Incidence Of Polydactyly Research Articles

INCIDENCE OF CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS AMONG NEWBORNS IN ECOLOGICALLY UNFAVORABLE TERRITORIES OF THE BRYANSK REGION (2000-2017)

The aim of the study was to assess the incidence congenital malformation of congenital malformations in newborns in territories of the Bryansk region with different levels of radioactive, chemical and combined environmental pollution using official statistics for the period 2000-2017. Methods: Shapiro-Wilk test, White test, Wilcoxon T-test, Spearman rank correlation test and regression models were used to study associations between radioactive, chemical and combined pollution and the incidence of congenital malformations in the region and prognosis using the inverse relationship. Results. The incidence of polydactyly, multiple congenital malformations and the amount of de novo birth defects in newborns is significantly lower in the most ecologically favorable districts than in areas with radiation, chemical and combined pollution. For polydactyly - at the level of significance (p), 0.003-0.023 (decrease by 4.7-7.4 times), for the amount of multiple congenital malformations - 0.001-0.054 (2.5-6.8 times) and for amount of de novo birth defects - 0.0010.007 (3.5-4.6 times). Statistically significant differences were found in the incidence of multiple congenital malformations in the conditions of combined pollution in comparison with similar indicators in the territories of radioactive (2.2 times, p = 0.034) and chemical (1.9 times, p = 0.008) pollution (values 1.48; 0.67 and 0.78). A decrease in the long-term trend of frequency of multiple congenital malformations in the period 2000-2017 was revealed on the territories of combined pollution, and increase - on territories of radioactive and chemical pollution. Nevertheless, the predicted values of the frequency of multiple congenital malformations on the territories of combined pollution by 2018-2023 will significantly (p = 0.027) exceed the indicators of the territories of radioactive and chemical pollution by 39.6 and 45.7 % (values 1.18; 0.845; 0.81). Conclusions. Our results suggest synergistic effect of radiation and chemical pollution on the incidence of multiple congenital malformations.

Polydactyly in the multiethnic ‘Negev’ population at southern Israel

The objective of this study was to characterize the prevalence, ethnic mix, and associated malformations of polydactyly in a multiethnic population. A retrospective analysis of 189 polydactyly patients was carried out. The incidence of polydactyly was 0.5/1000 live births and was higher in the Bedouin population. Preaxial polydactyly was 10 times more prevalent in the Jewish population and sporadic, and postaxial polydactyly was more prevalent in the consanguineous Bedouin population and associated with other malformations. We conclude that the pathologies in embryogenesis leading to preaxial and postaxial polydactyly vary, with the former occurring sporadically compared with the latter, which predominates in consanguineous families and syndromes.

Prevention of polydactyly manifestation in Polydactyly Nagoya (Pdn) mice by administration of cytosine arabinoside during pregnancy.

Male mice heterozygous for the dominant polydactyly gene Pdn (Polydactyly Nagoya) were crossed with normal or heterozygous females of the same strain. Pregnant females were treated with 5 mg/kg of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) on day 12 of gestation. The offspring were removed on day 18 of gestation and examined for external malformations, and the fore- and hindlimbs were examined by means of bone- and cartilage-stained cleared specimens. In +/+ x Pdn/+ matings, Pdn/+ fetuses, bearing preaxial polydactyly of the distal phalangeal type in the hindlimb and deformity of the 1st digit in the forelimb, were obtained in about 50% of the nontreated group. In treated fetuses, however, the incidence of polydactyly and deformity of the 1st digit decreased to 1.4 and 10.1%, respectively. Nontreated Pdn/Pdn fetuses exhibited preaxial polydactyly of the duplicated or triplicated metacarpal/metatarsal type both in the fore- and hindlimbs. In the treated Pdn/Pdn fetuses, the number of preaxial extra digits decreased in both limbs. Some hindlimbs of the treated Pdn/Pdn fetuses exhibited five metatarsals, normally. In the vitally stained specimens at 6 and 24 hours after injection of Ara-C, preaxial marginal necrotic zones (fMI) were observed in almost all of the treated embryos from +/+ x Pdn/+ matings. However, approximately half of the embryos did not exhibit fMI in the nontreated control group at the same stage. Those embryos deficient in fMI were regarded as Pdn/+. These findings indicated that a subteratogenic dose of Ara-C prevented the genetic expression of polydactyly in almost all Pdn/+ and some cases of Pdn/Pdn mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Congenital anomalies of the upper limb among the Chinese population in Hong Kong

Three hundred twenty-six patients with 396 congenital upper limb anomalies are classified according to the system adopted by the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hands. The relative incidence of each separate anomaly is listed and compared with that of other series. Two hundred cases are also analyzed with respect to the family history, pregnancy history, neonatal history, and associated anomalies and the results are discussed. Significant racial differences were found in the incidence of polydactyly, syndactyly, anomalies associated with syndromes, and transverse arrests. The incidence of polydactyly is higher in this series than in comparable western series.

Congenital anomalies of the upper limb among the Chinese population in Hong Kong

Three hundred twenty-six patients with 396 congenital upper limb anomalies are classified according to the system adopted by the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hands. The relative incidence of each separate anomaly is listed and compared with that of other series. Two hundred cases are also analyzed with respect to the family history, pregnancy history, neonatal history, and associated anomalies and the results are discussed. Significant racial differences were found in the incidence of polydactyly, syndactyly, anomalies associated with syndromes, and transverse arrests. The incidence of polydactyly is higher in this series than in comparable western series.