Incorrect Methods Research Articles

Epidemiological Investigation of the Foreign Body in the Ear, How to Treat It and Its Complications in the Hospital Kamkar-Arabnia in Qom in 2019

Background: A foreign object in the ear is a relatively common emergency, and failure to remove it properly or using incorrect methods can cause irreparable damage. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of foreign bodies in the ear, their treatment, and associated complications at Kamkar-Arabnia Hospital in Qom in 2019. Methods: This descriptive study used a census method to include 102 patients referred to Kamkar-Arabnia Hospital with complaints of foreign bodies in the ear. Data were collected using a checklist that included demographic and hospital information, and then analyzed using SPSS 18 with descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The study included 102 participants with an average age of 12.41 ± 7.11 years. Most participants were male (58.9%, n = 60), and the age distribution was as follows: 0 - 6 years (49%, n = 50), 6 - 12 years (30.4%, n = 31), 12-18 years (13.7%, n = 14), and over 18 years (6.9%, n = 7). The most common foreign body was seeds (35.2%, n = 36). Complications were observed in 41.4% of cases, with the majority occurring in the age group of 0-6 years. In this age group, seeds were the most common foreign body, whereas in the age groups 6 - 12 years and 12 - 18 years, seeds were also prevalent. For individuals over 18 years, common foreign bodies included matchsticks, cotton, and plastic. Only 22 patients required anesthesia for removal. Among the age groups 0 - 6, 6 - 12, and 12 - 18 years, most foreign bodies were removed without complications, whereas 5 individuals over 18 years experienced canal bleeding. Conclusions: The study highlights the need for effective preventive measures to avoid the entry of foreign substances in children, emphasizing the importance of proper management to prevent complications.

Analysis Product Control in Minimizing Skincare Product Returns (Case Study on Pt. CBD)

PT. CBD is a company that imports and distributes skincare cosmetics from Korea. The product distribution process flow often results in product returns which cause losses for the company. For this reason, this research aims to analyze the most specific reasons for product returns and find out the factors that cause product returns. Of the total number of returns, there were 14,901 pcs in 2022 and the largest return was in the Sheetmask (CA-10) category, 6,574 pcs. To minimize this, the Seven Tools and 5W1H methods are used . After further research, it was discovered that the results obtained showed that the most specific reason for returns was due to aging stock or goods with a shelf life of more than 3 months with the highest percentage of product returns being 51%, while the company's safe return limit must not exceed 15%. The main factor is that these returns are caused by human factors, namely lack of employee discipline regarding SOPs due to incorrect stock monitoring analysis methods or lack of control over the delivery of goods, so they have to carry out product planning properly and then create a checksheet to control the incoming and outgoing goods.

A new approach in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) industry: "Turkish Salmon" production and marketing trends

With favorable environmental conditions and the adoption of new technologies, Türkiye has 1703 enterprises producing trout as of 2022. These enterprises collectively produce 167,286 tons of trout per year, including portioned fish (200-250 g), fillet candidates (400-600 g), and fillets (known as Turkish Salmon) (>3000 g). The production chain for Turkish Salmon involves hatcheries, dam lake net cage systems, and offshore net cage systems. There are 680 hatcheries producing trout eggs and fry, with a total annual production of 1,360,029,485 eggs. Additionally, 622 pond/dam lake net cage systems are used for producing Turkish Salmon candidates weighing 400-600 g, with a total production capacity of 163,525,079 kg per year. Offshore net cage systems in the Black Sea region, spread across six provinces, are utilized for Turkish Salmon production. Production planning is underway for two provinces, with a total planned production area of 15,650,000 m2 and a projected capacity of 221,188,000 kg per year. Türkiye is actively involved in the global aquaculture sector, paying close attention to its advancements. Türkiye has a strong egg/juvenile production capacity compared to other countries involved in trout production globally. However, the importation of biotechnology-applied and observed eggs continues, posing biological and genetic risks to Türkiye's natural aquatic areas. Over the past 20 years, Türkiye's trout production has grown significantly, reaching 167,286 tons per year, marking it as a significant food production industry. This success can be attributed to favorable environmental conditions, increasing consumer demand, the adoption of new technologies, and consistent investments. However, the rapid growth in the trout farming sector over the past five years has led to an uncontrollable decline in survival rates. This decline can be attributed to the spread of diseases, incorrect treatment methods, improper breeding management practices, flawed business management, unregulated fish transport, and compromised sanitary and environmental conditions.

Factors affecting the quantity and quality of honey bee venom collected from entrance and inside the beehive under Egyptian conditions

Modern medicine has rediscovered the therapeutic properties of honey bee venom (HBV), a crucial byproduct of beehives. Since HBV has the potential to treat several diseases, a thorough evaluation of its quality and production practices is necessary through the measurement of chemical composition. The aim of this work is to comprehend how the season and beehive harvesting location (inside or entrance) impact the quality and production. The changes in the components, when HBV is collected from the entrance or within the hives and during different seasons, were studied using each set of 20 colonies. Since samples were measured every month from April to September 2021. The findings revealed that the collection site on the beehives, and season affect insignificantly on the amounts of the components that had been evaluated. While, seasons were found to differ significantly in the amounts of collected bee venom between inside and outside beehives which scored 0.030 ± 0.003 and 0.072 ± 0.002g in spring with outside and inside bee hives, respectively, while reached 0.107 ± 0.001 and 0.194 ± 0.011g in summer with outside and inside bee hives, respectively. However, the most important factors that affect the quality of HBV may be the incorrect harvesting and storage methods used by beekeepers.

Translocation of a fish spike from the pharynx to the thyroid gland: A case report

BACKGROUND A fish spike stuck in the throat is a common ear, nose, and throat (ENT) emergency. However, it is very rare for a fish spike to reach the thyroid tissue through the throat, which is very dangerous and can lead to pharyngeal fistula, cervical abscess, mediastinal abscess, and thyroid abscess. Proper and timely management can help reduce complications, especially in elderly patients. CASE SUMMARY In the case presented here, the causative factor was dentures, but improper management aggravated the condition. In the case presented here, an elderly woman with a history of accidentally swallowing fish bones for 20 d had a sensation of foreign bodies in her throat. Eventually, computed tomography (CT) of the neck showed that the left side of the thyroid gland had a dense shadow in the form of a stripe. CONCLUSION If a fishbone foreign body is not visible during endoscopic examination but the patient has significant symptoms, the surgeon should be aware that the fishbone may be lodged in the thyroid. To avoid a misdiagnosis, ultrasound, CT, and other tests can be used to clarify the diagnosis. T The first step in treating a fish bone in the thyroid gland is to determine the position of the foreign body and the extent of the infection, and to develop a personalized surgical plan for its removal. At the same time, scientific information should be made available to the general public so that people know that if a fish bone is accidentally lodged, they should not force it to be swallowed or be spit out by inducing vomiting, which are incorrect methods and may aggravate the condition or even cause it to migrate outside the cavity, leading to serious complications, as in this reported case.

The effectiveness of jaya optimization for energy aware cluster based routing in wireless sensor networks

The Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly impacted human life, enhancing quality of life and transforming various commercial sectors. The sensor nodes in the IoT are interconnected to facilitate the passage of data to the sink node over the network. Due to the constraints of battery power, energy in the nodes is preserved through the utilization of clustering techniques. Choosing a Cluster Head (CH) is crucial for prolonging the network's lifespan and increasing its throughput during the clustering process. Numerous optimization techniques have been developed to select the best Cluster Head (CH) to enhance energy efficiency in network nodes. Therefore, using incorrect CH selection methods leads to longer convergence times and faster depletion of sensor batteries. This research proposes a method that incorporates a CH selection strategy using the Jaya optimization method. The proposed methodology is evaluated against existing algorithms in terms of network longevity and energy efficiency. The simulation results indicate that the Jaya optimization algorithm-based CH selection scheme (Jaya-EEC) is much more effective in terms of network longevity compared to LEACH, LEACH-E, and PSO-C. Specifically, Jaya-EEC outperforms LEACH by 72%, LEACH-E by 64%, and PSO-C by 60%.

Особливості ураження трійчастого нерва при стоматологічних захворюваннях: надання невідкладної допомоги

Summary. Usually, the clinical basis of neurostomatological diseases is the lesion of various parts of the nervous system that provide innervation of the oral cavity and face. The main nerves whose damage leads to the development of neurostomatological diseases are the trigeminal, facial, intermediate, lingual, vagus and hyoid nerves. Among them, the trigeminal nerve system is most often affected. The causes can be odontogenic diseases such as pathological processes of the dentition and ineffective or incorrect methods of their treatment (traumatic complex tooth extraction, including the presence of bone fragments, root remnants in the socket, pulpitis and periodontitis, galvanisation phenomena when using various methods for filling and prosthetics, poorly made dentures, gingivitis, etc.) In the lecture, we tried to highlight the lesions of the trigeminal nerve system in dental diseases, emergency care, treatment and rehabilitation. Key words: trigeminal neuralgia, dental diseases, emergency care.

Unraveling the Molecular Basis of Stabilizing Selection by Experimental Evolution.

Stabilizing selection provides a challenge to molecular population genetics. Although stabilizing selection is ubiquitous, its genomic signature is difficult to distinguish from demographic signals. Experimental evolution provides a promising approach to characterize genomic regions exposed to stabilizing selection. A recent experimental evolution study of Aedes aegypti populations evolving either with or without sexual selection found a pattern of genetic differentiation suggestive of relaxed stabilizing selection. I argue that this study could not have detected the signal of relaxed stabilizing selection. I highlight why incorrect statistical methods resulted in a high number of false positive candidate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and discuss the fallacy of functional validation of candidate SNPs for polygenic traits by RNA-mediated knockdown.

ChatGPT and other AIs: Personal relief and limitations among mathematics-oriented learners

Mathematics utilizes symbolic language, logics, relationships, and numerical connections that made it challenging for students to learn and develop their computational skills. Recently, artificial intelligence emerged as a supplement tool for education and learning because of its ability to detect relationships and logics. Academic institutions are looking on how to implement AI-assisted learning specifically for mathematics to aid in increasing the quantitative competence of students. This study analyzed the relief and limitations of AI chat models in learning among mathematics-oriented students in higher education. Fifteen students participated in this study from mathematics-oriented courses e.g., engineering, statistics, and education. Interviews were conducted on how students used AI chat models to assist in learning mathematical concepts and methods. Narratives indicated that AI chat models like ChatGPT and Bard were capable of accurately responding to chat prompts in problem solving, proving, and explanations. It was prominent that these AI models understood the mathematical language and use of symbols for integration, derivatives, limit, fractions, exponentials, and intervals. At some instances, AI models could give inaccurate results or incorrect methods for solving; they also sometimes give correct answers on second run of chat prompts after these mistakes. These results had promising implications in education as these accessible AI models could reinforce the firsthand learning of mathematical foundations. This preliminary study offered important usability of AI models in mathematics in assisting students and monitoring their learning progress.

Analysis on the Causes and Countermeasures of Mechanical and Electrical Transportation Accidents in Coal Mines

There are many types of mechanical and electrical equipment involved in current coal mine mechanical and electrical transportation, and many workers are not familiar with the operation of mechanical and electrical equipment. Improper operation often leads to operational failures of coal mine mechanical and electrical equipment. The important reason for this phenomenon is that the transportation management of underground mechanical and electrical equipment is not in place, and there may also be incorrect and unreasonable management methods. This situation will directly hinder coal mining work and exacerbate the threat to the safety of workers' lives. Therefore, coal mining enterprises must develop good management measures for underground mechanical and electrical equipment based on the current operating status of the equipment and the company's own development status, reduce operational accidents of mechanical and electrical equipment, and improve normal and stable production in the coal mine.

Identifying and Prioritising the Causes of Medication Errors in the Pharmacy

Abstract Introduction Medication errors can negatively impact the health of numerous individuals worldwide and even lead to fatalities, from incorrect timing, dosages, or methods of administration of drugs to mismanagement of drug interactions. Such errors can arise from patients and healthcare professionals in all stages of patient care. Therefore, all healthcare workers must pay attention to preventing medication errors, correctly managing encountered errors, and reporting them appropriately to ensure patient safety. Parallel to these, one of the FIP's development goals for pharmacists was also determined as Patient Safety. Despite various studies that have analysed medication errors from different perspectives, no study has thoroughly evaluated the causes of medication errors specific to community pharmacists. Aim This project aimed to identify and prioritise the causes of medication errors encountered in community pharmacies. Methods According to the aim of the study, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 16 community pharmacists in Van. Thematic analysis was conducted on the qualitative interview findings. Additionally, at the end of the qualitative interviews, a questionnaire was applied due to the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), to prioritize the causes of the medication errors. This study was conducted after Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Non-interventional Research Ethics Committee approved the study ethically (Date:18/11/2022, Decision No: 2022/11-25). This study is supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TUBITAK)’s 2209/2022 2nd term projects (Project No: 1919B012217783). Results Three main themes and 13 sub-themes were obtained. The study's results emphasise that communication gaps and manual prescriptions are the most significant causes of medication errors reported by pharmacists. As a result of the AHP, prescription errors (31.5%) were found to be the most encountered reason for medication errors, followed by medication knowledge gaps (25.7%). Discussion/Conclusion Pharmacists, aware of their responsibilities for patient and drug safety, also have an essential role in solving problems that cause medication errors. With this study, it is also seen that pharmacists show the necessary self-sacrifice and take precautions to minimize medication errors originating from the pharmacy. So, the findings obtained from this study are thought to have guiding implications for preventing medication errors.

Adalimumab Experience in the Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Burdened with Rapp-Hodgkin Syndrome

Background. Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome is a rare genetic disease from the ectodermal dysplasia group. It manifests with damage of ectodermal structures — layer of embrional tissue that provides the development of many organs and tissues in the body, such as: skin, sweat glands, hair, teeth, and nails. Disease symptoms may range from mild to severe and include dental abnormalities, fragile, thin or no hair, abnormal nails, hypohidrosis (due to the reduced number of sweat glands), cleft lips and palate. Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory disease that predominantly affects apocrine glands areas. This nosology is characterized by painful nodes, abscesses, and fistulas, prone to relapses and leading to scarring.Clinical case description. The authors present a clinical case demonstrating the combination of Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome and severe hidradenitis suppurativa in 17-year-old male patient.Conclusion. The heterogeneous clinical findings of hidradenitis suppurativa and history of rare genetic disease result in patients' admissions to various medical specialists. Thus, it leads to delayed verification of the diagnosis and incorrect treatment methods. As a result, patients have persistent cosmetic skin defects, possible complications of irrational treatment, and decreased quality of life by the time of diagnosis.

Analysis on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Home-Schooling

Due to the global outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in 2019, a large number of students could not receive regular education in schools. Therefore, many forms of alternative education emerged, the most common one is home-schooling, in which students learn under the supervision of their parents rather than teachers. However, home-schooling is controversial. In this paper, the author studies and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of home-schooling, and conclusions can be drawn that homeschooling can prevent students from being bullied on campus and help students carry out one-on-one efficient education, but there are also inconsistent education systems, incorrect education methods, and imbalances existing in home-schooling.

A Symmetric Ring Galaxy Model Explains the Rotation Curve of Galaxies

This paper proposes a symmetric ring galaxy (SRG) model based on the general structure of galaxies. Based on this model, we have obtained results that are consistent with the actual observation results of the galaxy rotation curve, thus solving the problem of inconsistency between the observation results of the galaxy rotation curve and the expected results, which has long plagued the astronomical community. This article also analyzes the root causes of the problem of galaxy rotation curves, and finds that the main reason is that people use unrealistic galaxy models and incorrect calculation methods. Therefore, the dark matter hypothesis and gravitational correction theory that explain the problem of galaxy rotation curves have lost their theoretical basis, and the correctness of these theories undoubtedly faces serious challenges and profound doubts.

Risk of data leakage in estimating the diagnostic performance of a deep-learning-based computer-aided system for psychiatric disorders

Deep-learning approaches with data augmentation have been widely used when developing neuroimaging-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems. To prevent the inflated diagnostic performance caused by data leakage, a correct cross-validation (CV) method should be employed, but this has been still overlooked in recent deep-learning-based CAD studies. The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of correct and incorrect CV methods on the diagnostic performance of deep-learning-based CAD systems after data augmentation. To this end, resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) data recorded from post-traumatic stress disorder patients and healthy controls were augmented using a cropping method with different window sizes, respectively. Four different CV approaches were used to estimate the diagnostic performance of the CAD system, i.e., subject-wise CV (sCV), overlapped sCV (oSCV), trial-wise CV (tCV), and overlapped tCV (otCV). Diagnostic performances were evaluated using two deep-learning models based on convolutional neural network. Data augmentation can increase the performance with all CVs, but inflated diagnostic performances were observed when using incorrect CVs (tCV and otCV) due to data leakage. Therefore, the correct CV (sCV and osCV) should be used to develop a deep-learning-based CAD system. We expect that our investigation can provide deep-insight for researchers who plan to develop neuroimaging-based CAD systems for psychiatric disorders using deep-learning algorithms with data augmentation.

Radiative corrections to neutron and nuclear β-decays: a serious kinematics problem in the literature

We report a serious kinematics problem in the bremsstrahlung photon part of the order-α outer (model independent) radiative correction calculations for those neutron (and nuclear beta) decay observables (like electron-neutrino correlation parameter measurement) where the proton (recoil particle) is detected. The so-called neutrino-type radiative correction calculations, which fix the neutrino direction in the bremsstrahlung photon integrals, use 3-body decay kinematics to connect the unobserved neutrino direction with the observed electron and proton (recoil particle) momenta. But the presence of the bremsstrahlung photon changes the kinematics from 3-body to 4-body one, and the accurate information about the recoil particle momentum is lost due to the integration with respect to the photon momentum. Therefore the application of the abovementioned 3-body decay kinematics connection for the radiative correction calculations, rather prevalent in the literature, is not acceptable. We show that the correct, so-called recoil-type radiative correction calculations, which fix the proton (recoil particle) momentum instead of the neutrino direction and use rather involved analytical, semianalytical or Monte Carlo bremsstrahlung integration methods, result usually in much larger corrections than the incorrect neutrino-type analytical methods.

STUDY OF TYPES OF INJURIES AND CAUSES OF THEIR OCCURRENCE IN VARIOUS SPORTS

It is known that excessive workload during trainings and competitions, doing sports at an early age, using incorrect training methods, as well as violations of their rules and norms contribute to the appearance of various injuries among the trainees. This leads not only to health disorders and to termination of training, but also sometimes leads to disability. The aim of the research is to study the types of injuries and traumas according to sports and the causes of their occurrence. In the course of the research, the study and analysis of literary sources on the problem, psycho-pedagogical research and observations were used. During the research, certain data were obtained according to the frequency of injuries in various sports. According to the coaches, injuries are more common in martial arts and in game types. Questions and conversations with coaches have established that injuries are more likely to occur due to the athlete's poor health, fatigue and overexertion of various organs, in particular, the nervous system. More often, the cause of injuries is excessive competition and workload. It was also noted that slight and chronic injuries that occurred mainly among athletes with poor technical training in connection with participation in competitions led to nervous system tension. In order to prevent the occurrence of possible injuries in time, it is necessary to know the causes of their occurrence. Those reasons are violations in the process of organizing training, violations in the learning process, injury can be caused when the coach does not provide an individual approach to the athlete during training and competition, the use of sports equipment having certain inconsistencies or poor condition, uneven floor surface, poor position of mats, tracks and other equipment, etc. inconsistency of sports uniforms and shoes for athletes during training, violations of sanitary and hygienic conditions, insufficient research on the trainees’ health condition, incorrect use and underestimation of means and methods of insurance and assistance in the training process, violation of safety equipment rules. For the prevention of injuries, specialists of various sports can be guided by the percentage scale of the placement of injuries proposed and researched by us, depending on the characteristics of the sport.

Analysis of Errors in the Use of the ‘Adad Ma’dud of the Third Reguler of the Subject of Arabic Language Lessons in the Boarding School of Tarbiyatul Mu’allimin al-Islamiyah Prenduan Sumenep Madura

Third regular students made various forms of Arabic conversation and writing errors when using numbers (‘adad ma’dud). There are as many errors as when using ‘adad ma’dud. Given this situation, few learners make various mistakes when using ‘adad ma’dud for daily conversations or writing. The purpose of this study is to understand the forms and causes of errors, as well as how to solve the problem of students using quantity and counting in Third regular students in the boarding school of tarbiyatul mu’allimin al-islamiyah prenduan. Researchers used qualitative methods and descriptive types to collect data in a triangular manner through observation, interviews, and testing, in order to identify errors made by Third regular students in the boarding school of tarbiyatul mu’allimin al-islamiyah prenduan when using ‘adad ma’dud. The theme of this study is Third regular students in the boarding school of tarbiyatul mu’allimin al-islamiyah prenduan. The last thing about writing this study is that Third regular students made mistakes when using ‘adad ma’dud, and they were unable to distinguish how to use singular and additive numbers, positive numbers, ordinal numbers, and mentioned numbers, Number of women. The reason is that girls lack understanding of quantity, quantity, and its rules, schools lack interest in cultivating girls, students use incorrect learning methods, students have difficulty learning Arabic, and their practice of using Arabic is reduced. The decrease in the number, quantity, and interest of students in using teaching aids in the classroom teaching process, as well as the decrease in students' enthusiasm during the classroom teaching process. The solution is to develop teaching methods, increase the time allocation of learning materials, and develop teaching methods.Â

Analysis of verification results of protective effects of hearing protectors in different industries

Objective: To get insight into the current practice of noise reduction effect of workers as they wore hearing protectors in different domestic enterprises and the possible affected factors. Methods: From October 2020 to April 2021, using a random sampling method, 1197 workers exposed to noise in petrochemical factories, textile factories, and parts manufacturing factories were selected as the study subjects. The noise reduction effect of hearing protectors worn by workers in daily use was tested using a hearing protector suitability testing system. The personal sound attenuation level (PAR) was compared among workers in three enterprises, Targeted intervention and repetitive testing were conducted for workers who did not meet the noise reduction effect required by the enterprise, and the changes in PAR of workers before and after the intervention were compared. The comparison of baseline PARs between two or more groups was performed using the Mann Whitney test, the comparison of baseline PARs with post intervention PARs was performed using the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test, and the comparison of qualitative data between two or more groups was performed using the Chi square test. Results: The median baseline PAR for all workers was 15 dB. Men, age<30 years old, education level at or above college level, working experience of 5 to 15 years, and those who used hearing protectors for 5 to 15 years had higher PARs, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The median difference in baseline PAR among workers from three enterprises was statistically significant (H=175.06, P<0.01). The median PAR of subjects who did not pass the baseline increased from 3 dB to 21 dB after intervention (Z=-27.92, P<0.01) . Conclusion: Some workers wearing hearing protectors do not meet the required PAR, and low PARs may be related to incorrect wearing methods and incorrect selection of hearing protectors. As a tool for testing, training, and assisting in selection, the hearing protector suitability testing system is of great significance for worker hearing protection.

The Influence of Liking and Wanting on Eating Disorders

The appropriate methods of losing weight are a popular topic since losing weight is an important task for more and more people. Meanwhile, as the number of people losing weight increases, so do eating disorders because of incorrect and extreme weight loss methods. From an eating perspective, understanding food rewards is essential to knowing how to lose weight healthily. Food rewards include wanting and liking. The paper uses the literature review research method to summarize and discuss two opposite opinions about wanting and liking different or combined systems and the relationship between food rewards and eating control methods. The paper finds that wanting and liking are different systems. Understanding and identifying the difference between them reveals the appropriate eating control methods. People will realize they are hungry or they are greedy. People need to eat food when they feel hungry, but there is no need to eat food when they are greedy.