Improper Use Of Medications Research Articles

Perception on Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRS) of Commonly Used Medication among Non-Allied Health Foreign Students in University of Perpetual Help System Dalta, Las Piñas Campus

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) pose significant health challenges globally and are responsible for a considerable proportion of hospital admissions and healthcare costs. Among non-allied health foreign students at the University of Perpetual Help System DALTA (UPHSD) in Las Piñas, concerns have emerged regarding ADRs resulting from the use of commonly available over-the-counter (OTC) medications. This study investigates the perception of ADRs among non-allied health foreign students on the UPHSD Las Piñas campus, focusing on their awareness of the potential effects of commonly used medications. Aim: The study aims to access the perception on adverse drug reaction of commonly used medication among non-allied health foreign students in UPHSD Las Piñas Campus. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among non-allied health foreign students enrolled at UPHSD-LP. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data from the participants. Chi square test was used to explore the relationship between the demographic characteristics of the students and their perceptions of ADRs. Results: The study found that non-allied health foreign students at UPHSD Las Piñas generally lack knowledge about ADRs. Data analysis revealed a low level of awareness and reporting of ADRs among the respondents, with no significant relationship found between the students' demographic profiles and their perceptions of ADRs. Conclusion: The study concluded that non-allied health foreign students at UPHSD Las Piñas campus have limited knowledge about ADRs, which leads to underreporting of adverse effects and improper medication use. This lack of awareness is a concern given the prevalence of ADRs and their potentially severe consequences.

Challenges of the Regional Anesthetic Techniques in Intensive Care Units - A Narrative Review.

Effective pain management is vital for critically ill patients, particularly post-surgery or trauma, as it can mitigate the stress response and positively influence morbidity and mortality rates. The suboptimal treatment of pain in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients is often due to a lack of education, apprehensions about side effects, and improper use of medications. Hence, the engagement of pain management and anesthesiology experts is often necessary. While opioids have been traditionally used in pain management, their side effects make them less appealing. Local anesthetics, typically used for anesthesia and analgesia in surgical procedures, have carved out a unique and crucial role in managing pain and other conditions in critically ill patients. This work aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the role, advantages, challenges, and evolving practices related to the use of local anesthetics in ICUs. The ability to administer local anesthetics continuously makes them a suitable choice for controlling pain in the upper and lower extremities, with fewer side effects. Epidural analgesia is likely the most used regional analgesic technique in the ICU setting. It is primarily indicated for major abdominal and thoracic surgeries, trauma, and oncology patients. However, it has contraindications and complications, so its use must be carefully weighed. Numerous challenges exist regarding critically ill patients, including renal and hepatic failure, sepsis, uremia, and the use of anticoagulation therapy, which affect the use of regional anesthesia for pain management. Appropriate timing and indication are crucial to maximizing the benefits of these methods. The advent of new technologies, such as ultrasonography, has improved the safety and effectiveness of neuraxial and peripheral nerve blocks, making them feasible options even for heavily sedated patients in ICUs.

Analysis of factors related to medicine consumption pattern in pregnant women (Field study at Jagir Public Health Center, Surabaya in 2023)

Medications can have unintended effects on the fetus during pregnancy. During pregnancy, a woman may experience various complaints or health problems that require medication. Improper use of medication during pregnancy and inadequate nutrient intake can cause structural and functional abnormalities. Congenital anomalies occur in 3–4% of pregnancies, and in addition, improper medication use has been estimated to be the cause of abnormalities in 10% of births [1].This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with medication use patterns in pregnant women in the Jagir Public Health Centre Surabaya, in relation to the history of health problems experienced by the mother before pregnancy, complaints experienced by the mother during pregnancy, the status of consultation by pregnant women to health workers, and the status of recommendation of close people of pregnant women regarding the use of certain medications during pregnancy. The research method used was observational with a cross-sectional research design. Data collection was carried out in June-September 2023, using purposive sampling, with the research subjects being pregnant women in the working area of the Jagir Public Health Centre Surabaya. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire for the use of medication in pregnant women that has been tested for validity and reliability. Statistical data analysis used Chi-Square test with a significance level of 5% and the help of SPSS 25.0 software. The results of the study showed that of the total respondents of 122 pregnant women, 17.2% had a history of health problems before pregnancy, 49.2% had complaints experienced during pregnancy, but 91.8% of respondents had consulted with health workers and 56.6% had received recommendations from close people regarding the use of certain medications. Pregnant women who received and consumed prescription drugs were 16.4%, had consumed over-the-counter drugs 23%, consumed herbal 24.6%, and consumed supplements 97.5%. The results of the Chi-Square test showed that there was a significant effect on the relationship between the mother's medical history and the pattern of prescription drug consumption (p = 0.000), the complaints experienced by the mother during pregnancy with the pattern of prescription drug and over-the-counter drug consumption (p = 0.042; 0.000), the status of recommendation of close people of pregnant women with the pattern of over-the-counter drug and herbal consumption (p = 0.000; 0.001). From this study showed that the factors that influence the medication use patterns of pregnant women included the mother's history of health problems before pregnancy, the complaints experienced by the mother during pregnancy, and the status of recommendation from the close people of pregnant women.

Modern View on the Problem of Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Environmental pollution, repeated artificial termination of pregnancy, and improper use of medications create conditions for the development of breast cancer (BC). According to the World Health Organization, “... throughout the world, breast cancer ranks first among malignant neoplasms in women and is characterized by high mortality. According to statistics, about 1.67 million new cases are diagnosed annually in the world, more than 571 thousand women die from breast cancer...” 1According to the literature, “...triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for about 8-20% of all breast tumors, more often found in women before menopause, with early menarche, with the first pregnancy at an earlier age, with a short period of breastfeeding and increased body mass index ..." 2 . Frequent recurrence of the disease as a result of inadequate diagnosis and treatment, as well as the search for methods of its prevention are one of the pressing problems facing physicians.

Investigation of the link between the type and concentrations of heavy metals and other elements in blood and urinary stones and their association to the environmental factors and dietary pattern

BackgroundKidney and urinary tract stones are among the most common and important health problems, the prevalence of which is increasing nowadays due to a sedentary lifestyle, improper nutrition, destructive habits in fluid consumption, and improper use of medications. One of the causing factors in the formation of urinary stones is heavy metals. These metals present in tiny amounts in the environment and enter the nature and food cycle due to industrial activities and practices that are not compliant with environmental laws. MethodsIn this context, the present case-control study was conducted to determine the concentrations of heavy metals and other urinary stone-forming elements in both blood and urinary stones and investigate their relationship with environmental factors and dietary patterns in people with urinary stones in Ardabil city in 2022. The sampling of blood and urinary stones was done randomly from patients with urinary stones who were admitted to the Urology Clinic of Imam Reza Hospital, Ardabil. ICP-MS was used to measure the concentrations of heavy metals in the samples. The obtained data were analysed by chi-square test, ANOVA test, t-test, and Tukey test. ResultsThe body mass index (BMI) was 27.39 ± 3.72 in the case group and 26.37 ± 2.95 in the control group. The copper and selenium concentrations in blood and urinary stones were higher than in other metals. There was a significant relationship between the history of kidney stones and the probability of developing kidney stones. Moreover, a meaningful relationship was found between the concentration of lead element and the formation of kidney stones. The results showed a significant difference in the concentration of nickel and copper in people who consumed vegetables on a daily basis with those with different types of kidney stones. ConclusionThe comparison amongst the concentration of heavy metals in various kinds of urinary stones showed that the amount of lead metal was higher in calcium phosphate stones than in calcium oxalate stones.

Highlighting the Issues Associated with Glaucoma Medication Therapy: A Pharmaceutical Care Evaluation

Background: Drug therapy problems are the main obstacle in the management of chronic diseases. Improper use of medications and non-adherence to medication use are regarded as major factors halting the management of glaucoma. Aim: The present study was designed to shed light on the problems associated with medication therapy for patients with glaucoma in Sulaimani City. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on fifty patients with glaucoma. Questionnaires were used for demographic data, the patient’s quality of life, and adherence. Patients were assessed for dry eye by using Schirmer’s test type 1. Drug therapy problems (DTPs) and drug interactions were checked using the Medscape interaction database. Results: 60% of the patients were washing their hands before administering eye drops. The majority of patients had the correct position of the head during the administration. While 60% of the patients were closing their eyes after the administration for 2 or 3 minutes. Regarding adherence, only 24% of patients were perfectly adherent to medication use. Noncompliance with their treatments and adverse drug reactions were the most commonly observed DTPs. Thirty-seven of the patients had a metallic taste, and the most common type of drug interactions were significant interactions. Conclusion: The absence of pharmaceutical care has led to many problems associated with the improper use of antiglaucoma drugs. Pharmacists may play a pivotal role in improving the outcomes of patients with glaucoma.

The Evaluation of the Prevalence of Improper Medication Use in Patients Age of 65 and over in Internal Diseases and Neurology Intensive Care Units in Terms of Stopp-Start Criteria

The Evaluation of the Prevalence of Improper Medication Use in Patients Age of 65 and over in Internal Diseases and Neurology Intensive Care Units in Terms of Stopp-Start Criteria

The Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of the BioFire FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel in Children: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Abstract Objective Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) declined after implementing conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type B and the pneumococcal vaccines worldwide. However, it still contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. The Biofire FilmArray Meningitis Encephalitis (FAME) panel can rapidly diagnose common bacterial and viral pathogens. Several studies suggested that the use of FAME may accelerate diagnosis and decrease the time to pathogen-specific therapy. However, the clinical utility is still controversial due to scarce data and relatively high costs. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of FAME in children. Methods A retrospective multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate FAME in diagnosing ABM in children with a suspected central nervous system infection between January 2017 and May 2021. Results This study consisted of 179 children diagnosed with central nervous system infection who had parallel testing done using FAME and traditional microbiological diagnostic methods. Twenty-two FAME results were positive; 8 (36.3%) were bacterial pathogens and 14 (53.7%) were viral pathogens. The most common viral pathogen was human herpesvirus 6 (n = 6; 27.2%), followed by herpes simplex virus 1 (n = 4; 18.1%), Enterovirus spp. (n = 2; 9%), Parechovirus (n = 2; 9%), and Cytomegalovirus (n = 1; 4.5%). Bacterial pathogens included S. pneumoniae (n = 3; 13.6%), H. influenzae (n = 3; 13.6%), Neisseria meningitidis (n = 1; 4.5%), and Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 1; 4.5%). Bacterial culture confirmed S. pneumoniae infection in only 1 of 8 (12.5%) patients, while 7 of 8 bacterial meningitis were only detected by FAME. Conclusion FAME may also help with diagnosis and pathogen identification in patients who have already had antibiotics before cerebrospinal fluid collection. The use of FAME to detect infections quickly may minimize the improper use of medications, treatment duration, and the cost of hospitalization.

THE EVALUATION OF HEALTH SCHOOL STUDENTS RATIONAL DRUG USE KNOWLEDGE AND HABITS

Unnecessary and improper medication use are problems that affect public health negatively. In our country, a significant portion of health expenditures is spent on medications. This study was aimed to evaluate the rational drug use knowledge and behaviors of students at Siirt University Health School. The study was carried out face to face with the participation of 568 students. The survey was carried out with the method of application under observation. The research population in which the questionnaire could be applied consisted of 980 students. Participation in the survey required volunteering. A questionnaire form was applied to students about their rational drug use information. Data were analyzed descriptively and independent T-test using SPSS 22. 0 package program. The students stated that they kept the residual drugs after the treatment in 51.6% to use when they were needed, and they kept the cold chain drugs at 58.3% on the cover of the refrigerator. When they wanted to use the drugs again, 34.1% do not want to take medicine if they are not ill. It is recorded that the painkillers are the first medicine to be found at home when it will be needed, the second is antibiotics and the 3rd is the ointments. 73.6% of the students do not use medication prescribed by the advice of their neighbors or relatives. 71.5% of the students said no to the question of if they recommend drugs to their relatives. 62.6% of the students stated that they did not use antibiotics and vitamins by themselves. 58.5% of the students learn the knowledge of medication use from the medication prospectus. 4.8% of the students accept the equivalent medications that were recommended by the pharmacist. It has been learned that students should increase their knowledge and behavior levels related to rational drug use. Wrong and unnecessary use of drugs can be prevented by explaining the side effects, active substances in drugs, and how they affect metabolism at the molecular level.

GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

It remains a challenge to diagnose and treat gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) and GER disease (GERD) in infants and children. Together with Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Database, the published guidelines and position papers were reviewed and summarized in order to suggest a realistic GER and GERD strategy and management for healthcare providers and to standardize and enhance the quality of care for infants and children. Two algorithms were developed for this purpose, 1 for infants <12 months of age and the other for older children. None of the signs and symptoms of GER and GERD are unique and there is no screening test or tool for a gold standard. As a first-line approach, nutritional management is recommended in babies, while for early management, a clinical trial with antacid medication is recommended in children. The aim of the realistic recommendations of this review is to optimize GER management in infants and older children and to minimize the number of investigations and the improper use of medication.
 Keywords: Gastro-esophageal reflux, Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Esophagitis, Endoscopy, Impedance, Proton pump inhibitors, pH.

Using Quality Tools to Improve Medication Safety in AL-Herafeen Healthcare Unit in Port Fouad City

Background: Drug safety is among the hottest issues of everyday clinical medicine. A medication error is a preventable incident that can trigger improper use of medication or injury to patients. Aim of the study: to identify medication error types, apply quality standards in organizing the workplace, establish a risk management plan and achieve timely, effective and efficient medication use in our healthcare unit especially in the pharmacy, reduce the rate of medication errors especially dispensing and transcription errors and establish a process for identifying and tracking medication errors. Materials and Methods: Sum of improvement quality tools were used such as brainstorming, Pareto chart, control charts, histogram, bar chart, checklist, SWOT analysis, cause-effect diagram, and benchmarking. Results: After following up the medication errors, it was noticed that the percentage of medication errors reached 35% in June 2020, with dispensing errors reached 60% of errors and pharmacy represented 60% of errors in the healthcare unit. It was noticed that the small size of the pharmacy storage area represented 50% of errors. A risk management plan was done and requirements were budgeted for closing an empty space. Conclusion: The percentage of medication errors was increased in Al-Herafeen Healthcare Unit especially in the last month. The most common type was dispensing errors and the majority of errors noticed to be in the pharmacy. The factor that most significantly influences safe medication use in the pharmacy is the limited space and storage area, so it's a priority to find a solution for the narrow space.

The importance of the rational use of medicines in pharmaceutical attention politics and the prevention of the population of self-medication

Improper use of medications and self-medication are public health problems due to drug interactions, intoxications and delay in medical diagnosis. The objective was to discuss the importance of the rational use of medicines in the pharmaceutical care policies and the pharmacist's action to prevent self-medication practices by the population. This is a literature review of scientific articles published between 2005 and 2015 in the databases and virtual library, Scielo, LILACS and BVS. Self-medication is practiced by the adult, the elderly, and the child, and anti-inflammatories and analgesics are the most commonly used medications. Self-medication is practiced by the adult, the elderly, and the child, and anti-inflammatories and analgesics are the most commonly used medications. Pharmaceutical care reduces drug related problems, contributing to rational use and reducing the practice of self-medication for the population.

Powered endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), raising the bars

Abstract Introduction: This study is done to assess the efficacy of powered endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) with large bony ostium exposing of fundus of sac and primary mucosal anastomosis. The study involved prospective interventional case series with short perioperative follow up. Materials and Methods: Operative and postoperative data were prospectively collected on 42 patients (15 men and 27women; mean age, 62.4 y; range 14–91 y) who presented to a lacrimal clinic with epiphora and obstruction of the nasolacrimal system and who consecutively underwent either primary or revision powered endoscopic DCR. All surgeries done by the same surgeon by standardized surgical technique. Follow?up evaluations included symptom evaluation and endoscopic assessment of the newly created ostium with fluorescein testing at each postoperative visit. Results: The only surgical complication was one case of sub cutaneous emphysema. 39 of the 42 DCRs had anatomically patent naso lacrimal duct after a mean follow?up of 12 months (standard deviation = 5 months), yielding a success rate of 95.7%. Out of three failures two had closed ostium because of improper use of medications, one patient had granulation tissue at the ostium. Two patients with a patent ostium had functional block and continued to have some symptoms. Conclusion: Powered endoscopic DCR which meets the with full sac exposure and primary mucosal apposition has a success rate comparable to that achieved with external DCR. Keywords: Endonasal DCR, Powered DCR, Dacryocystorhinostomy. Introduction Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is surgical procedure done for epiphora due to nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO), which involves creating a fistulous opening between lacrimal sac and nasal cavity at the level of middle meatus. There are various procedures to create this ostium that is external DCR, endoscopic nasal DCR, laser DCR. The most accepted are external and endonasal DCR. Endonasal DCR in

Advocating for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: How to Navigate the Prior Authorization Process.

In an effort to manage health care costs and avoid improper medication use, prior authorizations (PAs) have become a standard stipulation required by payers in the determination of medication coverage. For gastroenterologists managing patients, especially those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the PA process is time-consuming and further complicated by 2 additional factors: step therapy requirements and failure of payers to recognize updated IBD treatment pathways. These factors often lead to PA denials and cause treatment delays, which in turn can lead to disease progression, ongoing patient suffering, and ultimately an increase in both direct and indirect total costs. In this manuscript, the PA process, PA models, tips and available resources to navigate the PA process, and future advocacy efforts are discussed with the intent to help gastroenterology practices optimize PA outcomes and improve the care provided to patients with IBD and other gastrointestinal disorders.

Positive Effects of Acupuncture on Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis, or allergic eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition which is noncontagious and leads to itchy, dry skin lesions that can damage the intact skin barrier. Although the etiology is not known, it is widely believed that family history and allergies play a role. The incidence of atopic dermatitis is usually higher in early childhood, while other allergic conditions can develop later in life, such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. Atopic dermatitis is typically treated through topical ointments and the systematic use of pharmaceuticals to control symptoms. Long term or improper use of medications can lead to other complications. When symptoms of the condition are chronic or recurring, they can seriously impact one’s quality of life, resulting in many patients seeking alternative care.

561 Analysis of unsuccessful treatment of lifelong premature ejaculation with dapoxetine

Dapoxetine is the initial treatment option for lifelong premature ejaculation(LPE). Nevertheless, unsuccessful treatment rates of up to 15-30 % have been reported. This study presents the analysis of failure and clinical outcome of LPE with dapoxetine. To discuss the unsuccessful reasons LPE with dapoxetine and the preventive methods of the unsuccessful clinic cases to dapoxetine. The retrospective analysis was carried on 30 LPE patients from April 2016 to July 2017 who were suffered from lifelong premature ejaculation with unsuccessful results. Pre-assessment included history, physical examination, diagnostic measure (Premature Ejaculation DiagnosticTool [PEDT]),and Psychological Factors. The average age at the time of LPE was 32.52 years (range, 18-55 years). Three main reasons for failure after treatment could be identified: failure to consider course of treatment(12/30), psychological problems, particularly severe anxiety(9/30), not enough doses(4/30);The rest of unrealistic patient expectations (4/30), other (1/30). It is necessary to select course, dose and psychological counseling for preventing the occurring of the unsuccessful results. Treatment failures might be due to the severity of the underlying pathophysiology, improper use of medication, unrealistic patient expectations, severe performance anxiety, and other psychological problems. Physicians must address these issues to identify true treatment failures attributable to the dapoxetine.

Improper Medication Use By The Aged Population In Bahria Town, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

Improper Medication Use By The Aged Population In Bahria Town, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

Diş Hekimliğinde Akılcı Farmakoterapi Düzenleme Süreci

Unnecessary or improper use of medications is a common worldwide problem. Inadequate approach of doctors to the rational use of medicine (RUM) principles and lack of its educational process are main reasons of this problem. RUM defined as “patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and their community”. Dentists prescribe serious amount of medication, which is mostly analgesics and antibiotics. Therefore, informing dentists and dissemination of RUM among them is an urgent issue. This article points out, “how to manage overall treatment process based on RUM principles next by a patient on the dental practice”. In additionally, that is carried out by a simulation case requiring an analgesic drug treatment. Therefore, suitability of the drug with the patient, which is going to be prescribed after dental procedure with the correct diagnosis, will be assessed. Illness, treatment aim, participants and adaptation with the life style are explained to the patients. Dentist makes instructions and recommendations clearly about the pharmacotherapy process and informs the patient. Therefore, they integrate the patient to the overall treatment process and manage it.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self Medication among Pharmacy Students of Rift Valley University, Abichu Campus, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Introduction: Now a day’s self-medication practice is increasing widely due to availability of variety of over the counter medications. Self-medication practice is expected to be higher in health science students due to their exposure to knowledge about different diseases and drugs. If self-medication is used properly it saves time and money spent. Improper self-medication practice or medication abuse may lead to serious adverse drug reactions and possibly fatal consequences and emergence of antibiotic resistant. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication among Pharmacy Students in Rift Valley University of the Abichu campus. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted using self-administered questionnaires which comprise 7 parts among pharmacy students (year one to five) who were available during the study period (January 1st to February 1st, 2017). Descriptive statistics was used to describe the frequency of variables contained in the questionnaire. Results: Six hundred forty students were included in the study, of these 443 students were participated. A total of 400 students filled properly and returned the questionnaire. Among the participants, 218 (54.5%) were females with the prevalent age group of 26-35 years 202 (50.2%). Nearly half of the respondents 189 (47.3%) didn’t know the medication classification of OTC and prescription only drugs. About 165 (41.3%) had information about the medication classification of OTC and prescription only drugs. The most frequently reported self-medication symptom was fever/ headache (69.3%) followed by gastric pain (67.5%). The three main reasons for self-medication were non-seriousness, quick relief and emergency use accounting for 81.3%, 70.3%, and 45.8% respectively. Among the respondents, 109 (27.3%) had not practiced self-medication. 262 (65.5%) had visited physicians for the illnesses encountered whereas 52 (13.0%) had taken no action and others 291 (72.8) used pure self-medication from pharmacy or drug vendor without prescription. Paracetamol (92.0%), antacids (71.8%) and antibiotic (66.8%) were the most frequently consumed medication among the participants. The main source of information during self-medication was reading material (56.3%) followed by advice from pharmacist (43.8%), and advice from physician/nurses without prescription (38.8%). More than half of the respondents agreed that the practice of self-medication is part of self-care in the study. Conclusion and Recommendation: A significant number of students were identified to practice self-medication and nearly half of the respondents have no knowledge about OTC and prescriptions only drugs. Prevalence of selfmedication increases as year of study increases. This may be due to increased study exposure to diseases and medications. Students should be aware that improper use of medications can lead to drug resistance, toxicity, and increased side effects.

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Adults in Jeddah about Food interaction

Cultural beliefs and practices, and improper use of medications of Saudis may be associated with poor nutritional status. The purpose of this study was assess knowledge, attitude and practice of Saudi adults regarding possible effects of selected food combinations, and effects of medications on nutritional status, in association with gender, age and educational level. A questionnaire was constructed to include demographic information, some food combinations culturally avoided, or scientifically known to adversely affect nutritional status, possible interactions of food with medications, sources of information, and personal experience of adverse effects following certain food combinations. Subjects were recruited from public areas to complete the questionnaire. An electronic version was distributed through social network. A total of 998 questionnaires were completed, with 60.9% females, 66.5% ≤25 years of age, and 75.6% having university degree. Women, and subjects with ≥ secondary school education had significantly higher knowledge score (P= 0.007, and 0.01 respectively). The majority of participants did not know food combinations that can adversely affect nutritional status, especially those having < secondary school certificate. Significantly higher proportion of subjects > 40 years of age believed in traditional taboos (P= 0.038). Attitude was affected by gender. Hearsay and media were major sources of information, with higher percentage of females intentionally seeking knowledge. Nutritional knowledge is poor among Saudis, with folklore, and media being main sources. This might contribute to the increased prevalence of nutrition related diseases. Nutrition education programmes should be introduced early in life through different channels.