Increase In International Tourism Research Articles

Confirming the Receipts of International Tourism in Indonesia after the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analyzed with Macroeconomic Indicators

This study aims to analyze International Tourism Receipts in Indonesia with the variables of International Trade, Inflation, and Exchange Rates during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis technique used to answer the problem is regression analysis using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. This type of research data uses secondary data obtained from the World Bank, Central Statistics Agency, and Bank Indonesia during the 2002-2022 period. The results of research analysis show that 1) the International Trade variable has a significant negative effect on International Tourism Receipts in Indonesia during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The stability of international trade fluctuates, tends to decrease, but after the COVID-19 pandemic and the relaxation of social distancing policies, there has been an increase in international tourism. 2) The Inflation variable has a significant negative effect on International Tourism Receipts in Indonesia. A higher inflation rate increases living and travel costs, then reduces tourist interest. 3) The exchange rate variable has a significant and positive effect toward international tourism receipts. The increase of dollar exchange rate against the rupiah, will increase tourist interest in Indonesia. The implications of the results of this research are important for stakeholders and tourism sector companies so that they can continuously increase International Tourism Receipts in Indonesia through keeping macroeconomic indicators consisting of International Trade, Inflation and Exchange in Indonesia.

The current state of development of international tourism

Over the past two decades, tourism has become one of the most profitable sectors of the world economy. The last three years for the development of international tourism have been difficult. 2020–2021 were problematic due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, there was a rapid increase in international tourism, but this growth was complicated by military operations on the territory of Ukraine and restrictions imposed on Russia. The article discusses the importance of tourism for the world economy and for national economies.

Inbound tourism and income inequality: the role of banking sector development

This study empirically confirms the nonlinear effects of banking sector development on the inbound tourism–income inequality nexus by adopting the panel smooth transition regression model for 102 economies. Findings for the full sample suggest that although inbound tourism can reduce income inequality, this effect gradually weakens as the banking sector develops. In high-income economies, an increase in international tourism receipts first exacerbates and then decreases income inequality as the banking sector develops. Moreover, a well-developed banking sector could improve income distribution. In low-income economies, the international tourism receipts–inequality nexus differs from the international tourist arrivals–inequality nexus under various levels of banking sector development. International tourism receipts initially decrease income inequality and then increase it when the banking sector develops to a certain degree. However, international tourist arrivals first deteriorate income distribution and then improve it as the banking sector develops. From a policy perspective, appropriate policies should be implemented to achieve a balance between the banking sector, inbound tourism, and income inequality in high-income and low-income economies and ensure sustainable development.

Impact of international tourism receipts on public revenue in developed and developing countries

Purpose This paper aims to investigate empirically how international tourism receipts influence public revenue, in particular non-resource revenue. Design/methodology/approach The analysis relies on an unbalanced panel of 156 countries (including both developed and developing countries) over the period 1995-2015. The empirical analysis uses the two-step system generalized methods of moments estimator. Findings The empirical results show that international tourism receipts exert a positive and significant impact on non-resource tax revenue. In addition, this effect increases as countries' development levels rise, which signifies that in terms of non-resource tax revenue, an increase in international tourism receipts benefit much more to advanced economies than to less advanced economies. Research limitations/implications These findings call for governments notably in developing countries to develop the tourism sector and concurrently to strengthen tax administrations (and possibly design appropriate tax policy for the tourism sector) to derive the full advantage in terms of public revenue from the rise in international tourism receipts. Practical implications The analysis highlights the importance of international tourism receipts for public revenue. This would help scholars and policymakers have a clearer view, at least in terms of magnitude, on the impact of international tourism receipts on non-resource tax revenue. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is first the study that investigates this topic.

Inoculation Eschars and Fever: A Case of African Tick Bite Fever

African tick bite fever is caused by the intracellular bacteria Rickettsia africae. This bacterium is transmitted through the bite of the Amblyomma tick, which carries a high rate of R. africae infection. African tick bite fever is the second most frequent cause of fever in travelers returning from sub-Saharan Africa.We present the case of a 58-year-old man, returning from South Africa, with a three-day history of fever, generalized headache and cervical myalgia. On physical examination multiple inoculation eschars and tender inguinal lymph nodes were documented.Histological examination of a skin lesion was compatible with spotted fever and the diagnosis of R. africae infection was confirmed through polymerase chain reaction analysis.The global increase in international tourism, particularly to remote areas, predisposes to tick bites. In febrile tourists returning from endemic areas and after a thorough clinical examination, the diagnosis of African tick bite fever should be born in mind.

Tourism and Poverty Reduction in Mexico: An ARDL Cointegration Approach

The objective of this paper was to investigate, with respect to the case of Mexico, the relationship between international tourism and the magnitude of poverty during the period of 1980–2017, through the use of an autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) cointegration model with a structural break. The econometric results obtained in this paper indicate that there is a long-term relationship between international tourism and the reduction of poverty. It was found that for every 1% increase in international tourism, household consumption per capita increases 0.46% (and, therefore, poverty decreases). In the short term, it was found that a 1% increase in international tourism leads to a 0.11% increase in household consumption per capita (a decrease in poverty). The coefficient of the error correction model indicates that 23.9% of any movement into disequilibrium is corrected within one year. To corroborate these results, a Toda–Yamamoto Granger causality test was carried out, indicating a unidirectional causality relationship from international tourism towards the reduction of poverty.

An exotic abscess within the United Kingdom from The Gambia: a case report

BackgroundFuruncular myiasis is a parasitic infection of a live mammal by fly larvae commonly seen in Africa. However, with an increase in international tourism, there is a significant rise in exotic infection in non-endemic areas which can pose a diagnostic challenge to doctors and potentially lead to delay in treatment. From the current literature, only 12 cases were reported in the UK.Case presentationWe report an unusual case of multiple abscesses in a 32-year-old white British woman presenting to our Emergency department in the UK after returning from a holiday in The Gambia, West Africa. She did not complain of systemic symptoms and was otherwise fit and healthy with no significant past medical history. During examination, two maggots were expressed from the abscesses by applying lateral pressure to each lesion. The larvae were found to be Cordylobia anthropophaga. She was discharged with antibiotics to prevent secondary infection with no further follow-up.ConclusionWith globalization, the need for increasing awareness of tropical diseases has become important to win the battle against future epidemics.

Perceptions and Preferences of Wellness Travel Destinations of American Travelers

It could be argued that wellness tourism is as old as tourism itself, with early travelers voyaging to sites in ancient Greece and Rome for purposes of physical, emotional and spiritual wellness. With the increase in international tourism since World War Two to over one billion international tourists in 2013, wellness tourism too has gained momentum. While there is not one agreed upon definition of wellness in general, let alone wellness tourism, research has shown several key characteristics. In particular that wellness tourism is about seeking and creating, it is hence active and not passive (Smith & Kelly, 2006). While all tourism by definition involves travel outside of one’s usual place of residence, wellness tourism is mainly defined by domestic travel to enhance or maintain health, while medical tourism involves increasingly international travel for purposes of seeking treatment for a medical condition (Voigt et al , 2010).

From stillness to motion: 80 years after the first description of Taenia solium oncosphere hatching

BackgroundHuman neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a considered public health problem in many underdeveloped and developing countries. Because of the enormous increase in international tourism and migration, NCC nowadays is also found in some developed countries. Our group was the first to demonstrate that tapeworm carriers in the household are the main risk factor for acquiring cysticercosis in humans and pigs, since the disease results from the ingestion of microscopic tapeworm eggs.FindingsWe had the opportunity to film the liberation of the embryo from the oncospheral membrane after the hatching of the egg, which is the activation process required for intestinal wall invasion by the onchosphere. Yoshino (J Formosa Med Ass 32:139-142, 1933) described with great detail in diagrams and photographs this process eighty years ago after he infected himself with three living cysticerci in order to study the life cycle of Taenia solium. Other authors further described this process. Nevertheless it has never been filmed before. The purpose of this paper is to shift from stillness to motion since we can now show for the first time a movie of an activated oncosphere and its release from the oncospheral membrane.ConclusionOncospheral activation is the requisite for T. solium embryos to invade the intestinal mucosa and develop into cysticerci. This process has been amply described but here it is shown for the first time in motion; thus it may be of interest for readers of the journal and useful for educational purposes towards the control of NCC.

The Culture of New Mobility in Russia: Networks and Flows Formation

The paper considers the development of the culture of new mobility in Russia from the perspective of the quantitative analysis of the changes occurring in the structure of traffic movements and flows and communication using mobile phones, the internet, and other mobile gadgets. The culture of mobility is defined as a set of the interactions which are carried out apropos and during mobility. It is argued that the culture of new mobility in Russia is specified by the processes of ‘individualization’ and ‘networked individualism’. This conclusion is inferred from the rapid growth of individualized automobility, from the considerable increase in international tourism and from the widespread prevalence of mobile gadgets as indispensable attributes of everyday life.

Taeniasis and cysticercosis due to Taenia solium in Japan

Taenia solium is a zoonotic cestode that causes taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans. The parasite is traditionally found in developing countries where undercooked pork is consumed under poor sanitary conditions and/or as part of traditional food cultures. However, the recent increase in international tourism and immigration is spreading the disease into non-endemic developed countries such as the United States. Although there has been concern that the number of cysticercosis cases is increasing in Japan, the current situation is not clear. This is largely because taeniasis and cysticercosis are not notifiable conditions in Japan and because there have been no comprehensive reviews of T. solium infections in Japan conducted in the last 15 years. Herein, we provide an overview of the status of T. solium infection in Japan over the past 35 years and point out the potential risks to Japanese society.

Himalayan Herding Is Alive and Well: The Economics of Pastoralism in the Langtang Valley

Like people everywhere, Langtang villagers pursue economic strategies that are structured by physical, social and economic conditions operating at the local, regional, national and even global levels. Together, these conditions shape the community's ability to adapt, survive and even prosper in a relatively harsh and marginal environment. Although the Langtang economy has diversified over the last twenty years, mainly with an increase in international tourism and the availability of government and non-government salaried positions, clearly agropastoralism continues to play a key role in household economic strategies. With 82 percent of Langtang households owning at least some livestock in 1997–1998, the pastoral sector remains a pervasive force in the valley.

Managing Tourism in the 1990s and Beyond

The near-meteoric increase in international tourism in the past four decades has attracted the attention of world leaders and benefited a global travel of industry. Unfortunately, to date most American universities have failed to recognize the importance of tourism as a field of study. Training has been limited primarily to hotel and resort management or to two-year programs geared for entry-level airlines and industry service personnel at a few community colleges. Consequently, information about careers in tourism has been very limited.