Incidence Of Vaginal Prolapse Research Articles

Preliminary investigation of the effect of treating sheep during pregnancy with a vitamin A, D, E formulation on the incidence of vaginal prolapse

ABSTRACTAim: To determine if vitamin D3 treatment reduced the incidence of vaginal prolapse in pregnant sheep on a North Canterbury sheep breeding property.Methods: Pregnant ewes from a single farm were allocated to three treatment groups in May 2018. At this time, the first group (EarlyVitADE; n = 512) received an I/M 1 mL dose of 500,000 IU/mL vitamin D3, 60,000 IU/mL vitamin A, and 25 mg/mL vitamin E. This was repeated in July 2018, when the second group (LateVitADE; n = 695) also received the same treatment. The third group (n = 737) were untreated controls. All cases of vaginal prolapse on the property were recorded from pregnancy diagnosis in June 2018 until ewes were set-stocked in August 2018. The planned start of lambing was 10 August 2018.Results: During the period of observation, vaginal prolapses were recorded in 3/699 (0.4%) 2-year-old ewes, and the odds of vaginal prolapse were not associated with treatment group in these ewes (p > 0.3). Amongst ewes aged ≥3 years, during the same period, there were 6/333 (1.8%), 6/443 (1.4%) and 25/469 (5.3%) cases in the EarlyVitADE, LateVitADE and control groups, respectively. Compared to control ewes, the odds of vaginal prolapse were reduced in both the EarlyVitADE (OR = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.15–0.92) and LateVitADE (OR = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.10–0.62) treatment groups.Conclusions and clinical relevance: In this preliminary study, administration of injectable vitamins A, D3, and E to pregnant ewes reduced the incidence of vaginal prolapse during the period from pregnancy diagnosis to set-stocking on one North Canterbury hill-country farm. Due to the restricted data collection period, this investigation should be replicated to better quantify the repeatability of the observed treatment effect over the complete lambing period.

Postpartum Uterine Prolapse in a Jaffarabadi Buffalo - A Case Report

The actual cause of prolapse of uterus is not clear, but there is no doubt that it occurs during the third stage of labour within a few hours of the expulsion of the calf and at a time when some of the foetal cotyledons have separated from the maternal carbuncles (Arthur, 2001). Prolapse of the uterus is a common complication of the third stage of labour in the buffaloes (Joseph et al., 2001). In ruminants, uterine prolapse is generally a complete eversion of the gravid uterus, wherein multigravidas (dairy bovines) are more often involved than the heifers, while in the sow and the bitch eversion is generally partial and comprises of one cornua only (Arthur,2001; Jackson, 2004). The condition is predisposed by genetic as well as managemental factors and precipitated by straining, parturition and dystocia (Odegaard, 1977). The incidence of vaginal prolapse was observed to be maximum as prepartum prolapse (56.30%), followed by postpartum vaginal prolapse (12.90 %) and vaginal prolapse in non-pregnant (5.70 %) buffaloes (Pandit et al ., 1982). The present paper deals with a case of postpartum complete uterine prolapse and its successful management in a Jaffarabadi buffalo.

Serum trace mineral variations in Nili-Ravi buffaloes suffering with prepartum vaginal prolapse in two different agro-ecological zones of Punjab, Pakistan

The present study was conducted during 2005 and 2006 on 200 Nili-Ravi buffaloes kept in two agroecological zones (irrigated [zone 1] and rain-fed [zone-2]) of Punjab, Pakistan, with the objective to determine the level of trace minerals (Cu, Fe, Zn, Se) in serum of the buffaloes suffering from vaginal prolapse and to compare them with their healthy counterparts. In each zone 50 buffaloes suffering from prepartum vaginal prolapse during their seventh month of gestation were identified through survey. Vaginal prolapse-affected buffaloes belonging to zone 1 were identified as group VPB1 (N = 50), whereas buffaloes belonging to zone 2 were recognized as VPB2 (N = 50). The buffaloes of control group in zone 1 and zone 2 were identified as NCB1 and NCB2, respectively. The blood samples in all four groups of buffaloes were collected three times, i.e., first when these animals were in the eighth month of gestation, second during the eighth to ninth month of gestation, and finally when these animals were in the ninth or later month of gestation. The mean serum copper concentrations in buffaloes of group VPB1 were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in comparison with NCB1 and NCB2, whereas there were nonsignificant differences (P > 0.05) in copper concentrations between VPB1 and VPB2. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) of iron concentration in VPB1 compared with NCB1 and NCB2. Similarly, VPB2 also had significantly lower (P < 0.05) iron concentrations compared with NCB1 and NCB2. Serum zinc concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in animals of the VPB1 group when compared with NCB1 and NCB2. Similarly, lower zinc concentrations were observed in VPB2 in comparison with NCB1 and NCB2. There was significantly lower (P < 0.05) zinc concentration in affected buffaloes (VPB1 and VPB2) from the ninth month of gestation to term when compared with those in the eighth to ninth mo of gestation, and with those not yet in the eighth month of gestation. Serum selenium concentration were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in control group buffaloes (NCB1 and NCB2) in comparison with vaginal prolapse-affected buffaloes (VPB1 and VPB2). During different stages of gestation, mean serum selenium concentrations varied nonsignificantly (P > 0.05) within each group of buffalo. Based on information obtained from this study, it was concluded that the low serum concentration of copper and selenium are linked to increased incidence of vaginal prolapse in buffaloes during the last trimester of gestation.

Winter feeding - changing labour requirements and productivity

Current winter feeding practice using a daily grazing duration to ration feed is based on the sheep industry of the 1960s to the 1980s when per head performance was much lower than today. This study investigated the impact of changing from a 1-day grazing duration to a 4-day grazing duration during winter on subsequent productivity. Ewe condition score and liveweight, tailing percentages, and tailing and weaning weights of lambs, as well as the incidence of vaginal prolapse in ewes at lambing were recorded over several years on a total of seven farms. Spring pasture growth and botanical composition was measured on one farm. Results suggest 4-day shifting had little impact on vaginal prolapse but did result in more settled sheep, easier winter shifting regime, and less pasture damage, leading to improved pasture production in early spring (P

Vaginal prolapse in ewes—Part III: The effect of topography on incidence

Abstract Extract Field survey data collected in 1954 and 1955 covering some 120,000 ewes on 117 farms in various parts of the South Island of New Zealand indicated that the incidence of vaginal prolapse was appreciably higher on hill and downs country than on flat country. In view of its possible significance in the aetiology of the disease (McLean, 1956a McLean, J. W. 1956a. N.Z. Vet. J., 4: 38–38. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]), it was decided to examine this finding more closely by ascertaining the incidence on an unselected sample of farms on downs and on the flat, which were as alike as possible with regard to district, breed of sheep, carrying capacity, pasture type, lambing percentage, and general husbandry and breeding practice; that is, differing as far as possible only in respect of topography. Statistical examination of previous data indicated that about 12 to 15 farms on each of the two types of country would be necessary to give reliable results.