Increase In Breastfeeding Rates Research Articles

Грудное вскармливание в неонатологических отделениях: современные вызовы и их решение

Introduction. Breast milk from birth is extremely important for the care, health and development of premature and sick babies. Neonatal departments of obstetric and pediatric hospitals play a key role in maintaining breast feeding. Aim of the study . Breastfeeding practice evaluation support in the pathology of newborns and premature babies department of Tambov Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital 4 years after receiving the status of WHO/UNICEF “Baby-Friendly Hospital”. Patients and methods . 356 mothers were surveyed at admission and 327 at discharge from the department. To process the results we used the IBM SPSS.19 statistical program. We determine distribution frequencies, average values, standard deviation, Student’s t -coefficient. Results . The introduction of 10 successful breast feeding steps in neonatal units for sick and premature infants has resulted in an increase in breast feeding rates. Breast feeding rates were 89.4 % at discharge; 71.9 % at admission ( p < 0.0001), including exclusive breast feeding - 66.5% and 45.3 %, respectively ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion . In neonatal unit of Tambov Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital successfully supported breast feeding, based on current international recommendations. Nevertheless, breast feeding rates can be significantly improved by achieving continuity in the work of maternity hospitals and children’s hospitals, as well as optimizing the work of expression, storage and use of expressed native breast milk in the department.

Reducing child mortality: the contribution of Ceará state, northeast of Brazil, on achieving the Millennium Development Goal 4 in Brazil.

To describe the experience of Ceará, Northeast of Brazil, state on improving child survival, over a 20year period, and discuss its contribution to Brazil's progress toward the achievement of MDG 4. Five population-based, statewide household surveys, with children <3years of age, known as PESMIC (Mother and Child Health Survey of Ceará), were conducted in 1987, 1990, 1994, 2001 and 2007. They aimed to investigate levels and causes of mortality and access to child health services. The cluster sampling of 8,000 households identified 2,000 children on average. They used the same methodological approach and indicators. Important changes occurred in demographic and health indicators in the 20year period, including 81% reduction in the infant mortality rate, 43% increase in breastfeeding rate and the achievement of a 95% immunization rate. The prevalence of chronic malnutrition declined from 28 to 13% and acute malnutrition from 13 to 5%. Diarrheal diseases contributed with 36.6% to the infant mortality in 1986 and 3.9% in 2007. The major improvements in child health contributed substantially to the progress on MDG 4 in Brazil. Results of the 5 surveys produced reliable information for planning and evaluation that contributed to the remarkable progress made by the state.

Trends of early infant feedings practices after counseling in infant born to HIV positive women in Yaoundé, Cameroon.

The objective is to describe the trends of infant feedings choices in HIV context after infant feeding counseling. Descriptive retrospective study: Infant feeding counseling (IFC) sessions were offered to HIV pregnant women by the same team of counselors from April 2008 to December 2012. Counseling content was promoting either exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) or exclusive formula feeding (EFF) prior to 2010. Later on, versus EBF+ antiretroviral (ARV) drug given either to the mother or the infant or EFF was the gold standard. Mixed feeding was prohibited. Infants feeding were practices recorded at the first post natal visit. Main measurement: rate of EBF/ EFF per year and period. We included a total of 1114 live-born babies. During the five year the overall rate of EBF and EFF stood at 41% and 59% respectively. The rate of EBF/EFF was recorded as follow: varies from 25/75% in year one to 52/48% in year five(p≤0.001). The rate of mixed was virtually cancelled during the same period, 3/237 (1.2%) in year one to period 1/165 (0.6%) in the latest period. In conclusion, in Yaoundé, there is a slight increase in breastfeeding rate among HIV exposed infants during the first two months of life. Further investigations are required to confirm this tendency and analyze the new features of breastfeeding practices.

Education and Support for Fathers Improves Breastfeeding Rates

Studies have identified numerous factors affecting breastfeeding initiation and duration, including maternal education, mode of delivery, birth weight, socioeconomic status, and support of the infant's father. The objective was to investigate the effects of an antenatal education session and postnatal support targeted to fathers. The Fathers Infant Feeding Initiative (FIFI Study) is a randomized controlled trial to increase the initiation and duration of breastfeeding that was conducted in 8 public maternity hospitals in Perth, Western Australia. A total of 699 couples were randomized within hospitals to either intervention or control groups. The intervention consisted of a 2-hour antenatal education session and postnatal support provided to fathers. The any breastfeeding rate for the intervention group was significantly greater at 6 weeks: 81.6% in the intervention group compared to 75.2% in the control group, odds ratio 1.46 (95% CI, 1.01-2.13). After adjustment for age and hospital, the odds ratio for any breastfeeding in the intervention group was 1.58 (1.06-2.35) and for socioeconomic status (SES), 1.56 (1.06-2.30). The infants of older fathers were more likely to be breastfed at 6 weeks compared to infants of younger fathers (P < .01), and infants of fathers with high SES more likely than infants of fathers with low SES (P = .013). Even a small increase in breastfeeding rates brings public health benefits. In this study, a minimal intervention was found to significantly increase any breastfeeding at 6 weeks: 81.6% in the intervention group compared to 75.2% in the control group.

The Baby-Friendly Journey in a US Public Hospital

In May of 2007, San Francisco General Hospital & Trauma Center became the first Baby-Friendly certified hospital in San Francisco. This quality improvement program began in 1999 and took 8 years to complete. Challenges to completing this goal included a population that has myriad social issues including non-English-speaking clients, drug abuse, poverty, and homelessness. Further complications included a constantly changing group of perinatal healthcare providers with little-to-no breast-feeding knowledge, hospital practices that did not support rooming-in and skin-to-skin contact, and lack of overall patient breast-feeding education. This article describes the process of implementing The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative quality improvement program, achieving certification and subsequent increase in breast-feeding rates. Breast-feeding initiation rates went from 81% in 2002 to 98% in 2010. Exclusivity rates did not change.

OP09.12: The effects of two‐dimensional ultrasound alone versus two‐ plus three‐/four‐dimensional ultrasound on maternal anxiety and breast feeding: a randomized study

To test the hypothesis that the use of 3D/4DUS plus 2DUS can reduce anxiety to a greater extent and improve breastfeeding rate in women at risk of having a fetus with congenital abnormalities than the use of 2DUS alone. A total of 124 women attending the prenatal diagnostic clinic of a teaching hospital were randomized into the intervention (2DUS followed by 3D/4DUS) or control (2DUS alone) group. One operator performed all the ultrasound examinations. The primary outcome was maternal anxiety levels which were assessed by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The secondary outcome was breastfeeding rate. We measured the anxiety levels in all women at the first visit, around 18 weeks' (immediately after ultrasound examinations) and finally at 28 weeks' gestation. A short-term reduction of state- anxiety score (by around two) from the first visit to after ultrasound examinations was similarly observed in both the intervention group and control group. Repeated measures ANOVA showed that there was no significant interaction effect between groups and time of assessment on the state-anxiety scores (F value = 1.072 and P value = 0.344). There was also no significant difference in the breastfeeding rate on discharge from the hospital after delivery between the control group (33.3%) and the intervention group (43.6%). About 80% of women reported a better understanding that their baby was normal after viewing 3D than 2D images. This randomized study indicates that the addition of 3D/4DUS does not cause a significant reduction on maternal anxiety or increase in breastfeeding rate in pregnancies at risk of fetal abnormalities compared with conventional 2DUS alone.