Incidence Of Leafhopper Research Articles

Impact of Abiotic Factors on Occurrence of Capsule Borer and Sucking Pests in Sesamum

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural college, Naira, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India during early summer (January–April) of 2021 to know about the incidence of leaf webber and sucking pests viz., leafhopper (Hishimonus phycitis Distant) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) its relation with main weather factors. Results revealed that a peak incidence of mean capsule borer population per plant were recorded in 9th and 11th standard weeks, respectively. The correlation study revealed that the Antigastra larvae had significantly positive correlation with maximum temperature (r=0.48) and significantly negative correlation with relative humidity (r=- 0.71). The regression analysis revealed that these factors accounted for approximately 59.8% of the variation in the capsule borer population (R2=0.598). The incidence of leafhopper (Hishimonus phycitis Distant) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) were started during 5th and 4th SMW attained their peaks during 11th an 12th SMW respectively. The correlation study revealed that the leafhopper showed significant positive correlation with maximum temperature (r=0.623) and minimum temperature (r=0.283) and significantly negatively correlated with morning and evening relative humidity (r=-0.165, r=-0.122) respectively. While the correlation study between whitefly population and weather parameters revealed that the it showed positive correlation with maximum (r=0.821) and minimum (r=0.120) temperature and negatively correlated with morning and evening relative humidity (r=-0.097, r=-0.182) respectively whereas, rainfall showed non-significant correlation (r=0.00) with the both sucking pests.

Seasonal Incidence of Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and Leafhopper (Empoasca kerri) on Soybean

The investigation titled " seasonal incidence of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and leafhopper (Empoasca kerri) on soybean" was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Adilabad, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University during the kharif seasons of 2017 and 2018. The pooled results revealed that among various sowing dates, namely, 18th - 15th of June (sowing I), 28th - 25th of June (sowing II), 7th - 5th of July (sowing III), 17th - 15th of July (sowing IV), and 27th - 25th of July (sowing V), sowing I recorded the minimum incidence of the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) population (2.00), and the maximum incidence was observed in sowing III (2.77) during kharif 2017. In the kharif season of 2018, the minimum incidence was noted in sowing IV (4.25), while the maximum was observed in sowing II (5.22). Similarly, the incidence of leafhoppers (Empoasca kerri Pruthi) was at its minimum during sowing I (2.99 and 4.41) and reached its maximum during sowing III (3.67 and 6.16) in kharif 2017 and 2018, respectively.

Influence of Weather Factors on the Incidence of Major Insect Pests of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Population dynamics of major pests viz., web worm, Antigastra catalaunalis (Duponchel), leaf hoppers Orosius albicinctus (Distant) and gallfly Asphondilia sesami (Felt) infesting sesame was studied in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India during Rabi and Kharif seasons of the year 2020. Correlation between the pest population, percent damage and weather parameters was analyzed and regression equations were developed. The incidence of leaf hoppers, web worm and gallfly on sesame crop during Rabi season started on 4th, 3rd and 7th Standard meteorological week (SMW) respectively. The peak attained on 8th,11th, and 11th SMW with population of leafhoppers and damage by web worm and gallfly (2.01/plant,60.04 percent and 49.68 percent) respectively during Rabi season. In case of leafhopper and web worm, minimum temperature (r=0.031r=0.373) had non-significant positive correlation whereas mean relative humidity (r=-0.02) registered non-significant negative correlation with leaf hopper and web worm significant negative correlation Gall fly incidence showed significant positive correlation with maximum and minimum temperature. Whereas in Kharif season, incidence of leafhoppers, web worm and gallfly on sesame crop started on 33rd, 32nd and 37th SMW respectively. The peak activity and incidence was noticed during 37th, 39th and 40th SMW for leafhoppers, web worm and gallfly respectively. The correlation between weather parameters and incidence of major pests followed a similar pattern to kharif season. Regression analysis data revealed that the multiple non-linear regression equations are sufficient to predict the pest population with prevailing weather parameters.

Screening of Different Genotypes of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass) against Major Insect Pests

An experiment was conducted at Project Coordinating Unit Sesame and Niger, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (M.P.) during Pre-Rabi season in the year 2020-21, encompassed of 21 promising genotypes of Niger which were screened for resistance/susceptibility against whiteflies, leafhoppers, and capsule fly. The genotypes JNS-28, JNS-9, JNC-6, NRS-1805, IGPN-15-02 and NRS-1513 were found promising against whitefly. The genotypes JNS-2017-8, IGPN-15-02, NRS-1513, NRS-1511 and JNS-2017-1 were found promising against the incidence of leafhopper. The genotypes DNS-19-24, JNS-2017-8, JNS-2016-1115, NRS-1513 and NRS-1807 were found promising against capsule fly.

Population Dynamic of Cotton Leafhopper, Amrasca devastans (Homoptera: Jassidae): A Review

Cotton leafhopper, Amrasca devastans has become very serious pest in recent years. Both nymphs and adults suck the sap from under surface of the leaf causing specking symptoms, crinkling and distortion of leaves and reddening all along the sides of leaves with downward curling. A. devastans caused significant damage during early stage by sucking the cell sap of the cotton leaves. The incidence of leafhopper was recorded from 23rd SMW to 38th SMW at seven days interval. The maximum leafhopper population on RCH 650 BGII Bt (2.26/ leaf) was found during 33rd SMW and on H-1098-i non-Bt (1.89/ leaf) was found during 32nd SMW. Throughout the season the leafhopper incidence was found lower than the economic threshold in H-1098-i non-Bt. Nymphal population exhibited significant positive correlation with relative humidity and rainy days.

Influence of Prevailing Weather Parameters on Population Dynamics of Leafhopper Empoasca kerri and Thrips Scirtothrips dorsalis on Groundnut in Semi Arid Ecosystem of Rajasthan

The field experiment were conducted at Agronomy farm, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner during Kharif, 2020 and 2021 to know the population dynamics of leafhopper, Empoasca kerri Pruthi and thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood on groundnut. The primary focus of research on the effects of weather variables on insect ecology. The incidence of leafhopper, E. kerri and thrips S. dorsalis appeared in the fifth and fourth week of July in both the years and the population of leafhopper and thrips reached to its peak in the second and first week of September during Kharif, 2020 and 2021 respectively. The correlation studies indicated that the leafhopper and thrips population had significant positive correlation with relative humidity (r= 0.62 and r= 0.60) and (r= 0.77 and r= 0.75) during both the Kharif seasons 2020 and 2021 respectively. Whereas the leafhopper and thrips population had significant positive correlation (r= 0.59 and r= 0.61) respectively at minimum temperature in Kharif 2021.

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in a Corn Field.

Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) are phytophagous insects that transmit diseases and cause damage to this crop. Thus, the main goal of this study was to verify the spatiotemporal behavior of the leafhoppers Tapajosa ocellata (Osborn, 1926), Dechacona missionum (Berg, 1879), and Dalbulus maidis (DeLong, 1923) in a corn field in Igarapé-Açu, northeastern Pará, northern Brazil. An area of 1.0 ha was used for the development of the study. A mango agroecosystem, a pasture, and secondary forest fragment are adjacent to the experimental area. The sampling of leafhoppers occurred during the 2015 and 2016 harvests. For sampling, 10 random plants per plot were analyzed, totaling 1000 plants per sample. In order to verify the occurrence of leafhoppers, all aerial parts of the plants were analyzed visually. The spatiotemporal behavior of leafhoppers and influence of adjacent areas and phenological stages of corn were verified through geostatistics. From the composition of semivariograms, interpolation maps were constructed by kriging. The results showed that, in 2015, there was a higher incidence of D. maidis compared to the following year. In 2016, 352 individuals of T. ocellata and 66 of D. missionum were observed. Regarding the spatial distribution, it was found that the smallest area of influence of T. ocellata, D. missionum, and D. maidis was 0.09, 0.08, and 0.05 ha, respectively. The spatial distribution of leafhoppers showed an aggregate behavior concentrated close to adjacent areas with a predominance of grasses. Population fluctuation demonstrated that the highest incidence of leafhoppers occurs in the vegetative stages of corn.

Correlation the incidence of major insect-pest and natural enemies with weather parameters

Major insect pest of okra viz., jassid (Amrasca bigutulla biguttula), whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), and shoot and fruit borer (Earias vittella) damaged heavily during the kharif. The incidence of leafhopper, whitefly, shoot and fruit borer and natural enemies show correlation with weather parameters, minimum temperature showed significantly positive correlation (r = 0.611* and 0.807**) with jassid incidence during both the year of study. Maximum temperature showed non-significant negative correlation with jassid incidence during 2018 and significantly positive correlation during 2019 and correlation values in respective years were (r= -0.234 and 0.836**). Relative humidity and rainfall showed negative non-significant correlation with Whitefly incidence during both the years and correlation values in respective years were (r= -0.323, -0.092 and r= -0.562, -0.580). Minimum temperature showed positive significant correlation (r= 0.757** and 0.835**) during both the years. Maximum temperature showed non-significant negative correlation with per cent shoot damage during 2018 and significantly positive correlation during 2019 and correlation values in respective years were (r= -0.138 and 0.810**). Whereas, wind speed and sunshine showed positive non-significant correlation (r= 0.040 and 0.171) during first year and negative non-significant correlation (r= -0.373 and -0.064) during second year. minimum temperature and Clubiona sp. showed positive significant correlation (r= 0.438 and 0.493) during both the years.

Incidence of leafhoppers in rice in relation to meteorological parameters

The present investigation was carried out at College of Agriculture, V. C. Farm, Mandya, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, during Kharif 2019. Occurrence of leafhoppers of rice was monitored by using yellow sticky trap on rice variety Jaya. The investigation revealed that, hoppers activity was first recorded during 36th standard meteorological week (SMW) on yellow sticky traps. Among the leafhopper complex observed during crop period only four species were abundant viz., Nephottetix virescens, N. nigropictus, C. spectra and Maiestas dorsalis. The peak incidence of Nephottetix virescens was observed during 45th SMW (25.00 hoppers/trap). The more number of N. nigropictus was recorded from 44th to 48th SMW (15.30 to 13.00 hoppers /trap). The highest number of trap catches was noticed at 45th SMW (19.8 hoppers/trap). N. virescens and N. nigropictus showed significant and positive association with sunshine hours and maximum temperature. Whereas, minimum temperature and morning relative humidity had found positive and non-significant association. Afternoon relative humidity, rainfall and number of rainy days were found negative association on leafhopper build up and found non-significant.

Seasonal incidence of the sucking pest and lady bird beetle on Bt cotton

Seasonal incidence of sucking pests in Kharif 2016 at College of Agriculture, Dhule revealed that, the leafhopper incidence reached its peak activity during the second week of October (6.64 leafhoppers/3 leaves/plant), whereas, the peak incidence of aphids was noticed in the third week of October (8.82 aphids/3 leaves/plant). The peak incidence of the whiteflies was recorded during the fourth week of October (8.02 whiteflies/3 leaves/plant). The peak incidence of the thrips was recorded during the third week of October (6.76 thrips/3 leaves/plant). The activity of predator lady bird beetle was at its peak during first week of October (2.94 lady bird beetles/plant), which is directly related with the activity of the sucking pest in field. The correlation between incidence of leaf hoppers (r = 0.205), aphids (r = 0.174), whiteflies (r = 0.206), thrips (r = 0.167), was positively non-significant with maximum temperature (T max ). The minimum temperature (T min ) showed negative significant correlation with whiteflies (r = -0.640**), thrips (r =-0.464*) and negative non-significant correlation with leafhoppers(r =-0.411) and aphids (r = -0.3111). The morning relative humidity (MRH) showed negative significant correlation with occurrence of whiteflies (r = -0.440*) and negative non significant correlation with occurrence of the leafhoppers(r = -0.123), aphids (r = -0.101) and thrips (r = -0.184). Similarly, the evening humidity (ERH) showed negative non significant correlation with the pests such as leafhoppers(r = -0.038), aphids (r = -0.021), whiteflies (r = -0.166) and thrips (r = -0.085) during Kharif 2016 season. The rainfall had negatively non significant effect at 5 per cent level of significance with leafhoppers, aphids, whitefly and thrips.

Biofertilizante orgânico na cultura do feijoeiro comum

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de ativador biológico na produtividade e caracteres agronômicos na cultura do feijoeiro comum, no qual foi realizado na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul-UEMS, Unidade Universitária de Aquidauana, setor de fitotecnia. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados em esquemas de parcelas subdivididas com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram compostas pelos tratamentos Bokashi, Convencional e testemunha. E as subparcelas, com dimensões de 5X3 m compostas pelas cultivares BRS Pérola, BRS Notável, BRS Campeiro, IAC Milênio e BRS Agreste, proveniente do banco de Germoplasma da Embrapa Arroz e Feijão. As avaliações foram realizadas no período vegetativo específico para cada variável, mensurando, número de vagens por planta, número de grãos/vagens, massa verde de parte aérea e raiz, massa seca de parte aérea e raiz, análise foliar para determinação de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio, densidade e comprimento de raiz, nódulos ativos, número de nódulos por planta e produtividade de grãos. Os dados foram coletados e submetidos a análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Todas as análises foram realizadas com software Rbio (Bhering, 2017). Com isso observamos que a cultivar pérola foi superior nas variáveis densidade de raiz e massa de cem grãos, o tratamento convencional foi superior aos demais para número de ramificação, com relação a pragas, houve maior incidência de cigarrinha na cultivar BRS Campeiro. Foi observado que é possível produzir feijão em sistema orgânico alcançando produtividade semelhante à obtida no sistema convencional.

English

English

Leafhopper Species Associated with Avocados at Morelos, Mexico

Abstract. The incidence of leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) on avocado, Persea americana Mill., is a phytosanitary problem of interest because of diverse damage to the leaves. Through direct sampling with aspirators and yellow sticky traps, diversity, damage, and abundance of leafhoppers were evaluated at six localities with different altitude gradients at Morelos, Mexico. Five leafhopper species belonging to the Typhlocybinae family were identified. Joruma krausi Ruppel & DeLong was the most abundant species and fed on and deformed vegetative buds. Idona minuenda (Ball) fed on and induced chlorotic spots on the face of mature leaves. Empoasca deskina DeLong & Guevara and Empoasca angustella DeLong caused chlorosis and curling with later necrosis and defoliation. Alconeura candida Ruppel & DeLong was collected from mature leaves and found only at one location, unlike the others that were found in the entire study area. We observed a tendency for a greater number of individuals at higher altitudes. Wi...

Relative Incidence of Insect-Pest Complex in Bt and non-Bt Cotton Cultivars

An investigation was carried out to find out the relative incidence of pest complex in three cottoncultivars viz., in MECH 162 Bt, MECH 162 non-Bt. The treatments were replicated nine times in randomized block design. The incidence of leafhopper, aphid and whitefly was found in all the three cultivars throughout the crop season, but the worm, Helicoverpa armigera and spotted bollworm, Earias vittella infestation was comparatively less in MECH 162 Btcotton than other cultivars. The maximum incidence of H. armigera was recorded during 14th and 15th week after sowing in all three cultivars.

Population Dynamics of Leafhopper, Amrasca devastans Distant in Cotton and its Relationship with Weather Parameters

Field trial was conducted to determine the effect of ecological factors on the incidence and development of leafhopper, Amrasca devastans at five different dates of sowing on three varieties of cotton. The pest population was started from third week of February on third weeks old crop and acquired its peak in second week of March on six weeks old crop. Maximum pest population (9.30/3 leaves) was build up at temperature ranged from 210 to 310 C, relative humidity ranges from 82 and 55%, zero rainfall, wind velocity 4.5 km/hr, total sunshine hours (9.00 hrs/week), evaporation (56.10 mm) and dewfall (1.491 mm). The highest incidence of leafhopper population was recorded in cv. MCU 7 followed by SPCH 22 and SVPR 3. Leafhopper population was build up showed a significant and positive correlation with morning and evening relative humidity and rainfall whereas, it was significant and negative association with minimum temperature, wind velocity and dewfall. The determination of effects of different weather factors on population of leafhoppers in cotton was essential for effective pest management.

Adubação e inseticidas no controle de Empoasca kraemeri e Bemisia tabaci, em cultivares de feijoeiro semeados no inverno

Vários fatores influenciam a produtividade da cultura do feijoeiro, dentre estes podem ser citados as pragas, merecendo destaque, a cigarrinha verde, Empoasca kraemeri Ross & Moore (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) e principalmente a mosca branca, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), que prejudica o feijoeiro pela transmissão do vírus do mosaico dourado. Este trabalho avalia o efeito de cultivares de feijoeiro, adubação e inseticidas nas populações de E. kraemeri e B. tabaci na época de semeadura "de inverno". Os genótipos utilizados foram IAPAR MD-806, IAPAR MD-808, IAC-Carioca e Bolinha. Avaliaram-se, dos 7 aos 56 dias após emergência das plantas, o número de ninfas e adultos de cigarrinha verde e mosca branca, percentual de ataque de cigarrinha e número de plantas com sintomas de mosaico dourado. Na colheita, foram avaliados o número e peso de vagens por planta, o número de grãos por planta e peso de grãos (kg ha-1). Os danos de cigarrinha verde e os sintomas de mosaico dourado foram menos intensos em IAPAR MD-806 e IAPAR MD-808 em relação ao Bolinha e IAC-Carioca. A adubação não influenciou o número médio de adultos de cigarrinha verde nos genótipos de feijoeiro. As aplicações de inseticidas e adubo proporcionaram menores números médios de adultos de mosca branca nos genótipos de feijoeiro quando avaliados em conjunto aos 56 dias após emergência das plantas.

Pest management in fodder cowpea(Vigna unguiculataL. Walp.) through mixed‐and inter‐cropping in India

Abstract In a study of the effects of inter‐cropping and mixed‐cropping of cowpea and sorghum during the kharif, 1982 and 1983, the incidence of leafhoppers and the damage caused by defoliators were most reduced in a row inter‐crop, less in mixed, within row, farming and least in a pure crop of cowpea. Greater green fodder and dry‐matter yields of cowpea were obtained in inter‐crop between rows and in mixed‐crop, within row farming.