Improvement In Thermal Performance Research Articles

Effect of Chamfered Turbulators on Performance of Solar Air Heater - Numerical Study

This paper presents a numerical analysis of the thermal performance improvement in a flat plate solar air heater equipped with chamfered turbulators attached below the absorber plate for evaluating performance for Reynolds numbers ranging from 3,000 to 21,000. According to the research, chamfered turbulators caused the flow to become highly turbulent. This flow behaviour with flow separation around the turbulators positively affects performance. This paper attempts to explain the complex flow behaviour found during the analysis. The turbulator diameter varies in 1 mm increments from 3 to 7 mm at a constant longitudinal pitch of 200 mm. The number of turbulator rows in the transverse direction is kept constant at three. The chamfer is represented by the flow attack angle, which can be 30°, 45°, or 60° facing the direction of flow and opposing the direction of flow. The results showed that a 7mm diameter turbulator with a 30° chamfer angle placed against the flow of air yielded a considerably more significant thermal enhancement factor of 1.15 over the spectrum of flow Reynolds number studied

Effect of Chamfered Turbulators on Performance of Solar Air Heater - Numerical Study

This paper presents a numerical analysis of the thermal performance improvement in a flat plate solar air heater equipped with chamfered turbulators attached below the absorber plate for evaluating performance for Reynolds numbers ranging from 3,000 to 21,000. According to the research, chamfered turbulators caused the flow to become highly turbulent. This flow behaviour with flow separation around the turbulators positively affects performance. This paper attempts to explain the complex flow behaviour found during the analysis. The turbulator diameter varies in 1 mm increments from 3 to 7 mm at a constant longitudinal pitch of 200 mm. The number of turbulator rows in the transverse direction is kept constant at three. The chamfer is represented by the flow attack angle, which can be 30°, 45°, or 60° facing the direction of flow and opposing the direction of flow. The results showed that a 7mm diameter turbulator with a 30° chamfer angle placed against the flow of air yielded a considerably more significant thermal enhancement factor of 1.15 over the spectrum of flow Reynolds number studied

Thermal performance improvement for parabolic trough solar collectors integrated with twisted fin and nanofluid: Modeling and validation

The low thermal efficiency of parabolic trough solar collectors (PTSCs) is a major drawback that has hindered their development as a viable renewable energy resource. Among the available methods to enhance the thermal performance of PTSCs, installing internal fins within the collector tube is one of the most reliable, economical, and straightforward passive techniques. However, while internal fins can significantly improve thermal performance in turbulent flows, they also lead to a substantial increase in pumping work. Here, we demonstrate that with an optimal design of helical fins, the thermal efficiency of PTSCs can be improved without causing significant pressure losses through the receiver tube. The results proved that higher thermal efficiency and lower pressure losses were achieved when annular fins are replaced by an axial helical insert. Installation of a helical fin with 4 turns and a height of 4 mm led to a 4.5 % increase in thermal efficiency (η) while raising the friction factor (f) by 30 %. Optimal performance was observed with helical fins having 10 turns. For instance, at Re = 105, switching from 16 to 4 turns of 8 mm helical fins resulted in η and Nu enhancements, and f reduction of 1.6 %, 33 % and 64 %, respectively. While these changes were 2.0 %, 55 % and 54 % when n reduced from 16 to 10.

Comparative study of thermal performance improvement of parabolic trough solar collector using different heat transfer fluids, economic and environmental analysis of power generation

The use of nanofluids (NFs) as heat transfer fluids (HTFs) is one way of improving the thermal performance of parabolic trough solar collectors (PTSCs). This study presents a comparative analysis of the thermal performance of a PTSC using nanofluids as HTF. Two categories of nanoparticles (NPs) (green and conventional) and two base fluids (water and Syltherm 800) giving eight nanofluids are used in a one-dimensional quasi-static thermal model, simulated from a numerical code written in Matlab. After numerical validation of the proposed model, the comparative analysis in static and dynamic regimes linked to solar radiation shows that green NPs present not only differentiated positive but also negative effects on thermal performance depending on the base fluids compared to conventional NPs, and that the combination of green nanoparticles with high thermal capacity base fluids presents more positive than negative thermal effects. The impact of conventional NPs is more significant with water, at around 0.005 MWh, than with Syltherm 800, which averages around 0.002 MWh. The use of HTF configurations based on Syltherm 800 increases production by around 1 MWh more than that of water. HTF configurations based on Syltherm 800 generate around $0.004/kWh less than water on average. HTFs based on Syltherm 800 produce around 7.5 kgCO2/year more than water.

Enhanced heat transfer and thermal storage performance of molten K2CO3 by ZnO nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics study

Molten salt serves as a popular medium for thermal storage and transfer in concentrated solar power (CSP) systems. The existing experimental studies have found the capacity of enhancing the heat storage property of the molten carbonate by doping ZnO nanoparticles. However, it has been rarely reported to conduct simulations of ZnO/molten carbonate nanofluids, and the underlying mechanism of how ZnO nanoparticles enhance the heat transfer and storage capacity has less been explored. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been used to investigate the heat transfer and storage properties of a molten K2CO3 nanofluid containing ZnO nanoparticles. It was found that as the nanoparticle mass ratio in molten salt based nanofluids rises, their specific heat capacity initially increases but subsequently diminishes. The specific heat capacity peaks when the ZnO mass ratio is at 1 wt%, resulting in an increase of 17.83 % compared with the base salt. The thermal conductivity in nanofluids based on molten salt increases with the increasing of ZnO mass ratio. Multi-perspective analysis of the mechanism how ZnO nanoparticles enhance the thermal energy storage performance of molten salt, including the microstructural analysis, number density, vibrational density of state, and heat flow decomposition, is conducted. In addition, results of the number density illustrates that a compressed layer of K+ is formed surrounding the ZnO nanoparticles, and the change in the potential energy leads to an increasing heat capacity. Analysis of the heat flow decomposition suggests that the enhanced nonbonded interaction is the main reason for the improvement of thermal conductive performance in the nanofluids based on molten salt. The findings in the present study provide a new perspective of how ZnO nanoparticles enhance the thermophysical properties of molten salts.

An overview of conjugate heat transfer augmentation methods for thermal management and recent advancements in microchannel heat sink overall performance

Recent technological advancement creates high-dense circuits development which creates colossal cooling demand requirements. In the future, advanced technology and scientific applications need to balance heat fluxes beyond limitation that catalyse the research opportunities further to achieve cooling requirements. Conventional cooling equipment is inappropriate for extracting heat from microchips within the minimal surface area. Microchannel technology appeared as a next-generation heat exchanger for the given heat duty. In the classical case of accounting, micro-heat exchangers both axial and transverse wall conduction effects is usually neglected. However, from the year 2005 onwards, researchers identified conduction dominance at fluid velocity is zero zones at the interface, which created balance between conduction–convection currents, finally included axial wall/heat conduction effects to a general model. This present study made a comparative evaluation fluid flow, heat transfer characteristics, thermal performance (TP) based on geometrical parameters, substrate materials and discusses previous issues, and current issues-based future research directions. Till today, based on applications of microchannels in thermal management, several experimental and numerical investigations have been reported for further improvement in TP. However, many researchers are still trying to accomplish things over a long period. Therefore, an overview of previous studies is furnished in the present study to assist researchers in this area much useful for further improvement.

Balancing preservation and utilization: Window retrofit strategy for energy efficiency in historic modern building

In modern historic buildings, the decline in energy efficiency due to aging necessitates both the preservation of historical value and the need for energy retrofits. However, the windows cannot be altered due to the historical significance of the building's windows in terms of design and materials. Retrofitting windows in modern historic buildings require a more multifaceted improvement than other envelopes. This research examines the energy efficiency of a retrofit strategy that adds double-glazed windows to existing exterior windows. Through the application of retrofit technology, the performance of the windows and their impact on indoor temperature and relative humidity were analyzed. The research conducted an energy performance analysis using building energy simulations to assess energy savings. To ensure accurate energy efficiency evaluation, on-site indoor temperature and relative humidity monitoring, as well as non-destructive thermal performance assessments, were performed. The results revealed a 35 % improvement in airtightness with window retrofit. Based on these results, simulation results showed a 17 % reduction in annual cooling energy consumption and a 24 % reduction in annual heating energy consumption following the implementation of retrofit strategies. Thermal performance improvements proved effective in reducing cooling energy consumption, while airtightness improvements were more effective for heating energy consumption reduction. Consequently, for buildings requiring both heating and cooling, the double-glazed windows retrofit strategy emerged as an energy effective retrofit approach capable of enhancing both airtightness and thermal performance. This retrofit will unlock new possibilities for the preservation and revitalization of modern historic buildings, allowing them to continue their legacy.

Investigating the Impact of Various Vegetation Scenarios on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Low-Density Residential Areas of Hot Arid Regions

In hot, arid regions, outdoor spaces suffer from intense heat. This study explores how vegetation can improve outdoor thermal performance for pedestrians in low-density residential areas. Specifically, it seeks to identify the best combination of grass and trees for optimal comfort. Four scenarios were simulated using ENVI-met software, varying the proportions of grass and three tree types: 50% grass, 50% grass with 25% trees, 50% grass with 50% trees, and 50% grass with 75% trees. A reference scenario with no vegetation was also investigated. The simulated outputs encompassed air temperature (Ta), mean radiant temperature (Tmrt), relative humidity (RH), and physiologically equivalent temperature (PET). The findings show that scenarios with a higher percentage of trees exhibited the best reduction in air temperature, ranging from 0.2 k to 0.92 k. Additionally, the inclusion of trees and grass in the scenarios resulted in a substantial improvement in thermal performance, with an average reduction of 7.5 degrees in PET. Among the evaluated scenarios, the one comprising 75% trees and 50% grass exhibits the most noteworthy enhancement. This study underscores the significance of strategically positioning vegetation to coincide with prevailing wind patterns, thereby enhancing convective cooling mechanisms and improving overall thermal comfort levels. These insights offer valuable implications for urban planning and the development of sustainable design strategies.

Data analysis of non-linear radiative electro-periodic MHD flow past a stretching sheet with activation energy impact

Electro-periodic Magneto-hydrodynamics (EPMHD), activation energy, and non-linear radiation are pivotal elements in engineering and industry also contribute to advancements in fields like heat transfer, materials science, and chemical engineering. Through similarity transformation, governing partial differential equations simplify into ordinary differential equations. Precise computational solutions are derived using the Nachtsheim-Swigert shooting iteration method (NSSIM) and the reliable 6th-order Runge-Kutta integration algorithm (RKIA). The profiles of velocities, temperatures, concentrations, skin friction, heat and mass transfer rate are presented by graphically. The novel aspect of this research is that thermal performance is enhanced by non-linear radiation by around 2.28%, whereas linear radiation only produces a 0.28% improvement in thermal performance. Also the mass transfer rate experiences a decrease of about 25.76% with increasing chemical reactions in the presence of activation energy and a more substantial 62.22% reduction in its absence, notably showing a comparatively milder decline of 36.46% in the presence of activation energy than in its absence. Furthermore, this study yields three novel linear regression equations, skillfully derived from the numerical and graphical results. This research have practical applications in understanding and optimizing processes involving fluid dynamics, such as the behavior of certain materials or substances subjected to stretching or deformation.

Optical and thermal performance enhancement of parabolic dish collector: Effects of cavity receiver's surface modification and covering aperture

Regarding the increasing demand for renewable energy sources, especially solar energy, researchers are trying to develop more efficient solar energy systems. Parabolic dish collectors are solar thermal collectors that can be utilized in various thermal energy system applications. Cavity receivers of the dish collectors are one of the crucial parts of these collectors, and the studies on their thermal performance improvement and heat loss reduction are critical. The current study follows the experimental investigation of the glass covering of cylindrical-conical cavity receiver along with the cavity's coil surface modification with various geometries. According to the results, applying the glass covering enhanced the thermal efficiency by 18.42%, with a maximum thermal efficiency of 52.61% and optical efficiency of 57.89%. Rectangular-triangular geometry for the surface modification of the cavity's coil resulted in a maximum optical efficiency of 59.17%. Overall, rectangular geometry had the best thermal and optical efficiency enhancement results.

Simulation of Effect a Variable Height of Porous Absorber on Ventilation Solar Chimney Performance

The improvement in solar chimneys' thermal performance and thermal behavior that can be achieved by adding metal foam has been tested in computational work. The flow and heat transfer governing equations for solar chimney models were solved using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It was solved using the control volume numerical method in ANSYS FLUENT 14.5. It is used to construct a finite volume modeling technique for solving the governing equations and the radiation heat transfer equations. With standard flat absorber plates, the results showed that heat transmission was increased by the inclusion of metal foam (10 PPI), leading to an increase in air velocity at the solar chimney of around 13.3%. The highest average air velocity with 10 PPI drops by 54.4% as the height of the absorber plate changes from 5 cm to 25 cm respectively.

Thermo-mechanical analysis of microencapsulated phase change material incorporated in concrete pavement

This study investigates the potential of enhancing thermal performance in pavement concrete by integrating microencapsulated phase change materials (PCM@SiO2) using a Sol-gel process for encapsulation. With a concentration range from 0% to 20% in 5% increments, the effects of PCM@SiO2 on both the mechanical strength and thermal performance of concrete were evaluated. Although the addition of PCM@SiO2 resulted in a compromise in mechanical strength, significant improvements in thermal performance were observed, demonstrating a promising approach to mitigating temperature stresses and the urban heat island effect in pavement construction. This balance between mechanical and thermal properties underscores the potential of PCM incorporation as a strategic material choice for innovative urban development.

Aligning Net zero energy, carbon Neutrality, and regenerative concepts: An exemplary study of sustainable architectural practices

This paper introduces an innovative approach that combines Net Zero Energy (NZE), Net Zero Carbon (NZC), and Regenerative principles, redefining sustainable architecture in Iran. Focusing on a residential "attached house," the study employed strategies like thermal insulation, Low-E glass, shading, and renewable energy sources. Results show a 45 % improvement in thermal performance, reducing heating gas usage by over 42 % and electricity usage by 8 %. With shading, heating and cooling demands decreased by 51.7 % and 12.55 %, respectively. Swapping conventional walls for a thermal mass system led to a 74 % reduction in heating gas and a 17.2 % cut in cooling electricity. Additionally, PV systems supply up to 90 % of electricity needs. Environmental assessments revealed that the RM4 building achieved a 20 % reduction in environmental impacts, which increased to 65 % with PV systems and Solar Water heaters. All measures reduced the building's carbon offset by over 90 %, while greywater recycling and rainwater harvesting reduced water consumption emissions by 74 %. Using recycled materials, the Zero Carbon Buildings (ZCBs) model achieved a 68 % reduction in carbon emissions compared to the baseline and 27 % compared to the Zero Energy Building (ZEB) model, with a 67 % higher circularity.

The role of near-wall downdraught and asymmetric temperature distribution in dispersion of respiratory aerosols in radiant floor heating systems

In radiant floor heating (RFH) systems, the downdraught due to the asymmetric temperature distribution causes descending airflows towards the floor surface, where the warm air adjacent to the RFH system tends to be driven upwards by the buoyancy force. Hence, this conflict creates a zone that prevents the warm air to ascend affecting the streamlines of the indoor air. The present study aims to investigate the integrated effects of this phenomenon at different levels of the RFH temperature and thermal transmittance on the behaviour of indoor airborne particles (PMs2.5). In this context, a Eulerian-Lagrangian computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code is established, validated against experimental data, to address the dispersion and deposition patterns of PMs2.5. To generate different levels of the downdraught and non-uniform temperature distribution, five scenarios are considered regarding different thermal transmittance (U-value) levels, assessed for four RFH temperatures. Firstly, by introducing the near-wall and zonal spaces, the dispersion of particles in each scenario is evaluated. Then, the role of RFH system temperature in conjunction with each scenario is investigated. Finally, simple correlations are proposed allowing for fast evaluation of the decay rate coefficient of PMs2.5. According to the obtained results, the asymmetric temperature distribution causes a striking disparity in the zonal concentration of suspended PMs2.5, i.e., up to 32 % difference in the number of particles between quarters. It is shown that a faster decay rate of PMs2.5 is associated with a larger value of the characteristic temperature difference and the Rayleigh number (Ra). For a given RFH temperature, thermal performance improvement of the envelope reduces the number of deposited particles on the ceiling surface, whereas it gives a boost to the number of particles adhering to the floor. A sensitivity analysis on the results revealed that a 1 °C increment in the RFH temperature leads to an 8.4 % reduction on average in the number of suspended PMs2.5 in the breathing zone, regardless of the level of thermal transmittance from surrounding walls.

Preparation and thermal performance enhancement of roasted iron tailings based shape-stabilized phase change materials for thermal storage

A new type of shape-stabilized phase change material (SSPCM) was fabricated for thermal energy storage (TES) using a facile synthetic strategy. Lauric acid (LA) was synchronously incorporated into the structural framework of roasted iron tailings (RIT) and graphene nanoparticles (GNP), in which RIT and GNP served as an ideal compatible supporting matrix, meanwhile, GNP was employed as a superior thermal conductivity additive, and LA acted as the working medium. The leakage results of the prepared composites were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. The surface morphology, chemical structure, thermal properties, heat transfer efficiency, thermal reliability, and thermal stability of the prepared SSPCMs were examined systematically. The prepared LA/RIT/GNP (5%) SSPCM exhibited relatively excellent thermal performance, which can meet the requirement of the future applications. Particularly, compared to pure LA, the measured thermal conductivity of LA/RIT/GNP (5%) with the addition of GNP was 9.03 times higher. The heat transfer efficiency of SSPCM was augmented by 91.67%. The mechanism of the improvement in thermal performance was revealed by the analysis of the microstructure characteristic parameters. In conclusion, the prepared SSPCM not only has great value in the low-temperature field of TES but also provides a new approach for high-value use of solid waste tailings, which expands the conventional utilization of iron tailings with a high-value approach.

Improvement of thermal performance through nanofluids in industrial applications: A review on technical aspects

Nanofluids (NFs) have emerged as a transformative technology in industrial heat transfer applications due to their demonstrably superior thermal properties compared to conventional fluids. These engineered suspensions of nanoparticles in base fluids, including oil, ethylene glycol, or water exhibit significant enhancements in both conductive and convective heat transfer mechanisms. Their high surface area-to-volume ratio translates to exceptional heat exchange potential, making NFs ideally suited for real-world engineering applications. The performance of heat-transfer fluids may be greatly enhanced by NFs. This paper presents a summary to address the special properties of NFs, including their methods of synthesis, heat transfer processes, improvement of conduction and convection heat transfer, and maximizing heat exchange potential because of their high surface area relative to their volume. This paper also reviews the stability of NFs and the various methods to study their stability and their thermophysical characteristics. Finally, applications of NFs in various areas and industries are described, along with suggestions for future research that would encourage the rapid commercialization of NFs.

Experimental study on curved finned horizontal cylinders under natural convection

Radially finned cylinders under natural convection are widely used for reliable cooling of cylindrical electronic products, including LED lightings. These radially finned cylinders need to exhibit high cooling performance regardless of orientation, making the thermal performance when installed horizontally crucial. Consequently, there has been research on horizontal finned cylinders, including studies aimed at enhancing their thermal performance using perforated fins or cross-cut fins. However, systematic research on improving the thermal performance of horizontal finned cylinders under natural convection using curved fins has not been conducted. In this study, a systematic experimental investigation is conducted for the first time on the thermal performance of a curved finned horizontal cylinder under natural convection. Experiments are performed to measure the heat transfer rate from the finned cylinder to the surroundings, varying the cylinder temperature, fin number, and fin height. Based on the experimental results, a correlation for the Nusselt number is proposed, which can predict the convective heat transfer coefficient within a 10% error margin when the Rayleigh number is between 20 and 50000. The accuracy of the correlation proposed in this study is compared with the accuracy of correlations for various types of heat sinks that have been proposed in previous studies. While existing correlations exhibit significant errors and fail to predict the experimental results for curved-finned cylinders accurately, the correlation proposed in this study precisely predicts the experimental data. During this comparison of correlations, various characteristics of natural convection phenomena occurring in curved-finned cylinders are also examined. The proposed correlation is used to investigate the effects of fin height, fin number, and fin thickness on thermal performance. Additionally, using the proposed correlation, the optimal fin number and fin thickness for maximizing thermal performance are identified. Finally, the thermal performance of the curved finned horizontal cylinder is compared with that of a traditional finned horizontal cylinder, demonstrating that the former exhibits a 20% improvement in thermal performance over the latter.

Thermal performance augmentation in a pipe employing hybrid nanofluid and a plate as turbulator with V-shaped double-winglet ribs

This article employs a plate with V-shape ribs inside a tube as turbulator to augment the heat transfer rate. The utilized vortex generators are double-winglets arranged in a V-shape placed on both sides of the plate. The proposed system’s suggested working fluids are water-based hybrid nanofluids, including Al2O3–Cu/water, Cu–CuO/water, and Cu–TiO2/water. This work involves a numerical evaluation of the effects of the type and volume concentration of the examined hybrid nanofluids on the enhancement of heat transfer. The experimental results are used to validate the numerical model. It is worth mentioning that all the obtained numerical results are compared with the simple tube, without any turbulator (vortex generator) and in the presence of water instead of the hybrid nanofluids. Based on the numerical results, it can be concluded that all employed hybrid nanofluids showed improved thermal performance compared to pure water. Furthermore, the differences between the models are more substantial for higher Reynolds numbers than for lower Reynolds numbers. In Re = 30,000, the Cu–TiO2/water exhibits the lowest thermal performance improvement (augmentation of about 0.3%), while the Cu–CuO/water at Re = 50,000 exhibits the largest thermal performance improvement (augmentation of approximately 5.7%), in the case of ∅1 = ∅2 = 0.5%. For ∅1 = ∅2 = 1%, the Cu–TiO2/water at Re = 30,000 has the lowest thermal performance improvement (augmentation of around 1.1%), while the Cu–CuO/water at Re = 50,000 has the most thermal performance improvement (augmentation of roughly 8.7%). According to the augmentation of around 2.8% at Re = 30,000 for Cu–TiO2/water and approximately 10.8% at Re = 50,000 for Cu–CuO/water, the thermal performance increase in the scenario of ∅1 = ∅2 = 1.5% is the lowest. In Conclusion, the Cu–CuO/water hybrid nanofluid with a volume concentration of ∅1 = ∅2 = 1.5% has the greatest thermal performance value of all the hybrid nanofluids studied.

Thermal performance and experimental analysis of stainless steel flat plate solar collector with full-flow channels

The thermal performance of a flat plate solar collector (FPSC) is a critical indicator that depends on the environment, operational parameters, and dimensions. This study examines the impact of size on thermal performance improvement mechanisms. Firstly, numerical simulation models are introduced as the foundation for optimization research. This involves analyzing the flow resistance of microchannels and defining their structural parameters. Furthermore, experimental tests were conducted on a stainless steel flat plate solar collector (S/S FPSC) with the best design parameters to validate the accuracy of the mathematical model during the design phase. The results indicate that increasing the width of the microchannel and the height of corrugations can effectively enhance the thermal performance of the S/S FPSC. The momentary efficiency is projected to reach a remarkable 86.10% under ideal circumstances. Additionally, a mathematical expression was proposed to establish the relationship between the surrounding conditions and the momentary efficiency of the S/S FPSC. Moreover, the microchannel comprises S/S material, maintaining a homogeneous temperature distribution to maximize heat absorption. The use of stainless steel also extends the lifespan of the FPSC.

Numerical investigation on flow characteristics and thermal performance of phase change material in spherical capsules with smooth or dimpled surfaces

The utilization of phase change spherical capsules with dimpled surfaces in a packed-bed latent thermal energy storage (PLTES) system provides a novel approach to addressing the intermittency and fluctuation in solar thermal utilization processes. In the context of accounting for wall effects, a comparative analysis of the flow characteristics and thermal performance of smooth and dimpled spherical phase-change capsules is conducted using the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and an enthalpy-porosity method. Results show that the dimpled spherical capsule exhibits a substantial improvement in thermal performance compared to the smooth spherical capsule, with a maximum increase of 28.3 % in time-averaged Nusselt number when the difference in time-averaged drag coefficient is within 2 %. Compared to the smooth spherical capsules, the transient characteristics of dimpled spherical capsules exhibit significant changes, with the fluctuation amplitude of the drag coefficient and the fluctuation frequency of the lift coefficient both increasing by approximately twice. The local heat transfer performance also exhibits significant differences. The increase in surface temperature enhances the melting rate of PCM inside spherical capsules, but with the temperature rise, the enhancement efficiency decreases. The dimpled structure has a promoting effect on the melting process of PCM inside spherical capsules, and with the increase in surface temperature, this promoting effect becomes more pronounced. The time for PCM to achieve complete melting can be reduced by up to 19.07 %. The work contributes a novel idea for the application of non-smooth structures in PLTES systems.