Inappropriate Release Research Articles

Elucidating hematological profile and electrolyte balance in oral cancer patients.

Oral cancer is a serious health issue in both the developing and developed worlds, and it is one of the most common forms of cancer of the head and neck. In accordance with the 2017 World Health Organization classification, oral cancer can affect any part of the mouth, including the buccal mucosa, the front two-thirds of the tongue, the lip, the palate, the vestibule, the alveolus, the floor of the mouth, and the gingivae. Hematology and electrolyte balance have been proposed as tumor indicators and paths into cancer's genesis. Examining the patient's blood count and electrolyte levels in order to better understand their oral cancer. Electrolyte abnormalities are common in cancer patients and may be caused by the disease itself or by treatment. Hyponatremia is the most frequent electrolyte problem in cancer patients, and it is typically caused by the syndrome of improper ADH secretion. Although electrolyte problems are associated with a worse prognosis for cancer patients, timely and effective therapy has the potential to enhance both short- and long-term results and quality of life. Hematological tests on patients with oral cancer, including differential cell count, white blood cell count, and hemoglobin level. Compared to healthy controls, oral cancer patients show statistically significant differences in a number of biochemical parameters, including electrolytes (sodium, P<0.05; potassium, P=0.89; chloride, P<0.05); differential count (neutrophils, P<0.05; basophils, P<0.05). A significant risk factor for cancer patients is an electrolyte imbalance, which has been linked to inappropriate anti-diabetic hormone release. Clinicians will find these shifts in electrolytic level helpful in diagnosing and tracking oral cancer. Potentially malignant oral disorders and Oral squamous cell carcinoma may be better predicted using a combination of TLC, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts, as shown in this study.

CURRENT STATUS OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN THE PLANT PROTECTION AND ECOLOGY AND HYGIENE MONITORING DOMAIN IN UKRAINE

Presently chemical plant protection products are an inseparable part of agriculture. They have not only their main purpose of plant assistance, but they also have the potential risk of negative impact on biocenosis species (birds, bees, soil microflora, algae, etc.) and the human body and its health respectively. The purpose of our study was to aggregate data on the existing legal framework of plant protection products in Ukraine and assess their ecology and hygiene monitoring. For analysis of the plant chemical protection, we used as the basic documents the regulatory framework of domestic legislation in toxicological and hygiene, ecology assessment, and ecology and hygiene monitoring domains. Currently, many laws and legal acts regulate the use of pesticides by state and private agricultural farms in Ukraine. This number of documents covers not only pre-registration studies of pesticides but also their post-registration monitoring in the environment. The key entities that control potential negative risks of these products through the regulations are the State Emergency Service, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Housing and Communal Services, Ministry of Agriculture Policy, State Agency of Water Resources, State Committee of Land Resources, State Agency of the Forest Resources. However, the impact of xenobiotics on non-target species of the ecosystem is currently quite underestimated. The decline in biodiversity directly depends on the condition of the environment and the negative impact on it. Instances of acute oral, inhalation, or dermal poisoning of birds, bees, and aquatic invertebrates with pesticides are quite common and among the factors that affect public health. That is why ecology and hygiene monitoring is essential in line with the assessment of the risks of the inappropriate release of pesticides. These should be treated as a critical component of managing environmental sustainability and safety for public health. The implementation of global approaches to monitoring and controlling the post- registration impact of pesticides on the ecology and hygiene in Ukraine can also take into account the far-reaching consequences of their negative impact, accumulation, and environmental pollution. As a result, this will help to avoid adverse impacts on animal, insect, and bird populations, as well as human health.

A case of hyponatraemia cured by delivery

Hyponatraemia is the most common electrolyte abnormality in pregnancy. In severe cases, it can result in significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of hyponatraemia in pregnancy has been estimated to be 0.27%, with the major causes being hyperemesis gravidarum in the first half and preeclampsia in the latter half of pregnancy. Pregnancy-specific causes of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release include preeclampsia, prolonged labour, caesarean section, postpartum haemorrhage, cortisol deficiency and oxytocin. Excess water intake can also lead to hyponatraemia during labour, a period of excess antidiuretic hormone secretion. A case of idiopathic severe hyponatraemia with biochemistry consistent with inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion progressing during the third trimester with rapid spontaneous resolution post-partum is presented.

Hierarchical antibiotic delivery system based on calcium phosphate cement/montmorillonite-gentamicin sulfate with drug release pathways

Antibiotic-loaded calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has emerged as a promising biomaterial for drug delivery in orthopedics. However, there are problems such as the burst release of antibiotics, low cumulative release ratio, inappropriate release cycle, inferior mechanical strength, and poor anti-collapse properties. In this research, montmorillonite-gentamicin (MMT-GS) was fabricated by solution intercalation method and served as the drug release pathways in CPC to avoid burst release of GS, achieving promoted cumulative release ratios and a release cycle matched the time of inflammatory response. The results indicated that the highest cumulative release ratio and release concentration of GS in CPC/MMT-GS was 94.1 ± 2.8 % and 1183.05 μg/mL, and the release cycle was up to 504 h. In addition, the hierarchical GS delivery system was divided into three stages, and the kinetics followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, the zero-order model, and the diffusion-dissolution model, respectively. Meanwhile, the compressive strength of CPC/MMT-GS was up to 51.33 ± 3.62 MPa. Antibacterial results demonstrated that CPC/MMT-GS exhibited excellent in vitro long-lasting antibacterial properties to E. coli and S. aureus. Furthermore, CPC/MMT-GS promoted osteoblast proliferation and exhibited excellent in vivo histocompatibility. Therefore, CPC/MMT-GS has favorable application prospects in the treatment of bone defects with bacterial infections and inflammatory reactions.

Diesel−biodegradation and biosurfactant−production by Janthinobacterium lividum AQ5-29 and Pseudomonas fildesensis AQ5-41 isolated from Antarctic soil

Given the substantial diesel demand in Antarctic operations, the means of addressing ecological restoration following its inappropriate release are attracting attention from researchers. The Madrid Protocol mandates the use of indigenous microbes in bioremediation. Recent studies have proposed many native isolates with biodegradation temperatures exceeding 20 °C, which are impractical for Antarctic contexts. Therefore, harnessing psychrophilic, native degraders with biosurfactant−producing traits presents an advantage for implementation in the harsh Antarctic environment. In this study, effective consortia/isolates demonstrated robust growth and biodegradation rates at 10 °C with diesel as the sole carbon source. Two primary bacterial members, Janthinobacterium lividum and Pseudomonas fildesensis, were identified from the most effective consortium SI 20 using 16S rRNA and multilocus−sequence−analysis (MLSA) clustering. The degraders were characterised as being psychrophilic, Gram-negative, rod−shaped, and catalase− and oxidase−positive. Despite the observed antagonistic effects during co-cultivation, strains J. lividum AQ5-29 and P. fildesensis AQ5-41 demonstrated effective diesel removal (2.91 & 4.20 mg mL−1) with biodegradation of C10 to C30 hydrocarbons (40−100%) at 10 °C in less than 8 days. Both strains also were identified as biosurfactant producers with varying emulsification activities (32−92%) and cell surface hydrophobicity (52−58%). These findings highlight the potential of both strains for restoring diesel-related substrates, particularly in Antarctica.

Stress, Dopamine and the Development of Schizophrenia

Dopaminergic dysregulation and dysfunction have long been seen as the key factors of the onset of psychosis. The dopamine hypothesis postulates hyperactivity of subcortical dopamine release and hypoactivity of cortical dopamine transmission in schizophrenia, indicating the relationship between irregular dopamine activity and the development of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Meanwhile, psychological stressors affect the brain in multiple ways, including changing the structure of neurons and causing malfunction of the dopamine system. These changes are also critical in causing psychotic experiences. Despite there are abundant studies and findings investigating either the relationship between dopamine and schizophrenia, or the relationship between schizophrenia and stress, few of them have put these three concepts together in discussion. This paper aims at investigating how abnormal dopamine functions, stress and schizophrenia are related to each other, which helps generate a deeper and clearer understanding of the disease from a broader view. The relationship between inappropriate dopamine release and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is discussed, particularly talks about the dopamine transmission in striatal and cortical regions of the brain, it proceeds into an investigation of the association between stress and schizophrenia from both physiological and sociological scopes, and then summarizes the current ways of treating schizophrenia provided along with the future prospect in developing treatments for this disorder.

Chemical meningitis and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release (SIADH): a rare presentation of pituitary adenoma apoplexy

Pituitary apoplexy is an uncommon condition typically resulting from a sudden haemorrhage within a pituitary adenoma. This bleed can present clinically with a wide array of signs and symptoms. This report documents the case of a 62-year-old male who presented to the Lebanese Hospital Geitaoui University Medical Center with signs and symptoms of meningeal irritation. He was initially thought to have meningitis, and was started on antibiotics; he was then found to have pituitary adenoma apoplexy that was complicated by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release (SIADH). The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics, and fluid restriction and hypertonic saline after ruling out other more common causes for his hyponatraemia, before undergoing a transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary adenoma. A three-month follow-up evaluation of the patient demonstrated the absence of hormonal imbalances and the absence of residual tumours on imaging.

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Release Secondary to Ectopic Olfactory Neuroblastoma: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Ectopic olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare neuroendocrine sinonasal malignancy which arises from sinonasal regions where olfactory neuroepithelium does not exist. Presentation of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release (SIADH) in patients with ectopic ONB is extremely rare. We report a case of a 22-year-old patient with ectopic ONB and paraneoplastic SIADH that was managed at our center. The ONB was arising from the left lamina papyracea and extending into the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses and filling the nasal cavity. Correction of sodium levels occurred within 24 hours of endoscopic resection via a combined trans-nasal transorbital approach. To avoid negative sequela secondary to rapid sodium correction, the patient was managed by desmopressin to obtain gradual sodium correction, which was achieved on the fourth postoperative day. Ectopic presentation of ONB with paraneoplastic SIADH is extremely rare with only 7 cases reported in the literature to date. Management via surgical resection and/or radiotherapy for these patients requires the managing clinician to be vigilant of serum sodium levels. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimal outcomes.

Hyponatremia : Etiology, diagnosis and acute therapy

Hyponatremia is one of the most common electrolyte disorders in emergency departments and hospitalized patients. Serum sodium concentration is controlled by osmoregulation and volume regulation. Both pathways are regulated via the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Syndrome of inappropriate release of ADH (SIADH) may be caused by neoplasms or pneumonia but may also be triggered by drug use or drug abuse. Excessive fluid intake may also result in adecrease in serum sodium concentration. Rapid alteration in serum sodium concentration leads to cell swelling or cell shrinkage, which primarily causes neurological symptoms. The dynamics of development of hyponatremia and its duration are crucial. In addition to blood testing, aclinical examination and urine analysis are essential in the differential diagnosis of hyponatremia.

Severe Hyponatremia During First Cycle of Cyclophosphamide/Doxorubicin Chemotherapy.

Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone release (SIDAH) is a condition characterized by an unregulated release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) resulting in increased water retention and decreased plasma osmolarity. Without regulation, ADH release will cause a significant decrease in plasma sodium concentration and can present with cramping, nausea, vomiting, and in severe cases, seizures, and potentially falling into a comatose state. The causes of SIADH are variable and range from infections, some malignancies to some medications. We report a rare case of SIADH resulting from a single cycle of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in a 66-year-old female with left and right, estrogen receptor positive breast cancer who experienced seizures resulting from a dramatic drop in sodium levels.

An Insight on Novel Approaches & Perspectives for Gastro-Retentive Drug Delivery Systems.

The conventional oral drug delivery systems face a lot of difficulties in the gastrointestinal tract, such as inappropriate drug release and reduction in the efficacy of the doses, which makes this system less susceptible to the delivery of drug formulation. For the enhancement of therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability of the drug, many efforts have been made. The drug candidates which are not stable at alkaline pH and soluble in acidic medium were selected to increase their therapeutic effectiveness through gastro retentive drug delivery systems (GRDDS). This article discusses various factors which alter the gastro retention time (GRT) of the gastro retentive drug delivery system in the stomach and intestine (duodenum). It emphasizes on the novel approaches made for the delivery and release of drugs with the use of magnetic systems, floating (low-density) systems, super porous hydrogels, raft systems, mucoadhesive systems, high-density systems and expandable systems. Along with the applications, the key aspects of in vivo, in vitro & clinical studies in different approaches to GRDDS have been addressed. In addition, future perspectives have been summarized to reduce gastric transit time in fasting and fed conditions.

Standardized Oral Urea for the Treatment of Hyponatraemic Conditions: Pharmacological and Pharmacoeconomic Consideration

Standardized Oral Urea for the Treatment of Hyponatraemic Conditions: Pharmacological and Pharmacoeconomic Consideration

#1315712: A Case of Post Bariatric Surgery Hypoglycemia Requiring Percutaneous Gastrostomy (PEG) Tube Placement in the Remnant Stomach

As the prevalence of bariatric procedures increases, an important phenomenon to consider is post-gastric bypass hypoglycemia (PBH). PBH is defined as a post-prandial plasma glucose < 55 mg/dL accompanied by adrenergic and/or neuroglycopenic symptoms that are resolved by carbohydrate intake. PBH is explained by multiple mechanisms: increased GLP-1 secretion, inappropriate insulin release, reduced insulin clearance, and impaired glucagon counter-regulation. Although rare, PBH can be very serious and distressing to patients due to the symptom burden and difficulty to manage.

RF05 | PSUN365 Insulinoma: A Case Report of a Rare Functioning Neuroendocrine Tumor

Abstract Insulinoma is a rare functional neuroendocrine tumor that causes inappropriate release of insulin, resulting in symptoms of hypoglycemia which would resolve promptly following glucose administraton. Its incidence is 1 to 3 per 1,000,000 population per year. Case presentation This study reports on a 64 year old female with no known co-morbidities who was seen in the endocrinology clinic due to episodes of blurring of vision, lightheadedness and shakiness. Glucose levels as low as 40mg/dL were detected with glucometer during these episodes. Symptom would improve after eating carbohydrate rich food. Symptom onset was 4 years prior to consult. Patient also reported weight gain as she would over-eat to treat her symptoms. The patient came in for evaluation and management of Hypoglycemia. Blood tests revealed high insulin (146.60 uU/mL; reference range: 5.00–10.00 uU/mL) and C-peptide level (7.45 ng/mL; reference range: 0.78–5.19 ng/mL) despite low plasma glucose level (36 mg/dL). Dynamic CT scan of the pancreas revealed an arterially enhancing nodule with intralesional calcification in the distal pancreatic body for which an insulinoma is considered. She underwent distal pancreatectomy and her symptoms showed complete resolution. Surgical pathology was consistent with well differentiated Neuroendocrine tumor. Conclusion Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for Insulinoma in patients with history of recurrent episodes of blurring of vision, lightheadedness and shakiness, particularly if these symptoms would resolve after food intake. Such condition entails proper and timely diagnosis, localization of the tumor and treatment and involves several specialties. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:36 p.m. - 1:41 p.m., Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.

Factors predicting poor outcomes of patients treated with tocilizumab for COVID‑19‑associated pneumonia: A retrospective study.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is a significant global issue that has major implications for the healthcare system. The mortality rates associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection vary according to the geographical region and are associated with age, comorbidities and vaccination status. Organ damage is caused by the cytokine release syndrome, which plays a crucial role in the course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Innate and adaptive immune system stimulation in patients with COVID-19 results in inappropriate cytokine release. The anti-IL-6 receptor antagonist, tocilizumab, is used in the treatment of connective tissue diseases. The present single-center retrospective study on patients with COVID-19 admitted to hospital between September, 2020 and April, 2022 aimed to identify predictors of mortality and other unfavorable outcomes in patients treated with tocilizumab for COVID-19-associated pneumonia. Demographics, vaccination status against SARS-CoV-2, the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), laboratory data and chest X-ray scores were recorded upon admission. In total, 174 subjects (121 males; mean age, 62.43±13.47 years) fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included. Among the 174 participants, 58 (33.3%) were intubated. The mortality rate was 35.1%. The non-survivors were older, mostly females, and had a higher CCI score. At the evaluation upon admission, the survivors presented with higher levels of alanine transferase and gamma glutamyl-transferase and with a greater number of platelets (PLTs), while patients that were intubated were also older, mostly females, and had a higher CCI score (P<0.05). Age was identified as the only independent factor predicting mortality in the Cox proportional hazards multivariate regression analysis. By performing a sub-analysis regarding sex, it was revealed that the value of PLTs was an independent factor predicting intubation and 90-day mortality in male patients, and the lymphocyte count was the only factor associated with intubation in female patients. On the whole, the data of the present study may be used to identify patient subpopulations responding to treatment with tocilizumab in prospective clinical trials.

NLRP3 inflammasome and NLRP3-related autoinflammatory diseases: From cryopyrin function to targeted therapies.

The NLRP3 inflammasome is one of the NOD-like receptor family members with the most functional characterization and acts as a key player in innate immune system, participating in several physiological processes including, among others, the modulation of the immune system response and the coordination of host defences. Activation of the inflammasome is a crucial signaling mechanism that promotes both an acute and a chronic inflammatory response, which can accelerate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, mainly Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, leading to an exacerbated inflammatory network. Cryopyrin associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) is a rare inherited autoinflammatory disorder, clinically characterized by cutaneous and systemic, musculoskeletal, and central nervous system inflammation. Gain-of-function mutations in NLRP3 gene are causative of signs and inflammatory symptoms in CAPS patients, in which an abnormal activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, resulting in an inappropriate release of IL-1β and gasdermin-D-dependent pyroptosis, has been demonstrated both in in vitro and in ex vivo studies. During recent years, two new hereditary NLRP3-related disorders have been described, deafness autosomal dominant 34 (DFN34) and keratitis fugax hereditaria (KFH), with an exclusive cochlear- and anterior eye- restricted autoinflammation, respectively, and caused by mutations in NLRP3 gene, thus expanding the clinical and genetic spectrum of NLRP3-associated autoinflammatory diseases. Several crucial mechanisms involved in the control of activation and regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome have been identified and researchers took advantage of this to develop novel target therapies with a significant improvement of clinical signs and symptoms of NLRP3-associated diseases. This review provides a broad overview of NLRP3 inflammasome biology with particular emphasis on CAPS, whose clinical, genetic, and therapeutic aspects will be explored in depth. The latest evidence on two “new” diseases, DFN34 and KFH, caused by mutations in NLRP3 is also described.

Norepinephrine innervation of the supraoptic nucleus contributes to increased copeptin and dilutional hyponatremia in male rats.

Dilutional hyponatremia associated with liver cirrhosis is due to inappropriate release of arginine vasopressin (AVP). Elevated plasma AVP causes water retention resulting in a decrease in plasma osmolality. Cirrhosis, in this study caused by ligation of the common bile duct (BDL), leads to a decrease in central vascular blood volume and hypotension, stimuli for nonosmotic AVP release. The A1/A2 neurons stimulate the release of AVP from the supraoptic nucleus (SON) in response to nonosmotic stimuli. We hypothesize that the A1/A2 noradrenergic neurons support chronic release of AVP in cirrhosis leading to dilutional hyponatremia. Adult, male rats were anesthetized with 2-3% isoflurane (mixed with 95% O2/5% CO2) and injected in the SON with anti-dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) saporin (DSAP) or vehicle followed by either BDL or sham surgery. Plasma copeptin, osmolality, and hematocrit were measured. Brains were processed for ΔFosB, dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH), and AVP immunohistochemistry. DSAP injection: 1) significantly reduced the number of DBH immunoreactive A1/A2 neurons (A1, P < 0.0001; A2, P = 0.0014), 2) significantly reduced the number of A1/A2 neurons immunoreactive to both DBH and ΔFosB positive neurons (A1, P = 0.0015; A2, P < 0.0001), 3) reduced the number of SON neurons immunoreactive to both AVP and ΔFosB (P < 0.0001), 4) prevented the increase in plasma copeptin observed in vehicle-injected BDL rats (P = 0.0011), and 5) normalized plasma osmolality and hematocrit (plasma osmolality, P = 0.0475; hematocrit, P = 0.0051) as compared with vehicle injection. Our data suggest that A1/A2 neurons contribute to increased plasma copeptin and hypoosmolality in male BDL rats.

Congenital Hyperinsulinism: Current Laboratory-Based Approaches to the Genetic Diagnosis of a Heterogeneous Disease.

Congenital hyperinsulinism is characterised by the inappropriate release of insulin during hypoglycaemia. This potentially life-threatening disorder can occur in isolation, or present as a feature of syndromic disease. Establishing the underlying aetiology of the hyperinsulinism is critical for guiding medical management of this condition especially in children with diazoxide-unresponsive hyperinsulinism where the underlying genetics determines whether focal or diffuse pancreatic disease is present. Disease-causing single nucleotide variants affecting over 30 genes are known to cause persistent hyperinsulinism with mutations in the KATP channel genes (ABCC8 and KCNJ11) most commonly identified in children with severe persistent disease. Defects in methylation, changes in chromosome number, and large deletions and duplications disrupting multiple genes are also well described in congenital hyperinsulinism, further highlighting the genetic heterogeneity of this condition. Next-generation sequencing has revolutionised the approach to genetic testing for congenital hyperinsulinism with targeted gene panels, exome, and genome sequencing being highly sensitive methods for the analysis of multiple disease genes in a single reaction. It should though be recognised that limitations remain with next-generation sequencing with no single application able to detect all reported forms of genetic variation. This is an important consideration for hyperinsulinism genetic testing as comprehensive screening may require multiple investigations.

Bile Duct Ligation Differently Effects Plasma Osmolality but not Blood Pressure in Male vs Female Rats

Dilutional hyponatremia is known to increase morbidity in patients with advanced liver disease due to the inappropriate release of arginine vasopressin (AVP). Our previous studies show that bile duct ligation (BDL), an animal model of liver disease, increase circulating copeptin in male rats but a decrease in osmolality as compared to the shams. Female BDL rats did not demonstrate the same increase in circulating copeptin or decrease in plasma osmolality as compared to sham females. In this study, we tested if male and female BDL rats showed differences in their blood pressure responses to BDL. Previous studies indicate that male BDL rats become hypotensive while females have not been tested. Adult male and female Sprague Dawley rats had either BDL or sham ligation surgery and were implanted with radio telemetry transmitters for measuring Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rates (HR). Rats were housed in a commercial metabolic cage for one week prior to euthanasian to measure water intake and urine output. No change was seen in daily water intake between the male BDL and sham groups, however the female BDL animals had a significant increase in their daily water intake (p &lt; 0.05, n =6) when compared to the shams. Despite the increase in water intake seen only in BDL females, both the male and female BDL groups saw a large increase in daily urine output (p &lt; 0.001, n = 4‐9) compared to the shams. Analysis of variance showed that there was a main effect of treatment (F(3, 20)= 6.7, P &lt; 0.05) that was due to the MAP of both male and female BDL groups being significantly lower than female shams (P &lt; 0.05). Heart rate was not different among either sexes or treatment groups. Liver weight to body weight ratio was significantly increased in both male and female BDL rats. These results show that both male and female BDL rats became hypotensive when compared to their shams, however the differences in development of hyponatremia among the male and female rats are not due to difference in blood pressure changes associated with BDL.

Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone following high dose rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer: a case report

BackgroundThe syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone is a disorder characterized by the excess release of antidiuretic hormone and can result in hyponatremia. If managed inappropriately, severe hyponatremia can cause seizures, cerebral edema, and even death. There are various known causes of this inappropriate release of antidiuretic hormone, including malignancy, CNS disorders, and disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-renal axis. However, reports of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone after brachytherapy for prostate cancer are exceedingly rare.Case presentationWe report a case of symptomatic hyponatremia secondary to the inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone after prostate high-dose rate brachytherapy under general anesthesia in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the prostate.ConclusionsIn rare instances, inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone can occur after high-dose rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer. The cause is likely multifactorial, involving pain or discomfort ensuing from the surgical procedure, the general anesthesia or intraoperative drugs administered. However, due to the potential severity of the side effects, timely diagnosis is crucial to ensure prompt, and effective management.