Incidence Rate Of Contrast-induced Nephropathy Research Articles

Novel nanoliposomes alleviate contrast-induced acute kidney injury in New Zealand rabbits by mediating inflammatory response.

BackgroundThe purpose of the research was to investigate the preventive effect of nanoliposomes on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in New Zealand rabbits and to provide a theoretical basis for clinically effective prevention and treatment of CIN and the development of new contrast agents.MethodsA total of 48 New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups randomly, there were 12 rabbits in eacj group: (I) control group; (II) contrast group; (III) hydration prevention group; and (IV) nanoliposome group. The changes of serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were messured before and after injection of iopromide. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect inflammatory and oxidative stress indexes, including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipoprotein (NGAL), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Twenty-four hours after injection of the contrast medium, the rabbits were killed and the pathological changes were observed under an electron microscope.ResultsThere were statistical significances in sCr and BUN values among the four groups at both 8 hours and 24 hours after injection of the contrast medium. Serum NGAL and TNF-α levels were also significantly different among the four groups (P<0.05) 24 hours after injection of the contrast medium. The incidence rate of CIN in each group was statistically significant. Nanoliposomes had obvious advantages over hydration prevention in NGAL and TNF-α levels.ConclusionsNanoliposomes can prevent the occurrence of CIN and reduce the damage of contrast agent to the kidney by reducing inflammatory reaction.

Radiological iodinated contrast-induced nephropathy

The use of iodinated contrast media can cause renal toxicity. Whether contrast media are exclusively responsible for kidney damage is currently the subject of debate, given that in most cases, other potential causes of the renal failure are present. With current low-osmolar and iso-osmolar contrast media, the incidence rate of contrast-induced nephropathy is estimated to be <1% in the low-risk population but can increase to 37% in patients who are administered contrast by an intra-arterial administration and/or who have renal failure with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30mL/min/1.73m2. To minimize the risk of renal toxicity, the recommendation is to administer the least amount of contrast possible and ensure appropriate volume expansion by infusing 0.9% saline solution.

Nefropatía inducida por contrastes iodados radiológicos

The use of iodinated contrast media can cause renal toxicity. Whether contrast media are exclusively responsible for kidney damage is currently the subject of debate, given that in most cases, other potential causes of the renal failure are present. With current low-osmolar and iso-osmolar contrast media, the incidence rate of contrast-induced nephropathy is estimated to be <1% in the low-risk population but can increase to 37% in patients who are administered contrast by an intra-arterial administration and/or who have renal failure with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30mL/min/1.73m2. To minimize the risk of renal toxicity, the recommendation is to administer the least amount of contrast possible and ensure appropriate volume expansion by infusing 0.9% saline solution.

POSTPROCEDURAL DECREASE IN SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF CONTRAST-INDUCED NEPHROPATHY FOR PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION

Coronary heart disease is associated with high morbidity rates, poor prognoses, and contrast-induced nephropathy. This review reports the incidence rate of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) during postprocedural blood pressure (BP) changes among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary

Effect of hydration improvement to prevent contrast induced nephropathy

Objective To discuss the effect of hydration improvement to prevent contrast induced nephropathy (CIN).Methods 160 patients with CIN of high risks who had received coronary arteriongraphy were chosen and Richard Doll was used to divide them into the control group and the improvement group,each with 80 cases.The control group had 0.9％ NaCl for 24 h with the speed of 1.5ml/kg · h,while the improvement group had 0.9％ NaCl for 24 h and their fluid volume and speed was adjusted according to patients'urine volume,recessive loss,blood pressure,heart rate and peripheral venous pressure to maintain dynamic equilibrium of blood volume.Effect in two groups was compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference of preoperative infusion volume and postoperative drinking volume in 24 hours between two groups (P ＞0.05).Postoperative 24 h infusion volume and urine volume were (2 314.21 ±295.03) and (1 918.25 ± 297.58) in the control group,(2 781.69 ± 254.72) and (2 245.50 ± 278.31) in the improvement group,and the differences were statistically significant (t =10.727,7.184,respectively; P ＜ 0.01).There was no statistically significant difference of preoperative NT-ProBNP between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Postoperative NT-ProBNP was (2882.16 ±2 724.24)ng/ml in the control group and (1 507.16 ± 1 473.84) ng/ml in the improvement group,and the difference was statistically significant (Z =1.975,P ＜ 0.05).Incidence rate of CIN was 12.5％ in the control group and 2.5％ in the improvement group,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =5.766,P =0.016).Scr in the blood 24,48 and 72 hours after surgery was higher in CIN patients than that in non-CIN patients.NGAL in urine was higher after the surgery than before,and reached its peak during 24-48 hours,24 hours ahead of Scr increase.There was no statistically significant difference of acute lung edema,urinary retention and hospitalization time between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Neither groups had cases of hemodialysis or death.Conclusions Hydration improvement can prevent CIN as well as protect patients' heart function. Key words: Contrast induced nephropathy Hydration solution; Heart function protection

Statins in prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with coronary heart disease and renal insufficiency undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective To explore the role of short-term, high-dose atorvastatin in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy ( CIN ) in patients with renal insufficiency after percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI ).Methods 41 patients with coronary heart discease ( CHD ) and renal insufficiency underwent scheduled PCI.They received either 80 mg/d of atorvastatin ( study group,n =21 ),or 20 mg/d of atorvastatin ( control group,n =20 ) for 3 days before PCI.Serum creatinine ( SCr )levels were measured before and on days 1,2,and 3 after PCI.CIN was defined as an increase in SCr values of ≥ 25％ or ≥ 0.5 mg/dl from the baseline within 3 days after PCI.Results There were no significant differences in levels of SCr between the two groups at different time points ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The incidence rate of CIN did not differ significantly between the two groups ( one in each group,P＞ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in the peak level of SCr between the study group and the control group after intervention ( 232.4 μmol/L vs.227.6 μmol/L,P＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions On the basis of standard intravenous hydration,a short-term administration of high doses of atorvastatin before and after contrast exposure fails to decrease CIN occurrence in CHD patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency. Key words: Statins; Contrast-induced nephropathy; Prevention