Incorrect Line Research Articles

Eliminating Error in Central Line Scheduling and Placement Using Quality Improvement Methods.

The Joint Commission defines a sentinel event as "surgery or other invasive procedure performed at the wrong site, on the wrong patient, or that is the wrong (unintended) procedure for a patient regardless of the type of procedure or the magnitude of the outcome." At our institution, we observed a low but consistent rate of incorrect surgical line placement for pediatric patients with cancer. Following quality improvement methodology and using the resources available on a large academic medical campus we designed and implemented a new multi-factorial process to schedule and place surgical central lines for pediatric patients with cancer. Changes included re-defining responsibilities, adding staff, and redesigning the process with workflows supported by modifications to the electronic medical record. Our primary outcome measures were incorrect central line placement or near miss event per quarter and days between these events. After implementation the rate of incorrect line placement and near miss events was reduced to zero with 1018 days since the last incorrect line placement. As a result of our multi-factorial quality improvement initiative in the scheduling and placement of central lines, we were able to eliminate surgical line placement sentinel events and improve care for pediatric patients with cancer.

Smart Grid Outlier Detection Based on the Minorization-Maximization Algorithm.

Outliers can be generated in the power system due to aging system equipment, faulty sensors, incorrect line connections, etc. The existence of these outliers will pose a threat to the safe operation of the power system, reduce the quality of the data, affect the completeness and accuracy of the data, and thus affect the monitoring analysis and control of the power system. Therefore, timely identification and treatment of outliers are essential to ensure stable and reliable operation of the power system. In this paper, we consider the problem of detecting and localizing outliers in power systems. The paper proposes a Minorization-Maximization (MM) algorithm for outlier detection and localization and an estimation of unknown parameters of the Gaussian mixture model (GMM). To verify the performance of the method, we conduct simulation experiments by simulating different test scenarios in the IEEE 14-bus system. Numerical examples show that in the presence of outliers, the MM algorithm can detect outliers better than the traditional algorithm and can accurately locate outliers with a probability of more than 95%. Therefore, the algorithm provides an effective method for the handling of outliers in the power system, which helps to improve the monitoring analyzing and controlling ability of the power system and to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the power system.

EPLF-VINS: Real-Time Monocular Visual-Inertial SLAM With Efficient Point-Line Flow Features

This letter introduces an efficient visual-inertial simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) method using point and line features. Currently, point-based SLAM methods do not perform well in scenarios such as weak textures and motion blur. Many researchers have noticed the excellent properties of line features in space and have attempted to develop line-based SLAM systems. However, the vast computational effort of the line extraction and description matching process makes it challenging to guarantee the real-time performance of the whole SLAM system, and the incorrect line detection and matching limit the performance improvement of the SLAM system. In this letter, we improve the traditional line detection model by means of short-line fusion, line feature uniform distribution, and adaptive threshold extraction to obtain high-quality line features for constructing SLAM constraints. Based on the gray level invariance assumption and colinear constraint, we propose a line optical flow tracking method, which significantly improves the speed of line feature matching. In addition, a measurement model that is independent of line endpoints is presented for estimating line residuals. The experimental results show that our algorithm improves the efficiency of line feature detection and matching and localization accuracy.

Learning-Based Ordering Characters on Ancient Document.

Digitalizing and translating a scanned document image entails detecting the characters using a detector and translating the characters in the order they were detected with a translator. However, it is impossible to translate these characters correctly because the detector often detects them in any order. As a result, since it is critical to organize the recognized characters for proper translation, we propose ordering characters from documents with multiple variations using the strength of the learning-based model that learns the necessary operations from the data. In this task, it is difficult to order the characters written on antique handwritten documents that have deviations such as a bent or split line, as opposed to official records that have lines placed uprightly one by one. Because dealing with these many variants using a human-designed algorithm is problematic, we arrange characters printed on papers with diverse variations by taking advantage of a training model that can learn the appropriate function from data. Our method outputs both line id and y-axis and combines them to assign the sequential index. It is difficult to train using simply local regions because sequential character indexes in a large range include long-range dependencies. To solve this problem, we use network architecture to expand the receptive field as wide as possible. The network must learn to give various indexes to characters in similar places for each document because the number and area of characters vary for each document. We offer the ground truth assign method based on the absolute position to assign similar indexes to characters in similar places. Furthermore, even if the network uses absolute ground truth, the network may assign the incorrect line if the center coordinates of characters are biased in one direction. As a result, we employed the Region of Interest (ROI) from the pretrained coordinate layer, which contains position and trend information. We used the modified edit distance to compare the similarity of character indexes from the ground truth and our technique. In addition, we computed the modified fisher criterion to assess the degree of the clustering line. Consequently, our edit distance is just 0.43 times that of the human-designed algorithm, and our fisher criterion is 1.46 times that of the human-designed algorithm, improving the performance of human-designed algorithm.

Influence of intra-row spacing on improved maize variety at Dambi Dollo University Research Site, Western Ethiopia

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the greatest significant grain crops in Ethiopia which ranked second only next tef in local production. However, its production is limited due to incorrect line spaces between crops. Therefore, field research was conducted at Dambi Dollo University during the 2020/2021 growing season under irrigated conditions for the production and yield of hybrid maize (BH546) with the help of optimizing spaces between rows. The test is performed using a three-dimensional Random Block Design with three replication in a single-factor test having three different line spaces (20 cm, 30 cm and 40 cm). The highest values ​​of total ears in each crop, length of the ears, total seed rows in each cob, seed in each cob, the weight of a thousand grains, seed yield, and the harvest index are recorded in wide spaces (40 cm). The performance of hybrid maize (BH546) and part of the crop, a wide range of 40 cm rows between crops can be recommended in the study area.

LSD-based adaptive lane detection and tracking for ADAS in structured road environment

Lane recognition is important for safe driving in structured road environment; it is becoming an indispensable part of the advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) for active security control. This paper proposes a novel lane detection and tracking approach for ADAS by using the line segment detector (LSD), adaptive angle filter and dual Kalman filter. In the lane detection process, the region of interest (ROI) within the inputted image is transformed into grayscale image, which is further preprocessed with median filtering, histogram equalization, image thresholding and perspective mapping. Then, the fast and robust LSD algorithm is applied on the ROI with the proposed adaptive angle filter to eliminate incorrect line segments more efficiently. In addition, a new three-level classifier based on the color, length and quantity of detected line segments is designed for lane classification. Finally, two Kalman filters are applied to track the detected lane and predict the following ROIs to improve the robustness and processing speed. The experimental results on four datasets show that the proposed method has robust performance in complex environments with the presence of shadows or other artifacts. It has average correct rate of lane detection higher than 94%, while the processing time is reduced by about 50% compared with a state-of-the-art method, and the average success rate of lane classification is above 85%.

Euripides’ Electra 1351–1352: A New Interpretation

Eur. El. 1351–1352 has always been problematic for editors and translators. Usually, they supply the article τό with ὅσιον in order to translate ὅσιον (“piety”) and τὸ δίκαιον (“justice) as coordinated nouns. At the same time, editors never add the article to their texts because it gives a metrically incorrect line. Another issue is that there are no examples in Greek where the article governing two coordinated nouns is given with the second noun but has to be supplied for the first (where it is strictly necessary). This paper proposes that ὅσιον is in fact an adjective (i.e., “pious”), which is not connected to the noun τὸ δίκαιον but to the adjective ϕίλον (“loved”). This interpretation can be justified through the work itself and also by exploring the use of the adjective ὅσιος in different tragedies by Euripides and in other authors.

Tutorial: Nuisance or Substance? Leveraging Heterogeneity of Preferences.

Psychology and neighboring disciplines are currently consumed with a replication crisis. Recent work has shown that replication can have the unintended consequence of perpetuating unwarranted conclusions when repeating an incorrect line of scientific reasoning from one study to another. This tutorial shows how decision researchers can derive logically coherent predictions from their theory by keeping track of the heterogeneity of preference the theory permits, rather than dismissing such heterogeneity as a nuisance. As an illustration, we reanalyze data of Barron and Ursino (2013). By keeping track of the heterogeneity of preferences permitted by Cumulative Prospect Theory, we show how the analysis and conclusions of Barron and Ursino (2013) change. This tutorial is intended as a blue-print for graduate student projects that dig deeply into the merits of prior studies and/or that supplement replication studies with a quality check.

Sherry, Samantha Discourses of Regulation and Resistance: Censoring Translation in the Stalin and Khrushchev Era Soviet Union Roisko, Pekka Gralshüter eines untergehenden Systems. Zensur der Massenmedien in der UdSSR 1981–1991 (review)

SEER, 94, 3, july 2016 522 Sherry, Samantha. Discourses of Regulation and Resistance: Censoring Translation in the Stalin and Khrushchev Era Soviet Union. Russian Language and Society. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2015. viii + 198 pp. Notes. Bibliography. Index. £75.00. Roisko, Pekka. Gralshüter eines untergehenden Systems. Zensur der Massenmedien in der UdSSR 1981–1991. [Guardians of a System in Terminal Decline: Censorship of the Mass Media in the USSR 1981–1991.] Medien in Geschichte und Gegenwart, 31. Böhlau, Cologne, Weimar and Vienna, 2015. 413 pp. Summary. Notes. Appendices. Bibliography. Index. €49.90. From 1917 until 1991 nearly all the research on the censorship and control (generally referred to as the function of an organization known as Glavlit) of the written and spoken word in Soviet Russia was published abroad, sometimes anonymously or pseudonymously, and mainly by émigrés and a very few Western experts such as Maurice Friedberg. However, unknown to nearly everyone, a few scholars in the USSR were quietly working away on this dangerous and politically significant subject, most notably Arlen Blium in Leningrad and Pavel Reifman in Tartu. During the last few years several international conferences on censorship in memory of Blium have been organized by M. V. Zelenov and taken place in St Petersburg, and in 2015 the first section of the first volume of Reifman’s magnum opus, Tsenzura v dorevoliutsionnoi, sovetskoi i postsovetskoi Rossii, edited by G. G. Superfin, was finally published in book form in Moscow. This subject area is now attracting much more attention not only in Russia, but also in the West, and the two monographs here under review are good examples of what could almost be called a growth industry. Sherry discusses the censorship and control of some of the translations (mainly from the English) that appeared in the journal Internatsional´naia literatura before it was closed down in 1943 (a sign of things to come) and in the journal Inostrannaia literatura from 1955, when it was founded (another sign of the times) until the mid 1960s. After the Introduction, the two chapters in Part One provide the context: the competing theories of literary translation in the USSR and the organization of the Soviet system of censorship and control. The ‘free’ or ‘realist’ (later Sherry refers to ‘domestication’) theory won out over any ‘literal’ or ‘formalist’ methodology. ‘Realist’ seems to have been used in the sense that Socialist (not ‘Social’) Realism was mistakenly alleged to be realistic because of the supposedly inevitable approach of mature socialism and then Communism in the Soviet Union and everywhere else. This ‘realist’ understanding of translation presumably made it psychologically easier for some practitioners to agree to cut out ‘incorrect’ and inconvenient passages in works they were rendering into Russian because, if the original writers had had thegoodfortunetoliveintheSovietUnion,theywouldnothavewrittencertain REVIEWS 523 incorrect lines in their works. Thus it was also in their interests to leave these bits out. The advantage of this view, however cynical it might have been, was that it made it easier to convey the greater part of many not entirely ‘politically correct’ foreign works that the stricter and in most ways more principled rules for literary translation would have regarded as impermissible. The other chapter in Part One is particularly valuable because it uses materials from the State Archive of the Russian Federation and points out (as does Roisko on pp. 56, 224 and 336 of his book) that much of Glavlit’s work was done by telephone and therefore has disappeared without a trace. Sherry also frequently, and correctly, uses the word ‘control’ rather than ‘censorship’, because the former term is not only blander, but broader in meaning as well. Part Two, ‘Case Studies’, begins with chapter three on the censorship of works published in part or almost in full in Internatsional´naia literatura — Hemingway, Upton Sinclair (cuts made in the translation of his Dragon’s Teeth, published in 1942, indicate that Soviet antisemitism was already well under way by then) and several other now almost completely forgotten writers. Chapter four, on the censorship of English-language works published in Inostrannaia literatura during the post-Stalin Thaw, has interesting things to say about the (mis)treatment of works...

Evaluation of spectroscopic databases through radiative transfer simulations compared to observations. Application to the validation of GEISA 2015 with IASI and TCCON

The quality of spectroscopic parameters that serve as input to forward radiative transfer models are essential to fully exploit remote sensing of Earth atmosphere. However, the process of updating spectroscopic databases in order to provide the users with a database that insures an optimal characterization of spectral properties of molecular absorption for radiative transfer modeling is challenging. The evaluation of the databases content and the underlying choices made by the managing team is thus a crucial step. Here, we introduce an original and powerful approach for evaluating spectroscopic parameters: the Spectroscopic Parameters And Radiative Transfer Evaluation (SPARTE) chain. The SPARTE chain relies on the comparison between forward radiative transfer simulations made by the 4A radiative transfer model and observations of spectra made from various observations collocated over several thousands of well-characterized atmospheric situations. Averaging the resulting ‘calculated-observed spectral’ residuals minimizes the random errors coming from both the radiometric noise of the instruments and the imperfect description of the atmospheric state. The SPARTE chain can be used to evaluate any spectroscopic databases, from the visible to the microwave, using any type of remote sensing observations (ground-based, airborne or space-borne). We show that the comparison of the shape of the residuals enables: (i) identifying incorrect line parameters (line position, intensity, width, pressure shift, etc.), even for molecules for which interferences between the lines have to be taken into account; (ii) proposing revised values, in cooperation with contributing teams; and (iii) validating the final updated parameters. In particular, we show that the simultaneous availability of two databases such as GEISA and HITRAN helps identifying remaining issues in each database. The SPARTE chain has been here applied to the validation of the update of GEISA-2015 in 2 spectral regions of particular interest for several currently exploited or planned Earth space missions: the thermal infrared domain and the short-wave infrared domain, for which observations from the space-borne IASI instrument and from the ground-based FTS instruments at the Parkfalls TCCON site are used respectively. Main results include: (i) the validation of the positions and intensities of line parameters, with overall significantly lower residuals for GEISA-2015 than for GEISA-2011 and (iii) the validation of the choice made on the parameters (such as pressure shift and air-broadened width) which has not been given by the provider but completed by ourselves. For example, comparisons between residuals obtained with GEISA-2015 and HITRAN-2012 have highlighted a specific issue with some HWHM values in the latter that can be clearly identified on the ‘calculated-observed’ residuals.

Two-Colored Dental Surveying Tool as an Alternative for Carbon Marker.

Various tools are used with a dental surveyor, including analyzing rods, carbon markers, undercut gauges, and protective sheaths for a specific function. A carbon marker is a parallel-sided carbon rod used to mark the survey line on a cast or a crown on a cast. The carbon marker (with or without protective sheath) cannot differentiate more than one survey line on the cast if needed. The wear of the carbon marker along the parallel walls after repeated use may give an incorrect survey line. We suggest a simple modification in the analyzing rod to prepare a two-colored surveying tool. An analyzing rod is a parallel-sided rod used to analyze the relative parallelism of two or more surfaces of a cast and to mark survey lines on wax patterns. With the modified analyzing rod, the survey lines can be marked with two colors, and the problem of breaking of the carbon marker also can be eliminated.

The precision of line position measurements of unresolved quasar absorption lines and its influence on the search for variations of fundamental constants

Optical quasar spectra can be used to trace variations of the fine-structure constant alpha. Controversial results that have been published in last years suggest that in addition to to wavelength calibration problems systematic errors might arise because of insufficient spectral resolution. The aim of this work is to estimate the impact of incorrect line decompositions in fitting procedures due to asymmetric line profiles. Methods are developed to distinguish between different sources of line position shifts and thus to minimize error sources in future work. To simulate asymmetric line profiles, two different methods were used. At first the profile was created as an unresolved blend of narrow lines and then, the profile was created using a macroscopic velocity field of the absorbing medium. The simulated spectra were analysed with standard methods to search for apparent shifts of line positions that would mimic a variation of fundamental constants. Differences between position shifts due to an incorrect line decomposition and a real variation of constants were probed using methods that have been newly developed or adapted for this kind of analysis. The results were then applied to real data. Apparent relative velocity shifts of several hundred meters per second are found in the analysis of simulated spectra with asymmetric line profiles. It was found that each system has to be analysed in detail to distinguish between different sources of line position shifts. A set of 16 FeII systems in seven quasar spectra was analysed. With the methods developed, the mean alpha variation that appeared in these systems was reduced from the original Dalpha/alpha=(2.1+/-2.0)x10^-5 to Dalpha/alpha=(0.1+/-0.8)x10^-5. We thus conclude that incorrect line decompositions can be partly responsible for the conflicting results published so far.

Benchmarking atomic data for astrophysics: Fe VII and other cool lines observed by Hinode EIS

The EUV spectrum of is reviewed, using new rates for electron impact excitation, atomic structure calculations, and experimental data. In particular, solar observations of a sunspot loop spectrum obtained from the Hinode EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) are used. Previous line identifications, mostly based on laboratory data, have been assessed. Large discrepancies between observed and predicted line intensities and wavelengths are found for the decays from the 3s<sup>2<sup/> 3p<sup>5<sup/> 3d<sup>3<sup/> configuration, which are strong EUV lines. We ascribe these discrepancies to incorrect line identifications. A number of new identifications are proposed. With these, very good agreement between theory and experimental data is found. A few transitions, in particular from the 3s<sup>2<sup/> 3p<sup>6<sup/> 3d 4s configuration, are observed for the first time, and are shown to provide a new important diagnostic for measuring the electron temperature in the solar transition region. The temperatures obtained at the base of solar coronal loops are found to be close to the temperature of maximum abundance in ionization equilibrium (K). The assessment of the lines was done in conjunction with an assessment of all the strongest cool lines observed with EIS. This spectrum is rich in transition region lines. Some new identifications are presented, in particular for . Most of the strongest transitions are identified, however a large number of lines still awaits firm identification.

Erratum to: The state of the art in the analysis of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis images

Due to a technical error, the article “The state of the art in the analysis of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis images” carries an incorrect copyright line. The copyright of the article is with DECODON GmbH, not with Springer-Verlag.”

Segmentation of Horizontally Overlapping Lines in Printed Indian Scripts

Horizontally overlapping lines are normally found in printed newspapers of any Indian script. Along with these overlapping lines few other broken components of a line (strip) having text less than a complete line are also found in text. The horizontally overlapping lines and other strips make it very difficult to estimate the boundary of a line leading to incorrect line segmentation. Incorrect line segmentation decreases the recognition accuracy. In this paper we have proposed a solution for segmenting horizontally overlapping lines and solved the problem of other strips in eight most widely used printed Indian scripts. Whole document has been divided into strips and proposed algorithm has been applied for segmenting horizontally overlapping lines and associating small strips to their respective lines. The algorithm has shown approximately 96.45-99.79% accuracy depending upon script. We have also tried to segment horizontally overlapping lines, containing different sized text, i.e. the newspaper articles in which bigger sized heading lines overlaps with normal sized text lines.

A shape-from-shading method of polyhedral objects using prior information

We propose a new method for recovering the 3D shape of a polyhedral object from its single 2D image using the shading information contained in the image and the prior information on the object. In a strict sense, we cannot recover the shape of a polyhedron from an incorrect line drawing, even if it is practically almost correct. In order to overcome this problem, we propose a flexible face positioning method that can permit inconsistencies in the recovered shape that arise from vertex-position errors contained in incorrect line drawings. Also, we propose to use prior information about the horizontality and verticality of special faces and the convex and concave properties of the edges in order to attain good solutions and present a method of formulating such prior information as physical constraints. The shape-from-shading method is formulated as a minimization problem of a nonlinear cost function with the nonlinear constraints and its solution is searched by a global optimization algorithm. In the experiments with a synthetic image and three kinds of real images, shapes that are similar to those of the actual objects were recovered in all cases. As a result, the proposed method has proven to be effective in the shape recovery of simple-shape polyhedral objects.

Partition function data and impact on retrieval quality for an mm/sub-mm limb sounder

The partition function plays a major role as it mainly governs the dependence of the spectral line strength (or line intensity) on the temperature. A wrong partition function will lead to an incorrect line strength, which will lead to a systematic error in the retrieval. Therefore, a careful investigation of the available partition function data and the sensitivity of the retrieval to this is required. Two partition function data sets, the HITRAN and the JPL, are considered in this paper. In a first step, we investigate the spread of the partition function ratios from the simple approximation values given by theory. We find that the HITRAN partition functions are usually higher than the values quoted by the simple approximation. The JPL partition functions are much closer to the values given by the approximation. Comparing directly the two datasets, with some exceptions, a good agreement is found. Only for 16 molecules (from 66 considered molecules), the deviations in the two data sets are larger than 2%. The retrieval error analysis shows that, for the case of the molecular species with strong signatures, an uncertainty in the partition function is directly translated into a retrieval error of the species in question. However, the uncertainty in the partition function of this species can have a high impact on the quality of weak species retrieval.

Overcoming superstrictness in line drawing interpretation

Presents an algorithm for correcting incorrect line drawings-incorrect projections of a polyhedral scene. Such incorrect drawings arise, e.g., when an image of a polyhedral world is taken, the edges and vertices are extracted, and a drawing is synthesized. Along the way, the true positions of the vertices in the 2D projection are perturbed due to digitization errors and the preprocessing. As most available algorithms for interpreting line drawings are superstrict, they judge these noisy inputs as incorrect and fail to reconstruct a three-dimensional scene from them. The presented method overcomes this problem by moving the positions of all vertices until a very close correct drawing is found. The closeness criterion is to minimize the sum of squared distances from each vertex in the input drawing to its corrected position. With this tool, any superstrict method for line drawing interpretation is now practical, as it can be applied to the corrected version of the input drawing.

Incorrect Line Breaks in Table

Incorrect Line Breaks in Table

Precision measurements of recoil-free fraction and interference with hundred Curie sources

We discuss our experiences with exceptionally intense Mossbauer sources (of order 100 Ci) and their use in making precision determinations of line shape parameters. We review our measurements of interference and recoilless fraction using conventional transmission geometry. Fitting simultaneous sets of data with known constraints greatly improves the efficiency of line-shape determination. Measurements of interference have been made using a two-absorber technique first introduced by Mossbauer and coworkers. Our results indicate that the method can be useful for determining interference, but that incorrect line shape parameters are obtained if powder samples are used which do not comply well with the assumption of thickness uniformity in the absorber.