Improvement In Thermal Performance Research Articles

Polymer-Based Electronic Packaging Molding Compounds, Specifically Thermal Performance Improvement: An Overview

Polymer-Based Electronic Packaging Molding Compounds, Specifically Thermal Performance Improvement: An Overview

Assessment of photovoltaic system in existence of nanomaterial cooling flow

In this study, a photovoltaic (PV) system was enhanced through the combination of a cooling duct utilizing a nanofluid composed of water and Al₂O₃ nanoparticles, aimed at optimizing thermal regulation and improving electrical efficiency. A novel approach was introduced by systematically examining the effects of channel cross-sectional shapes and fin arrangements on heat dissipation. Using a single-phase simulation model, the thermal performance of the nanofluid was evaluated across various nanoparticle shapes, providing new insights into the relationship between geometry and nanofluid cooling efficacy. The results demonstrated that altering the cross-sectional shape generally reduced thermal performance, but strategic fin configurations significantly enhanced heat transfer. The optimal design, featuring eight shorter fins arranged around an eight-lobed pipe, resulted in a 4.3% improvement in thermal performance. Additionally, blade-shaped nanoparticles were identified as the most effective, enhancing heat absorption by 1.15% compared to pure water. This research presents the first combination of advanced nanofluid cooling with a detailed analysis of geometric factors (cross-section and fin design) in PV systems. The findings provide practical guidelines for improving heat management in PV cells, ultimately leading to increased electrical efficiency and an extended operational lifespan. These insights hold promising implications for the design of more efficient solar energy systems and could inform future thermal management solutions in renewable energy applications.

Three-dimensional heat and moisture transfer analysis for thermal protection of firefighters’ gloves with phase change materials

Transient three-dimensional (3D) heat and moisture transfer simulations were conducted to analyze the thermal performances of the entire phase change material (PCM) integrated into firefighters’ gloves. PCM was broken down into several segments to cover the back and palm of the hand but to avoid finger joints to keep hand functions. Parametric studies were performed to explore the effects of PCM melting temperatures, PCM locations in the glove and PCM layer thicknesses on the overall thermal performance improvement of firefighters’ gloves. The study found that PCM segments could extend the time for hand skin surfaces (areas covered or not covered by PCM) to reach second-degree burn injury (60 °C) by 1.5–2 times compared to conventional firefighters’ gloves without PCM. Moreover, PCM segments could help mitigate the temperature increase on hand skin and glove surface after fire exposure.

Numerical study of shell and tube thermal energy storage system: Enhancing solidification performance with single-walled carbon nanotubes in phase change material

The coupling of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) and Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage (LHTES) is a novel strategy for efficiently using solar energy. The objective of this study is to explore the solidification performance of phase change material (PCM) with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for thermal management in solar energy system. The evolution of temperature and liquid fraction during the solidification process is investigated across four cases: Case 01 without SWCNTs, and Cases 02, 03, and 04 with 2 %, 3 %, and 4 % SWCNTs dispersion, respectively. By analyzing the temperature and liquid fraction contours over time, the impact of SWCNTs concentration on thermal performance is assessed. Case 01 has a total solidification time of 14,400 s. In comparison, Case 02 achieves solidification in 13,600 s, Case 03 in 13,040 s, and Case 04 in 12,500 s, reflecting time savings of 5.55 %, 9.44 %, and 13.2 %, respectively. Additionally, Case 04 exhibits the highest sensible heat release of 527.9 kJ and a total heat energy release of 2851.09 kJ. The dimensionless TES rate P′ for Case 04 is 1.26, indicating a 26 % improvement in thermal energy storage performance over the baseline. These findings underscore the effectiveness of SWCNTs-enhanced PCM in optimizing solar energy systems through enhanced heat transfer and accelerated solidification.

Optimization Investigation of Bionic Fin Structure by Experimental and Numerical Modelling

Drawing inspiration from the fast-swimming shark’s structure and skin, we developed the bionic shark fin, featuring two distinct types: bionic curved fins and bionic curved slotted fins. The present study assessed the impact of mainstream Reynolds number, fin curvature, and fin slot thickness on thermal fluid performance. The findings demonstrated that the curved fin structure can enhance the fluid mixing, benefiting local thermal-hydraulic performance. Simultaneously, the slotted curved fins expanded the heat transfer surface area, and the local injection in slots significantly reduced hydraulic resistance, offering a novel solution for heat sink optimization. Optimal flow and heat transfer performance for bionic curved fins were achieved with the fin thickness of 2.4 mm, while for bionic curved slotted fins, the overall optimal thermal performance was attained with a fin thickness of 2.6 mm with the slot thickness of 1 mm. Overall, the bionic fins exhibited thermal performance improvements of 8.7% and 29% over straight fins, respectively. More importantly, the heat transfer and flow friction correlations with criterion of fin parameters were developed, and the robust predictive accuracy was verified.

Variable viscosity and activation energy aspects in convection heat transfer over gravity driven solar collector plate for thermal energy storage

Variable viscosity, activation energy and microgravity effects on Darcy nanofluid for the thermal performance improvement in thermal energy storage systems through stretching flat plate solar collector is the focus of this research. Thermal energy storage (TES) can be improved though solar collectors, phase change materials and photovoltaic cells using nanofluid in the base liquid. To increase the reaction rate in nanoparticles, the activation energy and solar radiations are used for the efficiency of TES. The viscosity of nanofluid improves the heat and mass transmission. Due to solar radiations, nanofluid plays prominent role in TES applications such as heat exchangers, electronic cooling devices and solar power generation through solar plate collector. Solar energy based mathematical model is developed to execute the frequency of oscillating heat transfer in TES numerically. Primitive and Stokes coefficients are used for feasible programming. Finite difference analysis is performed to display oscillatory thermal energy using Gaussian-elimination matrix scheme. Steady velocity, surface temperature and concentrations are plotted and utilized in oscillatory formula to perform oscillatory skin friction, oscillatory heat transfer and oscillatory mass transfer along π⁄4 angle. Fluid velocity enhances but temperature and concentration variation decreases as viscosity decreases. High amplitude in velocity, temperature and concentration is sketched as activation energy and microgravity increases. Steady heat and mass transmission enhances as thermophoretic and Brownian motion enhances. Amplitude and frequency of oscillations in heat transport, skin friction and mass transport enhances as Prandtl and Schmidt component enhances. In validation of results, the 0.00064% percentage error for heat transport and 0.00102% percentage error for mass transmission are deduced.

Assessment of the hydro-thermal performance for a novel hexagonal mini-channel heat sink for cooling a cylindrical heat source

Liquid cooling using a mini-channel heat sink (MHS) has been highly efficient in cooling rectangular and cylindrical lithium batteries. This work proposed a new hexagonal MHS (HMHS) to cool a cylindrical heat source instead of the traditional cylindrical with smooth MHS (CSMHS). In addition to the smooth channels, four obstructed channels were proposed to further enhance the thermal performance of this HMHS. The obstructions used include: semicircular ribs–cavities, semicircular ribs–secondary flow, semicircular pin fins and semicircular pin fins–cavities. This study was numerically conducted using the finite volume method under water Reynolds number ranging from 100 to 800. CSMHS and HMHS with semicircular pin fins were manufactured and tested to verify the validity of the numerical results. Results showed that the HMHS exhibited superior hydro-thermal performance compared with the CSMHS. In addition, the HMHS with obstructed channels contributes to a significant improvement in thermal performance. The percentages of Nusselt number improvement with all channels were approximately: 12.3%, 60.5%, 71.5%, 104% and 112% for smooth, semicircular ribs–cavities, semicircular rib–secondary flow, semicircular pin fins and semicircular pin fins–cavities, respectively. Amongst all the channels, the channels with semicircular pin fins achieved the best performance with a hydro-thermal performance factor of 1.67.

Effect of Different Dimpled Fin Configurations and Angles on Entropy Generation, Flow Behavior, and Thermal Performance

Recent studies highlight that flow in tubes with dimpled fins provides significant thermal performance improvement. Although the variety of these fins comes to the fore today, there is no comprehensive study on which geometry provides better performance. In this study, the heat transfer, entropy generation, and performance effects of dimpled fins with 6 different geometries and 17 different configurations, machined on a smooth tube and having the same surface area, were numerically analysed under steady-state, thermally and hydrodynamically developing flow conditions. Water has been considered as working fluid and it flowed under laminar conditions (1000≤Re≤2000). According to obtained results, the cube-shaped dimpled fins arranged as parallel to flow (CuDT/C) exhibit the highest average Nusselt number, with increases of 95.21%, 176.25%, and 272.13% for Re=1000, 1500, and 2000, respectively, compared to smoot tube. It has been determined that CuDT/C increases the performance evaluation criterion at the rates of 65.94%, 115.96%, and 176.79% for Re=1000, 1500, and 2000, respectively.

Heat transfer enhancement in cylindrical heat pipes with MgO-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluids in water-ethylene glycol mixture: An RSM approach

Heat pipes are passive devices crucial for thermal management in various applications. However, conventional water-based fluids can limit their heat transfer capacity, especially in cold environments where freeze protection is necessary. This study investigates the potential of MgO-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluids to enhance heat transfer performance in cylindrical mesh heat pipes while addressing these limitations. The research demonstrates significant improvements in thermal performance compared to a water-ethylene glycol mixture. The MgO-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid reduces thermal resistance by enhancing surface wettability in the evaporator section. Additionally, the formation of a nanofluid coating on the evaporator surface leads to a higher heat transfer coefficient. Furthermore, RSM successfully models the relationship between nanoparticle concentration, power input, and key thermal responses (thermal resistance and heat transfer coefficient). These findings highlight the effectiveness of MgO-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluids for augmenting heat transfer in heat pipes and provide valuable RSM models for predicting thermal behavior within the investigated range.

Analysis of hydrodynamics and thermal–hydraulic performance of twisted angle fins within an annular conduit

AbstractThis paper investigated the influence of various twisted angles of fin inserts integrated on the inner heated pipe wall of a double-pipe heat exchanger by analysing the thermal–hydraulic performance through numerical simulations. Results showed twisted angle fin (TAF) induced turbulent fluid flow phenomena, generating transverse and longitudinal vortices, along with swirling flow. This collaboration between the vortices and swirling flow effectively prevents heat trapping and enhances heat transfer from the inner pipe wall through the intensive fluid mixing. Despite longitudinal swirling vortices and turbulence significantly enhance local and global heat transfer performance, they led to increased pressure drop. However, TAF twisting reduces pressure drop by streamlining flow. The performance evaluation criterion (PEC) value is a dimensionless quantity that facilitates the comprehensive evaluation of optimal configurations by comparing the increment in Nusselt number and the increment in friction factor. PEC values greater than 1 indicate that the increase in Nusselt number exceeded the increase in friction factor. Among tested configurations, the twisted fin angles of 60° (TAF60) exhibited the highest improvement in Nusselt number and friction factor, also achieving the highest PEC of 1.59712 at Reynolds number of 1194.71. TAF40 and TAF50 were identified as optimal configurations for enhancing the thermal–hydraulic efficiency, with average PEC values of 1.26893 and 1.27030, respectively. Overall, the study indicated a consistent enhancement trend with increasing twisted angles and emphasizes the significant thermal performance improvement of TAF configurations compared to the smooth conduit. Furthermore, the results showed a converging tendency across all TAF configurations in the percentage improvement in Nusselt number and friction factor, as well as PEC compared to the baseline No fin configuration with increasing Reynolds number, suggesting that future improvements in thermal–hydraulic performance are more dependent on geometric angles than fluid flow velocity.

Topology optimization of regenerative cooling structures under high Reynolds number flow with variable thermo-physical properties

In the design of thermal protection system for hypersonic vehicles, the efficient convective heat transfer within regenerative cooling channels plays a critical role in maintaining their thermal performance. This study focuses on the topology optimization (TO) of the cooling channels that operate at high Reynolds number and have variable thermo-physical properties. A novel approach is introduced to enhance the density-based method by incorporating an effective artificial force correction and tabulating the temperature-dependent thermal properties. Several topology-optimized cooling layouts were generated to minimize the maximum temperature within the design domain while considering different power dissipation constraints. This confirms the validity of the proposed lumped correction term in momentum equation accounting both viscous and convective body forces. Regarding the thermal performance of the optimized layouts, the staggered arrangement of cellular ribs in the TO channel was found to induce multiple flow separations and promote turbulent mixing, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency and mitigating the thermal acceleration effect. Conjugate heat transfer calculations revealed that the optimal topology-optimized channel achieved a 24.3% improvement in overall thermal performance while being 15.3% lighter than the straight channel design. Furthermore, the optimal topology optimized layout consistently outperformed the straight channel design by 6.6% to 24.3% in terms of the overall thermal performance across a wide range of heat flux distribution and mass flow rate conditions. This investigation highlights the effectiveness of topology optimization in designing regenerative cooling structures featuring high Reynolds number hydrocarbon thermal fluid flow.

A Review of the Building Heating System Integrated with the Heat Pipe

The heat pipe (HP) is widely applied in the thermal management field at present. In order to make use of the low-grade and renewable energies to maintain building thermal comfort in the heating season, more and more studies with respect to improving the thermal performance of the building heating system integrated with the HP (BHSIHP), such as the floor heating system integrated with the HP (FHSIHP), the thermal storage wall heating system integrated with the HP (TSWIHP), conventional wall integrated with the HP (WIHP) and radiator heating system integrated with the HP (RHSIHP), are conducted. This paper aims to summarize different types of HPs applied in the building heating system and offers an overview of the thermal performance improvement for the BHSIHP. The thermal response, thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, heat capacity, heat transfer coefficient, temperature distribution, thermal storage and heat release capacity are always selected to investigate characteristics of the BHSIHP. Results show that the thermal performance of the FHSIHP, the TSWIHP, the WIHP and the RHSIHP is more outstanding than that of the conventional heating system. The thermal performance of the BHSIHP is affected by heat source temperature, installation tilt angle, working fluid, and filling ratio of the HP. The heat source temperature, which positively affects the performance of the BHSIHP, is crucial for the selection of the working fluid and filling ratio. However, the performance of the BHSIHP is increased first and then decreased with the increase of the installation tilt angle. The optimal filling ratio of the working fluid has been proven not to be a fixed value.

Control strategy calibration of a direct-expansion solar-assisted heat pump

As known, the performance of a direct-expansion solar-assisted heat pump (DX-SAHP) is affected by environmental and operational parameters significantly, and the variable capacity system has distinct advantages. The calibration of the control strategy will be very useful for the thermal performance improvement of DX-SAHP systems. Based on the test rig which is used to supply domestic hot water, the original variable capacity control strategy has been calibrated with the quasi-dynamic mathematical model under different conditions. The calibration results show that the optimum range of the degree of superheat is 7–12 °C. For winter and spring/autumn conditions, the optimum range of operation duration are 360–420 min and 300–360 min, and the corresponding optimum range of average compressor speed are 3750–4500 r·min−1 and 2750–3750 r·min−1, respectively. Experiments prove that the actual operation parameters can be maintained at the optimum range well and the average coefficient of performance (COPm) during the whole heating process has been improved further. For winter and spring/autumn, the average operation duration and compressor speed are 395 min and 3970 r·min−1, 345 min and 3066 r·min−1, respectively. Moreover, the values of COPm could reach 3.44 and 4.67, respectively. Even at solar radiation intensity of 577.6 W·m−2 with ambient temperature of −9.1 °C, the COPm could reach 2.38.

Thermal management and power generation characteristics in a bifurcating channel by using a piezo-embedded inclined elastic fin assembly during turbulent forced convection of ternary nanofluid

Numerous engineering systems use piezoelectric energy harvesters (PE-EHs), which have several benefits including low cost, simplicity, better power density, and ease of installation. They can be used in different applications for energy harvesting and different external sources such as wind and vortex induced vibrations due to fluid–structure interaction can be utilized. This study uses a unique elastic fin PE/EH assembly for power generation, thermal management, and flow control in a bifurcating channel. Performance of the system is improved by using ternary nanofluid in the channel cooling system. Galerkin weighted residual FEM with ALE is used as the solution method. The convective heat transfer performance and power generation by the EH device are investigated in relation to the varying following parameters: Reynolds number (Re between 10000 and 30000), PE-EH inclination (γ between 0 and 60), fin horizontal location (xf between −H and H), and nanoparticle loading in the base fluid (ϕ between 0 and 0.03). The vortex size and distribution near the junction are significantly influenced by the fin inclination and horizontal location of the fin assembly within the bifurcating channel. When varying other parameters of interest, using nanofluid at the highest loading results in significant deflection of the fin assembly and power generation within the PE-EH. Enhancement factors (EFs) for power generation becomes 15.6 and 39.8 when cases of lowest and highest Re are compared with pure fluid and nanofluid while they are 2.93 and 3.38 for thermal performance improvements. Fin inclination of γ=30 is found as the optimum inclination for achieving the highest power from the assembly. Higher inclination of elastic fin/PE-EH assembly results in cooling performance deterioration while average Nu reduces by a factor of 2.94 by varying inclination from γ=30 to γ=60 with nanofluid. For power generation, effects of using nanofluid with varying inclination is significant and EF becomes 252 from γ=0 to γ=30. There are opposing tendencies for the device’s power generation and cooling performance enhancement when the fin’s horizontal placement is changed. EF for average Nu is 7.25 for varying fin location. As the loading of nanoparticle inside the base fluid increases, the average Nu and generated power exhibit non-linear rising characteristics. Polynomial type correlations are provided for the average Nu and power from the device by varying elastic fin assembly inclination and nanoparticle solid volume fraction. Potential of using hybrid nanofluid in PE-EH embedded thermo-fluid system is shown. The design, development, and optimization of self-sufficient power production systems that may be used to various thermo-fluid systems, such as electronic cooling and thermal control in a range of heat transfer devices, may benefit from the findings.

Efficient preparation of core–shell Al@PFHP@fluoropolymer energetic composites combining corrosion resistance and high energy release properties

The study employed a two-step synthesis method to prepare Al@PFHP@fluoropolymer energetic composites with a core–shell structure. PFHP and HF acid are used for surface etching and modification of raw Al powder. PFHP bonds to the surface of Al powder, with redundant C-F providing hydrogen bonding sites, driving dissolved PVDF and P(VDF-HFP) polymer chains in the liquid phase to migrate, nucleate, and grow on the surface of the Al powder, and consequently the formation of a continuous shell layer through hydrogen-bonding self-assembly. The Al powder coated with fluoropolymer exhibited strong hydrophobic and corrosion-resistant properties, ensuring long-term storage and environmental adaptability. Compared to mechanically mixed Al@PFHP/fluoropolymer, the Al@PFHP@fluoropolymer composites show significant improvements in thermal reactivity, ignition, and combustion performance. The close integration of fluoropolymer and Al shortens the mass and heat transfer distances during the reaction process. Additionally, the low-boiling-point AlF3 does not hinder diffusion process in the combustion zone, which is conducive to the alleviation of the reaction sintering phenomenon and the rapid and concentrated release of energy. Therefore, through the dual strategy of using fluorine-containing oxidizers and structure optimization, efficient reaction of Al@PFHP@fluoropolymer is achieved, also promoting efficient combustion of Al powder. The synthesis process of this energetic composite is simple yet yields exceptionally high performance, enabling large-scale production and application potential in military ammunition and rocket propulsion systems.

Development and evaluation of a buoyancy-driven airflow window with multioperation modes

This study introduces a novel, cost-effective window-integrated passive system (WIPS) that enhances indoor air quality and maintains comfortable temperatures throughout both summer and winter. The WIPS utilizes buoyancy-driven air flow through dual air cavities that alternately preheat or cool the incoming air depending on the season. The system’s design was optimized for Seoul, Korea, through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations using Fluent 2021 R2 software, which employed a Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model with RNG κ-ε turbulence modeling. Key design adjustments included the use of glass and unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) to minimize unintended airflow, as well as modifications to the geometry and size of the air cavities to maximize efficient air flow and thermal effectiveness. The optimized design demonstrated significant improvements in thermal performance, achieving a preheating effect up to 35 °C in winter and reducing indoor temperatures by 10 °C in summer. These results underline the potential of WIPS to provide a sustainable solution for building ventilation and climate control.

Study on the effect of condenser configuration of pulsating heat pipes for space applications

In this study, the effect of condenser configuration on the thermal performance of pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) for space applications is experimentally investigated. The thermal performances of a single-condenser PHP and double-condenser PHP are compared under the constraints of the same evaporator and condenser areas. The PHPs are composed of a meandering channel with 30 turns and are made of a stainless-steel tube with the inner and outer diameters of 1.0 and 1.6 mm, respectively. R-134a is used as the working fluid, and the filling ratio is varied from 30 % to 60 %. Under various experimental conditions, the thermal performances of both single- and double-condenser PHPs are examined from two perspectives. First, the thermal resistances of the two PHPs are compared across a range of condenser temperatures from 10 to 30 °C and heat inputs from 0 to 700 W. According to the experimental observations, the double-condenser PHP exhibits a considerable reduction in thermal resistance, up to 55 % compared with the single-condenser PHP, across all the experimental conditions. Second, the operating ranges of the two PHPs are compared. For the single-condenser PHP, either an increase in the filling ratio or a decrease in the condenser temperature results in a narrower range of stable operation, with a maximum allowable heat input of approximately 200 W. On the other hand, the double-condenser PHP is mostly in the stable operating region regardless of the filling ratio or condenser temperature. Consequently, it exhibits an operating range approximately four times wider than that of the single-condenser PHP, indicating a significantly expanded range of stable operation. These improvements in thermal performance can be attributed to having the effects of doubling the number of evaporator-condenser pairs and halving the length between the evaporator and the condenser.

Numerical investigation on effects of swirl and offset ratio on hydro-thermal transport phenomena and irreversibility generation of turbulent jet flow

The combined influence of offset jet and imposition of swirling motion is crucial because many macro-level electronic devices and heat exchanger systems involve such types of configuration. The mutual impact of the offset ratio and swirl number along with a range of Reynolds numbers is taken into account to briefly discuss the primary laws (first and second) of thermodynamics associated with the prescribed problem. An open channel with variable nozzle height is assumed under forced convective flow conditions. The flow physics associated with the prescribed problem has been solved numerically with an improvised [Formula: see text] turbulent (shear stress transport) model. The intricate interplay between the swirl intensity and the offset upon the thermal and entropy generation characteristics has been revealed in the average Nusselt number, local variation of skin friction coefficient, and total entropy generation by varying the distinct embedded control parameters. The results indicate that a higher range of Reynolds number leads to a high value of average Nusselt number unrelatedly of swirl number and offset ratio. However, the improvement of thermal performance does not depend only upon the heat transfer characteristics but also the total irreversibility should be optimized. In that regard, a swirl ratio of 0.5 with an offset ratio of 3 provides optimized configurations irrespective of all other parameters.

Variability in Heating Demand Predictions: A Comparative Study of PHPP and Mc001-2022 in Existing Residential Buildings

The construction industry is a key driver of environmental change due to its extensive use of resources and high emissions, thus significantly burdening global efforts towards sustainable development targets. A large portion of the environmental footprint of buildings results from the energy required to sustain indoor comfort levels. Thus, enhancing the energy efficiency of existing buildings becomes critical in reducing their environmental impact. This study explores the impact of thermal performance improvements on the heating demand, employing numerical modeling and two energy performance methodologies, PHPP and Mc001-2022, across various climatic datasets and case studies in Romania. The results show substantial variability in heating demand predictions: Mc001-2022 predicts up to 27.2% higher continuous heating demands and 21.0% higher intermittent demands compared to PHPP in one case study. In the second case study, the differences range from 8.1% higher to 6.9% lower for continuous heating and from 3.3% higher to 9.9% lower for intermittent heating, depending on the scenario. These findings underscore the importance of the methodological choice and localized climatic data in heating demand assessments, highlighting the need for a tailored, context-specific approach to energy performance assessment, integrating multiple energy efficiency measures suited to the unique characteristics of each building.

Vacancy Manipulation by Ordered Mesoporous Induced Optimal Carrier Concentration and Low Lattice Thermal Conductivity in BixSb2- xTe3 Yielding Superior Thermoelectric Performance.

For BixSb2- xTe3 (BST) in thermoelectric field, the element ratio is easily influenced by the chemical environment, deviating from the stoichiometric ratio and giving rise to various intrinsic defects. In P-type polycrystalline BST, SbTe and BiTe are the primary forms of defects. Defect engineering is a crucial strategy for optimizing the electrical transport performance of Bi2Te3-based materials, but achieving synchronous improvement of thermal performance is challenging. In this study, mesoporous SiO2 is utilized to successfully mitigate the adverse impacts of vacancy defects, resulting in an enhancement of the electrical transport performance and a pronounced reduction in thermal conductivity. Crystal and the microstructure of the continuous modulation contribute to the effective phonon-electronic decoupling. Ultimately, the peak zT of Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3/0.8 wt% SiO2 (with a pore size of 4nm) nanocomposites reaches as high as 1.5 at 348 K, and a thermoelectric conversion efficiency of 6.6% is achieved at ΔT = 222.7 K. These results present exciting possibilities for the realization of defect regulation in porous materials and hold reference significance for other material systems.