Improvement Of Lipid Abnormalities Research Articles

Bioassay-guided fractionation and evaluation of anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic potential of punica granatum l. Var nana cultivated in egypt

Punica granatum L. var. nana is an ornamental plant, yet it is underestimated medicinally compared to edible pomegranate. In this study, the ethanolic extract of the leaves(TEL)and its successive fractions were evaluated for anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic potentials in nicotinamide/streptozotocin(NA/STZ)-diabetic rats. Blood was measured for glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c%) and insulin levels.Anti-oxidant activity was assessed via measuring malondialdehyde(MDA), nitric oxide(NO), total anti-oxidant activity(TAC) and reduced glutathione(GSH). Anti-hyperlipidemic activity was evaluated via monitoring triglycerides(TG), total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoproteincholesterol(LDL-c), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(VLDL-c), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-c) and atherogenic index(AI). Both TEL and ethyl acetate fraction(EAL) reduced glucose, HbA1c%, MDA, NO, TG, TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c and AI but increased plasma insulin, TAC, GSH and HDL-c. Therefore, the potent effect of TEL could be attributed to EAL, from whichseven phenoliccompounds were isolated.Nutritional composition was also investigated. Finally, leaves of the studied plant played a beneficial role in management of diabetes, controlling oxidative stress and improvement of lipid abnormalities.

Influence of post-disaster evacuation on childhood obesity and hyperlipidemia.

The objectives of this study were to determine the longer-term trends in childhood obesity and hyperlipidemia among residents of Fukushima Prefecture 5years after the Great East Japan Earthquake. We evaluated the changes in height, weight, body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-CHO), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-CHO), and triglyceride (TG) in residents aged 7-15years who had lived in the evacuation zone between 2011 and 2015. (i) the mean BMI SDS in all residents in 2011 was 0.113, and the mean BMI-SDS in all residents gradually decreased from 2011 to 2015; (ii) serum LDL-CHO levels and TG levels in all residents with a BMI value≧2SD in 2011 were higher than those in residents with a BMI value<2SD; (iii) the frequency of residents with an LDL-CHO level ≥140mg/dl in 2012, 2013, and 2014 did not decrease in comparison with that in 2011, whereas the frequency of residents with an LDL-CHO level of ≥140mg/dl in 2015 was lower than that in 2011. The frequency of residents with a TG level≥120mg/dl increased over the 5years. These results suggest that a number of pediatric residents suffered from obesity and hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, the long-term observation indicated an improvement in obesity, although the improvement in lipid abnormalities was delayed compared with that in obesity. Thus, it is necessary to continue with health checks for these residents with obesity and/or hyperlipidemia.

Lipid abnormality correction by integrase inhibitor among children taking ARt

Goal. To estimate a possibility of correction laboratory abnormalities (increased level of cholesterol and/or triglycerides at blood of HIV-positive children) by switch the boosted PI on HIV integrase inhibitor (Raltegravir). Methods. The retrospective study was conducted in group of 58 HIV-positive children (less 18 yo). Inclusion criteria were increasing level of cholesterol in blood (more than 5,0 mmol/l) and/or the triglyceride (more than 2,3 mmol/l) ART with boosted PI. The ART regime was changed for all children (n=58). Boosted PI was replaced to integrase inhibitor (RAL). RAL formulation (chewable tablets, 25mg and 100mg) used accordingly weight. Time horizon of observation and laboratory control after boosted PI switch was 24 months. Results. Lab abnormalities in study group (n=58) after switch to RAL were changed: reliable decrease in level of cholesterol (p &lt;0,01), triglycerides (p &lt;0,001), viral load (p &lt;0,001) and growth CD4 count (p &lt;0,05). Conclusion. Boosted PI switch to integrase inhibitor is providing long-term and effective HIV management and improvement of lipid abnormalities among children.

Glucose and Lipid Lowering Potentials of Heliotropium indicum L. Leaves in Alloxan-Induced Hyperglycaemic Rats

The antidiabetic potentials of Heliotropium indicum L. leaf aqueous (HILA) extract used for the management of diabetes by Traditional Medicinal Practitioners (TMPs) in Nigeria was assessed. Alloxan (ALX)-induced hyperglycaemic rats were orally administered with known folkloric dosage of 30 and 75 mg/kg b. wt. of HILA extract, once a day, for 14 days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were monitored and pancreatic histology was examined. Net hepatic glycogen (GLY) concentration and lipid profiles were also determined. Prior to treatment, ALX-induced hyperglycaemia (&gt;250 mg/dL) was established in rats. Oral administration of 30 and 75 mg/kg b. wt. HILA extract to diabetic rats for 14 days caused significant reduction in FBG to baseline values observed in non-diabetic conditions. Treatment with HILA extract also showed improvement in lipid abnormalities observed in hyperglycaemic condition, levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were significantly reduced and HDL-cholesterol increased resulting in improved artherogenic index. Hepatic GLY concentration was significantly increased in diabetic rat treated with the extract. Histological examinations showed degenerated and sparse pancreatic islets β-cells in non-treated diabetic rat, whereas microscopy of treated rats showed mild to normal architecture with enriched β-cells. Preliminary phytochemical profiling of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids (2.54 mg/g), saponins (0.28 mg/g), phenols (0.04 mg/g) and anthraquinones (0.01 mg/g). Results from this study revealed that the aqueous leaf extract of H. indicum possesses not only antihyperglycaemic, but also antidyslipidemic activities, that may prove to be of clinical importance in the management of diabetes and associated secondary complications.

Studies on lipid profile in patients with non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem and is associated with abnormalities of lipids and lipoprotein metabolism in variable frequency. The aim of the present work was to study the lipid abnormalities in NIDDM patients. Dyslipidaemia is of special interest because to compare it between male and female NIDDM patients and as well as to see the impact between women of reproductive age group and post menopausal women. For this purpose total serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C and LDL/HDL ratio were determined of a total number of 160 subjects. Out of these 80 subjects were diabetic and 80 were non-diabetic control subjects of both sexes. In this study, the total serum cholesterol levels were higher in NIDDM than control subjects and showed significant statistical difference (P&lt;0.05) between control and NIDDM subjects. The serum triglyceride levels were found higher amongst diabetics as compared to the normal healthy controls and showed statistically significant difference (P&lt;0.05). Higher LDL-C levels were showed in NIDDM and revealed significant difference (P&lt;0.05) in comparison to control non-diabetic subjects and NIDDM patients. HDL-C levels were found decreased in patients with NIDDM compared to controls. The findings in the patients with NIDDM between male and female revealed no significant difference (P&gt;0.05) in mean TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C between male and female diabetic patient in unpaired t-test. With improvement of diabetic control some improvement of the lipid abnormalities can be achieved. Most studies have shown that improvement of lipid abnormalities occur with proper glycaemic control in patients with NIDDM. The atherosclerotic process in the diabetic patient is indistinguishable from that seen in the non-diabetic population but it begins earlier and is more severe. Risk factors associated with atherosclerosis in the non-diabetic subject appear to have a similar relation to coronary heart disease among diabetics. Further studies are necessary to confirm the present suggestions, studies involving more number of subjects, estimation of Hb AIC.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v2i1.13516 KYAMC Journal Vol.2(1) 2011 pp.123-127

A prospective trial for laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in morbidly obese adolescents: an interim report of weight loss, metabolic and quality of life outcomes

Background and Materials and Methods The outcome of patients completing 12 months of follow-up in a prospective longitudinal trial of the safety/efficacy of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) for morbidly obese adolescents aged 14 to 17 years using a Food and Drug Administration Institutional Device Exemption for the use of the LAPBAND was analyzed. Baseline and outcome data were abstracted from a prospective database. Results Baseline (mean ± SD) body mass index was 50 ± 10 kg/m 2, and excess weight was 178 ± 53 lb in 20 patients. Comorbidities included hypertension (45%), dyslipidemia (80%), insulin resistance (90%), metabolic syndrome (95%), and biopsy-proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (88%). At mean (SD) follow-up of 26 (9) months, % excess weight loss was 34% ± 22% (n = 20) and 41% ± 27% (n = 12), and the metabolic syndrome was resolved in 63% and 82% of the patients at 12 and 18 months, respectively. Hypertension normalized in all patients, along with improvement in lipid abnormalities and quality of life scores ( P < .05). At 12 months, of the 5 patients with less than 20% excess weight loss, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome were resolved in 2 patients. Conclusion At intermediate follow-up of a LAGB-based obesity treatment program, weight loss led to resolution or improvement of major obesity-related comorbidities in most patients, supporting the efficacy of LAGB as a surgical adjunct to a comprehensive obesity treatment program and its long-term evaluation.

Comparison of The Effects of Metformin and Goserelin in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of metformin and GnRH analogues on lipid metabolism and hormonal parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The study population consisted of 40 women with PCOS. Patients were divided into two groups. Metformin (850 mg, two times per day) was administered to the first group and GnRH analogue (goserelin 3.6 mg, every 28 days) was given to the second group. Only 32 women completed the study and their results were evaluated. Insulin resistance was not ascertained in patients. Metformin treatment resulted in a significant decline in mean body mass index, body weight and circumferences of waist and hip. In addition, there was a significant decrease in LH levels and a significant increase in FSH, progesterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations. Although there was an improvement in lipid abnormalities, no changes in starving glucose and insulin levels were observed. GnRH analogue resulted in a significant increase in FSH and SHBG levels and a significant decrease in LH, total testosterone, DHEAS levels and LH to FSH ratio. In patients treated with GnRH analogue, there was an improvement in lipid metabolism but there was no change in clinical features. Metformin and GnRH analogue use appears to improve endocrinological features and lipid abnormalities which consequently result in cardiovascular diseases in PCOS, independent from insulin resistance.