Incidence Of Major Insect Pests Research Articles

Seasonal Incidence of Major Insect Pests in Mungbean; Vigna radiata (L. Wilczek)

The current studies on seasonal incidence of major insect pests were carried out at Students’ Instructional Farm of Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (UP), India during Kharif 2022 and 2023. The current study revealed that whitefly, B. tabaci was commenced from the second fortnight of July and touched the peak at 32th (9.8 whitefly per cage) and 35th SMW (9.4 whitefly per cage) in both the year, respectively. The populations of B. tabaci had a significant negative correlation with rainfall (r= -0.699) in Kharif 2022. The jassid had the highest population in 34th SMW (4.6 jassid/cage) in Kharif 2022, while in second year, maximum jassid population of 5.1 jassid/cage was recorded during 33rd SMW. Wind speed had a significant and negative effect (r=-0.804) on the population of jassid during Kharif 2023. Seasonal abundance of thrips showed that, in first year, the thrips activity reached maximum at 33rd SMW (1.2 trips/5 flower buds). In next season, peak population of 1.4 thrips per 5 flower buds was in 32nd SMW. The correlation study during both the season revealed that the sunshine hours (r= -0.683) showed significant and negative effect on thrips population in 2023. Peak pod borer damage was observed in 36th SMW (5.3%) and 35th SMW (6.7%) during 2022 and 2023, respectively. Correlation between pod borer damage and weather parameters showed that wind speed had negative and significant (r= -0.707) effect on borer damage in first year.

Incidence of major insect pests and its natural enemies of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) under Polyhouse conditions

Incidence of major insect pests and its natural enemies of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) under Polyhouse conditions

Influence of Weather Factors on the Incidence of Major Insect Pests of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Population dynamics of major pests viz., web worm, Antigastra catalaunalis (Duponchel), leaf hoppers Orosius albicinctus (Distant) and gallfly Asphondilia sesami (Felt) infesting sesame was studied in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India during Rabi and Kharif seasons of the year 2020. Correlation between the pest population, percent damage and weather parameters was analyzed and regression equations were developed. The incidence of leaf hoppers, web worm and gallfly on sesame crop during Rabi season started on 4th, 3rd and 7th Standard meteorological week (SMW) respectively. The peak attained on 8th,11th, and 11th SMW with population of leafhoppers and damage by web worm and gallfly (2.01/plant,60.04 percent and 49.68 percent) respectively during Rabi season. In case of leafhopper and web worm, minimum temperature (r=0.031r=0.373) had non-significant positive correlation whereas mean relative humidity (r=-0.02) registered non-significant negative correlation with leaf hopper and web worm significant negative correlation Gall fly incidence showed significant positive correlation with maximum and minimum temperature. Whereas in Kharif season, incidence of leafhoppers, web worm and gallfly on sesame crop started on 33rd, 32nd and 37th SMW respectively. The peak activity and incidence was noticed during 37th, 39th and 40th SMW for leafhoppers, web worm and gallfly respectively. The correlation between weather parameters and incidence of major pests followed a similar pattern to kharif season. Regression analysis data revealed that the multiple non-linear regression equations are sufficient to predict the pest population with prevailing weather parameters.

Population Dynamics of Insect Pests of Pea

The seasonal incidence of major insect pests on pea Pisum sativum at different growth stages has been assessed in this study. Major pests observed include gram pod borer Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), blue butterfly Lampedes boeticus (L.), pea leaf miner Chromatomyia horticola Goureau and pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). These results revealed that peak incidence of H. armigera (7.80 larvae/ plant) and L. boeticus (8.60 larvae/ plant) was during the 8th and 9th SMW, respectively; while for C. horticola (5.50 larvae/ leaf) and A. pisum (94.1 aphids/ plant) it was 5th SMW. Helicoverpa armigera incidence revealed a significant negative correlation with minimum temperature (r= -0.628) while for L. boeticus it was positive one with maximum temperature (r= 0.604). The incidence of C. horticola was observed to be significantly negatively correlated with minimum temperature and rainfall (r= -0.826 and r= -0.584, respectively); while A. pisum revealed a significant negative correlation with minimum temperature (r= -0.806).

Seasonal Incidence of Insect Pests and Predatory Fauna on Toria (Brassica rapa) in West Central Tableland of Odisha, India

The present field investigation was conducted for two consecutive Rabi seasons of years 2021/22 and 2022/23 at the College of Horticulture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Chiplima, Odisha to record the seasonal incidence of major insect pests with the predatory fauna on toria (Brassica rapa) in relation to meteorological parameters. The occurring pest complex in both seasons constituted a total nine number of insects and three consistent predatory fauna.
 The highest peak population of pests recorded for 2021/22 were: mustard aphid (3.7 A.I plant-1 at 50th SMW), whitefly (25.9 whiteflies plant-1 at 50th SMW), painted bug (13.37 nymphs+adults plant-1 at 50th SMW), mustard sawfly (12 larvae plant-1 at 48th SMW), flea beetle (12.45 grubs+adults plant-1 at 50th SMW), diamondback moth (1.3 larvae plant-1 at 52nd SMW), leaf Webber (6.45 larvae plant-1 at 51st SMW), Bihar hairy caterpillar (29.3 larvae plant-1 at 50th SMW) and tobacco caterpillar (8.9 larvae plant-1 at 49th SMW. Similarly, the highest peak population of pests recorded for 2022/23 were: mustard aphid (3.82 A.I plant-1 at 51st SMW), whitefly (23.8 whiteflies plant-1 at 50th SMW), painted bug (13.7 nymphs+adults plant-1 at 51st SMW), mustard sawfly (15 larvae plant-1 at 48th SMW), flea beetle (13.45 grubs+adults plant-1 at 50th SMW), diamondback moth (1.2 larvae plant-1 at 47th SMW), leaf Webber (5.45 larvae plant-1 at 51st SMW) which coincided the abundance of natural enemies namely, coccinellid predators, syrphid fly and spider between 50th to 52nd SMW of the experimental year for both seasons.
 The correlation of insect pest density with weather parameters (Rabi, 2021/22) showed negative correlations with Tmax (mustard aphid, painted bug, flea beetle, leaf Webber, diamondback moth, Bihar hairy caterpillar), Tmin (all pests), rainfall (mustard aphid, whitefly, mustard sawfly, flea beetle, tobacco caterpillar), RH% at 7 hours (all pests), and RH% at 14 hours (mustard aphid, whitefly, painted bug, leaf Webber, diamondback moth, Bihar hairy caterpillar).For natural enemies, Tmax, Tmin, RH% at 7 hours, RH% at 14 hours, and wind velocity had negative effects on their population, while rainfall had a positive influence. However, in Rabi 2022/23, Tmax, Tmin, and RH% at 14 hours negatively influenced the pest population mostly except for wind velocity and RH% at 7 hours. For predators, wind velocity showed positive correlation with its’ population.

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) in South-western Haryana

Bottle gourd is an important vegetable crop that fetches recurrent income from farmers. The present investigation was carried out during the kharif season of 2019 to study the incidence of prevailing four insect pests of bottle gourd in relation to weather. The seasonal incidence of major insect pests such as Aulacophora foveicollis Lucas, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett, Aphis gossypii Glover and Bemicia tabaci Gennadius was studied. The fruit infestation by Bactrocera cucurbitae was initiated in the 34th SMW, and the maximum infestation was noticed in the 36th SMW. The fruit fly infestation was significant and positively correlated with evening relative humidity and rainfall. Aulacophora foveicollis incidence in bottle gourd was maximum in the 38th SMW. The beetle population was significantly and negatively correlated with minimum temperature and evening relative humidity. The maximum infestation of aphids and whitefly was noticed in the later stage of the crop during the 39th SMW, and the aphid population was significantly correlated with minimum temperature, evening relative humidity and rainfall, whereas the whitefly population was correlated significantly with evening relative humidity and rainfall.

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of okra in relation to weather parameters

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of okra in relation to weather parameters

Incidence of major insect pests of tomato influenced by environmental factors in western Manipur

Incidence of major insect pests of tomato influenced by environmental factors in western Manipur

Seasonal abundance of major insect pests of potato (Solanum tuberosum) and their natural enemies in Karnataka, India

It is essential to know the seasonal occurrences of various pests of potato along with their natural enemies so that timely management practices could be advised to farmers to avoid losses. Therefore, field studies on seasonal incidence of major insect pests of potato and their natural enemies were carried out at the All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Potato, Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India during Kharif 2016 and 2017; and at Hangaraki, a village near Dharwad during Rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18. The observations on the seasonal abundance of potato insects, mites, and their natural enemies were recorded at weekly intervals starting from 20 days after the emergence of the plant till harvest. These observations were made under unprotected conditions. During Kharif season, the sucking pests were active from July second week and continued up to harvesting of the crop and the maximum pest population was observed during August second week to September first week. The peak activity of the shoot borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee was noticed during the 35th Meteorological Standard Week (MSW) (i.e., August). The maximum population of defoliator, Spodoptera litura (Fab.) was noticed during 34th MSW. The higher populations of coccinellid beetles and spiders were recorded during 35th MSW while chrysopid activity was maximum during 36th MSW (September). During Rabi season, the sucking pests were active from October second week and attained peak during the second and third week of November. The maximum activity of aphids and leafhoppers was noticed during the 46th and 47th MSW (November), respectively. The highest incidence of thrips was recorded during the 48th MSW. The peak population of whiteflies and mites was recorded during the 46th and 45th MSW, respectively. The peak activity defoliator and shoot borer were noticed during the 45th and 46th MSW, respectively. The chrysopid activity was maximum during 46th and 47th MSW.

Seasonal Incidence of Major Insect Pests of Mungbean

A field experiment conducted during the kharif 2018 evaluated the seasonal incidence of insect pests of mungbean. The results revealed occurrence of major sucking insect pests viz., whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.), leafhopper Empoasca kerri Pruthi, aphid Aphis craccivora Koch from vegetative stage to maturity stage. The lepidopterans viz., tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura (F.) and blue butterfly Lampides boeticus L., were observed from reproductive to maturity stage. Maximum incidence of B. tabaci was -at 9.70 nymphs and adults/ cage, E. kerri at 4.97 nymphs and adults/ plant, A. craccivora at 2.17 nymphs and adults/ plant, S. litura at 0.33 larvae/ plant and L. boeticus at 0.37 larvae/ plant and during the 39<sup>th</sup> standard week. Incidence of B. tabaci, A. craccivora, S. litura and L. boeticus showed significant positive correlation with maximum temperature, (r=0.79, 0.76, 0.82 and 0.85, respectively; B. tabaci with rainfall and S. litura with evening relative humidity showed a significant negative correlation (r=-0.76, -0.81, respectively).

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of jasmine Jasminum sambac L

Jasmine Jasminum sambac L. is an important ornamental crop that fetches recurrent income to farmers. The present study was carried out in three locations Sevandhanagar, Navalurkuttappattu and Horticulture farm, TNAU, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India from August 2019 to September 2020. The seasonal incidence of major insect pests such as Hendecasis duplifascialis Hampson, Nausinoe geometralis Guenee, Contarinia maculipennis Felt, Frankliniella scultzei Trybom and Tetranychus urticae Koch were studied. Hendecasis duplifascialis incidence was observed to be maximum (31.63% damaged buds) in second fortnight of October in Sevandhanagar; in Navalurkuttappattu, it was the incidence of N. geometralis (2.2 webs/ plant) that was maximum, and noticed in the second fortnight of December. In horticulture farm, maximum damage was of C. maculipennis (48.66% damaged buds) noticed in the second fortnight of September. Thrips population was significant and was observed positively correlated with maximum temperature in Sevandhanagar (r = 0.55).

Seasonal Incidence of Major Insect Pests of Sesame

This study explores the seasonal incidence of major insect pests of sesame at the Entomology Research Farm of the College of Agriculture, RVSKVV, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh during kharif, 2019. The results revealed that- among the sucking pests, the incidence of leafhopper Orosius albicinctus exhibited a positive and significant correlation with evening relative humidity (RH) and rainfall; and with evaporation it was significantly negative. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci did not show any significant correlation with weather factors. Of the other major pests, incidence of horned caterpillar Acherontia styx was observed to be significantly positively correlated with rainfall, evening RH and minimum temperature whereas it was a significant negative one with evaporation. With leafroller and capsule borer Antigastra catalaunalis it was a significant positive correlation with morning/ evening RH and rainfall, and a significant negative one with evaporation. Pod damage by A. catalaunalis was significantly negatively correlated with maximum and minimum temperature. The mirid Nesidiocoris tenuis showed a positive correlation with morning RH, and a significantly negative one with maximum temperature and evaporation. The incidence of gall fly Asphondylia sesami revealed a significant positive correlation with morning RH, while it was a significant negative one with evaporation and maximum temperature.

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of chilli and its correlation with weather parameters

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of chilli and its correlation with weather parameters

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of bottle gourd in relation with weather parameters under mid altitude hills of Meghalaya

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of bottle gourd in relation with weather parameters under mid altitude hills of Meghalaya

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of cabbage and their correlation with weather parameters

The peak activity of cabbage aphid, diamondback moth, headborer, tobacco leaf eating caterpillar and tussock moth was noticed during 51st SMW, 5th SMW, 4th SMW, 3rd SMW and 6th SMW, respectively with mean population of 112.2, 5.8, 1.6, 1.2 and 0.85 larvae/plant. The maximum population of natural enemies like maggot of syrphid fly, mummified aphids by Diaretiella rapae and lady bird beetle (grubs and adults) was noticed during 4th SMW, 2nd SMW and 3rd SMW with average population of 5.75, 20.00 and 1.55/plant. Population of cabbage pests was highly affected by weather parameters like temperature (maximum and minimum), relative humidity (maximum and minimum), rainfall, bright sunshine hours.

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of brinjal (Solanum melongena) and their correlation with weather parameters

The present investigation was undertaken to find the seasonal incidence of major insect pests of brinjal during kharif 2019 at the Research farm, College of Agriculture, Tikamgarh (M.P.). The results revealed that the incidence of sucking insect pests viz., whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) started from last week of September (39th standard week) with a population of 4.89/ 3 leaves and reached to a peak level during the second week of October (41st standard week) with a population of 8.96/ 3 leaves whereas jassid (Amrasca biguttula biguttula) started from last week of September (39th standard week) with a population of 0.80/ 3 leaves and reached to a peak level during the second week of October (41st standard week) with a population of 1.29/ 3 leaves. The incidence of shoot and fruit borer started from second week of October (41st standard week) with 4.0% shoot infestation and reached its peak during the second week of November (46th standard week) with 20.0% shoot infestation. Highest fruit infestation of 50% was recorded during the first week of December (49th standard week). Correlation studies showed that among the various abiotic factors, maximum (r= 0.73) and minimum temperature (r= 0.79) exhibited highly significant positive correlation and morning relative humidity exhibited significant negative correlation (r= -0.56) with whitefly population. In case of jassid population, maximum temperature exhibited significant positive correlation (r= 0.59) and minimum temperature exhibited highly significant positive correlation (r= 0.79) with jassid population. The incidence of shoot and fruit borer showed significant negative correlation with minimum temperature and rainfall (r = -0.77, -0.56, respectively).

Impact of sowing dates on incidence of major insect pests of castor (Ricinus communis L.) in South-Western Haryana

Impact of sowing dates on incidence of major insect pests of castor (Ricinus communis L.) in South-Western Haryana

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests infesting brinjal (Solanum melongena) crop in Udaipur, India

A field trial was conducted to find out the seasonal incidence of major insects pests of brinjal during August to December at Horticulture Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur. The investigation revealed that the incidence ofjassid (Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida) and white fly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) commenced after third week of August. The population of jassids touched the peak (15.87 jassids per 5 plants) during 1st-7th October at 28.25°C mean temperature and 65.65% relative humidity, whereas whiteflies reached the peak level during the 24th-30th September (34.76 white flies per 5 plants) with 25.55°C temperature and 65.20% relative humidity. The minimum population ofjassids and white flies were observed during the beginning of December (1.54 jassids per 5 plants) with 20.50°C temperature and 50.25% relative humidity and third week of August (1.43 white flies per 5 plats) at 26.45°C temperature and 73.8 relative humidity, respectively; whereas the incidence of brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) appeared last week of September with 8.34% infestation on fruits at 25.55°C mean temperature and 65.20% relative humidity and incidence reached the maximum level (67.45%) during the last week of October with 24.4°C temperature and 48.25% relative humidity. The population of jassids and shoot and fruit borer was found non-significant negatively correlated with average relative humidity but jassids population positively correlated with temperature, whereas whiteflies population showed a positive significant correlation with relative humidity but non significantly negative correlation with temperature.

Seasonal Incidence of Major Insect Pests of Apple in Mid Hills of Meghalaya

Seasonal incidence of major insect pests of apple in mid hills of Meghalaya was evaluated during 2018 at the Experimental farm of CPGSAS, Umiam, Meghalaya. A total of 43 insect species were observed. The major ones include- green apple aphid Aphis pomi De Geer, pale tussock moth Calliteara pudibunda L., tussock moth Euproctis guttata Collenette, giant looper Ascotis selenaria Denis and Schiffermuller and cocoa tussock moth Orgyia postica Walker. Also, 21 species were observed as minor pests, ten species as natural enemies, two species as pollinators and five species as occasional visitors. Results revealed that the aphid incidence is at its peak (34.75 aphids/ 10cm apical length of twig/shoot/ plant) on the 25th SMW (standard meteorological week) (3rd week of June 2018). Such a peak of pale tussock moth larval incidence (3.82 larva/ plant) was during 28th SMW (2nd week of July). Likewise, the tussock moth larval incidence (4.15 larvae/ plant) was its peak on the 35th SMW (last week of August). The giant looper was at its peak (3.46 larvae/ plant) in the 28th SMW (2nd week of July). The cocoa tussock moth incidence was at the maximum of 4.75 larvae/ plant on the 26th SMW (27th June). Correlation coefficients (r) indicated significant correlation between the incidence of green apple aphid with maximum temperature; and larval incidence of tussock moth and cocoa tussock moth exhibiting a significant correlation with minimum temperature. Regression analysis done herein will provide the impact of independent variables on the dependent variables.

Role of abiotic factors on the incidence of major insect pests of pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp

During present studies incidence of pod fly; Melanagromyza obtusa Malloch (Diptera: Agromyzidae), thrips; Megalurothrips usitatus Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), pod bug; Clavigralla gibbosa (Spinola) (Hemiptera: Coreidae), Kudzu bug; Megacopta cribraria Fabricius (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) and cow bug; Otinotus oneratus (Walker) (Hemiptera: Membracidae) was found negatively correlated with temperature (both maximum and minimum) and rainfall whereas positively correlated with morning relative humidity except thrips. It was also found that Leaf webber; Grapholita critica (Meyr.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) incidence was positively correlated with temperature and morning relative humidity. Regression analysis showed that minimum temperature significantly contributed more than 49% variation to the high population buildup of the C. gibbosa, M. cribraria and O. oneratus insects. The present study also report first time the effects of different abiotic factors on the incidence of Kudzu bug; M. cribraria.