Inclusive Development Strategy Research Articles

The Status and Development of Informal Housing in Guangzhou Urban Villages

Amid rapid urbanization, the housing market must be more robust to provide housing for vulnerable groups. In China, informal housing, represented by urban villages, provides a large amount of living space and alleviates the emergence of urban poverty and slums. However, due to the social and environmental problems of urban villages, there are certain contradictions with the sustainable development of cities. This paper takes Guangzhou as an example, looking at the trajectory and underlying mechanisms of informal housing growth in urban villages utilizing field surveys and questionnaire interviews. The study extracts the current housing conditions and development concerns in urban villages and tries to unearth the economic and social issues behind urbanization. In addition, this study discusses the inclusive development strategy of informal housing in urban villages from three aspects: the improvement of affordable housing, the protection of migrant populations' rights and interests, and the renovation and renewal of urban, which offer insight into managing informal housing and supporting sustainable development in developing countries.

Exploring urban housing disadvantages and economic struggles in Seoul, South Korea

The present study investigates urban poverty in Seoul, South Korea, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on housing and economic challenges. Employing principal component analysis, clustering algorithms, and visualization techniques, it analyzes archived data to uncover disparities in housing conditions and economic well-being across Seoul. The research reveals significant socio-economic divisions, with over 75% of the city’s areas marked by vulnerability, indicating widespread poverty or the concentration of economically disadvantaged populations. This highlights the pervasive nature of poverty and the precarious situation of the urban poor, who are at risk due to fragile living conditions. The findings advocate for inclusive urban development strategies that prioritize the needs of marginalized groups, suggesting a shift from focusing solely on economic growth to ensuring equitable welfare for all residents.

Effect of Increasing Population on Resource Management and Impact on Sustainable Development Goals

This article explores the intricate relationship between population growth and sustainable development in Haryana, India, examining the challenges, opportunities, and pathways forward. With a steadily increasing population, Haryana faces a multitude of socio-economic and environmental challenges, including water scarcity, food security, land use management, energy demand, sustainable use of resources. Rapidly increasing population and poor management of resources has put a lot of strain on the environment as well as the daily life of the people. Through a comprehensive analysis of these issues, we aim to uncover the underlying drivers of population growth and their implications for sustainable development in the state. We explore the interconnected nature of population dynamics and sustainable development goals, focusing on the need for integrated planning, policy implementation, and infrastructure development. We highlight the importance of education, awareness, and inclusive development strategies in addressing social disparities and promoting resilience. Ultimately, we advocate for a holistic approach to sustainable development in Haryana, one that prioritizes long-term sustainability over short-term gains and fosters collaboration and innovation across sectors. By embracing sustainable practices, investing in green infrastructure, and fostering partnerships, we believe that Haryana can chart a course towards a more prosperous, equitable, and resilient future for all residents. Through dialogue, collaboration, and collective action, we envision a future where population growth and sustainable development are mutually reinforcing, where the needs of the present are met without compromising the ability of future generations to thrive. As we navigate the complexities of population growth and sustainable development in Haryana, we invite stakeholders to join us in shaping a brighter, more sustainable future for the state and its people.

Access of Urban Poor to Basic Services: Concerns of Sustainability and Equity

Sharp inequality in India’s urban economy, coupled with an increasing reliance on the market system for infrastructure and basic services, has led to inadequate access to and poor quality of amenities for the urban poor. Disparities in welfarist interventions by central and state governments, manifest in changing administrative paradigm, have impacted inequality trends and patterns. Given this macro scenario, this article is designed to achieve two objectives: one, an analysis of the differential access of urban poor to select basic amenities and changes therein over time at the national level. An attempt is also made to bring out the deficits in amenities for households in different asset quintiles within the framework of India’s inclusive development strategy. Two, to analyse the pattern of access to basic services across the states, their changing pattern over time, and probe into their interdependencies with indicators of environmental sustainability. The basic idea is to examine quantitatively the complex relationship between the utilisation of natural resources, environmental degradation, and the provisioning of basic amenities to the poor. The possibility of the poor being forced to use non-renewable resources, posing serious threats to their micro-environment and its long-term implications are discussed using available secondary data and over-viewing empirical research on the subject. The article concludes by proposing broad directions in which solutions to the twin problems of providing a decent living environment to the poor and ensuring ecological sustainability can be sought.

Exploring the Discrepancy between Marketing Focused on Racial and Ethnic Diversity and the Availability of Support for Immigrant Entrepreneurs in Economic Development

This study investigates the complex relationship between the emphasis on racial and ethnic diversity in economic development marketing and the availability of grant or loan programmes for immigrant entrepreneurs. Utilizing a comprehensive survey conducted in collaboration with the International City/County Management Association and Cornell University, the research analyses responses from chief administrative officers across U.S municipalities. The study employs quantitative analysis to examine the correlation between diversity-focused marketing strategies and the existence of financial support mechanisms for immigrant entrepreneurs. Key findings reveal a statistically significant association between the emphasis on diversity in marketing and the presence of support programmes. However, the study highlights the discrepancy between marketing claims and actual support available to immigrant entrepreneurs. The policy implications suggest a need for authentic integration of diversity in both marketing and program implementation, emphasising the role of tangible support mechanisms. The findings underline the necessity of holistic and inclusive economic development strategies that align promotional efforts with practical support for immigrant entrepreneurs.

The Impact of Digital Financial Inclusion on Regional Green Innovation Research

Relying on green technological innovation and developing green technology is an important support for the green transformation of society. This paper empirically analyzes the impact and mechanism of digital finance on green innovation by comprehensively applying fixed effect model, multiple linear regression and mediation effect model. The results show that digital inclusive finance can significantly incentivize green innovation, and the conclusions remain robust after multiple robustness tests. The mediation effect analysis shows that digital inclusive finance can enhance entrepreneurial activity, promote industrial structure optimization and alleviate financing constraints, and then promote the development of green innovation. Heterogeneity analysis shows that heterogeneous factors such as the size of the non-state economy, environmental regulations, and distance from Hangzhou make significant differences in the impact of digital inclusive finance on regional green innovation. Therefore, the application of digital inclusive finance in the field of green innovation should be strengthened, digital inclusive finance supporting equipment and systems should be vigorously constructed and improved, digital inclusive finance development strategies should be formulated according to local conditions, and other factors should be coordinated to play a role in conjunction with digital inclusive finance in order to guide green transformation.

Dynamics of Economic Growth and Its Influence on Community Welfare: Case Analysis in Developing Countries

This journal article explores the dynamics of economic growth and its impact on community welfare, with a specific focus on developing countries. Economic growth is a pivotal factor in shaping the well-being of communities, and understanding the intricate relationship between growth patterns and welfare outcomes is essential for informed policymaking.
 The study employs a case analysis approach to delve into the unique challenges and opportunities faced by developing countries. By examining the dynamics of economic growth, the research aims to uncover the mechanisms through which growth translates into tangible improvements in community welfare indicators.
 The analysis encompasses a range of economic factors, including GDP growth, employment rates, income distribution, and access to basic services. Special attention is given to the role of social and economic policies in mediating the effects of growth on community welfare.
 Through an in-depth examination of selected developing countries, the study seeks to identify patterns and best practices that contribute to positive welfare outcomes. It also explores potential challenges and disparities that may hinder the equitable distribution of benefits from economic growth.
 The findings of this research provide valuable insights for policymakers, economists, and development practitioners. By elucidating the dynamics between economic growth and community welfare in the context of developing countries, the study contributes to the ongoing discourse on sustainable and inclusive development strategies.
 In conclusion, this article underscores the importance of considering the multifaceted nature of economic growth and its implications for community welfare. The research advocates for a holistic approach to development that goes beyond GDP figures, emphasizing the need for policies that foster inclusive growth and ensure that the benefits of economic progress reach all segments of society.

Exploring the impacts of local development initiatives on tourism: A case study analysis

This study investigates the intricate relationship between local development initiatives and tourism, with a specific focus on their impacts. By utilizing input-output matrices and a survey-based vector of tourist expenditure, we calculate both direct and indirect effects using accounting multipliers. The study assesses the potential return on investment and the generation of future income resulting from a 2.3 million euros investment. Our findings illuminate the predominantly positive impacts of local development initiatives on tourism. We underscore the importance of strategic planning, community engagement, and sustainable practices in optimizing the benefits and addressing potential challenges associated with local development for tourism. While this research primarily emphasizes the positive aspects, it recognizes the need for a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted impacts. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship between local development and tourism. The study's practical insights and recommendations are valuable for policymakers, local communities, and tourism stakeholders, guiding them toward adopting sustainable and inclusive development strategies that maximize the positive impacts of tourism.

Exploring the role of the belt and road initiative in promoting sustainable and inclusive development

AbstractSustainable and inclusive development aims to achieve long‐term economic growth while ensuring environmental and social sustainability. This study investigates the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative (B&R) in promoting sustainable and inclusive development in Chinese provinces along its route, considering it a quasi‐natural experiment. To assess the effects, we construct an index system that captures critical dimensions of sustainable and inclusive development. The results reveal that the B&R has positively influenced sustainable and inclusive development in the Chinese provinces along the route. This impact is facilitated through transmission mechanisms such as technological innovation and upgrading industrial structures. However, variations exist between provinces along the Silk Road Economic Belt and those along the Maritime Silk Road, with the former experiencing more pronounced effects. These findings provide a valuable foundation for the government to leverage the B&R and develop comprehensive sustainable, and inclusive development strategies. Furthermore, this study offers insights into promoting high‐quality development in an open economy context.

PERCEPTION MAPPING OF COASTAL COMMUNITIES OF BALOCHISTAN ON SOCIOECONOMIC ISSUES IN RELATION TO CPEC

This research paper presents a study on the perception mapping of coastal communities in Baluchistan, converging on their socioeconomic issues associated with the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The CPEC is a significant infrastructural project that aims to enhance connectivity between China's western region and Pakistan's Gwadar port, located in Baluchistan province. This connectivity will have certain impact in the region; specially the adjoining areas of Gwadar Port and the roads/ highways leading to Gwadar. This study focuses on understanding the perceptions of coastal communities towards the socioeconomic impact of CPEC, as it has the potential to bring both positive and negative changes to the region. The objective of this study is to understand the apprehensions and perceptions of the coastal communities in Balochistan regarding socio economic implications of the CPEC. To attain this objective, mixed methods approach has been adopted; incorporating both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques. Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and surveys have been conducted to gather primary data from the local residents, government officials, and other stakeholders. The findings reveal a diverse range of perceptions among the coastal communities regarding the socioeconomic issues related to CPEC. While some participants expressed hope and confidence about the potential economic benefits and improved infrastructure, while others raised concerns about environmental degradation, displacement, and inequitable distribution of resources. These findings have implications for policymakers, project developers, and community stakeholders, highlighting the need for inclusive development strategies, environmental safeguards, and transparent governance mechanisms to address the concerns and leverage the opportunities associated with CPEC. The analysis of this study also identifies key factors influencing t

Inclusive Development Strategy Based on Regional Excellent Potential Mapping through Business Clusters in Supporting MSME Marketing Development: Penta Helix Approach

The MSME sector has become a pillar of the Magelang City economy with a contribution to the economy of 60%. The MSME sector in Magelang City is currently experiencing a decline due to two factors including the Covid-19 pandemic and the characteristics of the MSME business itself. Thus, it is necessary to map the potential of MSMEs based on business cluster-based superior potential so as to support the accelerated development of MSMEs in Magelang City, as well as encourage the creation of strategic policies in responding to shocks that occur in the economy quickly and purposefully. This study uses the Geographic Information System (GIS) model. This analysis discusses the characteristics of MSMEs in Magelang City. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is a multivariate technique that combines aspects of multiple regression (testing dependency relationships) and factor analysis (describing concepts that cannot be measured factors with multiple variables), and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method arranges a priority as well as the purpose of the various options using several criteria. Based on the analysis result of marketing capabilities through social media and marketing performance directly have a significant influence on competitive advantage. Based on AHP analysis, the most prioritized criterion in developing the MSME marketing network in Magelang City is government policy.

Development of Smart Mobility Infrastructure in Saudi Arabia: A Benchmarking Approach

Smart mobility systems offers solutions for traffic congestion, transport management, emergency, and road safety. However, the success of smart mobility lies in the availability of intelligent transportation infrastructure. This paper studied smart mobility systems in three Asia-Pacific countries (South Korea, Singapore, and Japan) to highlight the major strategies leading their successful journey to become smart cities for aspiring countries, such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), to emulate. A robust framework for evaluating smart mobility systems in the three countries and Saudi Arabia was developed based on the indicators derived from the smart mobility ecosystem and three major types of transport services (private, public, and emergency). Sixty indicators of smart mobility systems were identified through a rigorous search of the literature and other secondary sources. Robots, drones, IoT, 5G, hyperloop tunnels, and self-driving technologies formed part of the indicators in those countries. The study reveals that the three Asia-Pacific countries are moving head-to-head in terms of smart mobility development. Saudi Arabia can join these smarter countries through inclusive development, standardization, and policy-driven strategies with clear commitments to public, private, and research collaborations in the development of its smart mobility ecosystem. Moreover, cybersecurity must be taken seriously because most of the smart mobility systems use wireless and IoT technologies, which may be vulnerable to hacking, and thus impact system safety. In addition, the smart mobility system should include data analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence in developing and monitoring the evaluation in terms of user experience and future adaptability.

Design and development of a digital intervention for crime prevention: a road safety intervention targeting young driver non-compliance

PurposeThis purpose of this study is to outline an inclusive development strategy for crime prevention interventions. Crime prevention interventions are delivered to the target audience to convey an evidence-based message to dissuade would-be offenders from carrying out crimes. However, rarely is the target audience involved when designing crime prevention interventions.Design/methodology/approachUsing the Delphi method, this paper documents the design of an intervention aimed at improving young drivers’ compliance with road rules, incorporating feedback from both a panel of experts and the target audience of the intervention. While expert feedback guided the content and the context of the intervention, the feedback from the target audience was critical in ensuring that effective delivery and messaging of the crafted intervention would occur.FindingsBy drawing on expert and experiential insights, this exploratory method of intervention design provided a simple and effective way of ensuring the effective delivery of a crime prevention message.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough this study focussed on a road safety intervention, the crime prevention applications of this method are broad.Originality/valueThis paper outlines a collaborative methodology that utilises expert and experiential knowledge towards the design and development of a crime prevention intervention, in this case, targeted at young drivers.

Translation and technocracy in development

This article attempts to determine the role that translation technology might play in effective, indigenous-led development practices. It uses the Maya in Guatemala as an example. Guatemala has seen the growth of a robust non-governmental organization (NGO) sector that implements technocratic, neoliberal development strategies and has historically excluded Maya input (Raxche’, 1996). Mayan languages are a key focus in Maya efforts to assert their autonomy in Guatemala (French, 2010, p. 5). Language barriers still render vital resources inaccessible to the Maya (Fischer-Mackey et al., 2020, p. 906), and few Guatemalan NGOs emphasize Mayan languages in their work (Henderson et al., 2014, p. 80). Translation, therefore, is an essential component of effective and inclusive development practices. Whereas best practices in commercial translation are becoming increasingly intertwined with technology (Rico Pérez, 2019, p. 116), translation technology remains largely absent from humanitarian work (p. 119). Despite the opportunity this gap presents, the implementation of information and communication technology (ICT) such as neural machine translation (NMT) may exacerbate existing power imbalances between technocratic development planners and their intended beneficiaries (Chipidza & Leidner, 2019, p. 153). This article uses a meta-analytical approach in assessing existing research on the subject to illustrate the ways in which language and translation are integral to three key development areas: intercommunity meetings, the health sector, and environmental and social impact assessments (ESIAs). It uses Chipidza and Leidner’s (2019, p. 160) theory of power parity in the implementation of ICT to propose ways in which NMT may serve alternative, more inclusive development strategies in these specific contexts. The article details possible solutions to the anticipated practical challenges of implementing NMT in these contexts; and it highlights the limitations of each NMT application. It serves as a roadmap for implementing translation technology in inclusive development strategies for indigenous communities.

Don't Drop Me Outside in 21st Century: A Cry from the Indus Valley Region

Quality education for all is the 4th universal agenda of sustainable development goals is a comprehensive plan of United Nations Organizations (UNO), but still, millions of schools aged eligible children are out of school globally, particularly the majority of belongs to African and south Asian regions which demand us to analysis the situations and sort out the key challenges and policy flaws. There is a need of the hour to formulate robust policy documents and well-implementation strategies to save the future of tomorrow’s people in greater human development interest. Pakistan is dealing with this chronic problem and at least 22 million Pakistanis children are out of school in the 21st century. The qualitative analysis concludes that scarce allocation and its time-barred utilization system with massive mismanagement hampered the above-referred agenda of human development. The study finds that development allocation fared poorly; a lower literacy rate contributes to unskilled labor, spreading absolute poverty and inequality in the country. The identified social ills spread negative trends in a society like street crime, terrorism, and slow growth in the economy because of the out of school children. There is an urgent need to adopt inclusive development policies, practices, and strategies with a participatory approach to tackle the challenge in greater human development interest.

Introduction to the Special Issue: Policies for Inclusive Development in Africa

While there is increasing academic analysis and policy concern regarding growing inequality and the need for more inclusive development trajectories, it is equally important to advance our understanding of the pathways to attain more inclusive development in practice. This paper serves as the introduction to a special issue examining the empirical outcomes and processes of inclusive development policies in selected countries in Africa. The paper presents a policy implementation and assessment framework as a lens that connects the different case studies. The framework links general inclusive development strategies in employment, social protection and governance, to the participation and representation of the various stakeholders as well as the monetary and non-monetary transaction costs in accessing and/or implementing these programmes on the ground in different national and sub-national contexts. Based on the findings of the 9 case studies, the paper also advances policy directions and operational frameworks to attain more inclusive development in practice.

Transition to formal employment in the BRICS countries: Challenges and perspectives

The article presents the results of a desk study of documents adopted by the ministers of labor and employment of the BRICS countries with special focus on formalization of labor markets. Declarations and other documents were analyzed through the prism of compliance with the concept of decent work, human centered development and development of inclusive labor markets. The author concludes that informal employment remains a challenge for the BRICS countries, both for workers and for governments. For informally employed workers, this status is increasing the risks of violation of labor rights, dismissal, exposure to unsafe or hazardous working conditions, limitation of accessibility of training and re-training needed to update their skills and competences, the risk of not accumulating sufficient pension rights by the time of retirement, etc. For governments, the phenomenon of informality limits their fiscal space and capacity to develop and implement employment and social protection programs and strategies aimed at formalizing labor markets, increasing the well-being of the population and developing human capital. The multilateral co-creation of the BRICS countries in addressing labor and employment issues demonstrates their strong commitment to ensuring full implementation of the decent work concept within their human centered and inclusive development strategy. The constant exchange of information and experience contributes to the fine-tuning of national employment policies to respond to the emerging challenges and opportunities. Strengthening of cooperation among the BRICS countries increases the perspectives of progress in formalizing their labor markets.

Digital Transformation in Mses: A Story from Indonesia

The emergence of digital technology (DT) or information and communication technology (ICT) has created a drastic change in business practices which presents a serious challenge to the success of the implementation of the inclusive development strategy in Indonesia. This chapter discusses how the digitalization process occurs in micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Indonesia and what are the main challenges faced by this business group. The study that underlies this chapter focuses on MSEs in the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. It shows that only a very small number of MSEs utilize digital technology, especially e-commerce for marketing, although the percentage varies by industry group. There are some causes, including a lack of insight or knowledge about the importance of digital technology especially in facing competition, limited capital, lack of ICT infrastructure in their area, and entrepreneurs think no need to use the Internet or e-commerce because they only sell their goods in the local market in small amounts.

Enhancing Schools' Development Activities on Inclusive Education Through In-service Training Course for School Teams: A Case Study.

Most countries face the challenge of reconstructing their education systems to ensure equitable quality education for all children in inclusive settings. This challenge is also relevant in Estonia, the context of this study. A long-term in-service training course for school teams (school leaders, support specialists, and teachers) was developed and implemented in Estonia. The main goal of the training course was to develop attitudes, skills, and knowledge of school staff about the concept and meaning of inclusive education (IE) and the effective implementation through inclusive school development strategies. The aim of the current study was to find out how the in-service training course for school teams influences system-wide changes in the implementation of IE at the school level and what factors affect it. Purposeful sampling (two schools) was used, and the qualitative thematic case study research method was chosen to find answers to the research questions. Data were collected from school policy documents, homework assignments of the training course, semi-structured interviews in the middle and at the end of the training course, open-ended questionnaires at the end of the training course, and researcher diary. The results showed that the in-service training course for school teams enhanced cultural and structural changes at the school level. These changes were influenced by factors such as leadership, collaboration, commitment, and contribution of different parties, system-wide approach, resources, and external expertise. The implications of these findings are discussed further in the paper.

Economic Growth in Six ASEAN Countries: Are Energy, Human Capital and Financial Development Playing Major Roles?

This study aims to investigate whether energy consumption, human capital and financial development played an important role in economic growth using a panel dataset of six ASEAN countries over the period 1995–2017. Various econometric techniques—the cross-sectional dependence, panel unit root, panel cointegration, long-run panel estimates, and panel Granger causality tests—are applied. The results of panel data analyses show that all the selected variables positively contribute to the economic growth of the countries. However, all the six ASEAN countries still rely primarily on physical capital and labour for their economic growth. The findings of country-wise tests indicate that there exists a positive relationship between economic growth and financial development in Cambodia, while human capital positively contributes to the economic growth of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. The causality test exhibits unidirectional causality from energy consumption to economic growth and from economic growth to financial development in both the short and long run. The findings suggest that inclusive development strategies that provide the opportunity for all sectors to grow will result in the desirable three e’s of sustainable economic development: equitable, effective and efficient.