = 0.10) at 3 K and from 32 emu g−1 (x = 0) to 20 emu g−1 (x = 0.10) at 300 K. Interestingly, the highest coercivity and highest anisotropy constant (K) were observed for the sample x = 0.04.

ND3+-DOPED BORATE GLASSES DEVELOPMENT FOR EFFICIENT NIR LASER MEDIUM MATERIAL

This study aims to determine the effect of neodymium concentration on barium sodium borate glasses. The glass samples were fabricated using the melt-quenching technique for analyzing the physical properties, absorption spectra, and NIR emission spectra. The twelve absorption bands increased with the increase in Nd3+ concentration. The most intense absorption band is centered at 583 nm (corresponding to the 4I9/2→4G5/2 transition), which is chosen to investigate the NIR emission spectra. The NIR emission spectra exhibited the most intense emission band at 1,077 nm under 583 nm excitation wavelength, corresponding to the 4F3/2→4I11/2 transition, respectively. The maximum NIR emission intensity was observed at the glass sample with 2 mol% of Nd3+. The NIR emission spectra and the results from Judd-Ofelt theory confirm that 2 mol% of Nd3+-doped Ba-Na-B glasses with a 1,077 nm emission in this work might be used as an NIR laser medium material.

Sol-gel auto-combustion synthesis and characterization of Nd3+ doped Cu0.5Co0.5Fe2-xNdxO4 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, & 0.5) spinel ferrites

Rare earth metal Neodymium (Nd3+) doped nano-crystalline Copper-Cobalt (Cu-Co) spinel ferrites which are represented as Cu0.5Co0.5NdxFe2-xO4 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) chemically were prepared through “sol-gel auto-combustion method”. The structural/mechanical, morphological and infrared characteristics were studied in comprehension in the light of Nd3+ doping, using industrial standard techniques. For all of the prepared samples, an X-ray investigation confirms the production of cubic spinel structures in a single phase without the presence of any secondary or impurity phases. Crystallite size and the lattice parameter of Cu0.5Co0.5Nd0Fe2-0O4 found 40 nm and 8.361 Å respectively. The findings demonstrate a clear correlation between increasing Nd3+ content and a decrease in both the crystallite size and lattice parameter. Surface texture and morphology was examined through Scanning Electron Microscopy. According to the results of SEM investigation, the grain size ranged from 13 nm to 0.2 μm. The stretching modes of vibrations at 466 cm−1, 660 cm−1, and 274 cm−1, which are typical modes of spinel ferrites, were discovered via micro-Raman spectroscopy. Optical behaviour of ferrite material observed by UV–Visible spectroscopy. For undoped samples, UV–vis indicated a maximum wavelength of 249 nm, but for doped samples, which are varied through 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5, the wavelength ranges from 230 to 237 nm. The saturation magnetization was observed to increase with a further increase in Nd3+ concentration (x = 0.5), which may be helpful in storage devices.

Energy storage performance of Nd3+-doped BiFeO3–BaTiO3-based lead-free ceramics

Lead-free ceramics 0.7(Bi1-xNdx)[Fe0.95(Li0.5Nb0.5)0.05]O3-0.3BaTiO3+0.1 wt% MnO2 (x = 0–0.05) solid solutions were synthesized through a solid state sintering route. Phase analysis showed the formation of a single/mixed perovskite structure for all samples. A morphotropic phase boundary between rhombohedral R3c and cubic Pm3‾m appeared in all the samples. The microstructure analysis revealed well-densified ceramics with clear grains and grain boundaries. The dielectric measurement showed broadened and frequency-dependent dielectric maxima, indicating relaxor behavior. With an increase in Nd3+ concentration, the temperature of maximum relative permittivity (Tm) shifted from 564 °C to 330 °C (x = 0.05). The breakdown strength (BDS) was significantly enhanced from 200 kV/cm (x = 0) to 290 kV/cm (x = 0.03). A maximum recoverable energy (Wrec = 3.2 J/cm3) and a high conversion efficiency (η = 73.7%) was achieved for sample x = 0.03, showing promise for use in pulse power systems.

The effect of Nd3+ concentration on fabrication, microstructure, and luminescent properties of anisotropic S‐FAP ceramics

AbstractNd3+ doped strontium fluorophosphate (S‐FAP), with chemical formula Sr5(PO4)3F, nanopowders were prepared using the co‐precipitation method. The prepared powders had no impurity phase with a grain size of about 30 nm and the doping limit of Nd3+ ions in strontium fluorophosphate is about 9 at.%. The morphology and particle size were determined by the doping concentration of Nd3+. Anisotropic Nd: S‐FAP transparent ceramics with different Nd3+ doping concentrations were fabricated successfully by the simple hot‐pressing method. The grain size of prepared S‐FAP transparent ceramics decreased first and then increased with the increase of Nd3+ concentration. The 2 at.% Nd: S‐FAP ceramic presented the highest optical transmittance at all wavelengths range. The characteristic transitions from the ground state to the excited states of Nd3+ ions were observed from the absorption spectra, and the absorption cross‐section was calculated at 3.71 × 10–20 cm2. The influence of Nd3+ ion concentration on luminescence intensity and fluorescence lifetime was studied under 796 nm excitation. The strong emission of 4F3/2→4I9/2 transition in Nd: S‐FAP was calculated by Judd–Ofelt (J‐O) theory.

Evaluating the structure-property correlation in Y1-xNdxFeO3 (0≤x≤0.15) perovskites

In the current investigation, the perovskite Y1-xNdxFeO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) polycrystalline powders were synthesized via sol-gel technique. SEM studies of the morphological and microstructural aspects revealed an increase in Nd3+ dopant concentration resulted in grain growth reduction from 0.7 μm to 0.2 μm. A comprehensive structural analysis involving XRD and Raman spectroscopy unveiled the structural distortion from the isovalent doping of Nd3+ ions at Y3+ sites with changes in lattice parameters. The doping led to a reduction in bandgap from 2.1 eV for pristine YFeO3 to 1.78 eV for Y0.85Nd0.15FeO3. While the magnetization increased on increasing Nd3+ doping concentration, the coercivity (Hc) visibly reduced, as evidenced from the M-H loop studies. The A-B-K plots confirmed the transition from antiferromagnetic (AFM) behaviour (YFeO3) to soft ferromagnetic (FM) behaviour (Y1-xNdxFeO3 (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15)). In conclusion, we correlate the observed changes in optical and magnetic properties to the structural distortion.

Concentration dependent neodymium doped oxy fluoroborate glasses for 1.08 μm laser applications

Different concentrations of neodymium-doped (Nd3+ ions) Oxy Fluoroborate (OFB) glasses were fabricated and systematically analyzed by employing spectroscopic techniques such as optical absorption, photoluminescence (PL) and PL decay spectral measurements to understand the NIR lasing potentialities. The information pertaining to absorption spectral features were subjected to Judd-Ofelt (J-O) analysis to understand the radiative properties such as transition probability (AR), radiative lifetime (τR) and branching ratios (βR) possessed by the as prepared Nd3+ ions doped OFB glasses. By correlating the radiative properties with the emission and PL decay spectral profiles, the emission cross-sections (σse) and quantum efficiency values are evaluated for the prominent fluorescent levels of Nd3+ ions in the as prepared glasses. Under 808 nm diode laser excitation, all the OFB glasses under investigation showcased two prominent NIR emissions at 1085 nm (4F3/2 → 4I11/2) and 1328 nm (4F3/2 → 4I13/2). The intensities of both the emission peaks escalates with increases in Nd3+ ions concentration up to 1 mol% and beyond decreases showcasing concentration quenching. The experimental lifetime values estimated from the single exponential PL decay profiles of 4F3/2 level are decreasing monotonously with increase in Nd3+ ions concentration in the as prepared OFB glasses. Relatively higher branching ratios, emission cross-sections and quantum efficiency values estimated for Nd3+ ions doped OFB glasses indicates the potential usage of the as prepared glasses for 1.08 μm laser applications.

Nd3+ doped magnesium zinc sulfophosphate glass: New candidate for up-conversion solid state laser host

Abstract Phosphate based glasses with neodymium ions (Nd3+) doping are advantageous for high energy short pulse up−conversion (UC) solid−state laser applications. In this work, the magnesium zinc sulfophosphate glass systems with composition of (60−x)P2O5–20MgO–20ZnSO4−xNd2O3 (where x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mol%) were prepared via melt−quenching method. Structures of as−quenched samples were characterized at room temperature using Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer FTIR and Raman measurements. Thermogravimetry−differential thermal analyses (TG−DTA) confirmed the thermal stability (>100 °C) of selected glasses. Ultraviolet–visible near-infrared (UV–Vis–NIR) absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were used to evaluate the optical properties of the proposed glasses. Absorption spectra of glasses revealed thirteen characteristic bands in the range of 328–875 nm which were assigned to the ground state to various excited states transitions in Nd3+ ions. The reliability of the Judd−Ofelt (JO) evaluation was authenticated via the attainment of the very low value of root mean square deviation (0.18 × 1020 to 0.63 × 1020 cm2). The spectroscopic quality factors of glasses were enhanced from 1.51 to 2.07 with the increase in Nd3+ ions doping contents. Glass containing 1.5 mol% of Nd3+ ions displayed a slight reduction of Ω2 value, validating the improvement of symmetrical environment around Nd3+ ions in the glass network. Meanwhile, the observed enhancement in the Ω4 and Ω6 values with increasing Nd3+ ions content was ascribed to the improvement of glass viscosity and rigidity. The achieved green−yellowish PL band around 580 nm (emerged from 2G7/2 → 4I9/2 transition) exhibited large branching ratio (83–84%), indicating efficient lasing transition with improved emission cross−section (3.25–4.70 × 10−25 m2) in the glass system. Based on results, the proposed glass system was effective to be used in UC solid−state laser applications.

Synthesis of neodymium-doped barium nanoferrite: Analysis of structural, optical, morphological, and magnetic properties

Neodymium (Nd3+)-doped barium nanoferrite was synthesized by sonochemical method. The cation distribution of BaFe2O4 (BFO) nanoferrite is modified by doping of Nd3+ ions with different compositions (0≤ x ≤ 0.1; Δx = 0.025). Distinct changes in Raman active modes in the synthesized BaNdxFe2−xO4 nanoferrites were observed with a different composition of Nd3+ substitution. The elemental state of oxidation in the synthesized BaNdxFe2−xO4 nanoferrites was investigated. Ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy indicated that the bandgap energy increases from 3.40 to 3.74 eV with an increase in Nd3+ concentration from 0 to 0.10. The dielectric constant values decreased with the addition of Nd3+ content. Room temperature hysteresis magnetic loop of the pure and Nd-doped BFO nanoferrites indicated that the saturation magnetization decrease with the addition of Nd3+ in BFO nanoferrites.

Structural, luminescence and NMR studies on Nd3+-doped sodium–calcium-borate glasses for lasing applications

In this work, Neodymium (Nd3+) -doped borate glasses were synthesised by melt-quenching method and their structural as well as optical properties were analysed through XRD, Raman, NMR, DSC, UV–Visible, luminescence and decay studies for the possible application as laser gain medium. DSC and XRD results revealed that the glasses have high transition temperature and are in amorphous nature, respectively. The vibrational characteristics of the host matrices as well as the effect of Nd3+ incorporation were analysed by using Raman spectra, which exhibit majorly borate groups as supported by NMR results. The band gap energy of the glasses decreases with an increase in Nd3+ concentration. Using Judd-Oflet theory the characteristic intensity parameters (Ωλ, λ = 2, 4 and 6) were calculated and further used for calculating the various radiative parameters from the emission spectra. The emission cross-section (σem) was estimated as high as 1.15 × 10−20 cm2 from the Füchtbauer–Landenburg (FL) equation for the dominant 4F3/2→4I11/2 (1056 nm) transition. The effect of Nd3+ concentration on the lifetime of the 4F3/2 luminescent level was analysed from the decay curve analyses. From which, the corresponding quantum efficiency (η) was estimated and found as high as 54%. The investigated result suggests the prepared glasses can be utilized as gain medium to generate laser at around 1.05 μm.

Structure, magnetic properties, and exchange-coupling effect of Co0.6Mg0.15NdxFe2.25–xO4/Co

Hard/soft Co0.6Mg0.15NdxFe2.25–xO4/Co composites have been synthesized by reducing Co0.6Mg0.15NdxFe2.25–xO4 (CMNFO) at 550 °C in 5% H2–Ar atmosphere. The results of X-ray diffraction measurements confirm that CMNFO samples, calcined at 900 °C, consist of the main cubic MgFe2O4 phase in combination of trace amounts of Fe2O3 and FeNdO3 phases. The surface particles in the CMNFO are transformed into soft magnetic Co phase, and Fe2O3 phase disappears after being reduced at 550 °C for 30 min. The magnetic measurement shows that specific saturation magnetization of the CMNFO decreases with the increase in Nd3+ content. By contrast, specific saturation magnetization and coercivity of CMNFO/Co composites obviously increase. Co0.6Mg0.15Nd0.04Fe2.21O4/Co composite exhibits a maximum specific saturation magnetization value (73.56 emu/g) at a reduction time of 20 min. Co0.6Mg0.15Nd0.04Fe2.21O4/Co composite still behaves a single-phase hysteresis loop, attributed to coherent magnetization rotation and strong exchange-coupling between hard magnetic CMNFO and soft magnetic Co particles.

Effect of neodymium doping in BaTiO3 ceramics on structural and ferroelectric properties

In this work, single-phase perovskite Ba1−xNdxTiO3 (x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08) ceramic solid solutions were synthesized via solid-state sintering process. Powder X-ray diffraction and Rietveld profile refinement revealed the phase transition behavior from tetragonal (x ≥ 0.04) to cubic (x ≤ 0.06). The charge densities between atoms were also investigated by refined PXRD results. Raman spectra revealed that the intensity was noticed with the increase of Nd3+ concentration in BaTiO3 suggesting a structural transformation. The Egap value decreased with the increase of Nd3+ doping estimated by UV–visible spectra. The SEM images show the grains with fractured morphology. Ferroelectric studies show that the maximum polarization (Pm) and remnant polarization (Pr) gradually decreases after the composition x = 0.04, confirming the transformation from tetragonal to cubic system.

Analyses of structure, electronic and multiferroic properties of Bi1-xNdxFeO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) system

Magnetoelectric multiferroics are of considerable interest due to the fascinating science and potential applications. In this study, multiferroic Bi1-xNdxFeO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) samples have been prepared by a two-stage solid-state reaction method and correlation between various properties has been studied. It can be seen that Nd3+ substitution destabilized the polar R3c symmetry due to chemical strain effects arising from the size mismatch between Bi3+ and Nd3+ cations which triggered partial structural transformation to triclinic structure (P1symmetry). Raman scattering experiments elucidated slight changes in covalency of Bi–O bond and softening of modes corresponding to oxygen motion suggests a significant destabilization of FeO6 octahedra. The increase in magnetization has been attributed to the suppression of the spiral spin structure and variation in Fe–O–Fe bond angle due to the strain induced in the unit cell by Nd3+ substitution. The step-like feature in magnetization at the low field has been attributed to charge melting in connection with manganites. An anomalous decrease in coercivity with decrease in temperature has been observed for Bi0.75Nd0.25FeO3 sample which can be explained on the basis that the decrease in effective magnetic anisotropy and is an indicator of presence of magnetoelectric coupling. The bandgap increases with increase in Nd3+ content which is attributed to the decrease in interatomic lattice parameters which resulted in increased binding forces of valance electrons.

Investigation on Microstructural, Electrical and Optical Properties of Nd-Doped BaCo0.01Ti0.99O3 Perovskite

The effects of microstructural, electrical and optical properties of (Ba1−xNdx)(Co0.01Ti0.99)O3 (BNCT) (x = 0.00%, 0.25%, 0.50% and 0.75%) ceramics have been prepared the by sol–gel combustion technique. The structural phase evolution confirms tetragonal to pseudo-cubic phase with 0.50% and 0.75% doping of Nd3+ ions. The Rietveld refinement analysis of BNCT ceramics in terms of bond length Ba-O, Ti-O and Ba-Ti have been discussed, and it also confirmed the lattice parameters systematically. The co-doping of Nd3+ ions for Ba2+ ion at A-site leads to an increase of the energy bandgap (Eg) of the samples lying between 2.93 eV to 3.19 eV, which is ascertained by the blue shift as observed from the UV–visible spectroscopy. The intensity of photoluminescence (PL) emission was found to decrease with an increase in Nd3+ concentrations and the deconvolution of the luminescence peaks were discussed in terms of the role of defects, oxygen vacancies, grain size, and induced lattice strain. The complex permittivity (ɛ′ + jɛ″), impedance plot and AC conductivity (σ′) were examined at room temperature within the frequency range from 1 Hz to 1 MHz.

Neodymium-doped magnesium phosphate glasses for NIR laser applications at 1.05 μm

Neodymium-doped magnesium phosphate glasses with various concentrations of active ion are prepared by melt quenching method and characterized their spectroscopic properties using absorption and emission spectra and decay measurements. Using the Judd-Ofelt analysis, various spectroscopic parameters such as intensity parameters (Ωλ, λ = 2, 4, 6), radiative transition probabilities, branching ratios and radiative lifetimes are evaluated. The near infrared emission spectra are measured by exciting the samples at 808 nm. In the emission spectra, maximum intensity is observed at 1054 nm which corresponds to the 4F3/2 → 4F11/2 transition of Nd3+ ion. The branching ratio, band width and stimulated emission cross-section for the above transition are found to be 0.51, 25 nm and 3.26 × 10–20 cm2, respectively. The decay curves for the 4F3/2 fluorescent level are single exponential nature with decreasing lifetime from 346 to 57 μs with increase in Nd3+ concentration from 0.05 to 4.0 mol%. The results suggest that PMN glasses could be useful as infrared laser sources at around 1.05 μm.

Effect of Nd3+ substitution on structural, ferroelectric, magnetic and electrical properties of BiFeO3–PbTiO3 binary system

In this paper, we have reported the effect of rare earth Nd3+ ion substitution on crystal structure, ferroelectric, electrical and magnetic behavior of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition of polycrystalline ceramics 0.7Bi(1−x)NdxFeO3–0.3PbTiO3(BNFPT), where x = 0, 0.05, 0.10. Rietveld refinement of XRD profiles confirms coexistence of rhombohedralR3c and tetragonal P4mmpolymorphs forming MPB for all the compositions. We observed that the remnant polarization Pr increases with increasing Nd3+ concentration. Piezoelectric studies show gradual increase in piezoelectric coefficient (d33) from 11 to 34 pC/N with increase in Nd3+ concentration for BNFPT samples. All compositions exhibit weak ferromagnetic character. For the same composition range, the study of dielectric behavior revealed gradual decrease in Curie temperature (Tc) as we increased doping content of Nd3+.

Electronic polarizability and third-order nonlinearity of Nd3+ doped borotellurite glass for potential optical fiber

The glass series with composition of {[(TeO2)0.70 (B2O3)0.30]0.7 (ZnO)0.3}1-y (Nd2O3)y where, y = 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05; was fabricated via melt-quenched technique. The third-order optical nonlinearity was observed by using Z-scan technique. Polarizability and third-order nonlinearity of borotellurite glass doped with neodymium (Nd3+) will be reported. This work presents the effect of neodymium ions on the linear and nonlinear optical performance of borotellurite glass for potential photonics applications. The structure and optical performance of the resulting transparent neodymium doped borotellurite glass are characterized. The reduction of optical band gap energy, Eg is observed which shows the alteration of tellurite structure by the Nd3+. The values of electronic polarizability are enhanced with an increase of Nd3+ ions. The enhancement of electronic polarizability provides an excellent medium for nonlinear optical applications. The optical basicity of the investigated materials shows non-linear trend along with Nd3+ ions concentration. The Z-scan data for third-order optical nonlinearities suggest that the glass materials are excellent to be used as a medium in nonlinear optical fiber. Therefore, the investigated glass materials may provide a good material for photonic applications.

Optical and NIR luminescence spectral studies: Nd3+-doped borosilicate glasses

Nd3+-doped borosilicate glasses with molar composition 20B2O3+ (45-x) SiO2 +20K2CO3+5Na2CO3+10LiF + xNd2O3 were prepared by conventional melt-quenching technique. Structural and optical properties of the proposed glasses were studied using XRD, FTIR, UV–Visible absorption, excitation and NIR emission spectroscopy. Judd-Ofelt theory was applied to the absorption spectrum of 1.0 mol% Nd3+-doped borosilicate glass to estimate the JO intensity parameters (Ω2, Ω4, Ω6). From this theory, various radiative properties like radiative transition probabilities (AT), branching ratios (βr) and stimulated emission cross section (σemi) were determined and reported. The measured lifetimes for theF3/24 level were decreased with increase in Nd3+ concentrations. Moreover, the optical energy gap was calculated for direct and indirect optical transitions. The higher stimulated emission cross section (5.84622 × 10−20 cm2), optical gain (142.64 × 10−25 cm2s), quantum efficiency (77%), and low threshold (1.71 W/m2) indicate that 1.0 mol% Nd3+-doped borosilicate glass could be potential gain medium for solid state NIR laser application at 1.06 μm.