Incidence Of Cervical Ribs Research Articles

Incidence and Clinical Implications of Cervical Rib: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: Cervical ribs are an additional rib, which arise from the costal element of the seventh cervical vertebra. Incidence varies from 0.58-6.2%, incidentally detected on radiographs, but when enlarged can lead to various vascular and neurological symptoms. When it is of sufficient length it can compress the neurovascular bundle leading to Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) causing vascular and neurological symptoms. Aim: To determine the incidence and morphology of cervical rib in a convenient sample. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was done in 650 radiographs (356 males and 294 females) from January 2016 to January 2019 and the study was conducted at ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, and the data was analysed for the incidence and morphology of cervical ribs. Results: Incidence of cervical ribs in females (1.7%) was higher than males (1.12%). In the present study, incidence of cervical ribs was 1.38%, we observed there were seven cases of bilateral cervical ribs and two cases of unilateral cervical rib. Morphologically, cervical ribs had head, neck and tubercle and articulated posteriorly with transverse process and no other significant morphological variations were seen. Conclusion: Knowledge regarding incidence of cervical ribs and other rib anamolies assists the radiologist and surgeons in early diagnosis and management of symptomatic patients in order to avoid neurovascular complications.

Incidence of cervical ribs and its association with other bony abnormalities in population of Al-Muthanna, Iraq

Incidence of cervical ribs and its association with other bony abnormalities in population of Al-Muthanna, Iraq

Intrauterine growth restriction and impaired skeletal growth in mouse fetuses following maternal exposure to aflatoxin B1 during early and late organogenesis

There is a paucity of information on the toxic effects of aflatoxins on reproduction, and any data that are available in the literature are largely from experiments with poorly described methodology, possibly making them unreliable. Consequently, the aim of this study was to evaluate the consequences of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) administered during the early and late stages of organogenesis on fetal growth and development in the mouse. Groups of mice were administered a single dose of 20mg/kg AFB1 dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) either intraperitoneally or orally on gestation day (GD) 7 or 13. The control animals received a similar volume of DMSO. Fetuses were collected on GD 18. This treatment was found to be maternally non-toxic; however, AFB1 treatment resulted in a significantly increased incidence of fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction, characterized by a body weight of ≥ 2 standard deviations below the mean of the control animals. A significant number of fetuses of AFB1-treated mice were also found to have developed smaller kidneys. In addition, the AFB1 group fetuses exhibited delayed ossification of the supraoccipital bone, cervical and coccygeal vertebral bodies, and the bones of the forepaws and hindpaws. Another major finding was a significantly increased incidence of cervical ribs and sternal anomalies. Interestingly, the effects of AFB1 were found to be more severely pronounced in the GD-13 treatment group than in the GD-7 treatment group. These results show that the later organogenesis stage of development (GD 13) is more susceptible to the deleterious effects of AFB1 in mouse fetuses.

The Epidemiological, Morphological, and Clinical Aspects of the Cervical Ribs in Humans.

A familiarity with the anatomy of some types of bone anomalies is necessary for clinicians involved in many medical areas. The aim of this paper is to review the newest literature concerning the morphology, embryology, clinical image, and therapeutic methods of the cervical ribs in the humans. The incidence of cervical ribs has been found to vary from 0.58% in Malaysian population to 6.2% in Turkish population. Cervical ribs have clinical implications that are generally divided into neurological or vascular. This study is of particular importance for clinicians, as early identification of cervical ribs may prevent life-threatening complications.

Vertebral malformation in the mouse foetus caused by X-radiation of the mother during pregnancy

ABSTRACT Mice of the ddN and CF1 strains were exposed to a single dose of 200 r. X-radiation between the 8th and 13th day of pregnancy, and the foetal skeletons were examined on the 19th day of pregnancy. The phenomenon of a head-to-tail gradient shift in vertebral malformations as the stage of pregnancy at radiation advanced was less marked in the result in the ddN strain, but in the CF1 strain it was of similar proportions to that obtained by hypoxia. However, after X-radiation, malformations in the cervical and thoracic vertebrae presented two peaks of susceptibility. The first peak in malformation frequency may result from an effect of X-radiation upon the early somite stage or it may be an indirect effect. The second peak may originate from a direct effect upon the primordium, i.e. upon the sclerotome itself. The incidence of cervical malformations was higher in the group treated on the 8th or 9th day, and in the group treated on the 11th day of pregnancy. The malformations presented such characteristics as enlarged rami of the posterior arch of the 1st cervical vertebra or, in the latter group, fusion of the cervical vertebrae. There were also differences in the frequency of involvement of the vertebrae in these two strains which may be due to differences in the rate of differentiation of the vertebral primordium. Other differences were seen in the incidence of cervical ribs, of absence of the 13th rib, and of lumbar ribs. Such regional differentiation seems to be influenced by the genetic constitution.

FAMILIAL INCIDENCE OF CERVICAL RIBS

FAMILIAL INCIDENCE OF CERVICAL RIBS

SEVENTEENTH REPORT OF PROGRESS IN ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY

CONGENITAL CONDITIONS Congenital Torticollis.—Feil1calls attention to the occasional fusion of the atlas with the occiput as both a primary cause of, and a contributing factor in, cases of congenital torticollis. In certain of his cases this fusion was present from birth, and in others it did not become apparent until about the age of 20. In two of his cases it was associated with the ordinary shortened sternomastoid and accounted for the slight deviation of the head which persisted after full operative correction of the muscular contraction had been accomplished. Feil,2also, in another article, discusses the anatomy and clinical picture of six different types of malformation of the cervical vertebrae, which he illustrates by concrete examples. Cervical Ribs.—A. S. Taylor3believes that the incidence of cervical ribs is about one in 300 persons and that the condition is usually bilateral. They vary in