Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder Research Articles

The Onset or Worsening of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients Infected with COVID-19

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) manifestations are highly diverse, potentially affecting nearly all organ systems during or after infection. Given the importance of a thorough assessment of COVID-19. Objectives: Our study aimed to investigate any new onset or worsening lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients infected with COVID-19. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 88 COVID-19 patients completed the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Overactive Bladder and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score Questionnaires (OABSS). The patients assessed stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and difficulty voiding. Results: Our study revealed that urinary symptoms were the only initial symptom for 28 (31.8%) of the patients or part of the initial symptoms. Furthermore, new onset of OAB symptoms was noted in 35 (39.8%) patients; worsening of pre-diagnosed OAB symptoms was noted in 4 (4.5%) patients; new onset SUI was reported in 17 (32.7%) women, and voiding dysfunction was reported in one woman and two men. There was no significant difference in demographic characteristics, laboratory tests, and lung involvement between patients with and without LUTS (P > 0.05). However, new onset or worsening LUTS significantly (P < 0.001) affected the quality of life. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that LUTS could be the only symptom or one of the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Therefore, physicians should consider COVID-19 as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with these symptoms.

The Prevalence and Impact of Urinary Incontinence on Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Taif City, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory diseasethat results in demyelination and progressive loss of nerve cells within the central nervous system. Multiple sclerosis, as well as other neurological diseases that impact brain structures and spinal pathways involved in sphincter control, may cause lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) Our aims are to determine the prevalence, severity, and impact on the quality of life of urinary incontinence among MS patients in Taif, Saudi Arabia, as well as its potential association with demographics and clinical features. Method A cross-sectional study included 150 of MS patients aged 18 yearsand older who completed the validated Arabic versions of both the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form(ICIQ-UI SF).In addition, other clinical parameters were collected from the medical records of patients. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 (IBM Inc., Armonk, New York). Qualitative data were expressed as numbers and percentages, and the Chi-squared test (χ2) was employed. Quantitative data were expressed as means with standard deviation (mean ± SD). Result 67.3% of the participants were female; the mean ICIQ UI and ICIQ OAB scores in these MS patients were found to be 6.30 ± 6.26 and 5.32 ± 3.76, respectively. They were significantly higher in progressive MS patients compared to relapsing-remitting MS patients (p<0.05). There was a high positive correlation obtained between ICIQ UI and ICIQ OAB scores (rho=0.801, p<0.001). Conclusion The findings of this study showed that urinary incontinence was a common and distressing symptom experienced by individuals with MS. The severity of UI symptoms was significantly more in progressive multiple sclerosis compared to relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

The correlation between academic stress, overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) and quality of life among healthy university students: A cross-sectional study.

This study aims to assess the presence of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB), academic stress, and their impact on quality of life (QoL) of healthy university students. A cross-sectional study recruited university students from different academic streams, between January 2021 to December 2021. Demographics, overactive bladder-validated 8 questionnaire (OAB-V8), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder Module (ICIQ-OAB) questionnaire, and Perception of Academic Stress (PAS) scale were collected. The correlation between the variables was assessed using the Social Sciences Statistical Package (SPSS) version 21. Three hundred and 89 people met the inclusion criteria. There were 241 (62%) females, and 248 (63.8%) of the students were under the age of 22. Four academic streams were included: Engineering 96 (24.7%), Humanities 121 (31.1%), Medicine 85 (21.8%) and Nursing 87 (22.4%). OAB was found among 103 (26%) students. The mean OAB-V8 score was 5.8 ± 6.6. The mean PAS scale was 53.9 ± 9.4. The mean ICIQ-OAB score was 1.5 (0-9). Male gender 62 (60%), smoking 42 (40.8%), academic stream (Humanity 40 (38.8%)) and year (third and fourth-year students 34 (33%) and 33 (32%), respectively) have a statistically significant positive correlation with OAB (p < 0.001). Humanity stream (mean rank 169.2) and junior students (first and second years with mean rank of 174 and 177), respectively, had high level of academic stress and low PAS scale. There is a weak but statistically significant inverse correlation between OAB and the PAS scale (r = -0.211) (p < 0.001). OAB is prevalent among healthy university students and is directly related to academic stress. Both OAB and academic stress have impact on quality of life. We hope this study will help to raise awareness of OAB among university students to early identify and treat such a condition, avoiding unnecessary bother among healthy university students.

Use of Fermented Red Clover Isoflavones in the Treatment of Overactive Bladder in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Postmenopausal women are at risk of developing an overactive bladder (OAB). Conventional vaginal estrogen has shown promise for symptom relief. Isoflavones have proven effective as an alternative to estrogen treatment against menopause-related symptoms. However, its effect on OAB symptoms has not been studied. This study investigates if fermented red clover isoflavones reduce OAB symptoms in postmenopausal women. In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, women were administered red clover extract (RCE) or a placebo twice daily for three months. Women filled out the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) and Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF), together with a fluid intake and voiding diary. A total of 33 women (16 in the RCE group and 17 in the placebo group) were included in the analysis. Baseline demographics and OAB characteristics were comparable across groups. Intake of RCE did not lead to significant relief in most urinary bladder symptom measures, although a significant reduction in the bother of urinary urgency (p = 0.033) and a tendency towards a decreased ICIQ-OAB score were observed (p = 0.056). In contrast, the placebo exhibited a significant decrease in the ICIQ-OAB score (p = 0.021) and in some diary outcomes. We found that an intake of isoflavones did not relieve OAB symptoms in postmenopausal women.

When Did They Start? Age of Onset of Toileting Behaviors and Urinary Cues as Reported by Older Women.

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are prevalent across women's life course. Evidence shows toileting behaviors (TBs) and urinary urge cues are related to LUTS. It is unknown when women start using these behaviors and responding to urinary cues. An online survey was administered to 338 women, 65 years of age and older, to assess the age of onset for 20 TBs from the Toileting Behaviors-Women's Elimination Behavior (TB-WEB) questionnaire, 10 urinary urge cues from the Urinary Cues Questionnaire, and urinary urgency and leakage items from the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) Short Form. Descriptive statistics were reported for each TB and urinary cue. A timeline was generated with the average earliest age of onsets for each type of TB, urinary cues, and urinary urgency and leakage symptoms. Place preference, delayed voiding, and hovering over toilets away from home were reported to have the earliest ages of onset. Urinary urge cues, premature voiding, and straining to void tended to start after 45 years of age, as did the symptoms of urinary urgency and leakage. The timeline indicated that the earliest place preference and position preference TBs started before 20 years of age. Some TBs begin early in life and persist into old age, while other TBs and urinary cues begin later. Bladder health promotion may depend on intervening at specific times in the life course to alter TBs and responses, and potentially making environmental changes.

Transcutaneous tibial nerve electrical stimulation versus vaginal electrical stimulation in women with overactive bladder syndrome: Is there a role for short-term interventions?

To assess the efficacy of vaginal electrical stimulation (VS) versus transcutaneous tibial nerve electrical stimulation (TTNS) in women with overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). Sixty-nine patients were randomized to receive 12 sessions of VS versus TTNS, or no treatment (control group-CG), over 6 weeks. OAB impact according to international consultation on incontinence questionnaire overactive bladder module (ICIQ-OAB), symptoms discomfort scores and voiding diaries were evaluated at baseline, 6 weeks and 1-month post-treatment. Both TTNS (mean difference = -4.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -6.5 to -1.9) and VS (-3.8; -6.0 to -1.6) were associated with significant reduction of ICIQ-OAB scores, as well as discomfort sensation (-3.9; -6.2 to -1,7; p < 0.001 for the TTNS and -2.8; -5.0 to -0.6; p = 0.01 for the VS) at 6 weeks when compared to CG (p < 0.001). ICIQ-OAB score remained low only in the TTNS group when compared to the CG (-3.6; -6.0 to -1.2/p = 0.00) 1 month after treatment. Discomfort symptoms improved in both active groups when compared to CG (TTNS [-3.2; -5.2 to -1.2; p < 0.001] and VS groups [-2.6; -4.7 to -0.6; p = 0.01]). No statistically differences were found in primary outcomes comparing TTNS and VS Secondary analysis showed significant improvement in urinary urgency incontinence episodes (UUI) in both TTNS and VS, but CG. UUI episodes were still reduced in the VS group and urgency in the TTNS group 1-month post-treatment. Short-term interventions (6 weeks) of TTNS and VS were both effective in treating women with OAB. TTNS provided residual effects at one-month postintervention on ICIQ-OAB score.

CO2 Surgical Laser for Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

ABSTRACT The common condition of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has a reported prevalence of 10% to 39% in adult women in most studies. Although treatment of SUI via surgical means is an option, factors such as adverse effects of surgery and mesh-related risks lead many to seek alternative options. In overweight and obese patients, lifestyle changes for improving SUI symptoms entail mainly weight loss. Although pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) can lead to improvements, further treatment is often necessary. Because of this, interest is high for developing effective nonsurgical treatments for SUI. One such possible treatment is vaginal laser therapy, which has been used as treatment for various vaginal conditions. The authors therefore carried out a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing CO2 laser with sham treatment for SUI. This multicenter, participant-blinded, sham-controlled, parallel-group, superiority RCT involved participants from 2 hospitals in Southeast Melbourne in the outpatient setting. Patients aged 18 to 80 years experiencing symptomatic and objective SUI and seeking conservative management participated. Women with prior surgery for SUI were excluded. A positive cough stress test with a comfortably full bladder and uroflow was used to determine objective SUI. Participants lacking positive cough stress test were still eligible for study inclusion with a positive pad weight test in the absence of urgency incontinence symptoms. Intervention took place using FemTouch delivery system in conjunction with the AcuScan 120 Microscanner and the AcuPulse CO2 laser system for fractional treatment. Laser energy was delivered via a standard foot pedal in a fractional manner. The sham treatment used identical methods and settings but used an inactive pedal, which only made mechanical clicks and no electronic beeps. A total of 3 treatments were administered to participants, 4 weeks apart, with incrementally greater density settings. The primary outcome of the study was subjective SUI (defined as positive answers to the inquiries: “Do you leak when you cough or sneeze?” or “Do you leak when physically active/exercising?”). Secondary outcomes were assessed via the Patient Global Impression of Improvement, and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–urinary incontinence change, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-overactive bladder, the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Function Questionnaire, the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire–Short Form, and EQ-5D scores. In addition, adverse events (such as pain during the procedure as measured on a visual analog scale) and objective SUI were recorded. A sample size of 101 was chosen to provide 80% power to detect differences between groups for the primary outcome (even assuming a 10% rate of attrition). A total of 97 participants ultimately were treated. Randomization of participants occurred with equal probability to sham treatment or the CO2 laser using a computer-generated random sequence, which allocated participants to blocks of 4, 6, and 8. Unblinding of participants to their allocation occurred following the 3-month review. Participants had a mean age of 53 years and a mean body mass index of 26.1 kg/m2, and 90% were vaginally parous. Most participants had attempted PFMT either independently or under supervision. No detectable difference was found between the sham and active treatment arm in the primary outcome of leak with laughter or cough. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between groups with regard to any of the secondary, patient-reported outcomes of questionnaires. The authors tested the reliability of their masking by assessing whether patients could identify their allocation group. Between the 2 groups, 17 (54%) of the sham group and 15 (63%) of the active treatment group believed they received sham treatment. Adverse events were rare in both groups, with similar visual analog pain scores during treatment and only rare vaginal bleeding and urgency incontinence in both groups. Strengths of this study are several and include its blinded design and randomization methods. The primary outcome was focused on patient-reported outcomes. Responsive and validated questionnaires were utilized for assessment of secondary outcomes. Study limitations include a lack of blinding for investigators, which could have introduced an element of detection bias for SUI. In conclusion, no benefit was shown for 3 treatment sessions of the CO2 vaginal laser when compared with sham therapy. Additional trials with various laser modalities are necessary to determine whether this may produce varying results. Women considering CO2 vaginal laser therapy for SUI should be made aware of the lack of consistent high-quality evidence in support of this treatment.

Treatment for overactive bladder: A meta-analysis of tibial versus parasacral neuromodulation.

Background:The study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of parasacral neuromodulation (PNS) versus tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) for patients with overactive bladder (OAB).Methods:Databases including PubMed, Embase, clinicalTrial.gov, and Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched from January 1, 1999 to September 9, 2022. The improvements in a 3-day voiding diary were set as the primary outcomes. Then, the scores of overactive bladder-validated 8-question awareness tool (OAB-V8), King’s health questionnaire (KHQ), and international consultation on incontinence questionnaire overactive bladder (ICIQ-OAB) were also evaluated.Results:Five articles (4 randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and 1 prospective study) including 255 OAB patients were enrolled. Two kinds of neuromodulations had similar performances in the micturition (mean difference [MD] = 0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.51 to 1.04, P = .50), urgency episodes (MD = –0.16, 95% CI: –0.64 to 0.31, P = .50), incontinence episodes (MD = 0.09, 95% CI: –0.41 to 0.59, P = .72), as well as in the nocturia episodes (MD = 0.04, 95% CI: –0.45 to 0.52, P = .89). Furthermore, there was no difference regarding ICIQ-OAB scores (P = .83), KHQ (P = .91), and OAB-V8 scores (P = .83). Importantly, included studies reported no adverse events in the 2 groups.Conclusion:TNS and PNS had similar effectiveness for the treatment of OAB, moreover, without any identified adverse events in both groups. However, well-designed RCTs are stilled needed to verify our results.

Incidence of New or Worsening Overactive Bladder Among Patients with a Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Cohort Study

BackgroundLiterature is sparse on COVID-19-associated cystitis (CAC), a novel condition comprising frequency, urgency, and nocturia after COVID-19 infection. ObjectiveTo determine the incidence of CAC and correlation with SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. Design, setting, and participantsThis was a retrospective study in which urinary symptoms were scored using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-overactive bladder (ICIQ-OAB) at three time points: before the pandemic (January 2020), 2 mo after COVID-19 infection (if applicable), and at the time of the study (May 2021). The setting was a regional health care system. The 18 785 healthcare employees who took part in the BLAST COVID study group were invited to participate, of whom 1895 responded. Outcome measurements and statistical analysisThe outcome measured was the percentage of COVID-positive patients with a significant change on ICIQ-OAB over time. Pearson’s χ2 test was used for comparison of categorical data, and one-way analysis of variance for continuous data and multivariate analysis. A sample size of 618 was calculated for power of 80% and α = 0.05. Results and limitationsOf the 1895 participants, 31.9% (n = 605) were positive for COVID-19 according to positive serology or a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Of these, 492 were PCR-positive and had 2-mo postinfection data, with 36.4% (179/492) reporting an increase of ≥1 point on the ICIQ-OAB compared to baseline (before the pandemic), with de novo OAB in 22% of these cases (40/179). Comparison of symptoms between baseline and the study time revealed that 27.4% (31/113) of those with positive serology only (asymptomatic COVID) and 37.8% (186/492) of those with PCR positivity (symptomatic COVID) had an increase of ≥1 point on the ICIQ-OAB, compared to 15.8% (n = 204) of uninfected patients, with odds ratios of 2.013 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.294–3.138; p = 0.0015) and 3.236 (95% CI 2.548–4.080; p < 0.0001), respectively. The retrospective nature of the study and the volunteer sample are limitations. ConclusionsCOVID-19 infection increases the risk of developing new or worsening OAB symptoms. Patient summaryWe compared overactive bladder symptoms in a large group of participants between individuals with and without a previous COVID-19 infection. We found that symptomatic infection was associated with a three times greater risk of developing new or worsening overactive bladder symptoms among COVID-19 patients.

Long-term follow-up of intravesical abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport®) injections in women with idiopathic detrusor overactivity

ObjectiveOnly a few numbers of studies have been published on the use of abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport®) in idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO). This study reported the long-term follow-up of women with IDO who were treated with intravesical Dysport® injections. MethodsTwo hundred and thirty-six patients with IDO who had failed first-line conservative and antimuscarinic therapy received 500–900 units of Dysport® between April 2014 and July 2015. All patients were followed up for 5 years after their initial injection and interviewed on the phone. ResultsA total of 236 women with IDO aged from 18 years to 84 years (mean±standard deviation: 49.6±15.9 years) were included in our study. The median follow-up time for patients was 36.5 (range: 10–70) months, and the median recovery time after injection was 18.5 (range: 0–70) months. A total of 83 (35.2%) patients stated that they had subjective improvement of their symptoms whereas 84 (35.6%) patients did not report any improvement in symptoms. The initial International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder mean score was 6.9 (standard deviation 3.4). There was a positive association between the median recovery time and the components of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder questionnaire. ConclusionIn a sub-population of overactive bladder patients with IDO who have failed first-line therapy, a single intravesical Dysport® injection can resolve patient symptoms completely or reduce the symptoms to an acceptable level that can be controlled with antimuscarinics or re-injection on demands.

Psychometric properties of the Persian version of neurogenic bladder symptom score questionnaire: A methodological study on patients with multiple sclerosis and stroke.

Concerning the impact of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) on quality of life, besides the lack of standard psychometrically-analyzed Persian tools, the present study investigated the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the neurogenic bladder symptom score (NBSS) questionnaire. A total of 279 multiple sclerosis (MS) or stroke/cerebrovascular accident(CVA) patients over 18 years of age with NLUTD referred to the neurology clinics entered the study in 2021-2022. After translation, back-translation, and developing a Persian version, its validity and reliability were determined. The content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) were calculated quantitatively. To determine the internal consistency and scale reliability, a test-retest was used. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.83 and the intraclass correlation coefficient (95% confidence interval) was 0.85 (0.82, 0.88). Cronbach's α in all domains (incontinence, storage and voiding, and consequence) was greater than 0.70. The criterion validity also showed a positive correlation of NBSS with the International Consultation on IncontinenceQuestionnaire-overactive bladder (p &lt; 0.001 and r = 0.55). The face validity was acceptable according to the opinion of 10 participants. To determine the CVI and the CVR, 10 experts' panels reviewed all items related to the questionnaire in terms of necessity, clarity, transparency, and relevancy. Based on the expert panel all NBSS criteria got a high score, and all criteria were essential to assess NLUTD (CVI: 0.78-1). Regarding validity and reliability, the Persian version NBSS questionnaire can properly evaluate NLUTD in MS or stroke/CVA patients.

Sleep quality and urinary incontinence in elderly female exercise practitioners

ObjectivesOlder women with urinary incontinence (UI) commonly report sleep problems. However, little is known about sleep problems in older women with UI who exercise. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of sleep quality with the presence or absence of UI, urine loss, and nocturia episodes in elderly female practitioners of physical exercise.Material and MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on older women participating in an extension program, southern Brazil. Data were collected in 2018. Sociodemographic and health characteristics were collected by interview. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - short form was applied to evaluate the presence of UI, as well as the frequency and amount of urine loss. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder was used to analyze nocturia episodes. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index.ResultsThe study group included 142 older women with a mean age of 68.8±6.8 years. The prevalence of UI was 33.8% (95% CI: 0.26-0.42). Women with UI had higher use of medication, daytime dysfunction, and total sleep quality scores than women without UI (p<0.05). Older women who leak urine several times a day exhibited worse sleep quality than those who lose urine once a week or less (p=0.036). Women with three or more episodes of nocturia also showed worse sleep quality than those without any episode (p=0.029). Conclusion: Exercising older women with UI have worse sleep quality than those without this dysfunction. Furthermore, participants who lose large amounts of urine and have more episodes of nocturia also exhibit worse sleep quality.

Efficacy of Top Flat Magnetic Stimulation Technology for Female Stress and Urge Urinary Incontinence: A Clinical Evaluation

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a popular problem with a broad range of severities and etiology. This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of a device based on top flat magnetic stimulation to manage women affected by urge urinary incontinence (UUI) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: Eighty-one female patients (35 patients who reported SUI symptoms and 46 patients who reported UUI symptoms) underwent a total of eight treatments sessions performed twice a week for 4 consecutive weeks, for 28 min. Immediately before each treatment and up to 3 months of follow-up, two questionnaires (Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-Short Form (IIQ-7) and Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder Module (ICIQ-OAB)) were used. Results: ICIQ-OAB’s average score significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.05) from 10.54 ± 3.03 at baseline to 5.45 ± 2.24 at 3 months follow-up. IIQ-7’s average score significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.05) from 15.53 ± 5.62 at baseline to 6.76 ± 3.10 at 3 months follow-up. Conclusions: For all women examined, protocols used led to a decrease of SUI/UUI complaints, achieving good results and improving patients’ quality of life (QOL) without risk. World J Nephrol Urol. 2022;11(1):18-23 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/wjnu432

Is It Possible to Improve Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Female Patients? A Clinical Evaluation of the Efficacy of Top Flat Magnetic Stimulation Technology.

Background and Objectives: Urinary incontinence is the accidental loss of urine that can occur at any age, especially among women over 50; however, its prevalence is increasing. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of a device that uses Top Flat Magnetic Stimulation for the management of women with mixed urinary incontinence. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 female patients underwent a total of six treatment sessions performed twice a week for three consecutive weeks, for 28 min. Three questionnaires were used for the evaluation of the urinary improvements: Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF), Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder Module (ICIQ-OAB), and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-Short Form (IIQ-7). The questionnaires were compiled immediately before each treatment, within the treatment period (until the sixth treatment session), and up to 3 months of follow-up. Results: Improvement in quality of life is observed according to the results of the questionnaire, already after six sessions and at three months follow-up. ICIQ-UI-SF’s average score at baseline was 20.2 (±1.1), and it significantly declined (p < 0.01) to 1.8 (±2.4) after six sessions and to 4.8 (±2.8) at 3 months follow-up; ICIQ-OAB’s average score significantly decreased (p < 0.01) from 10.4 (±3.2) at baseline to 1.4 (±0.8) after six sessions and 2.3 (±1.6) at 3 months follow-up. IIQ-7’s average score significantly decreased (p < 0.01) from 20.2 (±1.7) at baseline to 0.4 (±0.5) after six sessions and to 4.7 (±2.8) at 3 months follow-up. Conclusions: Our results suggest that Top Flat Magnetic Stimulation technology can reduce mixed urinary incontinence symptoms for all women examined, leading to an improvement in the patient quality of life and patient awareness of their pelvic floor area with good results.

Prevalence of and Associated Factors for Overactive Bladder Subtypes in Middle-Aged Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background and Objectives: The living environment can manifest physiological responses in humans, with cohabiting couples often having similar health statuses. The aim of this study was to (1) examine the prevalence of the overactive bladder (OAB) with or without incontinence and (2) identify associated factors for OAB with and without incontinence (including environmental factors, such as living with a partner who has OAB) in middle-aged women. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OBA) was administered to 970 couples. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square analyses, and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Responses to the ICIQ-OBA among middle-aged women generated a higher prevalence of OAB with incontinence (OABwet; 41%) than OAB without incontinence (OABdry; 26%; p < 0.001). The factors associated with OABwet were as follows: being age ≥ 55 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.95), having a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 27 kg/m2 (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.03–2.17), having vaginitis (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.28–2.80), and having partners with OABwet (OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.74–3.19). Having partners with OABdry (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.34–2.44) was an associated factor for OABdry. Conclusions: This study identified the associated factors for OAB subtypes (OABwet and OABdry) in middle-aged women. These findings can support treatment and preventive strategies for health providers who care for patients with OAB. As part of the treatment and preventative strategies, the risk that partners may introduce to the development of OAB in women should also be considered.

Association between Fecal Incontinence and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and their Impact on the Quality of Life of Patients with Prostate Cancer

Abstract Objective To evaluate the association of fecal incontinence (FI) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients diagnosed with initial prostate cancer (PC) and after any therapeutic approach (surgery and radiotherapy). Methods Cross-sectional study using the Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score (CCIS), the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (FIQL) questionnaire, and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB). Results A total of 84 patients with PC were included: 40 of them had not started treatment, 31 were submitted to radical prostatectomy (RP), and 13 were submitted to radiotherapy (RT). Those submitted to RT presented higher scores on the ICIQ-OAB (p = 0.01). When comparing the whole sample reagarding the patients with and without FI, we observed that the incontinents presented a higher frequency of urinary incontinence (UI) (p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, when comparing patients with/without FI within their treatment groups regarding the presence of UI and FIQL scores, we identified that patients undergoing RP presented an association between UI and FI (p &lt; 0.001) and a greater impact of FI on the FIQL (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion Patients submitted to RT present more intense LUTS. Moreover, patients with FI present a higher association with UI, and this association is more marked in those with FI submitted to RP.

What is the real burden of the overactive bladder? Results from a national prevalence study.

To describe the prevalence of overactive bladder determining patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) and potential risk factors. A cross-sectional population-based study to estimate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) prevalence in the Colombian population was performed (COBaLT study). Overactive bladder (OAB) was assessed using 2002 International Continence Society definitions and the Report on the Terminology for Female Pelvic Floor Dysfunction. PROMS were included to evaluate participant's perceptions of health-related quality of life (QoL). Spanish validated questionnaires were used, including the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) and Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC) scale. A total of 1060 individuals were assessed. The mean age of participants was 42.2 years, and most participants were Hispanic (93.15%). The overall prevalence of OAB syndrome was 31.70%, and it was more frequently reported in women than in men (39.25% vs. 24.15%). Most participants with OAB did not perceive their symptoms as bothersome. The most bothersome symptom, associated with moderate/severe impact in QoL was urinary urgency. According to the PPBC questionnaire 75.6% of the participants reported that their bladder condition does not cause any problem, while 11.% reported moderate to severe bother. The multivariable model showed high blood pressure and anxiety were associated with OAB in men. In females, depression, obstructive sleep apnea, IBS, and pelvic organ prolapse were associated with OAB syndrome. Using the symptomatic definition of OAB can overestimate the real impact and burden of the condition, and treatment should be targeted to those symptomatic patients with QoL impairment as they would benefit from further management. The questionnaires seem to overestimate the condition, since we assessed it from a PROMS perspective there is not such a marked QoL impact.

Overactive Bladder during Pregnancy: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.

Background and Objectives: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a serious urination-related symptom of unknown pathogenesis that affects one’s everyday activities. The objective of this study was to examine how OAB prevalence, symptom severity, and degree of distress caused by OAB symptoms evolved throughout the course of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: A total of 659 pregnant women were recruited from 2015 to 2020, and were evaluated through the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) on OAB symptoms, administered in the early, middle, and late stages of pregnancy. Results: Generalized estimating equation analysis revealed that the odds of OAB occurring in the middle and late stages of pregnancy were 1.90 and 2.33 times higher, respectively, than in early pregnancy. The corresponding odds for OAB-wet were 1.63 and 2.07 higher, respectively, and the odds of OAB-dry occurring during late pregnancy were 0.80 higher than during early pregnancy. Symptoms were more severe by 0.07 and 0.21 points (on a 4-point scale) in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, respectively, than in early pregnancy; distress was greater by 0.13 and 0.27 points (on a 10-point scale) in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, respectively, than in early pregnancy. The prevalence of OAB, OAB-dry, and OAB-wet was significantly higher in early pregnancy than pre-pregnancy. Conclusions: The prevalence of OAB and OAB-wet increased over the course of pregnancy, but the prevalence of OAB-dry decreased. Furthermore, symptom severity and degree of distress increased over time.

Urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and quality of life in women submitted to total hip replacement.

Hip osteoarthritis (OA) compromises functioning. Total hip replacement (THR) is the indicated treatment and may improve urinary incontinence (UI) and symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB). Assess UI, OAB symptoms, and quality of life (QoL) impact in preoperative and postoperative periods of women submitted to THR and investigate associated factors. A prospective cohort was conducted with 183 women submitted to THR. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) and SF-12 questionnaires were administered pre- and 3 and 6 months after surgery. Significant improvements were found in UI and QoL 3- and 6-month postoperatively in the overall sample and in the subgroup with preoperative UI. The multivariate regression revealed that the preoperative ICIQ-SF and ICIQ-OAB final scores were the best predictors of UI 6-month postoperatively. The factors the best predicted the occurrence of UI 6-month following THR were the preoperative ICIQ-OAB scores and preoperative UI. Each unit of increase in the ICIQ-OAB increases the chances of UI by 26.9% and preoperative UI increases the chances of postoperative UI by 18.7-fold. A weak but significant negative correlation was found between the ICIQ-SF score and the SF-12 score. Significant improvements in UI, OAB and QoL were found at 3- and 6-month postoperatively. Preoperative ICIQ-SF and ICIQ-OAB final scores were the best predictors of UI at 6 months after surgery. We found significant association between urinary symptoms and THR, but this association is partially explained by current literature.

Is the Deep Endometriosis or the Surgery the Cause of Postoperative Bladder Dysfunction?

To assess whether deep endometriosis surgery affects the bladder function. Prospective multicenter observational study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). Academic research centers. Thirty-two patients with diagnosis of deep endometriosis requiring surgery. Women were evaluated with urodynamic studies, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Urinary Incontinence Short Form, and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder Module questionnaires before and 3 months after surgery. The main outcome measure was the impact of deep endometriosis surgery on urodynamic parameters. All cystomanometric parameters showed an improvement postoperatively: in particular, the first desire to void (120 vs 204 mL; p <.001) and the bladder capacity (358 vs 409 mL; p=.011) increased significantly after surgery. Of the uroflow parameters, the maximal voiding flow improved significantly postoperatively (19 vs 25 mL/s; p=.026). The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Urinary Incontinence Short Form (2.5 vs 0; p=.0005) and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder Module (4.3 vs 1.2; p <.001) questionnaires showed a significant postoperative improvement too. Our data show that in a selected population of patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis (not requiring bowel or ureteral resection), the bladder function improves after surgery, both during filling and on voiding urodynamic phases. Postoperatively, patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis become aware of bladder filling later, have a higher bladder capacity, and have a higher maximal flow. The postoperative urodynamic results are corroborated by the improved scores on the bladder questionnaires.