Important Role Of Universities Research Articles

The Current Status and Strategies of University Human Resources Management

With the continuous development of my country's economy and society, university education has become an important part of national development, which also makes the cultivation of university talents and the improvement of education quality an important content. Our country’s education system is constantly changing, universities must carry out institutional reforms in a timely manner. As a place for cultivating talents, human resource management (HRM) plays an important role in universities. University HRM focuses on treating faculty as a resource with potential, emphasizing the construction and training of talent teams, and promoting the coordinated development of various tasks through scientific management. The article elaborates on the university faculty, talent training, performance evaluation and international competition, analyzes the current status of HRM in universities in my country, and puts forward suggestions on how to improve university HRM.

Challenges of Implementing Character Education Based on Islamic Values in the Independent Campus Learning Curriculum (MBKM)

Character education based on Islamic values ​​in the higher education curriculum is increasingly becoming an interesting topic of debate in contemporary education. This article aims to determine the challenges and opportunities faced in implementing character education based on Islamic values ​​in higher education, using qualitative methods through literature studies and searches. This research explores the concept of Islamic-based character education, analyzes the challenges faced in its implementation, and identifies opportunities to strengthen this approach in higher education curricula. The results of the analysis show that although there are various challenges, such as integrating Islamic values ​​into the secular curriculum, public perception of Islamic education, and limited resources, there are also significant opportunities, such as increasing awareness of the importance of character-based on Islamic values. education, support from Islamic educational institutions, and the important role of universities in shaping students' personalities and morals. These findings imply the need for a holistic and integrated approach to overcoming challenges and seizing opportunities to strengthen character education based on Islamic values ​​in higher education environments.

Enfrentamento à Covid-19: união de esforços para combater a disseminação do vírus

A pandemia do novo coronavírus surpreendeu todo mundo com seu início abrupto e capacidade de disseminação entre as pessoas. A lavagem das mãos é uma das medidas mais eficazes para prevenir o contágio pelo SARS-CoV-2, mas nem sempre é possível em função de demandar o uso de agua e sabão. Nesse contexto, uso do álcool etílico emerge como estratégia alternativa à higienização com água e sabão pela praticidade do uso e efetividade de ação contra o vírus. Considerando o importante papel das universidades na formação de novos profissionais, engajados com melhoria das condições sociais, e seu compromisso com a comunidade em situações de vulnerabilidade, este estudo tem por objetivo relatar a experiência da Farmácia Universitária da Universidade Federal de Alfenas no desenvolvimento de uma ação de Extensão para produção, fracionamento, envase e rotulagem de álcool etílico com fins de emprego nos serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde e demais órgãos públicos destinados ao atendimento da população.

Developing and Implementing a Laboratory Safety Course Focusing on Biodiesel and Biolubricants to Train Student Researchers and Promote Safety Culture

One of the most general aims of universities is to respond to the requirements of society. Health and safety are the most important aspects of professional work and play an important role in universities, as there, future professionals are trained for their future professional life. Scientific and technical degrees require adaptation to this circumstance by offering risks prevention courses. Although students receive formation about risk prevention during their degree, they might face new and specific risks when they research to prepare their final degree project. Thus, information and training is important at this stage. The aim of this work is to propose a chemical safety course for students that carry out their final degree project in a laboratory devoted to the study of biodiesel and biolubricants. Thus, the steps included are general and specific information and training. The initiative allowed for the development of a useful tool that has been proven to be suitable to identify incidents and to promote safety culture.

Awareness and attitude of students and professors of medical sciences universities toward social determinants of health: Design and preliminary psychometrics of a questionnaire.

BACKGROUND AND AIM:Considering the important role of universities in advancing educational, social, cultural, economic, and political affairs and given the significant and effective role of social determinants of health (SDH) in personal and social life, this study aimed to design a preliminary questionnaire to assess the awareness and attitude of students and professors of relevant medical sciences departments toward the SDH.METHODS:This is a descriptive survey study of the instrumentation type and is done on the students and professors of Isfahan and Kashan medical sciences universities in 2019. The content and face validity of the questionnaire were assessed. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the correlation coefficient for each question as well as the total score of the questionnaire were reported for this attitude measurement questionnaire. The difficulty coefficient, optimum difficulty level, discrimination coefficient, and the relevant variance were calculated for every question in the awareness measurement questionnaire.RESULTS:The internal consistency of the questionnaire for the awareness toward the SDH for 15 questions was 0.742. This consistency was acceptable for 18 questions in the attitude measurement questionnaire after omitting two questions with not appropriate distinguishing ability. The difficulty level of the questions was relatively high.CONCLUSION:Given that no tool was observed in the search strategy to measure the SDH, therefore, the design and psychometrics of such a tool can be used to measure the awareness and attitude of the target audiences; since this tool had an acceptable validity and reliability at its initial stages, researchers are suggested to apply it for standardization in different academic societies.

MIGRATION PARADIGM IN GERMANY IN 2000S: CHANGE OF PRIORITIES

The given paper touches upon the problem of German migration policy in contemporary period. The on-going processes allow us to conclude that the German migration paradigm has been changing as well as one of the most successful states in the European Union and as a state endowed with the greatest peace load after the crisis of 2008. The study gives the main qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the German migration policy in the 2000s. First of all, it is characterized by changes in the geography of migration flows. In 2004, with ten new countries entering the EU, the inflow of migrants from Eastern Europe countries began to increase. During this period, the number of immigrants from Poland has almost doubled. After Bulgaria and Romania joined the EU, the number of people from these countries also increased by more than three times. At the period of 2008 crisis, the inflow of migrants from Italy, Spain, Greece and the Balkan countries intensified; the number of migrants from Croatirapidly increasedafter this country joined the EU in 2013. The author analyzes the qualitative composition of migrants and concludes that, from the beginning of the 21st century, the working migration, having dominated for many decades, is gradually changing in favor of skilled workers’ migration. The important role of universities in order to attract highly qualified specialists is substantiated. The migration impact on the labor market is studied with a special attention. It is due to the fact that, when arriving in the country and getting the opportunity to apply skills and realize their human capital, a migrant becomes a kind of investor in the hosting country economy, contributing to its growth. One of its main advantages is that, already having a certain set of knowledge and skills (the hosting country does not need to pay for his education), he can generate new knowledge, create innovations, thereby increasing the competitiveness of the recipient country economy. Germany has a policy of attracting highly qualified migrants to the country. The paper touches upon the innovations in the migration policy of Germany in the 21st century. A “Blue Card” has been introduced for highly qualified professionals in accordance with the EU directive and labor market regulation has been changed. The need to reduce the number of legal restrictions for migrants from third countries, and to improve attitudes towards migrants, despite the failure of the multiculturalism policy, is indicated too. There are still many obstacles to immigrants’active participation in the labor market, such language difficulties, differences in educational systems, and lack of information about vacancies.

Developing a Specialized Service Quality Model for Universities

Given the important role of universities in economic, social, cultural, and political dimensions, it is vital to ensure optimal quality of their performance in order to prevent loss of human and material capital and to maximize their competitiveness. This study develops a model for assessing perceived quality of universities and explains the outcomes of perceived quality among students. Results show that quality of lecturers, prestige, connection with outside world, extra-curriculum activities, research potential, responsiveness, facilities, design and ambiance, and diversity are considered components of perceived quality. Students with higher perceived university quality will make greater efforts to grow the brand.

Multilinguismo nas ciências ambientais: Ahora ya! (Multilingualism in environmental sciences: it's about time!).

Multilinguismo nas ciências ambientais: Ahora ya! (Multilingualism in environmental sciences: it's about time!).

Education of the next generation of managers in context of green economy

This paper deals with the issue of education for sustainable development of the generation of future managers in the context of the green economy. The paper analyses the need for environmental education of graduates in theoretical way who are expected to act as executives and in positions which are defined as Green Enhanced Skills Occupations or shortly Green Jobs and who should be able to apply the tools of environmental protection in a business sector, municipalities or third sector. The essential part of the article presents the partial results of the research, which was focused on finding whether students of economic universities are aware of issue of sustainable development and environmental policy tools, which can help the implementation of green economy in the practice and whether this issue is taught at universities. At the end of the article authors point out the important role of universities in preparing the future managers to work in the green economy.

Analysis and evaluation of alumni’s entrepreneurial potential: A comparative study of public and private universities of Tehran

Regarding the important role of universities in entrepreneurship education (as the economic development engine) and their changing role, in this study the capabilities of both public and private universities for entrepreneurial education across the city of Tehran are compared by a survey study. A questionnaire designed for measuring the entrepreneurship potential (EP) (defined as the extent of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors) of alumni’ and data has been gathered from 248 alumni’s of selected universities across Tehran by nonparametric tests then hypotheses are tested. Results show that the universities capabilities to deliver proper people to society are significantly different from public to private universities. A comprehensive model of involvement to entrepreneurship for universities is proposed in the last section of this paper. Key words: Entrepreneurship, corporate entrepreneurship, university, entrepreneurship potential.

Learning Style Preferences of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Speech Pathology Students: A Comparative Study

Purpose: Educating future health care practitioners is an important role of universities. Optimal learning environments consider how students learn and utilise various teaching methods to tailor curriculum delivery to match specified student learning preferences. Method: This paper presents a comparative study examining the learning style preferences of first-year undergraduate occupational therapy (n = 116), physiotherapy (n = 60) and speech pathology students (n = 42) at one Australian university. Each student group completed the Kolb Learning Style Inventory (LSI) and the VARK Questionnaire during the first semester of year one of their courses. Results: Minimal significant differences were identified between the learning style preferences of the occupational therapy, physiotherapy, and speech pathology students using one-way ANOVA and t-tests. All three student groups reported a greater preference for kinesthetic learning, supporting case study and practical experience components of allied health education. As well, all four of Kolb’s information processing styles were represented within each student group. Conclusion: The study findings support prior research, suggesting that a range of teaching methods are required to accommodate the variability of student learning styles enrolled in health science courses as well as to strengthen student learning modes in preparation for the complex demands of professional practice.

Determinants of Strategic Partnerships in R&D - A Regional Comparison among the German Federal States

This paper investigates R&D partnerships among companies in the German manufacturing industry. Companies work together in R&D partnerships and put forward joint research efforts, but do not give up their economic independence. The question is why companies engage in R&D partnerships and under what circumstances these partnerships are more or less successful. We analyze these questions empirically and put special emphasis on possible contributions of R&D partnerships to diminish regional disadvantages of Eastern German companies. The data were collected in 2001 and cover 886 companies in the manufacturing and industry-related service sectors. Firstly, it can be shown that there are no significant differences in the probability of the participations of Eastern and Western German companies. Secondly, we find that companies participate in R&D partnerships not to substitute for their own R&D activities but to pool resources. Companies that are involved in R&D partnerships are more innovative than others and the R&D partnerships help the the companies to stay competitive, i.e. to produce a more modern range of products and services. Thirdly, we find a particularly important role of universities in R&D partnerships of East Germany companies, which is partly due to governmental subsidies which were obviously efficient in the sense that they increased these particular types of public-private-partnerships. However, it remains to be seen whether they survive without governmental subsidies.

Knowledge Organizations and Local Economic Development: The Cases of Oxford and Grenoble

LAWTON SMITH H. (2003) Knowledge organizations and local economic development: the cases of Oxford and Grenoble, Reg. Studies 37, 899–909. In Europe, European Union and individual countries' knowledge institutions are expected to stimulate regional or local economic development.This paper explores the increasingly important role of universities and national laboratories (knowledge institutions) as territorial actors. It reports on a recently completed study in which surveys were conducted with academics in scientific departments and technology transfer units in Oxford and Grenoble's universities and national laboratories. It focuses on some of the rules of the game which national innovation systems construct to institutionalize and normalize this role. It compares similar and different outcomes of common priorities.LAWTON SMITH H.(2003) Des organisations basées sur la connaissance et le développement économique local: études de cas d'Oxford et de Grenoble, Reg. Studies 37, 899–909. En Europe, les organisations basées sur la connaissance de l'Union européenne et des pays individuels sont censées inciter au développementéconomique régional ou local. Cet article cherche àexaminer le rôle de plus en plus important des universités et des bureaux d'études nationaux (organisations basées sur la connaissance) en tant qu'acteurs territoriaux. On fait un compte-rendu d'une étude récente dans laquelle on a mené des enquêtes auprès des universitaires dans des départements scientifiques et des groupes recherchant le transfert de technolgie dans les universités d'Oxford et de Grenoble et dans les bureaux d'études nationaux. Il porte sur quelques-unes des règles du jeu que contruisent les systèmes d'innovation nationaux afin d'institutionnaliser et de normaliser ce rôle. On compare des résultats semblables et dissemblables des priorités communes.LAWTON SMITH H. (2003) Wissenschaftliche Organisationen und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ihres Umfeldes: die Fälle Oxford und Grenoble, Reg. Studies 37, 899–909. In Europa erwartet man von wissenschaftlichen Instituten der europäischen Union und einzelner Länder, daß sie als Anreiz auf regionale und örtliche Industrie wirken. Dieser Aufsatz untersucht die an Bedeutung zunehmende Rolle von Universitätenen und staatlichen Forschungsinstituten(wissenschaftliche Institute) als Zugpferde ihres Gebietes. Er berichtetüber eine kürzlich abgeschlossene Studie, in der Untersuchungen mit Akademikern in wissenschaftlichen Instituten und Einheiten für Technologieübertragung in den Universitäten und und staatlichen Forschungszentren von Oxford und Grenoble durchgeführt wurden. Dabei konzentriert er sich besonders auf bestimmte Spielregeln, welche staatliche Informaztionssysteme zwecks Institutionalisierung und Normalisierung dieser Rolle entwickeln. Der Aufsatz vergleicht ähnliche und verschiedenartige Ergebnisse gemeinsamer Prioritäten.

Higher Education, Science and Engineering in Late 20th Century Latin America: Needs and Opportunities for Co-operation

At the present time, the crucial elements for the production of wealth are no longer the natural resources of the soil and subsoil, but grey matter and non-material investments which can be assigned to such functions as R&D, training, organisation, propaganda and so on. The diffusion of new technologies in the productive system and service sector changes the skills required in directions which are still a matter of controversy. Yet, whatever the outcome of the debate, it seems certain that the skills gap issue will occupy a prominent place on the agenda of many different countries, including those of Latin America. Rapid technological change demands a better qualified workforce and more specialised and efficient research in universities. The application of the technology thus developed requires a greater effort to transfer and commercialise it effectively. The globalisation of the economy creates the need for better knowledge of the cultures, markets and languages of competing nations, which means a new role for the arts and humanities, international studies and language courses. Greater competition means that firms must have better access to modem knowledge and management techniques and that individuals need to acquire the capacity to learn new skills rapidly and to adapt to career changes. In Europe and other industrial countries, higher education is expanding and diversifying. It is not subject to a single format or educational aim. In absorbing new audiences, higher education is assuming new functions and becoming internally differentiated. The number of adults interested in broadening their basic education or acquiring qualifications for a more demanding professional market is growing. Continuing education is expanding and research is assuming a more important role in universities, with major repercussions for the other functions of these institutions. The 'tertiarisation' of the economy is being reinforced by the movement towards products and industries based on knowledge. To some extent this growth reflects the internal complexity of the productive sector, which now demands a greater level of infrastructural support than in the past (Leiss, 1985). Technology-related activities have acquired an increasingly international character. Technology is now a global phenomenon because of the specifically international commerce of foreign investments, mergers and takeovers, sub-contracting, licensing, joint-ventures, R&D co-operation and inter-firm agreements.

ロボット工学教育実験システムの開発

In proportion to the generalization of robots, tutorial on robotics plays an important role in university. This paper presents a basic system of instruction for robotics and manipulator. The system is intended to be applied to a students' lab. The authors have selected a compact three-joint manipulator for a tutorial program. The manipulator is designed to be an entry machine for robotics research, which enables easy handling and real-time calculation of kinematics.The tutorial program has three levels. Level 1 is a tutorial on basic servo system. In this course, the student is instructed in the step and frequency response characteristics. Study on nonlinearity is included in the course. Level 2 introduces the student to dynamic control. The emphasis of this course is on the effect of compensation for gravitational and inertial forces. Level 3 introduces the student to an application of the manipulator to a workspace. In this course, the student is instructed in PTP operation and trajectory planning.Performance of the system is evaluated by junior year students in University of Tsukuba. Through the experiments, the thought process of the students is investigated by protocol analysis.