Income Protection Research Articles

The heart of the matter: a re-iteration of the role of the social determinants of health in addressing health inequity in Central Australia.

The persisting life-expectancy 'gap' between First Nations and non-First Nations Australians is fundamentally driven by the social determinants of health. These include income and social protection, access to adequate housing and food security, among others. These factors are particularly prominent in Central Australia. Inadequate housing has led to some of the highest rates of Streptococcus pyogenes infection in the world, which in turn drives an extremely high prevalence of rheumatic heart disease. Food insecurity and inadequate social protection manifesting as energy insecurity result in inadequate nutrition and have resulted in a huge burden of diabetes in Central Australia. These factors, combined with social exclusion, racism and the pervasive effect of colonisation, also drive a high rate of alcohol misuse. Only by prioritising equity in these 'social determinants' and emphasising the importance of First Nations leadership in formulating and implementing solutions will health inequity be addressed.

Failure in Fully Funded Pensions: Voluntary Exchange and Coercion

Private pension failure for much of the economics mainstream would be regarded as an artifact of markets that are insufficiently regulated, such that suppliers are able to exploit monopoly advantages, and are free to make serious errors of judgment. Market failure analysis is flawed, however, by its own failure to acknowledge salient elements of the institutional context of private pension provision, which, while it has been regulated according to approved public interest ends, has been prone to suboptimal investment performance. Drawing on classical liberal political economy, an alternative account of private pension failure would emphasize the perverse consequences of state intrusion in the market for retirement income protection. The origins of regulation failure can be traced back to a combination of two policy decision dynamics, one of intentional rent creation, a second of imperfect knowledge and understanding of markets resulting in flawed regulatory arrangements. By stifling competition, regulation diminishes the capacity of pension markets to serve pension plan participants by means of improved investment performance. The prevalence of private pension failure is an artifact of regulatory intrusiveness. Given this direction of causality, a better approach to policy would rest centrally on the deregulation of pension markets.

Unemployment insurance for the self-employed: A conceptual way forward

In this contribution we give common guidelines on how unemployment schemes for the self-employed could be developed in practice. These guidelines have been derived from national descriptions contained in this special edition on unemployment protection for the self-employed, or in other recent comparative contributions on the matter. Our reference framework is the EU Council Recommendation (2019) on Access to Social Protection, and more in particular the overall objective that social protection should be designed in a labour status neutral manner and, where necessary, adapted to the specific work situation of the professional groups covered. Applied to unemployment, the design of the scheme should be as similar as possible to that of unemployment insurance for wage earners. However, it is crucial to adapt the rules as specifically as necessary to the nature of self-employed work, such as, for example, the fact that the self-employed do not work for an employer. Starting from this basis, we developed key rules with regard to unemployment schemes for the self-employed. We did so by addressing the essential components of unemployment schemes: the definition of the unemployment risk, financing, access and entitlement conditions, and re-eligibility in case of repeated claims for unemployment benefits. We also address recent evolutions in the labour market, such as coverage when multiple activities are performed (combining activities as an employee and as a self-employed person), and elaborate on situations involving temporary closure of the self-employed activity (e.g. due to Covid-19) and partial unemployment. In conclusion, we provide some reflections on the apparent ongoing evolution of the risk of unemployment towards a broader income protection scheme, which not only provides income replacement in case of a final loss of professional activity or self-employed business, but also gives structural income support if the person loses income partially due to external economic and/or social reasons.

UMBU TREE (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam. - Anacardiaceae): FROM EXTRACTIVE TO PLANTED CULTURE IN BRAZIL

Umbu tree (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam.) is botanical species native to the Caatinga that plays significant cultural and economic role in Northeast Brazil. The aims of this study to evaluate the trend in umbu fruit production over a period of 21 years and to discuss the cultivation of the species, associated with its socioeconomic and environmental advantages in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil. Data on extractive production and the monetary value of umbu fruit were obtained from the official platform of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Silvicultural aspects cultivation, management, and its market was obtained from specialized literature. Descriptive statistics on the data set and a trend analysis through regression model fitting was carried out using JMP® software. A downward trend in umbu tree fruit was estimated for most states, except for Alagoas, Paraíba, and Rio Grande do Norte. Alagoas was the only one with the best average variation (74.6%) in production and price (US$ 0.83) per kg of production via extractivism. The cultivating through plantations for commercial fruit umbu production is an alternative to overcome the declining trend in extractivism, ensuring continuation of family income and environmental protection of umbu tree populations in their natural habitats.

Millennials' Insurance Product Purchase Intention in Malaysia: An Exploratory Study

This cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the factors influencing Malaysian millennials' purchasing intentions for an insurance product after post-COVID. This study applied the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model. In particular, it investigates the antecedents of perceived value, income protection, and financial security that led to Malaysian millennials' purchase intention of insurance products, to which similar studies received less attention. Judgmental sampling approaches were used to acquire the samples. The data was analysed using the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling technique (PLS-SEM) followed by Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA). According to the PLS-SEM estimation, all hypotheses were statistically significant. The finding shows that income protection is the most critical factor influencing insurance product purchase intentions, followed by financial stability and perceived value. Meanwhile, NCA results also demonstrated that income protection is the most crucial must-have factor driving insurance product purchasing intentions. Perceived value has a greater impact than financial security and ranks as the second must-have factor contributing to purchase intention, followed by financial security. Lastly, NCA results suggest that tax savings are not a must-have factor in determining the perceived value of an insurance product. This study provides valuable insights and practical implications for industry and practitioners. Meanwhile, to fill a methodological gap, this study used PLS-SEM combined with the NCA to uncover the must-have factors contributing to Malaysian millennials' intention to purchase insurance products.

Institutional change and ecological structural change

The paper presents a model discussing the political economy dimension of the green transition. There are brown sectors whose share in value-added and employment should contract and green sectors whose share should increase. Green technological changes require more skilled workers, potentially exacerbating inequalities between them and unskilled workers. Trade unions advocate for a “Just Transition”, ensuring income protection and creating new “green jobs”. However, the green restructuring of the economy demands highly subsidized investments in the short run. A political economy problem arises: how to regulate brown capitalists, support green capitalists, and prevent unskilled workers from joining forces with brown capitalists to block the green transition. The solution can be positive feedback between green technical change, non-price competitiveness, and employment. The BOPCG model allows for highlighting the role of catching up in green technologies in non-price competitiveness and endogenous institutional change to give rise to a growth path consistent with the idea of a “just green transition”.

“This Voicemail Box Is Full”: Landlord Perceptions of Communication Issues as a Key Challenge to Participating in the Housing Choice Voucher Program

The Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) program, which is the largest rental subsidy program in the United States, relies on the participation of landlords. Research shows, however, that not all landlords are willing to participate. The present study analyzes qualitative, semi-structured interviews conducted with landlords (N = 25) in an effort to deepen our understanding of their experiences with the HCV program, and specifically, to explore the challenges they face in communicating with the public housing authority (PHA). The sample comes from a city where the financial incentive to participate is not strong, and a lack of source of income protections makes landlord participation more voluntary. Landlords reported communication issues with the local PHA as one of the biggest challenges of working with the program—specifically, difficulty interacting with staff and accessing program information. Ultimately, these communication issues created negative experiences for landlords, characterized by frustration and feeling unsupported, which led some to reduce their participation. These findings suggest a need to improve communication between PHAs and currently participating landlords, especially in light of recent expansions in the HCV program.

Governmentality Practices in Community Empowerment: One Step to Create Economic Income and Social Protection in Pematang Johar Village, Deli Serdang Regency

Linking governmentality practices to community empowerment programs in rural areas is based on the Indonesian government's claim that the success of development in villages is due to the involvement of the central government in directing development planning in villages through the various technical regulations they issue. Village governments are only given space for elaboration and accommodation of regulations made by the central government based on local values, local potential, needs and interests of village communities. The existence of this space for elaboration and accommodation makes the practice of governmentality applicable in rural areas, namely giving freedom and authority to villages but at the same time directing them with various possible choices that are actually desired by the state. This article finds the operation of governmentality practices in the discourse of increasing economic welfare rationalized by the Pematang Johar Village Government for the community through the development of rice field tourism objects in their village. This discourse is able to change the village community's perception of the goals of village development, which until now have only been understood in terms of infrastructure development. Through this discourse, the village government is able to form empowered people; namely village people who are continuously trained in skills, corrected and disciplined. The self-adaptation that they carry out is of course aimed at increasing their capacity and quality from the status of the tasks they carry out daily in the rice field tourism which leads them to become economically prosperous.

Higher unemployment benefits are associated with reduced drug overdose mortality in the United States before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

ObjectivesOverdose mortality rates in the United States remain critical to population health. Economic , such as unemployment, are noted risk factors for drug overdoses. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated economic hardship; as a result, the US government enacted income protection programs in conjunction with existing unemployment insurance (UI) to dampen COVID-19-related economic consequences. We investigate whether UI, operationalized as the weekly benefit allowance (WBA) replacement rate, is negatively associated with drug-related overdoses. MethodsData from the pooled 2014–2020 Detailed Restricted Mortality files for all counties from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, restricted to people ≥18 years of age, aggregated at the county-quarter level (n = 89,914). We included any fatal drug, opioid, and stimulant overdose. We modeled the association between WBA replacement rate (e.g., a greater proportion of weekly earnings replaced by UI) on each county-level age-adjusted mortality outcome using separate linear regression models during 2014–2020, pre-COVID (2014–2018), and post-COVID (2019-2020). We conducted sensitivity analyses using multi-level linear regression models. ResultsResults indicated that a more robust WBA replacement rate any drug (Risk Difference [RD]: −0.06, 95 % Confidence Interval [CI]: −0.08, −0.05), opioid (RD: −0.04, 95 % CI: −0.06, −0.03), and stimulant (RD: −0.03, 95 % CI: −0.04, −0.02) across the entire study period (2014–2020). A more robust WBA replacement rate was associated with fewer fatal drug, opioid and stimulant overdoses in the pre-COVID-19 period and on fatal any drug and stimulant overdoses in the COVID-19 period. ConclusionsFindings support the notion that income protection policies, such as robust UI, can have a supportive role in preventing fatal drug overdoses, calling for a broader discussion onthe role of the safety net programs to buffer drug-related harms.

Non‐standard employment, low standard of living? The role of labour market and social policy measures in preventing material deprivation in different employment trajectories in Europe

AbstractWhile the poverty risks of non‐standard employment have been explored extensively, this study focuses on the role of activation‐oriented social policy in alleviating material deprivation for persons with non‐standard employment histories. Using EU‐SILC data, individuals over a four‐year period were analysed. I focused on substantial earners and distinguished between six non‐standard employment histories expected to benefit from activation measures. Multi‐level models revealed that compared to standard employment histories, all non‐standard employment histories had higher material deprivation risks but to substantially different extents. At the macro level, participation in activation measures, expenditures in formal childcare and minimum income protection reduced material deprivation. Participation in training can be interpreted as an equaliser, as the deprivation gap between standard and most non‐standard employment history types diminished. As expenditure‐ and participation‐based measures differed significantly, evaluating the success of activation strategies in reducing inequalities and alleviating poverty highly depends on the measurement of activation.

ОБЛІКОВА СТАВКА НБУ: НАСЛІДКИ ТА ДОЦІЛЬНІСТЬ ПОДАЛЬШОГО ЗНИЖЕННЯ

Introduction. The purpose of the latest increase in the key rate from 10% to 25% in June 2022 is the following: protection of savings and income of individuals in national currency; increasing attractiveness of hryvnia-denominated assets; easing the pressure of excess liquidity on the foreign exchange market; strengthening the ability of the NBU to ensure exchange rate stability and streamline inflationary processes during the war. The increase in the key rate was also supposed to increase the yield on domestic government loan bonds and deposit certificates of the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU), rates on line deposits in the national currency, and the cost of servicing hryvnia loans for legal entities and individuals. Over a period of up to 15 months, the key rate remained at the same level of 25%. As the dynamics of inflation faded, the regulator started a cycle of gradual easing of monetary policy. allows to analyze the intermediate results of such a reduction. Reporting of the financial and external sectors of the economy published by the NBU and supervisory statistics as of December 1, 2023 allow to analyze the intermediate results of the reduction. Problem Statement. Determining the preliminary consequences and justifying the expediency of further gradual reduction of the NBU key rate aimed at overcoming the main problems of the monetary and credit system of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law. The purpose is the analysis of the main intermediate results of the gradual reduction of the key rate in Ukraine, which directly affect the performance of its key functions by the monetary and credit system of Ukraine, and justification of the most urgent state measures aimed at overcoming the current negative trends in the monetary sphere. Methods. General scientific and special methods are used: analysis, synthesis, grouping, description, comparison, theoretical generalization and abstract-logical. Results. The key preliminary consequences of the gradual reduction of the key rate in Ukraine are analyzed, in particular: the dynamics of refinancing attracted by banks, bank investments in NBU deposit certificates, investments of the regulator and banks in domestic government loan bonds (OVDPs), corporate and retail lending, bank deposits of households and corporations by terms and currencies, individual indicators of the foreign exchange market. Conclusions. The key positive consequences of the key rate reduction are: gradual recovery of banks' credit activity; reorientation of banks' investments from the purchase of NBU deposit certificates to increasing investments in OVDPs, which made it possible to stop emission financing of the budget deficit by the NBU; maintaining a positive yield on term deposits in the national currency, which stimulates the population to further increase the volume of bank deposits. Instead, the practice of sterilizing the "excess" liquidity of banking institutions through their purchase of overnight and three-month deposit certificates of the NBU continues and and provokes a further increase in the volume of excess liquidity of the banking system due to a fairly high level of profitability of this instrument. Expected conservation of moderate rates of inflation in the short term determines the expediency of a further gradual decrease in the level of the key rate, provided that the positive return on time deposits of the population in the national currency is maintained. To overcome the current negative trends in the monetary sphere it is advisable: to consider the possibility of reducing the yield of NBU deposit certificates to a level comparable to the yield of “short “ OVDPs; to ensure the synchronization of the yield of “new” time deposits of the population in the national currency by terms at the level of five state banks; to consider the expediency of resuming the practice of compulsory sale of part of the foreign currency earnings of exporters at the level of at least 50% during the period of martial law; to intensify the use of non-monetary methods and anti-inflation policy measures, taking into account the joint responsibility of the government and regulator for anti-inflation policy.

The status and influencing factors of lung ventilation function in employees exposed to dust in enterprises of the XPCC, China.

Occupational health is closely related to harmful factors in the workplace. Dust is the primary contributing factor causing impaired lung ventilation function among employees with dust exposure, and their lung ventilation function may also be influenced by other factors. We aimed at assessing the status and influencing factors of lung ventilation function among employees exposed to dust in the enterprises of the Eighth Division located in the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC), China. Employees exposed to dust in enterprises of the Eighth Division located in the XPCC in 2023 were selected as the subjects of this cross-sectional study. Their lung ventilation function indicators were extracted from health examination records, and an on-site electronic questionnaire survey was conducted among them. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the factors influencing lung ventilation function. According to the fixed value criteria, the abnormal rates of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were 31.6, 1.4, and 0.4%, respectively. The lower limit of normal (LLN) criteria could overestimate the rate of abnormal lung ventilation function. Several factors were related to impaired lung ventilation function, including gender, age, education level, marital status, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, physical activity, the type of dust, industry, enterprise scale, occupation, length of service, working shift, monthly income, and respiratory protection. A relatively low abnormal rate of lung ventilation function was observed among employees exposed to dust in enterprises of the Eighth Division, XPCC, and their lung ventilation function was associated with various factors. Effective measures should be taken urgently to reduce the effects of adverse factors on lung ventilation function, thereby further protecting the health of the occupational population.

Socioeconomic and fiscal returns of expanded investment in immunization: a case for life-course vaccination in Colombia.

Despite the health, societal, and economic benefits of immunization, many countries focus primarily on childhood immunizations and lack robust policies and sufficient resources for immunizations that can benefit populations across the life course. While the benefits of childhood vaccination are well documented, there is limited evidence on the financial and social return on investment that policymakers can use to inform decisions around administering a life-course immunization program. We developed a cost-benefit model from a societal perspective to evaluate the inclusion of 5 vaccines across the life course in Colombia's national immunization program. This model estimated a return of US$1.3 per US$1.0 invested in the first 2 decades, increasing to US$3.9 after 60 years. Primary benefits were productivity gains, followed by fiscal savings and household averted expenditure on health care. Furthermore, vulnerable households are predicted to receive 3.2 times greater income protection than formally employed households under a life-course immunization program. Consequently, there is a potential to reduce Colombia's income inequality and poverty rate by increasing access to immunization for all ages.

Looking beyond the workplace: Trade unions and the politics of poverty in Italy

AbstractThere is ample literature to suggest that labour's interests are at odds with the extension of income protection to ‘outsiders’. Until recently, Italian unions were reluctant, if not outright obstructive, towards the introduction of a minimum income scheme (MIS). After the 2008 financial crisis and its dramatic social and economic consequences, however, the three major labour confederations supported the introduction of a national MIS, openly embracing the fight against income insecurity. Why did trade unions overturn their conservative approach and eventually support social assistance safety nets? Drawing upon textual evidence and semi‐structured interviews, the paper suggests that the Italian labour movement, albeit with differences among the confederations, has radically changed its preferences towards social assistance. Unions gradually shifted from a ‘deservingness’ logic (championing ‘hard work’) to one of reservation wage (the ‘we are all in the same boat’ narrative). Weaknesses in labour market peripheries have encouraged the labour movement to defend those at risk of poverty. The Italian case has wider implications for actors' preferences and roles in welfare reform, showing that structural and strategic factors may encourage labour to join coalitions that support welfare ‘de‐dualisation’ pathways.

Shifts at the margin of European welfare states: How important is food aid in complementing inadequate minimum incomes?

In recent decades, disappointing poverty trends and welfare state limitations in many European countries – including constraints on minimum income benefits – have paved the way for a larger role of the third sector. An interesting but controversial form of third-sector in-kind support is food aid provision. In Europe, food aid is, so far, a non-rights-based practice displaying worrisome discretionary and stigmatizing characteristics. Yet, the phenomenon of food aid in Europe has spread, professionalized, and penetrated the institutions of the welfare state. This raises the question if, how and to what extent food aid plays a role in bypassing structural constraints on minimum income protection. This article applies an exploratory case study approach to estimate the monetary value of food aid in relation to statutory minimum incomes in four EU-countries. We use cross-nationally comparable food reference budgets to price food aid packages in Belgium, Finland, Hungary and Spain. The results show that food aid, although not sufficient to close the at-risk-of-poverty gap, is non-trivial for some European households. In Spain and Belgium food aid packages can reach up to €100 a month (expressing 7% to 11% of respective minimum income benefit levels). Importantly, we perceive (formalized) cooperation and interaction between local welfare agencies and food charities in all countries, suggesting that welfare state actors use non-rights-based food aid for filling gaps in the social safety net. The large between- and within-country variation of the monetary values of food aid packages points, however, to food aid as a problematic discretionary practice.

Electoral cycles and public spending during the pandemic

AbstractThis paper uses a newly assembled dataset on various types of social protection spending in 154 countries during the COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021 to analyze the effect of the electoral cycle on the size and composition of the social protection stimulus budget. The analysis shows that the longer the time since the last election in a country—and thus the sooner the next election date—the larger the share of the social protection pandemic budget allocated to social assistance and income protection, and the lower the share allocated to job retention schemes. The electoral cycle appears to have impacted the size of social assistance spending only in countries with high political competition.

A European Unemployment Benefit to Protect Atypical Workers?

This paper evaluates the potential of a common unemployment insurance scheme for the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU-UI) to improve income protection of atypical workers, namely those in part-time and temporary contracts. Our approach relies on simulating entitlements to national unemployment insurance and the EMU-UI to assess their effects on the household disposable income of atypical workers in the event of unemployment. Our results show that the introduction of an EMU-UI would reduce coverage gaps and increase net replacement rates, especially for atypical workers, and would protect a large share of the workforce against the risk of poverty. Extending eligibility for the EMU-UI to the self-employed would further improve income protection, reducing their risk of falling into poverty in the event of unemployment.

Spatio-temporal characteristics of traditional village landscape pattern and its influencing factors from the perspective of tourism development: a case study of Huangcheng Village, China

ABSTRACT Tourism development promotes economic income and cultural protection of traditional villages, but it also disturbs their landscape pattern and ecosystem. This study is aim to explore the process characteristics and mechanisms of the impact of tourism development on the landscape pattern of traditional villages. Taking Huangcheng Village, a typical tourism-oriented traditional village as a case, this research selects four remote sensing images from 1995 to 2020 according to its key time nodes of tourism development, analyzes its landscape expansion and pattern change, and uses Geodetector to explore influencing factors. The results show that: (1) The landscape change mainly presents the non-natural landscape continuously occupying the natural landscape, and expands continuously around tourist resources in edge-expansion and leapfrog-expansion manner, among which the expansion from 2003 to 2011 is the most significant; (2) The dominance and connectivity of non-natural landscape are enhanced, and the overall landscape pattern experiences a “relatively complete – tending to fragmentation – tending to completeness” change process; (3) The dominant factors affecting landscape pattern have stage characteristics. The results emphasize the role of tourism-related socio-economic and policy factors in influencing landscape pattern, which is significant for the landscape pattern optimization and sustainable development of tourist-type traditional villages.

Unmet Need for Modern Contraceptive Methods Among Displaced Married Women in Their Reproductive Years in Bishan Guracha Town, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.

Background: Refugees and conflict-affected areas are often unreached by national strategies and programs. As a result, high unmet needs are more likely because of their social interruption with their traditional information sources, support, protection, and lack of income which limits refugees' ability to make a free choice that would allow them to plan and space the number of children they desire. Information on the unmet needs of internally displaced persons (IDPs) women is scarce. This study is aimed at assessing the magnitude of the unmet need for modern contraceptive methods and associated factors among IDPs currently married reproductive-age women. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 393 internally displaced women currently married reproductive-age women using a simple random sampling method using a structured, pretested, and interview-administered questionnaire. A logistic regression model was used to identify associated factors. Statistically significant variables at p value < 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were entered into multivariable analysis, and statistical significance was declared at p value ≤ 0.05. Results: About 160 (40.7%) (95% CI: 35.94%-45.67%) of women had an unmet need for modern contraceptive methods, 139 (35.4%) for spacing, and 21 (5.3%) for limiting. Less than 18 years of age at first marriage, lack of access to modern contraception, lack of discussion with healthcare providers, and travel time of 30 min or more to obtain family planning were found to be risk factors for unmet contraceptive needs. The risk of unmet need for modern contraceptives was high among women who were married at age of less than 18 years of age in comparison with women who were married at 18 and above (AOR = 1.559; 95%CI = 1.019-2.385). Unmet needs were higher among participants who had no adequate availability of modern contraceptive methods than those who had adequate availability of modern contraceptive methods (AOR = 1.738; 95%CI = 1.125-2.684). Similarly, the odds of unmet needs were 1.673 times higher among participants who did not discuss FP with healthcare providers than those who discussed FP with healthcare providers (AOR = 1.673; 95%CI = 1.085-2.581). Moreover, the odds of unmet needs were 1.551 times higher among participants who traveled 30 min and above to access family planning services as compared to those respondents who traveled below 30 min (AOR = 1.551; 95%CI = 1.002-2.401). Conclusion and Recommendations: The magnitude of the unmet need for modern contraceptive methods was higher than both the Ethiopian national and Oromia regional state total unmet need for the general population. Governmental and nongovernmental organizations should increase their efforts to reduce this high magnitude of unmet needs by emphasizing those factors that have a great contribution to unmet needs.

Adoption of Climate-Smart Rice Production Practices and Technologies: A Tool Towards Rice Production Efficiency and Agricultural Sustainability

Climate change and high rice imports pose significant threats to local rice production, food security, and the livelihoods of rice farmers. This study examines the potential of climate-smart rice practices and technologies to enhance domestic production and adapt to environmental changes in major rice-producing municipalities within South Cotabato, Region 12, focusing on the clusters of Norala, Santo Niño, and Banga. Using surveys from 189 farmers and interviews with technical personnel, the study identified synchronous planting, alternate wetting and drying (AWD), and direct seeding as the most commonly adopted practices. Conversely, rainwater catchment facilities and Rice Crop Manager (RCM) technology had lower adoption rates. Cost and return analyses demonstrated increased yields and net income for farmers employing the most adopted practices. The findings suggest that higher adoption rates for climate-smart practices can be achieved through training programs, financial assistance, and community demonstrations. The study recommends collaboration between the Department of Agriculture and other stakeholders to enhance farmer awareness, develop agricultural education programs, and provide vocational training on sustainable practices to attract young farmers. Financial and technical support for farmers is also essential. Replicating the study in other regions and with different farmer groups will strengthen its findings. By empowering farmers to achieve higher yields, secure income, and environmental protection, climate-smart rice production offers a sustainable path toward national rice security.