Incidence Of Intraoperative Bleeding Research Articles

Effects of Indocyanine Green (ICG) Imaging-Assisted Cholecystectomy on Intraoperative and Postoperative Complications: A meta-Analysis.

Accurate recognition of Calot's triangle during cholecystectomy is important in preventing intraoperative and postoperative complications. The use of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging has become increasingly prevalent in cholecystectomy procedures. Our study aimed to evaluate the specific effects of ICG-assisted imaging in reducing complications. A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Europe PMC, and WANFANGH DATA was conducted to identify relevant articles up to July 5, 2023. Review Manager 5.3 software was applied to statistical analysis. Our meta-analysis of 14 studies involving 3576 patients compared the ICG group (1351 patients) to the control group (2225 patients). The ICG group had a lower incidence of postoperative complications (4.78% vs 7.25%; RR .71; 95%CI: .54-.95; P = .02). Bile leakage was significantly reduced in the ICG group (.43% vs 2.02%; RR = .27; 95%CI: .12-.62; I2 = 0; P = .002), and they also had a lower bile duct drainage rate (24.8% vs 31.8% RR = .64, 95% CI: .44-.91, P = .01). Intraoperative complexes showed no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (1.16% vs 9.24%; RR .17; 95%CI .03-1.02), but the incidence of intraoperative bleeding is lower in the ICG group. ICG fluorescence imaging-assisted cholecystectomy was associated with a range of benefits, including a lower incidence of postoperative complications, decreased rates of bile leakage, reduced bile duct drainage, fewer intraoperative complications, and reduced intraoperative bleeding.

Will partial splenic embolization followed by splenectomy increase intraoperative bleeding?

Partial splenic embolization (PSE) has been suggested as an alternative to splenectomy in the treatment of hypersplenism. However, some patients may experience recurrence of hypersplenism after PSE and require splenectomy. Currently, there is a lack of evidence-based medical support regarding whether preoperative PSE followed by splenectomy can reduce the incidence of complications. To investigate the safety and therapeutic efficacy of preoperative PSE followed by splenectomy in patients with cirrhosis and hypersplenism. Between January 2010 and December 2021, 321 consecutive patients with cirrhosis and hypersplenism underwent splenectomy at our department. Based on whether PSE was performed prior to splenectomy, the patients were divided into two groups: PSE group (n = 40) and non-PSE group (n = 281). Patient characteristics, postoperative complications, and follow-up data were compared between groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted, and univariable and multivariable analyses were used to establish a nomogram predictive model for intraoperative bleeding (IB). The receiver operating characteristic curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were employed to evaluate the differentiation, calibration, and clinical performance of the model. After PSM, the non-PSE group showed significant reductions in hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, and operation time (all P = 0.00). Multivariate analysis revealed that spleen length, portal vein diameter, splenic vein diameter, and history of PSE were independent predictive factors for IB. A nomogram predictive model of IB was constructed, and DCA demonstrated the clinical utility of this model. Both groups exhibited similar results in terms of overall survival during the follow-up period. Preoperative PSE followed by splenectomy may increase the incidence of IB and a nomogram-based prediction model can predict the occurrence of IB.

Harmonic Scalpel versus Electrocautery and its Outcome in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective Interventional Study

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can now be performed safely and effectively due to various surgical tools that have significantly reduced intraoperative and postoperative problems. The Harmonic® Scalpel (HS) is a superior option to more conventional Electrocautery (EC) because it reduces temperatures, smoke, and lateral tissue damage. The Harmonic® Scalpel also lowers the risk of injury due to minimal heat dispersion. Due to less trauma, there is a decrease in both moderate and severe bleeding. It is hypothesised that the HS might be a more cost-effective alternative to employing a variety of disposable tools, such as scissors, a clipper, an EC hook, and a grasper. Aim: To compare the effectiveness and safety of the HS compared to traditional EC in achieving complete dissection and haemostasis during laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Materials and Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted with 300 patients diagnosed with chronic calculous cholecystitis, admitted to a tertiary care hospital under Department of General Surgery, from November 2020 to October 2022. Patients were allocated to two groups, and the outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy were compared between the usage of a HS and EC in Calot’s triangle dissection and Gallbladder (GB) dissection from the GB fossa. Descriptive data were represented through frequencies and percentages. The means of the two groups were compared using t-test, and categorical variables were compared using chi-square test. Results: The mean age was 46.53±13.740 years in the HS group, while it was 45.3±13.961 years in the EC group. The average duration of dissection with a HS was 52.84±6.167 minutes and 56.79±5.582 minutes in the EC group (p-value 0.001). A total of 67 (44.7%) patients in the HS group had minimal or no bleeding, while it was 23 (15.3%) patients in the EC group. GB perforation occurred in 13 (8.7%) patients in the HS group and in 26 (17.3%) patients in the EC group. Liver injury occurred in 2 (1.3%) patients in the HS group and in 6 (4%) patients in the EC group. Postoperative nausea and vomiting were reported in 20 (13.3%) and 72 (48%) patients in the HS and EC groups, respectively, in the first 48 hours. All these associations were found to be statistically significant (p-value 0.001). Conclusion: The present study found that the HS offers a hassle-free dissection without much incidence of intraoperative bleeding or surrounding tissue damage.

Efficient Initial Eradication of Large Esophageal Varices by Balloon-compression Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy

The management of large esophageal varices (EVs) remains challenging because of the difficulty of endoscopic variceal ligation and fatal post-endoscopic variceal ligation bleeding ulcers. The current study evaluated the efficacy and safety of balloon-compression endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (bc-EIS) in the treatment of large EVs. This retrospective study included 105 patients with cirrhosis exhibiting large EVs (64 in the bc-EIS group and 41 in the EIS group). Primary outcomes included the initial rate of variceal eradication and intraoperative bleeding signs. Secondary outcomes included incidences of rebleeding, mortality, complications, and optimal time of balloon-compression (bc). The initial rate of variceal eradication in the bc-EIS group was significantly higher than that in the EIS group (46.9 vs. 24.4%; P =0.021). The incidence of intraoperative bleeding, which was represented as oozing and spurting, in the bc-EIS group was markedly lower than that in the EIS group (43.8 vs. 61.0% and 9.4 vs. 39.0%, respectively; P =0.043). Patients in the bc-EIS group showed a significantly lower incidence of rebleeding (0.0 vs. 17.1%; P =0.001). However, no significant difference in mortality rate was observed between different groups. Chest pain or discomfort tended to be more common in the EIS group than in the bc-EIS group (58.5 vs. 17.2%; P =0.001). The cut-off value of 11.5-minutes appeared to have a maximum combined sensitivity and specificity of 80.0% and 58.8%, respectively. The area under the curve was 0.708 (95% confidence interval =0.576-0.839; P =0.004). bc-EIS could achieve a higher variceal eradication rate and milder intraoperative bleeding signs in large EVs. Furthermore, 11.5-minutes appeared to be the optimal compression time in bc-EIS.

The Feasibility and Safety of the Clip-and-Snare Method with a Prelooping Technique for Gastric Submucosal Tumors Removal: A Single-Center Experience (with Video).

Aim This study compared the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) combined with clip-and-snare method and a prelooping technique (CSM-PLT) with ESD alone for the treatment of gastric submucosal tumors (gSMTs). Methods We retrospectively enrolled a matched group of 86 patients who received ESD combined with CSM-PLT or ESD alone from July 2010 to July 2020. The primary outcomes included complete resection, en bloc resection, and R0 resection. Results Eighty-six patients with gSMTs were enrolled in ESD combined with CSM-PLT group and ESD group, respectively. There were no significant differences in gender, age, tumor size, tumor location, and tumor origin between the two groups. The complete resection, en bloc resection, and R0 resection rates were comparable between two groups (P=1, P=0.31, and P=0.25, respectively). There were no significant differences in terms of hospital stays, hospitalization cost, postoperative complications, and residual rate (P=0.42, P=0.74, P=0.65, and P=1, respectively) between the two groups. However, the ESD combined with CSM-PLT was associated with a shorter procedure duration and fewer intraoperative complications (P < 0.001 and P=0.024, respectively). In addition, the incidence of intraoperative bleeding in ESD combined with CSM-PLT group was significantly lower than that in ESD group (P=0.04). Conclusion Both ESD combined with CSM-PLT and ESD were effective and safe modalities for the treatment of gSMTs. However, ESD combined with CSM-PLT was associated with a shorter procedure duration and fewer intraoperative complications.

Radical versus conservative surgical treatment of liver hydatid cysts: A paired comparison analysis

BackgroundThe management of liver hydatid cysts (LHC) is complex and includes surgery, percutaneous drainage, chemotherapy and observation. Broadly, there are two types of surgical treatment for LHC - conservative surgery (CS) and radical surgery (RS). The purpose of this study was to compare the outcome of RS and CS. MethodsData from all patients with LHC treated in Sahloul Hospital, between January 2000 and December 2019, were retrieved. To minimize selection bias, paired comparison analysis (PCA) was performed. ResultsA total of 914 patients were included in this study. RS and CS were performed in 284 and 630 patients, respectively. After PCA, 206 patients were included in each group. The incidence of intraoperative bleeding was significantly higher in the RS group. The overall morbidity was significantly lower in the RS group. Thity-four patients developed recurrence with significantly higher recurrence in CS group. ConclusionRS is associated with fewer postoperative complications and lower recurrence rate compared to CS. RS may be the preferred procedure for LHC if the expertise is available.

Rapid popliteal artery release sensu A.N. Kazantsev in acute thrombosis in patients with COVID-19

Aim. To analyze the outcomes of popliteal thrombectomy using the standard release technique with vascular instruments and rapid release sensu A. N. Kazantsev in patients with acute popliteal artery thrombosis (PAT) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Material and methods. The present prospective single-center study for the period from April 1, 2020 to March 17, 2021 included 157 patients with acute PAT and COVID-19 at the Alexandrovskaya City Hospital. All patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the popliteal artery access: group 1 (n=88; 56%) — rapid release sensu A. N. Kazantsev; group 2 (n=69; 44%) — standard popliteal artery release using vascular instruments (vascular forceps and scissors) and tourniquets. Rapid popliteal artery release was distinguished by the fact that fasciotomy and hemostasis, the fatty tissue behind it and up to the artery was torn with two index fingers. First, the fingers were joined together at the lateral edges and inserted into the wound middle. Then the wound together with tissues was stretched with fingers to proximal and distal edges until the popliteal artery was visualized. Further, a Beckmann retractor was used to fix the torn fiber to the upper and lower wound walls. The tourniquets were not used.Results. Surgical access duration (group 1, 4,5±1,3 minutes; group 2, 11,41±0,9 minutes; p=0,005), as well as the total procedure duration (group 1, 47,5±2,8 minutes; group 2, 62,15±4,5 min; p=0,001) had the lowest values in the group of rapid popliteal artery release. Moreover, all intraoperative bleedings (n=11; 15,9%) was recorded in group 2 as a result of popliteal vein injuries and/or bleeding from popliteal artery. The retrombosis rate in the rapid release group was lower (group 1, 40,9%; group 2, 55,1%; p=0,03). On the first day after surgery, 18% of thrombosis developed in group 1, and 39% in group 2. The mortality rate was highest in the standard artery release group (group 1, 55,7%; group 2, 86,9%; p&lt;0,0001; OR, 0,18; 95% CI, 0,08-0,42). In all cases, the cause of death was systemic multiple organ failure due to severe pneumonia, pulmonary edema, and cytokine storm.Conclusion. The use of rapid popliteal artery release sensu A. N. Kazantsev significantly reduces the thrombectomy duration in the context of COVID-19. This effect is achieved due to a decrease in the incidence of intraoperative bleeding, no need to use tourniquets and vascular instruments. A decrease in the ischemia duration using novel release technique reduces the retrombosis rate, as well as deaths caused by systemic multiple organ failure against the background of hyperperfusion and compartment syndrome. Reducing the operation duration with the use of rapid popliteal artery release sensu A. N. Kazantsev reduces the time of intraoperative mechanical ventilation, which in COVID-19 patients reduces the risks of pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, emphysema, and pulmonary embolism. Thus, the rapid popliteal artery release sensu A. N. Kazantsev can be recommended for popliteal thrombectomy in patients with COVID-19.

Intravitreal conbercept as an adjuvant in vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal conbercept (IVC) in pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). A meta-analysis of randomized control trials (RCTs) using online databases was performed. The intraoperative outcome measures were the incidence of intraoperative bleeding and endodiathermy application, and the mean surgical time. The postoperative outcome measures were mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline, postoperative vitreous clear-up time and incidence of recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (VH). Eight RCTs were selected for meta-analysis. They included 409 eyes (215 eyes in IVC group and 194 eyes in no conbercept group). Preoperative IVC application was associated with less intraoperative bleeding and endodiathermy applications (RR = 0.34, 95% CI, 0.23-0.50, P < 0.00001, and RR = 0.26, 95% CI, 0.12-0.56, P = 0.0005) compared to no conbercept. It also shortened surgical time (WMD = -15.87, 95% CI, -22.04 to -9.69, P < 0.00001). In addition, preoperative or intraoperative IVC achieved better BCVA outcome (WMD = -0.37, 95% CI, -0.62 to -0.13, P = 0.003), shorter vitreous clear-up time postoperatively (WMD = -5.44, 95% CI, -6.31 to -4.57, P < 0.00001) and a lower rate of VH recurrence (RR = 0.45, 95% CI, 0.22-0.91, P = 0.03). IVC is an effective adjuvant in PPV for PDR, with better intraoperative and postoperative outcomes.

Early versus Delayed Hepatectomy for Spontaneously Ruptured Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective Here, we aimed to compare early hepatectomy (EH) with delayed hepatectomy (DH) as a treatment for spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Several databases were systematically searched for eligible studies that compared DH with EH for spontaneously ruptured HCC treatment. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed systematically, and the reported data were aggregated statistically, using the RevMan v5.3 software. Results Seven studies were included, with a total of 385 patients, comprising of 224 EH cases and 161 DH cases. Compared with the EH group, incidence of intraoperative bleeding [mean difference (MD), 353.93; 95% CI, 230.04-447.83; P < 0.00001], volume of intraoperative blood transfusion (MD, 420.61; 95% CI, 354.40-486.81, P < 0.00001), and 30-day mortality rate (OR, 14.94; 95% CI, 1.76-126.66; P = 0.01) were significantly lower in the DH group. Furthermore, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were significantly higher in the DH group [1-year：hazard ratio (HR), 1.76; 95% CI, 1.06-2.94; P = 0.03; 2-year：HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.02-2.25; P = 0.04; 3-year: HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.06-2.21; P = 0.02]. There was no difference between the groups in the 5-year survival rate (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 0.92-2.11; P = 0.11). Conclusion For resectable spontaneously ruptured HCC, DH could reduce intraoperative bleeding, intraoperative blood transfusion volume, and 30-day mortality rate and increase the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates, endowing the patients with greater short- and long-term benefits during and following the surgery.

Conventional Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication versus Rossetti’s Modification in Management of GERD; A Comparative Study

Abstract Background gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is increasingly prevalent and costly, and it may affect as much as 20% of the western population. The pathophysiology of GERD is not due to acid overproduction but rather mechanical dysfunction centered around the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Furthermore, the mainstay of GERD treatment, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), have come under scrutiny because of worrisome side effects. Aim of the Work to prospectively compare between laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and its Rossetti’s modification as anti-reflux procedures along with their operative and post-operative outcomes. Patients and Methods this is a prospective randomized study that was conducted on twenty (20) patients presenting to Ain-Shams University Hospitals in whom fundoplication was indicated for management of chronic GERD and was operated upon starting October 2016 to October 2018 with minimal follow up duration of one year. Results both procedures were nearly efficient and equal as regards the symptomatic control for the patients, the improvement in their quality of life, healing of esophagitis restoration of the high pressure zone, and post-operative hospital stay, while the Nissen’s procedure was nearly similar to the Rossetti’s modification in the aspect of post-operative dysphagia and gas-bloat syndrome, the modified Rossetti procedure showed significant superiority regarding the operative time, the incidence of intra-operative bleeding and splenic injury. Conclusion the Rossetti procedure carried better results in the operative time, operative bleeding and splenic injury though it showed nearly no difference in incidence of post-operative dysphagia.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Myringosclerosis Formation after Ventilation Tube Insertion

BackgroundThis study examined possible risk factors for myringosclerosis formation after ventilation tube insertion (VTI).MethodsA retrospective study was performed in a single tertiary referral center. A total of 582 patients who underwent VTI were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of myringosclerosis: MS+ and MS−. Characteristics of patients were collected through medical chart review; these included age, gender, nature and duration of effusion, type of ventilation tube (VT), duration and frequency of VTI, incidence of post-VTI infection, incidence of intraoperative bleeding, and presence of postoperative perforation. Incidences of risk factors for myringosclerosis and the severity of myringosclerosis in association with possible risk factors were analyzed.ResultsMyringosclerosis developed in 168 of 582 patients (28.9%) after VTI. Patients in the MS+ group had an older mean age than those in the MS− group. The rates of myringosclerosis were higher in patients with older age, serous otitis media, type 2 VT, post-VTI perforation, and frequent VTI. However, there were no differences in occurrence of myringosclerosis based on gender, duration of effusion, duration of VT placement, incidence of post-VTI infection, or incidence of intraoperative bleeding. The severity of myringosclerosis was associated with the duration of effusion and frequency of VTI.ConclusionOlder age, serous effusion, type 2 VT, presence of post-VTI perforation, and frequent VTI may be risk factors for myringosclerosis after VTI; the severity of myringosclerosis may vary based on the duration of effusion and frequency of VTI.

International expert consensus on the management of bleeding during VATS lung surgery.

Intraoperative bleeding is the most crucial safety concern of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for a major pulmonary resection. Despite the advances in surgical techniques and devices, intraoperative bleeding is still not rare and remains the most common and potentially fatal cause of conversion from VATS to open thoracotomy. Therefore, to guide the clinical practice of VATS lung surgery, we proposed the International Interest Group on Bleeding during VATS Lung Surgery with 65 experts from 10 countries in the field to develop this consensus document. The consensus was developed based on the literature reports and expert experience from different countries. The causes and incidence of intraoperative bleeding were summarised first. Seven situations of intraoperative bleeding were collected based on clinical practice, including the bleeding from massive vessel injuries, bronchial arteries, vessel stumps, and bronchial stumps, lung parenchyma, lymph nodes, incisions, and the chest wall. The technical consensus for the management of intraoperative bleeding was achieved on these seven surgical situations by six rounds of repeated revision. Following expert consensus statements were achieved: (I) Bleeding from major vascular injuries: direct compression with suction, retracted lung, or rolled gauze is useful for bleeding control. The size and location of the vascular laceration are evaluated to decide whether the bleeding can be stopped by direct compression or by ligation. If suturing is needed, the suction-compressing angiorrhaphy technique (SCAT) is recommended. Timely conversion to thoracotomy with direct compression is required if the operator lacks experience in thoracoscopic angiorrhaphy. (II) Bronchial artery bleeding: pre-emptive clipping of bronchial artery before bronchial dissection or lymph node dissection can reduce the incidence of bleeding. Bronchial artery bleeding can be stopped by compression with the suction tip, followed by the handling of the vascular stump with energy devices or clips. (III) Bleeding from large vessel stumps and bronchial stumps: bronchial stump bleeding mostly comes from accompanying bronchial artery, which can be clipped for hemostasis. Compression for hemostasis is usually effective for bleeding at the vascular stump. Otherwise, additional use of hemostatic materials, re-staple or a suture may be necessary. (IV) Bleeding from the lung parenchyma: coagulation hemostasis is the first choice. For wounds with visible air leakage or an insufficient hemostatic effect of coagulation, suturing may be necessary. (V) Bleeding during lymph node dissection: non-grasping en-bloc lymph node dissection is recommended for the nourishing vessels of the lymph node are addressed first with this technique. If bleeding occurs at the site of lymph node dissection, energy devices can be used for hemostasis, sometimes in combination with hemostatic materials. (VI) Bleeding from chest wall incisions: the chest wall incision(s) should always be made along the upper edge of the rib(s), with good hemostasis layer by layer. Recheck the incision for hemostasis before closing the chest is recommended. (VII) Internal chest wall bleeding: it can usually be managed with electrocoagulation. For diffuse capillary bleeding with the undefined bleeding site, compression of the wound with gauze may be helpful.

Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal Conbercept, Ranibizumab, and Triamcinolone on 23-Gauge Vitrectomy for Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Introduction To compare the effect and safety of intravitreal conbercept (IVC), intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR), or intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection on 23-gauge (23-G) pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods Fifty patients (60 eyes) of varying degrees of PDR were randomly grouped into 3 groups (1 : 1 : 1) (n = 20 in each group). The 23-G PPV was performed with intravitreal conbercept or ranibizumab injection 3–7 days before surgery or intravitreal TA injection during surgery. The experiment was randomized controlled, with a noninferiority limit of five letters. Main outcome measures included BCVA, operation time, incidence of iatrogenic retinal breaks, endodiathermy rate, and silicone oil tamponade. Results At 6 months after surgery, there were no significant differences of BCVA improvements, operation time, incidence of iatrogenic retinal breaks, endodiathermy rate, silicone oil tamponade, vitreous clear-up time, and the incidence of intraoperative bleeding between the IVC and IVR groups (all P values ≥ 0.05), but they were significantly different from the IVTA group (all P values < 0.05). IOP increases did not show significant differences between the IVC and IVR groups, but both were significantly different with the IVTA group. More patients had higher postoperative IOP in the IVTA group. Conclusions The intravitreal injection of conbercept, ranibizumab, or TA for PDR had a significant different effect on outcomes of 23-G PPV surgery. Conbercept and ranibizumab can reduce difficulty of the operation, improve the success rate of PPV surgery, and decrease the incidence of postoperative complications.

Observational study on preservation of the superior rectal artery in sigmoid resection for diverticular disease

AimRecent investigations have shown improved patient reported outcome after preservation of the inferior mesenteric artery in sigmoid resection for diverticular disease. We report on our experience with preservation of the superior rectal artery (SRA). MethodsThis is an observational single center study in a high-volume, level II inner city hospital from 2006 to 2008. Inclusion criteria were all patients with diverticular disease. Exclusion criteria were stoma formation, cancer, and iatrogenic perforation. Patients were investigated in group A with preservation of the SRA, and group B ligation of the SRA. Outcomes assessed, included incidence of anastomotic breakdown, intraoperative complications, hospital stay, and risk factors. ResultsThe patient population included 259 patients, 46 patients were excluded, leaving 100 patients in group A and 113 patients in group B. Patients in both groups were comparable regarding age, gender, co-morbidities and stage of disease. Anastomotic breakdown occurred in one patient in group A and in eight patients in group B (p = 0.038). Incidence of intraoperative bleeding, wound dehiscence, and length of stay was increased in group B (p < 0.03; p < 0.04; p = 0.05). Obesity was an independent risk factor for anastomotic dehiscence in group B (p < 0.04). ConclusionOur data comprise the largest patient population reported so far on vascular preservation in surgery for diverticular disease. The results of this study support the establishment of evidence based recommendations on the level of dissection in diverticular disease. Specifically obese patients are at risk of anastomotic breakdown with ligation of the SRA.

Vascular anatomy of the right colon and vascular complications during laparoscopic surgery

To analyze the vascular anatomy and complications of the right colon under laparoscope. Videotapes of 55 laparoscopic extended right hemicolectomy with D3 lymphadenectomy were reviewed and the anatomic relationship and bleeding vessels were determined. The superior mesenteric vein, superior mesenteric artery, ileocolic artery, and middle colic artery were present in all the patients. The right colic artery was present in 45.5%(25/55) of the patients. The incidence of the gastrocolic venous trunk was 74.5%. The overall incidence of intraoperative bleeding was 43.6%. Vessels in the pre-pancreatic region including the right gastroepiploic artery, the gastrocolic venous trunk, and its tributaries had a higher risk of bleeding than the middle colic vein and artery (16.4% vs. 14.5%). Intraoperative bleeding significantly prolonged the overall operative time and lymphadenectomy time. The vascular anatomy of the right colon is intricate and variable and laparoscopic extended right hemicolectomy with D3 lymphadenectomy is associated with a high risk of hemorrhage. Understanding the vessels anatomic relationship of the right colon is valuable to decrease vascular complication.

Preincisional peritonsillar vs. intravenous lornoxicam for posttonsillectomy analgesia: A clinical and platelet aggregometry comparative study

BackgroundLornoxicam is a fairly new short-half oxicam with an improved tolerability profile. Our objective was to investigate the safety and efficacy of intravenous and peritonsillar infiltration of 8 mg lornoxicam on pain relief in children undergoing tonsillectomy.MethodsIn a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 60 children were randomized into three groups; intravenous group (n = 20), received lornoxicam 8 mg iv., infiltration group (n = 20) received lornoxicam 8 mg peritonsillar infiltration, and placebo controls (n = 20). The verbal rating pain scale, time to first postoperative analgesic request, total analgesic consumption during 1st 24 h postoperative, platelet aggregometry before, 15 min, 2 and 24 h after study drug administration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative bleeding, and adverse effects were evaluated.ResultsThe time to first postoperative analgesic request was significantly prolonged in intravenous (318.75 ± 67.37 min) and infiltration (214.50 ± 43.06 min) groups compared with placebo group (66.75 ± 26.95 min). A significantly lower mean postoperative VRS scores and significantly reduced 1st day postoperative diclofenac consumption were recorded in iv. group (44.73 ± 9.31 mg), compared with infiltration (69.80 ± 38.71 mg) and placebo (87.8 ± 24.40 mg) groups. An increased intraoperative blood volume losses and intraoperative bleeding complains were observed in infiltration group (34.25 ± 11.93 ml), rather than in iv. (28.85 ± 10.01 ml) and placebo (24.75 ± 8.70 ml) groups. The (%) of platelet aggregation with ADP, collagen, and arachidonic acid was significantly reduced 15 min and 2 h after study drug administration with highest decreases in iv. group compared with infiltration and placebo groups. No patients reported postoperative bleeding or GIT adverse effects in the study.ConclusionIntraoperative preincisional intravenous lornoxicam enhanced postoperative analgesia after tonsillectomy in children. In comparison, the analgesic efficacy of locally applied lornoxicam was inferior to intravenous administration and was associated with increased incidence of intraoperative bleeding.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes of vitrectomy with or without intravitreal bevacizumab pretreatment for severe diabetic retinopathy

AimsTo examine possible benefits of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) pretreatment in vitrectomy for severe diabetic retinopathy.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration methodology to identify randomised controlled trials...

Advantage of endoscopic submucosal dissection compared with EMR for early gastric cancer

In EMR of early gastric cancer (EGC), en bloc resection reduces the risk of residual cancer. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) now allows en bloc resection of large EGCs. To retrospectively determine whether ESD is more advantageous than EMR for EGCs. EMR (825 lesions, 711 patients) or ESD (195 lesions, 185 patients) was performed. The en bloc resection rate, histologically complete resection rate, operation time, complications, and local recurrence rate were studied in relation to ulceration. Hiroshima University Hospital. Subjects comprised 896 patients in whom 1020 EGCs were resected endoscopically from 1990 to 2004. In cases without ulceration, en bloc and histologically complete resection rates were significantly higher with ESD than with EMR, regardless of tumor size. The frequency of ulceration did not differ significantly between groups. Average operation time was significantly longer for ESD than for EMR, regardless of tumor size. Also, regardless of ulceration, the incidence of intraoperative bleeding was significantly higher with ESD (22.6%) than with EMR (7.6%). Delayed bleeding did not differ. In cases with ulceration, the incidence of perforation was significantly higher with ESD (53.8%) than with EMR (2.9%). Local recurrences were treated by incomplete EMR (en bloc, 2.9%; piecemeal, 4.4%). No patient experienced recurrence after ESD. ESD increased en bloc and histologically complete resection rates and may reduce the local recurrence rate. Increased operation time and complication risks with ESD in comparison with EMR remain problematic. Special measures are necessary for ESD of ulcerated lesions to reduce the rates of perforation and incomplete resection.

Effect of aspirin intake on bleeding during cataract surgery

Purpose: To study the association between chronic intake of aspirin and intraoperative bleeding during cataract surgery and the effect of discontinuing the medication before surgery.Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Hospital, Sapir Medical Center, KfarSaba, Israel.Methods: Sixty-one patients having cataract surgery and receiving aspirin to prevent thromboembolic events were divided into 3 groups: Group A, continuation of the medication; Group B, cessation of aspirin intake for 2 to 5 days before surgery; Group C, cessation of medication for 7 to 10 days before surgery. Blood tests of coagulation parameters, a detailed questionnaire, and 1 day and 1 week follow-up were evaluated.Results: There were no significant differences in blood tests and the amount and incidence of intraoperative bleeding among the 3 groups. Diathermy was used somewhat more in Group A; however, there was no difficulty stopping the bleeding in any case and discontinuation of the medication had no effect on the intraoperative course or postoperative outcome.Conclusions: Aspirin intake was not associated with significant intraoperative bleeding; thus, discontinuation of aspirin is usually not indicated. Clear corneal phacoemulsification is advantageous in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy.

A prospective randomized trial of low molecular weight heparin-DHE and conventional heparin-DHE (with acenocoumarol) in patients undergoing gynaecological surgery

The antithromboembolic efficacy of once a day low molecular weight heparin in fixed combination with dihydroergotamine (LMWH-DHE) was compared with conventional heparin-DHE in combination with Acenocoumarol (heparin-DHE/A) in 191 patients undergoing gynaecological surgery. LMWH-DHE proved equally effective in preventing thromboembolic complications, with a similar incidence of postoperative bleeding and side effects. Deep vein thrombosis occurred once in each group and one non-fatal pulmonary embolism occurred in the LMWH-DHE group. The main advantage of LMWH-DHE was significantly better patient acceptance of the single daily subcutaneous injection as compared with the two injections of conventional heparin-DHE (P = 0.02). On the other hand, LMWH-DHE was associated with significantly increased incidence of intraoperative bleeding (P less than 0.02). The bleeding did not, however, cause any clinical problems. Discontinuation of therapy due to bleeding or pain at the site of injection occurred three times in each group. We consider the use of LMWH-DHE to be an attractive, economic and safe method of thromboembolic prophylaxis.