This study mainly concerns the controllability of semilinear noninstantaneous impulsive neutral stochastic differential equations via the Atangana-Baleanu (AB) Caputo fractional derivative (FD). The essential findings are created using methods and concepts from semigroup theory, stochastic theory, fractional calculus, K-set contraction, and measure of noncompactness. Finally, an example is provided to demonstrate the applications of the key findings.