Incidence Of Tendon Injuries Research Articles

Observation on Curative Effect of Minimally Invasive Osteotomy Combined with Ilizarov Technique in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis with Varus Deformity

This paper aims to analyze the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive osteotomy combined with Ilizarov technique in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with varus deformity. 80 patients with knee osteoarthritis and varus deformity who were treated in our hospital from January 2022 to May 2023 were selected, all of whom were affected by one knee. They were randomly divided into groups, including the study group and the control group, each with 40 patients. Patients in the control group were treated with fibula-tibial osteotomy and internal fixation, and patients in the study group were treated with minimally invasive osteotomy combined with Ilizarov technique. The operation time of the patients in the study group was significantly longer than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The intraoperative blood loss of the patients in the study group was significantly more than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The hospitalization expenses of the patients in the study group were significantly more than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The postoperative femorotibial angle and mechanical axis offset distance in the study group were significantly smaller than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The postoperative New York Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The range of motion of the knee joint in the study group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of tendon injury, infection, and nerve injury in the study group (2.50%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (30.00%) (P < 0.05). Minimally invasive osteotomy combined with Ilizarov technique can be applied in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with varus deformity, although the operation time is longer, with more intraoperative blood loss and higher treatment cost, but it has no effect on the femorotibial angle and mechanical axis deviation of the patient. It can significantly improve the movement distance, knee joint function, and knee joint range of motion, and significantly reduce the postoperative pain of patients, reduce the incidence of complications, and thus has high clinical application value.

Incidence and clinical results of tendinous injuries in calcaneus and pilon fractures.

The aims of this study were: (1) to define the incidence of tendinous injuries in calcaneus and pilon fractures with different fracture severity and (2) to determine the clinical impact of such injuries. CT-scans of 121 patients with calcaneus and pilon fractures were retrospectively analyzed over a 4-year period. The tendinous injuries were identified and correlated with the type of fracture (location and classification). Clinical analysis was performed using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and SF-36 (Short Form-36 Health Survey) scores. Tendinous injuries were observed in 36% of all CT-scans analyzed, with the most common injury being incarceration (n = 20) and dislocation (n = 24). Calcaneus fractures sanders type 3/4 were 9 times more prone to tendon injury (p < 0.001; OR 8.67; 95% CI 2.49-30.24). Pilon fractures Ruedi-Allgower type 2/3 were 8 times more prone to tendon injury (p = 0.005; OR 7.5; 95% CI 1.72-32.80). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in AOFAS and SF-36 scores between patients with/without tendon injuries for fractures with the same severity. The incidence of tendon injuries in calcaneus/pilon fractures is high and may be underreported. Calcaneus fractures are prone to peroneal tendon injury. In pilon fractures, it is important to look for tibialis posterior tendon injury, especially entrapment. The presence of tendinous injuries does not affect function and pain for the same type of calcaneus and pilon fractures at the long term. Level 3 retrospective study.

Chronic hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic syndrome are associated with risk of tendon injury.

Tendon injury is a considerable problem affecting both physically active and sedentary people. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between markers for metabolic disorders (hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic syndrome) and the risk of developing tendon injuries requiring referral to a hospital. The Copenhagen City Heart Study is a prospective study of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals from the Danish general population with different physical activity levels. The cohort was followed for 3years via national registers with respect to tendon injuries. Data from 5856 individuals (median age 62years) were included. The overall incidence of tendon injury in both upper and lower extremities that required an out-patient or in-house visit to a hospital was ~5.7/1000 person years. Individuals with elevated HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) even in the prediabetic range (HbA1c>5.7%) had a ~3 times higher risk of tendon injury in the lower extremities only, as compared to individuals with normal HbA1C levels. Hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol>5mmol/L) increased risk of tendon injury in the upper extremities by ~1.5 times, and individuals with metabolic syndrome had ~2.5 times higher risk of tendon injury in both upper and lower extremities. In conclusion, these data demonstrate for the first time in a large cohort with different physical activity levels that the indicators for metabolic syndrome are a powerful systemic determinant of tendon injury, and two of its components, hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia, each independently make tendons susceptible for damage and injury.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Empowering Tendon Regenerative Therapies.

Tendon tissues have limited healing capacity. The incidence of tendon injuries and the unsatisfactory functional outcomes of tendon repair are driving the search for alternative therapeutic approaches envisioning tendon regeneration. Cellular therapies aim at delivering adequate, regeneration-competent cell types to the injured tendon and toward ultimately promoting its reconstruction and recovery of functionality. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) either obtained from tendons or from non-tendon sources, like bone marrow (BM-MSCs) or adipose tissue (ASCs), have been receiving increasing attention over the years toward enhancing tendon healing. Evidences from in vitro and in vivo studies suggest MSCs can contribute to accelerate and improve the quality of tendon healing. Nonetheless, the exact mechanisms underlying these repair events are yet to be fully elucidated. This review provides an overview of the main challenges in the field of cell-based regenerative therapies, discussing the role of MSCs in boosting tendon regeneration, particularly through their capacity to enhance the tenogenic properties of tendon resident cells.

Are Tendinopathies really a common injury in volleyball?

Objectives:To perform a description of tendinopathies as an injury in volleyball high performance.Methods:An observational and prospective study was conducted from 2014-2016 in the senior Argentinian volleyball team. The same was held by two observers. Moreover, 78 athletes were evaluated. We support Dvorak’s claims that an injury is determined by the loss of at least one training session or a match.Results:78 players were exposed to 21812 hours of training and matches. As a result 37 injuries were evaluated in 31 players. Taking into account tendinopathies, it can be said that 34 players consulted 412 times, showing a prevalence of 43.5% of the whole enquires but when we refer to the same pathology as injury the average lowers, presenting 8 lesions in 6 players and showing a prevalence of 7.6% as injuries. Incidence of tendon injuries is 0.32 per 1000 hours of exposure Tendon Injuries: 5 were patellar, 2 supraspinatus, 1 aquiles. 5 Slight, 2 moderate, 1 severe.Conclusion:Clearly, tendinopathy is a common problem in this sport but it is not a common cause of injury. This is demonstrated in prevalence rates whereas 43.5 % just consulted and 7,6 % suffer from real injuries. We think this might be due to several factors such as, advances in medical therapy, preventive protocols and increase in thresholds of pain that high-performance athletes can bear. In our experience this pathology was shown to be the third leading cause of injuries. In 2016 we did not deal with any case of injury for tendinopathy.

Different tissue type categories of overuse injuries to cricket fast bowlers have different severity and incidence which varies with age

Background. Cricket fast bowlers have a high incidence of injury and have been the subject of previous research investigating the effects of previous injury, workload and technique. Bone stress injuries are of particular concern as they lead to prolonged absences from the game, with younger bowlers appearing to be at particular risk. Objectives. To investigate the variation in severity and incidence of injury to different tissue types in fast bowlers and ascertain whether age is a significant risk factor for these injuries. Methods. A retrospective analysis of match bowling exposure in 215 separate fast bowlers over a 14-year period was undertaken. This information was amalgamated with injury surveillance data providing information on the incidence, location, tissue type and severity of injury. Age of the bowler was determined and the bowlers were stratified into five age groups to determine the influence of age on the injury variables. Results. Younger bowlers (less than 22 years old) were 3.7-6.7 times more likely to suffer a bony injury than all the other age groups. Older bowlers (greater than 31 years old) were 2.2-2.7 times more likely to suffer a tendon injury than the 3 youngest groups. Conclusion. This study has demonstrated that younger age is a considerable risk factor in the development of bone stress injuries in cricket fast bowlers. In addition there appears to be a higher incidence of tendon injuries in older fast bowlers although this may be explained by the current classification system of joint impingement as a tendon injury. Keywords. Bone, tendon, sports injuries

Comparison of structural anisotropic soft tissue models for simulating Achilles tendon tensile behaviour

The incidence of tendon injury (tendinopathy) has increased over the past decades due to greater participation in sports and recreational activities. But little is known about the aetiology of tendon injuries because of our limited knowledge in the complex structure–function relationship in tendons. Computer models can capture the biomechanical behaviour of tendons and its structural components, which is essential for understanding the underlying mechanisms of tendon injuries. This study compares three structural constitutive material models for the Achilles tendon and discusses their application on different biomechanical simulations. The models have been previously used to describe cardiovascular tissue and articular cartilage, and one model is novel to this study. All three constitutive models captured the tensile behaviour of rat Achilles tendon (root mean square errors between models and experimental data are 0.50–0.64). They further showed that collagen fibres are the main load-bearing component and that the non-collagenous matrix plays a minor role in tension. By introducing anisotropic behaviour also in the non-fibrillar matrix, the new biphasic structural model was also able to capture fluid exudation during tension and high values of Poisson׳s ratio that is reported in tendon experiments.

Matrix deposition on cell-seeded polymeric enthesis repair scaffolds under mechanostimulation

Event Abstract Back to Event Matrix deposition on cell-seeded polymeric enthesis repair scaffolds under mechanostimulation Jonathan Tapp1, Mamadou Diallo1, Christopher Alexander1, Joel D. Bumgardner1, Warren Haggard1 and Jessica A. Jennings1 1 University of Memphis, Biomedical Engineering Department, United States Introduction: The incidence of tendon injury is growing; as a result so is the demand for tendon repair strategies[1]. Synthetic polymer fabrics are implemented in tendon repair due to similar mechanical strength properties to a human tendon. The ultimate goal is to improve biocompatibility of artificial tendons. Polymer fabric strips were housed in a custom built bioreactor, seeded with fibroblast and osteoblast cells, and subject to mechanostimulation. The primary objective is to analyze matrix deposition of cell-seeded polymer fabric scaffolds, with and without an applied strain. Methods: The modification of a bioreactor provided controlled, cyclical patterns of strain (Fig 1)[2]. 150x22 mm polyethylene (PET) fabric scaffolds were sterilized by immersion in 2% bleach solution, ultrapure water, and 70% ethanol, followed by thorough rinsing with ultrapure water. The fabric scaffolds were submerged in Dulbecco’s modified eagle media (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 100 µg/ml Normocin antibiotic. MC3T3 pre-osteoblast and NIH3T3 fibroblast cells were seeded at a density of 3x 105 cells/mL on separate regions of the scaffold. Once the PET cell scaffolds were secured in the bioreactor, a 5% strain was applied to the region containing fibroblasts for 5 hours daily. The MC3T3 region was kept static. Unstrained scaffolds in petri-dish conditions and bioreactor conditions with media circulation were included as control groups in the 7-day study. Cell DNA growth was quantified via a Picogreen assay, collagen content via a Sirius red collagen detection assay, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content via an Alcian blue assay. The amounts of collagen and GAG were normalized using the ratios of matrix component to DNA. Statistical differences between groups were detected using a one-way ANOVA with Holm-Sidak post-test at a confidence level a=0.05. Results: The fibroblast regions of the scaffolds exposed to daily stretching had a higher GAG to DNA ratio than the scaffolds that were only exposed to fluid flow and the control group (Fig 2). Collagen formation was significantly higher on the unstrained scaffolds within the bioreactor with media flow. (Fig 3). Discussion: GAG, a reliable indicator of tendon extracellular matrix (ECM), was deposited in greater amounts when cells were subject to strain. The collagen production of the scaffolds under periodic strain compared to no strain was lower than expected. A possible reason is the static scaffolds were assessed at a point when the cells were in a proliferative phase and producing collagenous matrix at a higher rate. Studies with longer test periods are ongoing to more accurately model the matrix deposition over time, as well as efficacy of cell-seeded ECM-conditioned scaffolds in promoting functional tendon and enthesis repair. Conclusions: The combination of cell seeding with polymer fabrics could lead to improved therapies for tissue repair with minimal inflammation. Parwinder Singh; Jared Cooper; Lauren Eichaker

Different tissue type categories of overuse injuries to cricket fast bowlers have different severity and incidence which varies with age

Background. Cricket fast bowlers have a high incidence of injury and have been the subject of previous research investigating the effects of previous injury, workload and technique. Bone stress injuries are of particular concern as they lead to prolonged absences from the game, with younger bowlers appearing to be at particular risk. Objectives. To investigate the variation in severity and incidence of injury to different tissue types in fast bowlers and ascertain whether age is a significant risk factor for these injuries. Methods. A retrospective analysis of match bowling exposure in 215 separate fast bowlers over a 14-year period was undertaken. This information was amalgamated with injury surveillance data providing information on the incidence, location, tissue type and severity of injury. Age of the bowler was determined and the bowlers were stratified into five age groups to determine the influence of age on the injury variables. Results. Younger bowlers (less than 22 years old) were 3.7-6.7 times more likely to suffer a bony injury than all the other age groups. Older bowlers (greater than 31 years old) were 2.2-2.7 times more likely to suffer a tendon injury than the 3 youngest groups. Conclusion. This study has demonstrated that younger age is a considerable risk factor in the development of bone stress injuries in cricket fast bowlers. In addition there appears to be a higher incidence of tendon injuries in older fast bowlers although this may be explained by the current classification system of joint impingement as a tendon injury. Keywords. Bone, tendon, sports injuries

A Homeopathic Ointment Preparation Compared With 1% Diclofenac Gel for Acute Symptomatic Treatment of Tendinopathy

The incidence of tendon injuries and tendinopathy has risen substantially in the past decades. To assess the noninferiority of therapy based on the homeopathic preparation Traumeel S ointment (Heel GmbH, Baden-Baden, Germany) compared with treatment based on diclofenac 1% gel in patients with tendinopathies of varying etiology. Nonrandomized, observational study. Ninety-five homeopathy and conventional medical practices in Germany. Three hundred fifty-seven patients aged 18 to 93 years with tendinopathy of varying etiology based on excessive tendon load rather than inflammation. Traumeel S ointment or diclofenac 1% gel for a maximum of 28 days. Efficacy was measured on a four-degree scale on pain-related variables, on variables related to motility, and on overall treatment outcome. Tolerability was monitored as adverse events. Compliance was assessed by practitioner and patient on a four-degree scale. The patients groups were comparable at baseline. The changes in summary score of all pain-related variables were -5.3 +/- 2.7 (all values means +/- SD) in the Traumeel group and -5.0 +/- 2.7 in the control group. Changes for all motility-related variables were -4.2 +/- 3.8 with Traumeel and -3.7 +/- 3.4 with control therapy. The summary scores for all clinical variables were reduced by -9.5 +/- 5.7 with Traumeel therapy and by -8.7 +/- 5.4 with diclofenac-based treatment. Homeopathic therapy was noninferior to diclofenac therapy on all variables. For motility-related variables, there was a trend toward superiority of Traumeel. Treatments were well tolerated with no treatment-related adverse events. The results suggest that Traumeel ointment is an effective alternative to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs therapy for the acute symptomatic treatment of patients with tendinopathy.