Incontinence Quality Of Life Scale Research Articles

Comparison of the efficiency of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and manual therapy in children with cerebral palsy with lower urinary system dysfunction- a randomized prospective trial

Neurological defects in children with cerebral palsy (CP) not only affect their motor skills but also lead to bladder and bowel problems. Although most children with CP have achieved urinary control, more than 50% of cases experience lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Common LUTS complaints observed in CP include delayed toilet training, urinary incontinence, increased frequency of urination, urgency, urinary hesitancy, and recurrent urinary tract infections. This study aimed to prospectively evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two different physiotherapy approaches, sacral Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and massage, on lower urinary tract dysfunction in children with CP. A total of 54 children with CP who had the Dysfunctional Voiding Scoring System (DVISS) of 8.5 or higher were included in the study. Children were randomized to the TENS (TG; n=27) and Manual Therapy (MG; n=27) groups. TENS application was performed 2 sessions in a week for 20min for a total of 12 weeks. The electrodes used during the application were adhered bilaterally to the parasacral region (S2-S4). 4 electrodes of 5×5cm were used. Classical bowel massage was applied to the MG with the friction massage technique twice a week for 12 weeks. Manual therapy applications were performed in the form of abdominal, colon, and friction massage, twice a week for 20min by the physiotherapist. Massage was applied to the abdominal region between the lower subcostal border and the anterior superior iliac spine. Questionnaires were applied before and after treatment interventions: DVISS, functional bladder capacity (FBC), frequency of voiding, and urinary incontinence episodes evaluated by bladder diary, Bristol Gaita Scale, and Pediatric Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (PIN-Q) used. The decrease in the episodes of incontinence was higher in the TG (p=0.037; p<0.05). FBC increased after treatment in both groups, but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=0.683; p>0.05). Manual therapy was more effective in improving constipation symptoms. In both groups, DVISS and PIN-Q values decreased after treatment, but the decrease in TG was statistically significant in the evaluation made between groups (p=0.001; p<0.01). Both parasacral TENS and massage provided a significant improvement in LUTS, constipation, and quality of life but TENS showed a bigger improvement. We suggest adding these interventions to the treatment of bladder and bowel problems in CP children.

Anatomical sphincteroplasty as a surgical treatment for faecal incontinence: proposal for a global anatomical reconstructive surgical procedure and results from a case series.

The aim of this study is to describe the technical details and clinical and functional results of anatomical sphincteroplasty as a global reconstructive surgery for the treatment of faecal incontinence caused by anal sphincter lesions. This was a prospective, longitudinal study that included patients who underwent the anatomical sphincteroplasty procedure described here to treat complete sphincter damage. We have described the different technical steps in detail. We evaluated the intraoperative and postoperative complications rate, Cleveland Clinic Score (CCS), a modification of the CCS that included soiling (mCCS), the Faecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (FIQLS), and patient satisfaction. An endoanal ultrasound and anorectal manometric study were performed in all the patients. Forty-four patients were included with a mean of 40.5months follow-up. The CCS reduced from 15 to 3.3 points and the mCCS from 18.5 to 4.5 points over the study period; p < 0.001. Excellent or good results were achieved in 93% of cases. Endoanal ultrasounds showed a good sphincter repair in 66% of the cases. Anorectal manometry showed an increase in the mean maximal resting pressure from 27.6mmHg to 41.7mmHg and of the maximal squeeze pressure from 57.9 to 93mmHg (p < 0.001) with respect to the preoperative values. Anatomical sphincteroplasty is a surgical proposal for the global anatomical reconstruction of anal sphincter lesions, even in cases of very severe damage. The procedure is safe and produced excellent clinical and functional results after a medium-term follow-up.

Low anterior resection syndrome: Incidence and association with quality of life.

Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) causes devastating symptoms and impairs quality of life (QOL). Although its incidence and risk factors have been reported, these data are scarce in Japan. This study aimed to elucidate the incidence and risk factors of LARS as well as to evaluate its association with QOL in Japanese patients. Patients with anal defecation at the time of the survey between November 2020 and April 2021 were included, among those who underwent anus-preserving surgery for rectal tumors between 2014 and 2019 in tertiary referral university hospital. The severity of LARS and QOL were evaluated with the LARS score and the Japanese version of the fecal incontinence quality of life scale (JFIQL), respectively. Primary endpoint was the incidence of major LARS. Secondary endpoints were risk factors and association with JFIQL. Of 332 eligible patients, 238 (71.7%) answered the LARS survey completely. The incidence of major LARS was 22% overall, and 48% when limited to lower tumors. Independent risk factors included lower tumors (OR: 7.0, 95% CI: 2.1-23.1, p = 0.001) and surgical procedures with lower anastomoses (OR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.2-18.5, p = 0.03). The JFIQL generic score correlated moderately with the LARS score (correlation coefficient of -0.65). The JFIQL generic score was also significantly lower in lower tumors. The incidence of major LARS is 22% in Japanese patients, and independent risk factors include lower tumors and surgical procedures with lower anastomoses. More severe LARS is associated with worse QOL which is significantly more impaired in patients with lower tumors.

Long-Term Male Sexual Function and Fecal Incontinence Outcomes for Adult Patients with Hirschsprung Disease or Anorectal Malformation

BackgroundThis study sought to characterize sexual function and fecal incontinence related quality of life (QOL) outcomes for adult males with anorectal malformation (ARM) or Hirschsprung's Disease (HD). MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey study of male patients ≥18 years with ARM or HD. Patients were identified from our institutional database, contacted and consented by telephone, and sent a REDCap survey via email. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) and Male Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ) evaluated erectile dysfunction (ED) and ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD), respectively. The Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score (CCIS) and the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (FIQLS) assessed fecal incontinence-related outcomes. A linear regression analysis of IIEF-5 scores compared to CCIS scores was used to evaluate for an association between ED and incontinence. ResultsOf 63 patients contacted, 48 completed the survey. The median age for respondents was 22.5 years (IQR 20–25). There were 19 patients with HD and 29 patients with ARM. On the IIEF-5 survey, 35.3% report some level of ED. On the MSHQ-EjD survey, the median score was 14 out of 15 (IQR 10.75–15), indicating few EjD concerns. The median CCIS was 5 (IQR 2.25–7.75) and the median FIQL scores ranged from 2.7 to 3.5 depending on the domain assessed, demonstrating some QOL challenges secondary to fecal incontinence. On linear regression analysis, IIEF-5 and CCIS scores were weakly associated (B = −0.55, p = 0.045). ConclusionsMale adult patients with ARM or HD may have ongoing concerns with sexual function and fecal incontinence. Level of EvidenceLevel 4. Type of StudyCross-Sectional Survey Study.

Anorectal Malformations: Ideal Surgery Timing to Reduce Incontinence and Optimize QoL.

Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are rare and involve a wide spectrum of malformations. Prenatal diagnosis is often incomplete, and the diagnostic pathway is started during the newborn period to identify the type of malformation and the correct treatment. This retrospective study included patients between 8 and 18 y.o. diagnosed with ARM, referring to Our Clinic. We proposed two questionnaires, Rintala Bowel Function Score and the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale, and we defined four groups referring to surgical timing (age in months < 3, 3-6, 6-9, >9). In total, 74 patients were recruited (mean age 13.05 ± 2.80 y.o.), and data analysis showed a significant relationship between comorbidity and surgical timing. Moreover, timing was related to outcome in terms of fecal continence (better if surgery performed before 3 months) and Quality of Life (QoL). QoL, however, is influenced by other factors (emotional and social life, psychological sphere and take of care of chronic disease). We considered rehabilitation programs, more often practiced by children who underwent surgery after 9 months, to maintain an appropriate relational life. This study highlights the importance of surgical timing as the first step of a multidisciplinary follow-up, taking care of the child in every phase of his growth, tailored to the single patient.

The Clinical Study on Short-Term Efficacy of Pelvic Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Pelvic Muscle Biofeedback on Female Idiopathic Overactive Bladder.

To evaluate the short-term efficacy of pelvic magnetic stimulation combined with pelvic muscle biofeedback on female Idiopathic Overactive Bladder (IOAB). 96 cases of IOAB females were randomly divided into control group (magnetic stimulation treatment n=48) and observation group (magnetic stimulation with biofeedback n=48). All the patients were dealt with the sacralneuromagnetic stimulation (once, qod), with 5 times in total. Then the patients in observation group were processed with biofeedback (10 times). Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), Patients Perception Bladder Condition (PPBC) and Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (I-QOL) were evaluated as the indexes. The effective rate of control group and observation group respectively were 89.58% and 93.75%. There were significant differences (P=0.67). The OABSS and PPBC of two groups were decreased, I-QOL were increased after treatment (P<0.05). Difference was statistically significant in OABSS three months after treatment between the two groups (P=0.00).The recurrence rate of three months after treatment of the two groups were 18.75% and 6.38% (P=0.04). Both magnetic stimulation alone and magnetic stimulation with biofeedback were effective and safe in female patients with IOAB. Magnetic stimulation with biofeedback may reduce the recurrence rate and continue to improve the symptoms in a certain extent.

The Role of Physiotherapy in Parity-Induced Flatus Incontinence: A Case Report

Gas incontinence also known as Flatus incontinence is a common postpartum anal incontinence which impairs social participation and also lacks established protocol of management. Symptom persistency has been reported after perineal muscles repair due to weakness/ loss in function of the pelvic floor muscles. This case report describes about the importance and effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Rehabilitation (PMR) in a 28year old primiparous woman, four months postpartum who presented with parity-induced flatus incontinence aggravated after sexual activities at a the Physiotherapy clinic of a state government owned hospital located in the south eastern part of Nigeria. Pelvic Muscle Rehabilitation (PMR) and Stabilization exercises were administered thirty minutes (30mins) to forty-five minutes (45mins) three times (3x), a week (1 week) for four weeks (4weeks). There was a significant reduction in Mark’s (Vaizey) score by more than 2 points at the end of the four weeks of physiotherapy intervention and also patient recorded improvement in all the domains of faecal incontinence quality of life scale, pelvic floor muscle strength (anal squeeze pressure) and pelvic floor muscle function (endurance and coordination).

Do levels of self-efficacy affect urinary incontinence, falls, quality of life, sleep, and physical activity in elderly people with urinary incontinence?

Our study aims to determine whether different self-efficacy (SE) levels affect urinary incontinence symptoms, falls, quality of life, sleep, and physical activity in elderly individuals with incontinence. Our secondary aim is to examine the relationship between SE levels and urinary incontinence severity, quality of life, sleep status, fear of falling, and physical activity level. One hundred twenty elderly individuals (median age: 71years) with urinary incontinence participated in the cross-sectional study. Participants were divided into 3 groups as levels of low, moderate, and high according to their Geriatric SE Index for Urinary Incontinence (GSE-UI). Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6), Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7), Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (I-QOL), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Fall Efficacy Scale (FES), Rapid Assessment Physical Activity (RAPA), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) assessments associated with incontinence were performed. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Spearman's correlation. A significant difference was found in UDI-6, IIQ-7, I-QOL, and FES belonging to three groups according to GSE-UI levels (p ˂0.01, p ˂0.01, p ˂0.01). It was determined that the group with low GSE-UI level had the highest incontinence symptoms, fear of falling, and the lowest quality of life statistically significant. A negative moderate significant correlation was found between GSE-UI scores and UDI-6 (r: - .67, p ˂0.01), IIQ-7 (r: - .67, p ˂0.01), and FES (r: - .46, p ˂0.01). In elderly individuals with urinary incontinence, the level of SE may affect incontinence symptoms, severity, fear of falling, and quality of life and may be an important factor for incontinence. An increased level of SE may lead to positive effects on the user interface. Further studies in this field are needed.

Urinary symptoms and incontinence in postmenopausal women and the effects on quality of life

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the effects of urinary symptoms and incontinence on quality of life in postmenopausal women. The sample of the cross‐sectional study consisted of 327 women aged 50–65 who visited primary healthcare centers between 16 April and 30 July 2018. The data were collected using a personal information form, the Urinary Symptom Profile Questionnaire (USP) and the Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (I‐QOL). The mean age of the women participating in the study was 57.89 ± 5.05. It was found that 50.5% of the women had a history of incontinence. While the total mean USP score of all women participating in the study was 4.94 ± 4.81, it was 7.98 ± 4.85 for the women with a history of incontinence. The mean total I‐QOL score was 87.09 ± 16.04 in all women and 76.95 ± 16.93 in the women with a history of incontinence. The women with a history of incontinence were found to have a strong negative correlation between their total USP and total I‐QOL scores. In this study, it was found that the quality of life of women with urinary incontinence, especially their psychosocial health, was found to be significantly affected.

Stress Urinary Incontinence during Pregnancy in Primigravidae and Their Quality of Life

This research was performed to determine the risk factors causing stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and its effect on quality of life during pregnancy in primigravidae. The study is a cross-sectional study conducted with 324 primigravidae who were followed up in the antenatal outpatient clinics. Incontinence quality of life scale (I-QoL) questionnaire exploring the risk factors for SUI was used as the principle data collection tool. The prevalence of SUI during pregnancy was 38.6% (125/324). Multivariate analysis; maternal UI (OR = 2.9, 95% CI:1.5-5.5), sister having UI (OR = 5.6, 95% CI:1.5-20), gestational DM (OR = 3.3, 95% CI:1.2-8.6), pre-pregnancy BMI (OR = 1.08, 95% CI:1.0-1.1), smoking (OR = 4.3, 95% CI:1.8-10.2), constipation (often) (OR = 6.2, 95% CI:2.2-17) were determined as risk factors for SUI. It was determined that SUI during pregnancy affects the quality of life of women slightly. According to the results of this study, SUI is a common condition during pregnancy in primigravida. The findings will increase the awareness of healthcare professionals about SUI and contribute to the design of programs for the prevention of urinary incontinence during antenatal period.

The new therapeutic option for female stress and stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence: Periurethral hypertonic saline (10%) injection.

We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of periurethral hypertonic saline (10% NaCl) injection in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence (S-MUI) in women. This was a prospective study conducted between January 2014 and April 2018 with 64 women (44 SUI and 21 S-MUI). Patients with SUI and S-MUI were evaluated using the Urinary Distress Inventory 6. Quality of life was evaluated with the Incontinence Quality of Life Scale and lower urinary tract symptoms of the women were evaluated with the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Modules. Incontinence status and treatment success were assessed via the Stamey incontinence grade and pad test. The subjective success rate was 58.5%, and the objective success rate was 81.5%. The rate of reinjection was 21.5%, and the mean duration of reinjection was 8.92 months (3-19 months). Minor adverse effects were observed in 30.4% of the 79 injections. International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Modules and Incontinence Quality of Life Scale scores improved remarkably starting from the first month. Urinary Distress Inventory 6 scores in the S-MUI group also improved. The results indicate that hypertonic saline injection is an effective and safe method in the treatment of SUI and S-MUI. Since hypertonic saline is a much cheaper and more accessible substance compared to bulking agents, it seems to be a viable alternative for urinary incontinence treatment in women.

Demirtaş Erciyes-Mid urethral fibrin fixation technique (DE-MUFFT) for female stress urinary incontinence: A case series

Factors including suburethral blood flow impairment, collagen deficiency, and the lack of tissue healing factors are known to play a role in stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Autologous fibrin (AF) appears to be a viable material for the treatment of SUI. The aim of this study was to present the initial clinical outcomes of a novel technique named “Demirtaş Erciyes-Mid Urethral Fibrin Fixation Technique (DE-MUFFT)” that involved the placement of AF material in the suburethral space instead of sling material (mesh). In this study, the clinical outcomes of five women with pure SUI who underwent the placement of AF material in the suburethral space were examined retrospectively. The complaint of urine leakage during physical exertion and patients’ quality of life were assessed using Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (I-QoL), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF), Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7), and 24-h pad test. Patient outcomes were evaluated preoperatively, at sixth week and third month postoperatively. Significant improvement was obtained in the quality-of-life tests and 24-h pad test. In all patients, the complaint of urine leakage disappeared almost completely. No adverse event or postoperative complication occurred in any of the patients. These results indicated that DE-MUFFT can be a promising procedure in the treatment of SUI due to its biocompatibility, minimally invasive nature, re-applicability, and cost-effectivity.

Cross-Cultural Validation and Adaptation of the Moroccan Version of the Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Scale: CONTILIFE

International Journal of Medicine and Public Health,2021,11,3,155-159.DOI:10.5530/ijmedph.2021.3.28Published:August 2021Type:Original ArticleCross-Cultural Validation and Adaptation of the Moroccan Version of the Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Scale: CONTILIFENada Otmani, Nabil Tachfouti, Angéla Filankembo, Nadia Benaicha, Mariam Atassi, Khaoula El Kinany, Amina Chrifi Alaoui, Noura Qarmiche, and Samira El Fakir Nada Otmani*, Nabil Tachfouti, Angéla Filankembo, Nadia Benaicha, Mariam Atassi, Khaoula El Kinany, Amina Chrifi Alaoui, Noura Qarmiche, Samira El Fakir Laboratory of Clinical Research and Community Health, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, MOROCCO. Abstract:Objectives: The objective of this study is to adapt and validate, the CONTILIFE, a quality of life questionnaire, in Moroccan dialect, and to assess its psychometric properties in women suffering from urinary incontinence. Materials and Methods: A total of 104 women were enrolled in the study. The reliability, construct validity, and clinical validity were assessed using the standardized procedures. Results: The results showed that the Moroccan version of the CONTILIFE has very good psychometric properties. Internal consistency was found to be strong (Cronbach’s α: 0.87 to 0.96). The inter-rater reliability, and the test-retest for the global score and de six subscale’s scores were too well. Results for multitrait scaling analysis showed that all items exceeded the 0.4 criterion for convergent validity in all scales. Item-discriminant validity was 100% successful for all items. Conclusion: The Moroccan version of the CONTILIFE is a valid and reliable tool to assess the impact of urinary incontinence on health-related quality of life in Moroccan women. Keywords:Contilife, Quality of Life, Reliability, Urinary Incontinence, ValidityView:PDF (182.03 KB)

Neurogenic bowel dysfunction score in spinal cord-injured patients: translation and validation of the Dutch-language NBD score.

This is a prospective validation study. The neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) score is a widely used symptom-based questionnaire evaluating bowel dysfunction and its impact on quality of life (QoL) in spinal cord-injured patients. This study aimed to translate and validate a Dutch-language NBD score in patientswith SCI. Patientswith SCI visiting the urology department or general practitioner (GP) in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Standardized guidelines were followed for the translation and validation process of the NBD score. Adult patientswith SCI visiting our urology department were asked to participate by filling in a set of questionnaires: the NBD score, the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life scale (FIQL), the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI), and the European Quality of life 5-Dimension 3-Level questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) at baseline and 1-2 weeks afterward. A control group recruited at a GP office completed the questionnaires once. The following measurement properties were evaluated: content validity, internal consistency, reproducibility, criterion-, and construct validity. Fifty-eight patients and 50 references were included. Content validity was adequate, internal consistency was moderate (Cronbach's alpha 0.56 and 0.30) and reproducibility was adequate (ICC 0.87). Criterion validity was confirmed; NBD score correlated significantly with the FIQL, FISI, and EQ-5D-3L. NBD scores in the patient group were significantly higher than in references, demonstrating good construct validity. The Dutch-language version of the NBD score showed moderate to good measurement properties, and therefore is a reliable tool to measure bowel dysfunction in patientswith SCI. We recommend standardized usage of this questionnaire for clinical evaluation and research purposes.

Better quality of life and reduced fecal incontinence in rectal cancer patients with the watch-and-wait follow-up strategy

IntroductionThe watch-and-wait (WW) strategy is an alternative to anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer (RC) that have had a complete clinical response to neoadjuvant treatment. Few reports describe the quality of life and functional anorectal disorders (FADs) in that population. AimTo analyze and compare the FADs and quality of life in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the rectum treated with neoadjuvant therapy, divided into two different strategy groups: group 1 (G1), WW; and group 2 (G2), anterior resection. Materials and methodsThirty patients (G1: n = 20 and G2: n = 10) that had finished neoadjuvant therapy at least 12 months prior were included. Mean patient age was 59.5 years (range: 41-79) and 15 of the patients were men. The FADs were evaluated through: a) clinical history, b) 21-day bowel diary, c) Jorge and Wexner fecal incontinence scale, d) anorectal manometry (ARM), and fecal incontinence quality of life scale (FIQL). ResultsBowel diary: fecal incontinence (40%) and urge to defecate (45%) in G1 vs. fecal incontinence (60%) and urge to defecate (30%) in G2, with no significant differences (p = NS). Fecal incontinence scale: fecal incontinence in G1 was significantly less severe than that in G2 (median 6.5 points vs. 13 points [p = 0.0142]). ARM: no differences between the two groups. Quality of life: significantly different between the two groups (FIQL/G1: 3.7 vs. FIQL/G2: 2.8; p < 0.03). ConclusionsThe WW follow-up strategy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer was associated with better quality of life and reduced fecal incontinence.

The association between bladder dysfunction, balance and falls in women with multiple sclerosis: The specific contribution of fear of falling.

Bladder dysfunction is the most common autonomic disturbance in people with MS (PwMS). Only a few studies have examined the relationship between bladder dysfunction and falls in PwMS. Bladder dysfunction has been deemed only a secondary outcome measure, and classified by a gross measure providing a limited perspective of this disturbing symptom. Furthermore, no study to date has focused on the relationship between bladder dysfunction and balance performance in PwMS. Determine the relationship between bladder dysfunction with balance, falls and fear of falling in women with MS. The study was observational, including 44 women with MS, mean age 46.3 (SD = 5.7), all with at least a mild bladder dysfunction. Outcome measures included the Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (I-QoL), Bladder Control Scale (BLCS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Four Square Step Test (FSST), Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), Falls status, and posturography. Participants performed the TUG in 14.1 s (S.D. = 11.1), and the FSST in 20.5 s (S.D. = 22.4). A relatively large proportion (68.2 %) of women was classified as fallers. However, no differences were found between those classified as fallers (n = 30) or non-fallers (n = 14) in terms of the I-QoL and the BLCS, controlling for age, EDSS and number of vaginal deliveries. Significant correlations scores were found between the I-QoL, BLCS and FES-I (rho ∼0.47), while controlling for age, EDSS and number of vaginal deliveries. No associations were demonstrated between the bladder dysfunction outcome scores and either the TUG and/or FSST. Women afflicted with MS and suffering from bladder dysfunction tend to fall and present with more balance difficulties compared with disability-matched PwMS. Nevertheless, once bladder dysfunction is detected, the perceived severity of the condition is not associated with balance and prevalence of falling, but rather on fear of falling.

Effect of Core Stability Exercises and Pelvic Muscle Exerciser Appartus on Pelvic Floor Muscle Strength, Quality of Life and Sexual Satisfaction in Women with Urinary Incontinence and Uterine Prolapse

Introduction: Nowadays, urinary incontinence is a common problem among women. Kegel and core stability exercises might be effective in the treatment of urinary incontinence and its complications. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of core stability exercises and pelvic muscle exerciser on pelvic floor muscle strength, quality of life, and sexual satisfaction in women with urinary incontinence and uterine prolapse. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest design. The paticipants were30 women with the urinary incontinence who were selected using purposeful sampling and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. In the pretest and posttest, participants filled out the Larson's Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (LSSQ) and Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (IQOL), their pelvic muscle strength was measured using a pelvic biofeedback device, and intensity of urinary incontinence by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Experimental group performed the core stability exercises for eight weeks (three sessions of 30 min per week) and used Pelvic Muscle Exerciser XFT-200. Control group continued their routine daily activities. Results: Ten people from each group completed the follow-up and were analyzed. Findings suggested that core stability exercises and using pelvic muscle exerciser had a significant effect on the avoidance of severe urinary incontinence (P 0.05) and sexual attitude (P>0.05). Conclusion: It appears that core stability exercises in women with urinary incontinence could strengthen pelvic floor muscles and improve uterine prolapse in these people. In addition, handling the symptoms of urinary incontinence may improve the variables of quality of life in women with uterine prolapse and urinary incontinence.

Patient-reported outcomes and outcome measures in childbirth perineal trauma research: a systematic review.

In evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in perineal trauma research, outcomes reported by patients should have a prominent focus. There is no international consensus regarding the use of either patient-reported outcomes (PROs) or tools used to determine these outcomes (patient-reported outcome measures, PROMs). The objective was to evaluate the selection, reporting and geographical variations of PROs and PROMs inrandomised controlled trials (RCTs) on perineal trauma. We performed a systematic review of RCTs in perineal trauma research evaluating outcome and outcome measure reporting. We identified PROs and PROMs and grouped PROs into domains and themes, a classification system based on a medical outcome taxonomy. Of 48 included RCTs, 47 reported PROs. In total, we identified 51 PROs. Outcome reporting consistency was low, with 27 PROs reported only once. Nine PROs were reported more than five times, the most frequent being perineal pain, with no geographical variation in reporting. Four themes encompassing 12 domains were identified. The most frequently reported theme was "Clinical", with 25 PROs grouped within four domains. "Resource use" and "Adverse events" themes were rarely reported, with only five PROs. PROMs also exhibited variation. Most common were visual analogue scale (VAS; 100mm), Cleveland Clinic Continence Score, The Faecal Incontinence Quality of Life scale, VAS (0-10) and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Significant heterogeneity in PROs and PROMs was observed among RCTs. Despite inconsistency, PROs are the most prevalent outcome in perineal trauma research. Patient-reported adverse events are underreported. Their use in determining the effectiveness and safety of interventions makes their integration important in perineal trauma core outcome sets. Identification and grouping of outcomes will assist future core outcome consensus studies.

Validation of the Dutch-Language Version of the Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction Score in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

Neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD), like fecal incontinence and constipation, is a common symptom of disease in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The NBD score is a validated symptom-based questionnaire consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions. The aim of this study was to validate the Dutch version of the NBD score in patients with MS, creating an objective measuring tool of bowel dysfunction. Translation and validation of the NBD score was performed according to standardized guidelines. Adult patients with MS visiting a urology department completed a set of questionnaires (test): the NBD score, the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life scale (FIQL), the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI), and the EQ-5D 3-Level questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L). After 1 to 2 weeks, the questionnaires were completed again (retest). A control group recruited at a general practitioner's practice completed the questionnaires once. Data were analyzed for measurement properties. Sixty-one patients and 50 controls were included. Content validity was adequate, internal consistency was moderate (Cronbach α = 0.57 and 0.41), and reproducibility was excellent (interclass correlation coefficient = 0.78). Criterion validity was confirmed; the NBD score correlated moderately/strongly with the FIQL, FISI, and EQ-5D-3L. The NBD scores in the patient group were significantly higher than those in the control group, demonstrating good construct validity. The Dutch version of the NBD score showed moderate to good validity and good reliability for assessment of NBD in patients with MS.

Impact of Urinary Incontinence on Quality of Life Among Older Adults Living in a Rural Area of Turkey.

The current study aimed to identify the frequency of urinary incontinence (UI), its effects on quality of life, and risk factors in older adults living in rural areas of Turkey. For this descriptive study, 400 older adults aged 65 to 96 years were interviewed. Data were collected using a sociodemographic form and the Incontinence-Quality of Life Scale (I-QOL). Among those interviewed, 56.3% experienced UI. Logistical regression analysis revealed chronic illness, gender, and level of education as risk factors for UI. Significantly lower (p < 0.05) I-QOL scores were found for older adults having UI, holding urine, leaking urine while coughing/sneezing, involuntarily urinating more than once per day, or wetting themselves. Most participants did not seek help, citing embarrassment or viewing UI as normal. UI significantly reduces older adults' quality of life. Educational and consultation services, especially for older, illiterate, married women with chronic illness, would help these individuals sustain healthy lives. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47(6), 43-52.].