Technological Innovation Improvement Research Articles

Do Logistics Development and Tourism Development Contribute to Low-Carbon Economy? Empirical Evidence from Technological Innovation and Clean Energy Utilization in China

With the intensification of the conflict between environmental deterioration and economic growth, low-carbon economy has attracted more and more attention from various industries. Using panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019, this paper adopts a fixed effect model and threshold effect model to study the non-linear threshold effects of logistics development and tourism development on low-carbon economy from the perspective of technological innovation and clean energy. The results show that, firstly, logistics development and tourism development have promoting effects on economic growth; secondly, with the improvement of technological innovation and the increase in the use of clean energy, the promotion of logistics development and tourism development on low-carbon economy are gradually enhanced; finally, there is an obvious regional heterogeneity in the above threshold effects: Within the threshold range, the development of logistics and tourism in the eastern regions has a stronger promoting effect on the low-carbon economy than in the central and western regions.

Do Short Sellers Affect Corporate Innovation? Evidence from a Policy Experiment

Abstract We examine the effect of short sellers on corporate innovation. To establish causality, we use a policy experiment that exogenously removes the short-selling constraint for a randomly selected subsample of Russell 3000 firms. We find that innovation quality, value, and efficiency of treatment firms improve significantly more than those of control firms surrounding the policy shock. The exposure to patenting-related litigation initiated by short sellers is a plausible underlying mechanism through which short sellers discipline firm managers and enhance innovation. Our paper provides new insights into an unintended real effect of short sellers, specifically their improvement of technological innovation. (JEL G14, G18, G34, K22, O31, O32) Received December 10, 2018; editorial decision February 12, 2023 by Editor Andrew Ellul. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

A Study of the Spatial Mechanism of Financial Agglomeration Affecting Green Low-Carbon Development: Evidence from China

China has stepped into the assertive stage of transforming the economic development mode and economic growth momentum, while green and low-carbon development is undoubtedly the way to promote high-quality economic development in the new period. As the core of modern economic growth, the spatial scale concentration of finance plays a crucial role in the development of economic transformation. In this paper, the SBM-GML production index method was used to measure the green low-carbon development level of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2019. It also empirically examines the impact and effect of financial agglomeration on green low-carbon development from a two-dimensional perspective of time and space using a systematic generalized matrix and a spatial dynamic panel model. At the same time, the spatial spillover effects of financial agglomeration were measured using a partial differential approach combined with the mediating effect model to reveal the path of financial agglomeration on green low-carbon development. It was found that, firstly, financial agglomeration achieves green low-carbon, and high-quality development through economic growth, industrial structure upgrading, and technological innovation improvement. It also achieves the enhancement of green, low-carbon development through the dual improvement of green technological progress and green technological efficiency. Second, financial agglomeration can enhance the green low-carbon development of neighboring regions; the positive effect of financial agglomeration has a significant positive spatial spillover. Third, the relationship between financial agglomeration and green low-carbon development shows a significant inverted U-shaped relationship, i.e., short-term promotion and long-term inhibition; at present, financial agglomeration, as a whole, has not crossed the critical value but still has a promotional effect on green low-carbon development. Finally, this article points out that in order to effectively promote green, low-carbon development, China needs to continuously promote the formation and optimization of financial agglomeration and make concerted efforts in economic growth, industrial structure upgrading, and technological progress.

Does new-type urbanization curb haze pollution? A case study from China.

The rapid urbanization process has led to a high concentration of population and economic activities in urban space, thus leading to severe environmental pollution. The concept of new-type urbanization has been proposed in China to combat the pollution associated with urbanization. This study analyzes the interaction effect of new-type urbanization with land, industry, and technology on haze pollution, using Chinese provincial-level panel data, and employs a STIRPAT model with interaction terms for empirical testing. The results find that new-type urbanization can significantly reduce the national haze pollution level; meanwhile, the optimization of intensive urban land use level, industrial structure, and technological innovation can interact with it to promote haze reduction, and there is regional heterogeneity. The improvement of intensive urban land use and industrial structure in the central region will significantly enhance the haze reduction effect of new-type urbanization, while the improvement of technological innovation in the west will instead weaken its haze reduction effect, and the interaction in the eastern region is not significant. This research provides a theoretical basis for better implementation of new-type urbanization construction and effective promotion of green and sustainable urban development.

A comprehensive model for determining technological innovation level in supply chains using green investment, eco-friendly design and customer collaborations factors

Technological innovations play a crucial role in designing an effective green supply chain. However, it is crucial to know the factors influencing technological innovation in a green supply chain. Some preconceptions show that technological innovation in a business can be affected by internal and external factors, and therefore there must be correlations between such factors to flourish the technological innovation and, subsequently, the green supply chain. Besides, predicting the technological innovation level in a supply chain can be vital and direct it to the Industry 5.0 goals. In this research, a 3-phased framework will be proposed to predict the Technological Innovation Level of Green Supply Chains. The scope of this research includes Green Investment, Eco-friendly Design and Customer Collaborations. In the 1st phase of the framework, dependent and independent factors considering the scope of the Research will be determined; and then, using statistical data analysis, the weight of factors, which reflects their impact on technological innovation (dependent factor), will be determined. Then, in the 2nd phase, a comprehensive model will be developed and trained. Using the data of supply chains that were gathered in the first phase, the train and test data would be selected. In continuation, the model will be trained and its performance will be evaluated using some metrics. Then, in the last phase (phase 3), the developed model will be used to predict the technological level of supply chains. The outcomes of this research can help top managers of supply chains to predict the level of technological innovation by investing a certain budget in improving the dependent variables. The outcomes demonstrated that Customer Collaboration (0.481), Eco-friendly design (0.419) and Green Investment (0.41) have significant impacts on technological innovation improvement in the studied cases, respectively. Besides, the results showed the superiority of the K-nearest Neighbor algorithm while using the Minkowski distance method and considering 5 neighbors. The findings indicated that the proposed framework could predict Technological Innovation with 0.751 accuracies. The outcomes of this research can be helpful for industry owners to predict the expected technological innovation level of their system by investing a certain budget in green investment, eco-friendly design and customer collaborations in their enterprises.

A Spatial Evolutionary Study of Technological Innovation Talents’ Sticky Wages and Technological Innovation Efficiency Based on the Perspective of Sustainable Development

In China, with the deepening of the reform of industrial structures, the improvement of technological innovation has become a key issue. This is not only related to whether the strategic development of Chinese science and technology can be achieved, but also whether the Chinese economy and high-quality human capital can develop sustainably. Based on the theoretical boundary of sustainable development—free transfer of information—we see that sticky wages are the embodiment of information dissemination. Under the dual effects of profit-seeking behavior and information barriers, the relationship between the sticky wages of technological innovation talents (TIT), as the most profitable labor force, and technological innovation efficiency (TIE) has become more complex, and so far we still have a limited understanding of it. We explore this issue in an empirical study by using a two-stage chain Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) of TIE followed by modifying the wages of TIT; finally, we build a collaborative evolution model with spatial effects on a large dataset (from 2007 to 2016). The results show that the overall Chinese TIE is relatively low, and in the central and western regions the TIE has been seriously reversed; there are also divergences in the TIE at different stages in the regions we focus on. As the output of technological innovation, except for initial results (such as patents), the more important value is whether it has an ability to transform the initial results into production, and the core of it is whether it can match the market environment and technology transfer system (for example, market mechanism, transformation incentive mechanism, and institutional mechanism). So, considering these aspects, the central and west of China are obviously insufficient, while the east has obvious advantages; this can also explain the results of spatial diffusion, namely, in the eastern region it is higher than in other areas, but the gap between them is gradually narrowing; lastly, from the perspective of synergy, the wage stickiness of TIT in the central region is larger than that of the eastern and western regions, and the evolutionary relationship in the former is “extruding” while in the latter it is “cooperative.” Mainly due to the popularity of the eastern innovation network and the initial state of the west, the barriers of information transmission are relatively low, while the central part is undergoing economic transformation, so its extreme demand for TIT has pushed up the cost of information transmission.

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN PENGRAJIN GULA AREN DI KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG PROVINSI BENGKULU

Palm sugar as a source of income is mostly produced by palm sugar producers who are in the village, depending on the population of existing palm trees. Available raw materials and prevailing prices affect income. This study aims to (1) analyze the structure of production costs and business income of palm sugar and (2) analyze the factors that influence the income of palm sugar producers in Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu Province. The method used to analyze the cost structure is income analysis (π = TR - TC) by calculating the use of total costs (TC = TFC + TVC) used in once production process. Factors that influence palm sugar income are price of palm sugar, number of productive trees, and yield of palm sugar. Primary data obtained from palm sugar prodicers using questionnaires and secondary data obtained from previous research. Analysis of factors that influence income using multiple linear regression analysis, processed using the SPSS 16.0 Program. Research results show that the average income obtained by palm sugar craftsmen in Rejang Lebong District is Rp 150,374 / production. Palm sugar processing business is still feasible to be a business and profitable because the value of profitability obtained is 1.23. Factors that influence income significantly at the level of 95 percent in the form of prices and number of productive trees. Improvements in technological innovations and an increase in the population of palm sugar plants need to be improved to be able to increase the income of palm sugar’ producers in the Rejang Lebong Regency of Bengkulu Province.

Structural Relationship and Influence between Open Innovation Capacities and Performances

Previous studies related to open innovation have presented piecewise implications in relation to various knowledge management capacities. The study published by Lichtenthaler and Lichtenthaler in 2009 presented a model that combines the various open innovation capacities of firms in view of a mix of knowledge management, dynamic capability and absorptive capacity. Despite these efforts, there have been few empirical studies on the relationships among capacities, or between capacities and performance from an integrated perspective. Therefore, this study seeks to clarify the relationships among knowledge capacities and between knowledge capacities, technological innovation and financial performance at the firm level. Our findings are that the transformative, connective, inventive and absorptive capacities both directly and indirectly affects technological innovation performance; and innovative and desorptive capacities are the key factors connecting technological innovation to financial performance. This study provides managerial implications for the balanced development of the various knowledge capacities and the improvement of technological innovation and financial performance for firm knowledge managers.

Historical spatial reconstruction of a spawning-aggregation fishery.

Aggregations of individual animals that form for breeding purposes are a critical ecological process for many species, yet these aggregations are inherently vulnerable to exploitation. Studies of the decline of exploited populations that form breeding aggregations tend to focus on catch rate and thus often overlook reductions in geographic range. We tested the hypothesis that catch rate and site occupancy of exploited fish-spawning aggregations (FSAs) decline in synchrony over time. We used the Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) spawning-aggregation fishery in the Great Barrier Reef as a case study. Data were compiled from historical newspaper archives, fisher knowledge, and contemporary fishery logbooks to reconstruct catch rates and exploitation trends from the inception of the fishery. Our fine-scale analysis of catch and effort data spanned 103 years (1911-2013) and revealed a spatial expansion of fishing effort. Effort shifted offshore at a rate of 9.4 nm/decade, and 2.9 newly targeted FSAs were reported/decade. Spatial expansion of effort masked the sequential exploitation, commercial extinction, and loss of 70% of exploited FSAs. After standardizing for improvements in technological innovations, average catch rates declined by 90.5% from 1934 to 2011 (from 119.4 to 11.41 fish/vessel/trip). Mean catch rate of Spanish mackerel and occupancy of exploited mackerel FSAs were not significantly related. Our study revealed a special kind of shifting spatial baseline in which a contraction in exploited FSAs occurred undetected. Knowledge of temporally and spatially explicit information on FSAs can be relevant for the conservation and management of FSA species.

The Impact of the Extrinsic Innovative Entrepreneurs’ Motivation and the Knowledge-Based Competitive Conditions on Technological Innovation

In this research, we will try to show to what extent the competitive environment in the knowledge era and the extrinsic individual motivation of innovative entrepreneurs could enhance technological innovation in newlyestablished enterprises. A study on a sample of 105 new Tunisian enterprises deemed innovative in a national and regional innovative economic environment revealed 'the following: The nature of the market demand and the dissemination of knowledge by firms have a positive effect on the improvement of technological innovation, while efforts to adapt to market changes, the entrepreneurs' motivation extrinsic system to innovate, the state of competition and the evolution of that market had no effect on it.