Including Greenhouse Gas Emissions Research Articles

Climate change and its impact on asthma.

Earth's climate is changing at an unprecedented pace, primarily due to anthropogenic causes including greenhouse gas emissions. Evidence shows a strong link between climate change and its effects on asthma. Healthcare professionals must be educated to advocate for and lead effective strategies to reduce the health risks of climate change.

Examining the role of ruminants in sustainable food systems

AbstractSustainable food systems provide food security while stewarding economic, social, and environmental bases in ways to meet future generations' needs. Sustainable food systems encompass the health of animals, people, and ecosystems. Healthy and productive ruminants can produce meat and milk products with fewer resources, and consequently, often fewer greenhouse gas emissions are produced. Ruminant livestock faces the dual challenge of being impacted by and contributing to climate change, while also experiencing increased demand for ruminant meat and milk products due to growing global population and increased incomes. This challenge presents different ways forward depending upon solutions and how one values certain aspects of sustainability, ranging from simply building upon past improvements in ruminant agriculture to dramatic reductions in ruminant livestock populations. Better understanding the concerns with ruminant's role in sustainable food systems is important, as is understanding the different viewpoints and interpretation of evidence both for and against ruminant agriculture. This review provides a brief overview of some of the key issues related to the role ruminant animals play in sustainable food systems, including greenhouse gas emissions, feed‐food competition and land use, and human nutrition. The review also highlights how improved animal health outcomes can enhance ruminants' role in sustainable food systems. Ultimately, ruminants make unique contributions to human flourishing via providing nutrition, livelihoods, and ecosystem services from forage resources and grassland landscapes. However, the status quo is unlikely to meet the challenges of the coming decades, thus investing in research and development into sustainable ruminant systems is required.

Addition of iron does not ameliorate sulfide toxicity by sargassum influx to mangroves but dampens methane and nitrous oxide emissions

Sargassum spp. strandings in the tropical Atlantic harm local ecosystems due to toxic sulfide levels. We conducted a mesocosm experiment to test the efficacy of iron(III) (hydr)oxides in (a) mitigating sulfide toxicity in mangroves resulting from Sargassum and (b) reducing potentially enhanced greenhouse gas emissions. Our results show that iron addition failed to prevent mangrove mortality caused by highly toxic sulfide concentrations, which reached up to 15,000 μmol l−1 in 14 days; timely removal may potentially prevent mangrove death. Sargassum-impacted mesocosms significantly increased methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide emissions, producing approximately 1 g CO2-equivalents m−2 h−1 during daylight hours, thereby shifting mangroves from sinks to sources of greenhouse gasses. However, iron addition decreased methane emissions by 62 % and nitrous oxide emissions by 57 %. This research reveals that Sargassum strandings have multiple adverse effects related to chemical and ecological dynamics in mangrove ecosystems, including greenhouse gas emissions.

A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Roadways vs. Electric Vehicle (EV) Roads: Environmental, Infrastructure, And Technological Perspectives

As the global transportation sector seeks to address pressing environmental challenges and transition towards sustainable mobility solutions, the comparative analysis between Traditional roadways and Electric Vehicle (EV) roads emerges as a critical area of investigation. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of traditional road infrastructure and EV road infrastructure from environmental, infrastructure, and technological perspectives. From an environmental standpoint, the analysis evaluates the life cycle environmental impacts, including greenhouse gas emissions, air and noise pollution, and resource consumption associated with traditional roadways and EV roads. It examines the potential for EV roads to mitigate environmental impacts through reduced fossil fuel dependency, lower emissions, and integration with renewable energy sources. Infrastructure comparisons encompass the design, construction, maintenance, and operation of traditional roadways versus EV roads. Factors such as pavement materials, structural integrity, durability, and lifecycle costs are scrutinized to assess the performance and resilience of each infrastructure type. Additionally, the analysis explores the implications for urban planning, land use, and transportation networks in accommodating EV road infrastructure. Technological perspectives delve into the advancements and innovations driving both traditional roadways and EV roads. It examines the integration of smart technologies, intelligent traffic management systems, and renewable energy solutions in enhancing the functionality, efficiency, and sustainability of road infrastructure. Furthermore, the analysis explores the implications of EV road technologies, such as dynamic wireless charging systems and vehicle-to-grid communication, on future transportation systems. Through a systematic comparison of traditional roadways and EV roads, this study provides insights into the environmental, infrastructure, and technological implications of each infrastructure type. By elucidating the benefits, challenges, and opportunities associated with EV road adoption, policymakers, urban planners, and transportation stakeholders can make informed decisions to advance sustainable transportation solutions and mitigate environmental impacts in the transition to electric mobility.

Sustainable economic growth and energy security nexus: A stochastic frontier analysis across OECD countries

This study aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the sustainable economic growth undertaken by 22 OECD countries from 2005 to 2021. Sustainable economic growth is conceived as environmental-economic efficiency, that is the ability to increase GDP while reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. An efficiency effect frontier model is employed to simultaneously estimate the production frontier, technical inefficiency, and the effects of a composite set of institutional drivers that includes environmental taxation, economic globalization, and energy security. This study makes several contributions. Firstly, it expands upon the traditional single-output stochastic frontier model by incorporating a multi-output distance function. Secondly, it includes GHG emissions as an undesirable output in the analysis, providing unbiased assessments of sustainable economic growth. Thirdly, it explores the effects of an under-investigated institutional variable that has become crucial amid the current geopolitical uncertainty: the energy self-sufficiency represented by the energy import independence. Empirical results shed light on a decreasing trend in environmental-economic efficiency that started in 2009 and worsened during the Covid-19 pandemic. Furthermore, environmental taxation and economic globalization have curbed efficiency. Lastly, energy self-sufficiency has been revealed as a crucial driver to enhance the green growth of OECD countries.

Emerging nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria for sustainable cotton cultivation

Amid growing environmental concerns and the imperative for sustainable agricultural practices, this study examines the potential of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria as biofertilizers, particularly in cotton cultivation. The reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers (SNFs), prevalent in modern agriculture, poses significant environmental challenges, including greenhouse gas emissions and water system contamination. This research aims to shift this paradigm by exploring the capacity of cyanobacteria as a natural and sustainable alternative. Utilizing advanced metabarcoding methods to analyze the 16S rRNA gene, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of soil bacterial communities within cotton fields. This study focused on evaluating the diversity, structure, taxonomic composition, and potential functional characteristics of these communities. Emphasis was placed on the isolation of native N2-fixing cyanobacteria strains rom cotton soils, and their subsequent effects on cotton growth. Results from our study demonstrate significant plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities, measured as N2 fixation, production of Phytohormones, Fe solubilization and biofertilization potential of five isolated cyanobacterial strains, underscoring their efficacy in cotton. These findings suggest a viable pathway for replacing chemical-synthetic nitrogen fertilizers with natural, organic alternatives. The reintegration of these beneficial species into agricultural ecosystems can enhance crop growth while fostering a balanced microbial environment, thus contributing to the broader goals of global sustainable agriculture.

A novel technique for multi-objective sustainable decisions for pavement maintenance and rehabilitation

To maintain pavement in good condition while considering financial costs and sustainability, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive pavement management plan. Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation (M&R) consists of two essential components: firstly, predicting the pavement condition within a specified timeframe, and secondly, employing an appropriate optimization algorithm. This study utilized three ensemble learning techniques including extreme gradient boosting, categorical boosting, and light gradient boosting machine to develop accurate predictions about the pavement condition. Subsequently, the most accurate prediction technique, which was extreme gradient boosting, was combined with non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III which is a multi-objective metaheuristic optimization algorithm, resulting in a hybrid technique that offers highly accurate multi-objective maintenance and rehabilitation planning. Although previous studies neglected important criteria such as road closure in the optimization process, this study takes into account four objective functions including greenhouse gas emission, M&R cost, pavement condition, and road closure to be minimized over a 5-year program. This process generated 52 non-dominated optimal solutions known as the Pareto front. To compare and rank various optimal maintenance and rehabilitation plans, grey relational analysis was employed. The results suggested that there is a direct correlation between M&R costs and GHG emissions. Minimizing only pavement conditions in the planning can significantly increase GHG emissions, M&R costs, and road closure. Implementing preventive M&R actions can reduce M&R costs and overall road closure while light and medium rehabilitation actions are recommended to optimize the condition of pavements.

From a disposable to a sustainable fashion industry: A review of the shameful trade flows of used textiles and the need to address fast fashion

While waste production can contribute to a variety of environmental issues, including greenhouse gas emissions, the production of waste from fast fashion is no exception. Spanning across various sectors such as agriculture, petrochemical production, manufacturing, logistics, and retail, the clothing and textiles industry is considered one of the most polluting industries globally (Bailey et al., 2022). It is responsible for approximately 8 to 10 per cent of total carbon emissions and 20 per cent of global wastewater. In 2021, Chile, for instance, emerged as the fourth-largest importer of used textiles, and the first in Latin America. Currently, imports have surpassed 126,000 million tons per year, with China, the United States, and the Republic of Korea accounting for the majority of imports (Pérez et al., 2022). Drawing on a systematic literature review, the paper aims to shed light on the adverse environmental impacts of fast fashion as a new business approach. By doing so, the paper stresses the need for immediate legal action to halt the current practices of dumping low-quality second-hand clothing in regions of the Global South that lack the infrastructure to effectively handle such hazardous materials. On the whole, the paper concludes that textile waste, similar to plastic waste, is clearly hazardous and, unfortunately, rather obscurely regulated.

Achievement of SDGS globally in biodiversity conservation and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by using green energy and maintaining forest cover

The global partnership for sustainable development is well-positioned to combat climate change and its impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on climate, oceans, marine resources, forests, biodiversity, and land degradation. This study has assessed and evaluated the status of global forests and biodiversity, greenhouse emissions, and global energy perspectives, synthesizing track progress on goals 13 and 15 targets focusing on climate change trends, forest cover, and biodiversity status. Review and analysis of global forest resource and biodiversity assessment, GHG emission inventories, verification of CO2 measurement, statistical review of world energy and renewables contributions to reduction of GHG emissions, and applying quantitative data on environmental change to identify impact and implications showed that the targeted SDG goals are able to address the issues needed to build climate resilience: maintaining forests and biodiversity, achieving zero emissions, and adopting renewables. Forests, which cover 31% of the world's land surface, provide habitat, clean air and water, and help mitigate climate change. However, 13 million hectares are lost each year, resulting in the desertification of 3.6 billion hectares. The world's tree stock has decreased slightly due to a decrease in forest area, with 8% of 8,300 animal breeds extinct and 22% on the verge of extinction, highlighting the importance of sustainable ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation. Global GHG emissions are expected to rise slightly in 2021 to 8 GtCO2e, comparable to or exceeding 2019 levels, and global temperatures could rise over 1.5°C by 2030. Human activities, including greenhouse gas emissions, contribute to global warming, with surface temperatures rising 1.1°C between 2011 and 2020. Mitigation policies expand, but warming may exceed 1.5°C by 2030. The world faces challenges in achieving climate change goals, necessitating increased ambition and implementation. Integrating climate action and sustainable development using renewable energy sources like bioenergy, solar, geothermal, hydropower, and wind is the most effective approach.

Assessment of freight accessibility in New York City: A spatial-temporal approach

Freight transportation is critical to metropolitan regions' economic competitiveness and long-term viability. However, it is one of the activities that produce the most negative externalities, including greenhouse gas emissions. The study of the relationship between freight transportation, land use, and demand management is critical for promoting enlightened policies that increase the social benefits of supply chains while avoiding their undesirable effects, such as climate change. Nonetheless, the tools available to public planners for incorporating freight transportation into their analyses are limited. In this context, this paper aims to highlight the impact that freight demand management strategies and freight-efficient land uses can have on increasing urban freight accessibility. In this study, the authors suggest a freight accessibility framework based on two measures of accessibility (an isochrone-based model and a gravity-based model) to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of freight accessibility in the New York City metropolitan statistical area for four sectors—retail trade, accommodation and food services, transportation and warehousing, and e-commerce. The results indicate that accessibility measures provide valuable insights towards policymaking, particularly to policies that target land use (e.g., location of warehouses), and policies that aim to shift the traffic of freight vehicles to periods with less traffic congestion.

Bio-Nanoparticles Mediated Transesterification of Algal Biomass for Biodiesel Production

Immense use of fossil fuels leads to various environmental issues, including greenhouse gas emissions, reduced oil reserves, increased energy costs, global climate changes, etc. These challenges can be tackled by using alternative renewable fuels such as biodiesel. Many studies reported that biodiesel production from microalgae biomass is an environment-friendly and energy-efficient approach, with significantly improved fuel quality in terms of density, calorific value and viscosity. Biodiesel is produced using the transesterification process and the most sustainable method is utilizing enzymes for transesterification. Lipase is an enzyme with excellent catalytic activity, specificity, enantio-selectivity, compatibility and stability and hence it is applied in microalgae biodiesel production. But, difficulty in enzymatic recovery, high enzyme cost and minimal reaction rate are some of its drawbacks that have to be addressed. In this aspect, the nanotechnological approach of lipase immobilization in producing microalgae biodiesel is a promising way to increase production yield and it is due to the adsorption efficiency, economic benefit, recyclability, crystallinity, durability, stability, environmental friendliness and catalytic performance of the bio-nanoparticles used. Through increasing post-harvest biomass yield, absorption of CO2 and photosynthesis in the photobioreactor, the use of nanoparticle immobilized lipase during the generation of biodiesel from microalgae has the potential to also remove feedstock availability constraints. This review article discusses the production of microalgae biodiesel, and effect of nanoparticles and immobilized lipase nanoparticles on biodiesel production. The advantages of using lipase nanoparticles and the challenges in introducing the immobilized lipase on nanoparticles in large-scale microalgae biodiesel production are also discussed. Reducing the water and land use, energy and nutrient footprints of integrated algae-based operations must be the main goal of larger-scale experiments as well as ongoing research and development in order to expedite the adoption of microalgae-based biodiesel production. Also, the cost-effectiveness and large-scale availability of nanoparticles and the impact of lipase nanoparticles on engine performance should be analyzed for commercialization of microalgae biodiesel.

CARBON FOOTPRINT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA AND GHANA

The study investigates the relationship between carbon footprint and economic growth in Nigeria and Ghana over the period 1990 to 2020 (31 years). The carbon footprint related variables used in the study include greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy consumption, electricity consumption and trade openness; these were regressed against GDP per capita (a proxy for economic growth). The fully modified least square and panel dynamic least square were employed for the main analysis of the study. The findings revealed that greenhouse gas emissions and renewable energy consumption have significant negative effect on economic growth in Nigeria and Ghana; while electricity consumption and trade openness have insignificant positive and negative relationship with economic growth respectively. The study recommends among others that, the governments should initiate carbon pricing law which should be implemented through a tax policy specifically on the emissions from burning of biomass which consist of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from the combustion of biomass in forest areas and carbon dioxide gas from the combustion of organic soils. High taxes will scare and deter indiscriminate bush burning among others resulting in serious environmental pollution and degradations. This measure will help reduce adverse GHG emissions and positively impact economic growth.

Regional topsoil organic carbon content in the agricultural soils of Slovakia and its drivers, as revealed by the most recent national soil monitoring data

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a primary constituent of soil organic matter and plays an important role in the regulation of many soil processes, including greenhouse gas emissions. Recently, SOC also became an indicator for monitoring climate change mitigation policies in the agricultural sector. The availability of up-to-date SOC inventories is thus crucial in terms of supporting SOC–related actions at country or sub-country scales. Currently, the National Monitoring System of the Agricultural Soils of Slovakia (CMS-P), whose network of 318 monitoring sites was last surveyed in 2018, is the only available source of up-to-date topsoil SOC data for agricultural land in Slovakia. Although very useful at the national scale, the number of CMS-P observations it contains is too limited for much needed sub-national SOC inventories. We hypothesized that with the aid of well-chosen macro-scale drivers of topsoil SOC accumulation in agricultural land in Slovakia, and by mapping those drivers geographically, we could upscale the CMS-P observations and produce a regional estimate of topsoil SOC. Altitude, land cover, topsoil texture, and soil type were assumed to be the key factors controlling topsoil SOC accumulation in Slovakia, and based on these, the country was classified into 14 macro-scale geographical regions. Typical ranges and mid-class values of 0–30cm topsoil SOC concentrations (%) and stocks (t ha−1) were calculated for each macro-scale region from CMS-P data. The average topsoil SOC content in agricultural land was estimated to be 2.13% (72.9 t ha−1). The highest topsoil SOC stock (> 90 t ha−1) was estimated for the lowlands of Slovakia, and the lowest (< 50 t ha−1) for the shallow and stony soils of mountain regions. When aggregated to 78 administrative regions at LAU1 level, the area-weighted averages ranged between 39.20 t ha−1 and 80.0 t ha−1, with the highest values (> 65 t ha−1) being in LAU1 regions in the south-west, south-east, and north of Slovakia where arable land is most prevalent. Total SOC storage in 0–30cm topsoil of agricultural land in Slovakia was estimated at 118.39 Mt, with two-thirds of this amount stored in arable soils in 33 south-west, south-east, and south LAU1 administrative regions. As there is no alternative and up-to-date dataset on topsoil SOC content in Slovakia, the upscaling algorithm presented in this study is an important step toward utilizing CMS-P data for sub-national SOC inventories. It may also offer a new way of providing inputs to help predict future or alternative regional topsoil SOC accumulation trajectories in Slovakian agricultural land using process-based or statistical models.

Barriers and drivers for sustainable public transportation in Indian context

Rising negative externalities, including greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, and environmental pollution, shows the need for sustainable and environmentally friendly modes of transportation. Adopting zero-emission, environmentally friendly electric buses in public transportation systems can be an effective solution for both developing and developed countries, including India. While the Indian government is making numerous efforts to promote electric buses in commercial and public transportation systems, it faces several formidable obstacles. This research objective is to analyze and evaluate the primary factors influencing the adoption and usage of electric buses in the Indian public transportation system, within the limited available resources. A survey questionnaire is prepared with several perceptual subjects for the key perceived barriers. An empirical analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is then performed to identify the critical barriers. The result of this study demonstrates that the infrastructural barriers substantially impact the adoption and utilization of electric buses. Further, the study provides critical insights and managerial implications for decision-makers.

Anaerobic digestate management for carbon neutrality and fertilizer use: A review of current practices and future opportunities

Biogas production, a low-carbon energy source, has led to heightened focus on sustainable management of its by-product, anaerobic digestate. The unprocessed digestate poses environmental and safety risks, including greenhouse gas emissions and potential soil contamination. Thus, the development of comprehensive, globally applicable guidelines for sustainable digestate management is crucial. The unique aspect of this review lies in the proposed guidelines, addressing micropollutant presence, prioritizing nutrient conservation, and aligning with carbon neutrality and Sustainable Development Goals. The review methodology involves an exhaustive study of existing literature and innovative valorization methods for anaerobic digestate, including biological, chemical, thermal, and mechanical processes. The review emphasizes the importance of enhancing digestate quality before soil application, thus reducing environmental contamination and improving fertilization properties. This review notably contributes to the understanding of sustainable anaerobic digestate management in the context of carbon neutrality and process circularity, offering valuable insights for future research and practical applications.

91 Grazing management–Tools for Improving the Efficiency of Grazing Beef Production

Abstract The beef sector is facing mounting challenges related to its perceived impact on climate change and other negative ecological externalities that can occur from the rearing of beef cattle. This would include greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), soil degradation, eutrophication of water ways and a decrease in biodiversity, to name a few. Within the industry, the largest contributor of GHG comes from the grazing sector, predominantly in the form of enteric methane (CH4) produced during the reticulo-rumen fermentation process. This presents a unique challenge, as the grazing sector is one where animal scientists have low precision with respect to experimental design and data collection, and where producers assert a lower level of dietary control relative to confined operations. While enteric CH4 inhibitors are getting closer to regulatory approval, their ability to reduce emissions in grazing systems is still relatively unknown due to the “pulse” supplementation strategy being unstudied to date. Therefore, management decisions that improve the quality of the forage base are the most practical strategies to reduce enteric CH4 production. This would include strategies such as adaptive grazing management, inclusion of high-quality forages, and improved forage diversity as potential tools to reduce emissions, dependent on geographic location. Furthermore, how the human dimension influences soil-plant-animal interrelationships may lead to beneficial ecological outcomes such as carbon sequestration and soil health. Therefore, potential “win-win” outcomes may be achieved. However, climatic gradients, and more specifically moisture, can influence or limit outcomes and thus interpreting research should be done on a geographical and climatic specific basis. The objective of this presentation is to outline and examine how management decisions can influence the efficiency and environmental impact of U.S. beef production, and to identify potential limitations and knowledge gaps in need of future research.

Biosynthesis of sustainable biodegradable bioplastics using alginate extracted from Padina pavonica, optimization and characterization

Plastic products requirements are increasing due to the over population. Petroleum-based plastics have a major impact on the environment including greenhouse gas emissions and water consumption. Therefore, innovations are needed to decrease the usage of petroleum-based plastics and to find eco-friendly alternatives to plastics. Macroalgal polymers have great prospects for biodegradable bioplastics manufacture. The use of seaweeds bio-polymers in bioplastics production has been shown to have a negligible effect on the food web. The brown seaweed, Padina pavonica, has been investigated for its high alginate content as a promising seaweed to produce bioplastics. Twenty experimental runs of a rotatable central composite design matrix were carried out for alginate-based bioplastic optimization. Using the desirability function, the optimal conditions for alginate-based bioplastics with the highest percentage of elongation were determined, and these conditions were confirmed experimentally. The best conditions for maximizing elongation percentage were determined to be alginate concentration 3 %, glycerol concentration 6 %, and CaCO3 concentration 6 %. Under these conditions, the highest actual value of the elongation percentage of the alginate-based bioplastics was 24.02. Moreover, biodegradation experiments were performed to assess the biodegradability of alginate-based bioplastic. It was found that 46.51 % of bioplastic was biodegraded on day 30, and full biodegradation was attained on day 45.

Raw material for biodiesel production. Valorization of used edible oil

Biofuel’s production is a topical domain for researchers due to the relevance that it is winning every day. This, because of the increase in the petroleum price and the environmental advantages. Biodiesel is a promising way to reduce the environmental degradation by increasing pollutants including greenhouse gas emissions (fossil CO2, nitrogen and sulfur oxides). Biodiesel price is directly related to the cost of the used raw materials (70-95 % of the total biodiesel cost). In this context, the purpose of this paper is to study the different renewable resources which can be used as raw material for biodiesel production to emphasize the possibility of the use of edible used oils. The special attention is paid to optimization of biodiesel production from used edible oil by trans esterification reaction.

A Review of Rubberised Asphalt for Flexible Pavement Applications: Production, Content, Performance, Motivations and Future Directions

The crumb rubber (CR) recycled from waste tyres could be a viable alternative in achieving green pavements that offer exciting new markets to global investors. Adding CR into flexible pavements enhances their performance and ensures environmental sustainability. This paper will discuss the production variables, CR sizes and contents, blending techniques, optimum bitumen contents, morphology, standard characteristics, rheological characteristics, mechanical performance, greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and life cycle cost. This review study found that compared to traditional asphalt mixtures, the CR-modified asphalts had superior performance and longer service life. However, the dearth of information on several factors in CR asphalt production, including greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and life cycle cost during recycling, causes many agencies in the global asphalt industry to continue employing costly, energy-consuming additives such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) instead of CR to enhance asphalt.

Physicochemical Pretreatment of Vietnamosasa pusilla for Bioethanol and Xylitol Production.

The consumption of fossil fuels has resulted in severe environmental consequences, including greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Therefore, transitioning to alternative energy sources, such as cellulosic ethanol, is a promising strategy for reducing environmental impacts and promoting sustainable low-carbon energy. Vietnamosasa pusilla, an invasive weed, has been recognized as a high potential feedstock for sugar-based biorefineries due to its high total carbohydrate content, including glucan (48.1 ± 0.3%) and xylan (19.2 ± 0.4%). This study aimed to examine the impact of NaOH pretreatment-assisted autoclaving on V. pusilla feedstock. The V. pusilla enzymatic hydrolysate was used as a substrate for bioethanol and xylitol synthesis. After treating the feedstock with varying concentrations of NaOH at different temperatures, the glucose and xylose recovery yields were substantially higher than those of the untreated material. The hydrolysate generated by enzymatic hydrolysis was fermented into bioethanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5339. The liquid byproduct of ethanol production was utilized by Candida tropicalis TISTR 5171 to generate xylitol. The results of this study indicate that the six- and five-carbon sugars of V. pusilla biomass have great potential for the production of two value-added products (bioethanol and xylitol).