Increase In Alanine Transaminase Activity Research Articles

The Study of Alanine Transaminase Activity in Tissues of Silkworm (Bombyx mori) via Direct Analysis in Real-Time (DART) Mass Spectrometry.

Alanine transaminase (ALT) is an important amino acid-metabolizing enzyme in silkworm Bombyx mori L., and is mainly involved in transferring glutamate to alanine (serving as an essential precursor in silk protein synthesis) through transamination. Therefore, it is generally believed that silk protein synthesis in the silk gland and the cocoon quantity increase with the increase in ALT activity to a certain extent. Here, a novel analytical method was developed to determine the ALT activity in several key tissues of Bombyx mori L. including the posterior silk gland, midgut, fat body, middle silk gland, trachea and hemolymph, by combining the direct-analysis-in-real-time (DART) ion source with a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer. In addition, a traditional ALT activity assay, the Reitman-Frankel method, was also used to measure ALT activity for comparison. The ALT activity results obtained via the DART-MS method are in good agreement with those obtained via the Reitman-Frankel method. However, the present DART-MS method provides a more convenient, rapid and environmentally friendly quantitative method for ALT measurement. Especially, this method can also monitor ALT activity in different tissues of Bombyx mori L. in real time.

The effect of different concentrations of metformin in the liver and kidney functions for diabatic induced male rats.

The aimed of the study to determination the effects of reducing diabetes drug "Metformin" on the liver and kidney function by number of biochemical parameters, including two liver enzymes: Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and concentration of kidney function in the blood serum urea, and uric acid. male albino rats,which were used in this study. The results showed an increase in ALT activity, as well as the status of ALP activity. The concentrations of urea, and uric acid increase significantly (P≤0.05) in serum of rats the animals that were given alloxan compared to the control group. The concentrations of these enzymes decreased in the third and fourth groups of animals that were dosed with metformin at a concentration of 500,850 mg compared with the alloxan group. The group treated with metformin at a concentration of 850 mg was revealed three times the lower activities of all enzymes throughout the study period.

Subacute poisoning with bifenthrin increases the level of interleukin 1\xdf in mice kidneys and livers

BackgroundBifenthrin is a pyrethroid. Chronic exposure of humans to the pesticide occurs. Reports about immunotoxicity and proinflammatory effect of pyrethroids were published. The aim of the article was to check if subacute poisoning with bifenthrin affects proinflammatory interleukin 1ß and tumor necrosis factorα (TNFα) in kidneys, livers and the function of these organs.MethodsThirty two female mice were used. They were divided into 4 groups: controls, mice receiving 1.61 mg/kg bifenthrin for 28 days (group 1), 4.025 mg/kg (2), 8.05 mg/kg (3). On day 29 they were sacrificed, blood, livers and kidneys were obtained. Creatinine concentration and alanine transaminase (ALT) activity were estimated in the blood sera. Interleukin1ß and TNFα concentrations in the organs were measured.ResultMean interleukin 1ß concentration in the livers of controls was 53 pg/ml, in group 1- 54 pg/ml, 2- 59 pg/ml, 3- 99 pg/ml (p < 0.05 vs controls). It was accompanied by significant increase in ALT activity in group 3 vs controls (p < 0.05). In the control kidneys interleukin 1ß was 3.9 pg/ml, group 1–6.8 pg/ml, 2–9.8 pg/ml and 3- 11 pg/ml. Statistically significant difference between group 1, 2 and 3 vs controls was found. There was no significant differences among the groups in TNFα concentrations neither in the livers nor kidneys.ConclusionSubacute poisoning with bifenthrin significantly increases interleukin 1ß concentration in livers and kidneys in a dose-proportionate level. It is accompanied by ALT activity increase. It confirms nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic and pro-inflammatory effect of bifenthrin in non-target organisms.

Effect of 28-Day Exposure to Fenpropathrin on the Activities of Serum Alanine Transaminase and Liver Antioxidant Enzymes in Mice

Abstract Fenpropathrin (FEN) was administered intraperitoneally in doses of 2.38 mg/kg, 5.9 5mg/kg, or 11.9 mg/kg b.w. to mice for 28 consecutive days. FEN did not significantly affect the activity of alanine transaminase (ALT) in the sera. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly elevated in the liver after a 28-d exposure to moderate or highest doses of the pesticide. These results demonstrate that the 28-day exposure to FEN leads to an up-regulation of expression of antioxidant enzymes in response to an oxidative stress in mouse liver without causing a significant increase in ALT activity.

Effect of partial hepatectomy and pregnancy on tumor growth and alanine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase activity.

SummaryConsequences related to the metabolic requirements for growth of new tissues during fetal development and liver regeneration were studied with regard to: 1) activity of a transaminase enzyme, alanine-α-ketoglutarate transaminase; 2) growth of Walker carcinoma 256; and 3) response of the enzyme and the tumor to treatment with cortisol. The livers of pregnant or partially hepatectomized rats did not show an increase in alanine transaminase activity after administration of cortisol at doses which produced a significant response of this enzyme in normal control animals. The growth of the Walker carcinoma 256 in partially hepatectomized rats and pregnant animals was inhibited by 40% and 80%, rspectively. While liver regeneration in tumor-bearing animals was retarded by 50%, the growing tumor had no observable effect on fetal development. Alanine transaminase activity was below normal endogenous levels in both regenerating liver and liver from pregnant rats.

Inhibition of hepatic alanine transaminase activity in response to treatment with 11-deoxycorticosterone.

SummaryDaily administration of DOC for short periods resulted in a 60 to 70% depression in liver alanine transaminase activity. Adrenalectomy also caused a decrease in activity of alanine transaminase, but no further reduction in the level of this enzyme was observed upon treatment with DOC. Treatment with ACTH resulted in an increase in alanine transaminase activity in hypophysectomized rats, but not in adrenalectomized animals. Administration of DOC to hypophysectomized rats failed to lower alanine transaminase, nor did it alter the response of this enzyme to treatment with ACTH. The inhibitory effect of DOC on alanine transaminase activity appears to be due to suppression of ACTH release by the pituitary.