Important Role In Child Development Research Articles

Contribution Of Parental And Teachers' Guidance Towards Independent Behavior Of Elementary School Children

The contribution of parental and teacher guidance to the independent behavior of elementary school children needs to be considered carefully. Although this guidance plays an important role in child development, overprotective attitudes, lack of consistency, and the influence of the social and technological environment can hinder children's independence. This study uses the library research method. The data collection technique in this study was carried out through documentation review or document review. To ensure the validity of the data in this study, the source triangulation technique was used. The results of the study showed that 1). The Role of Parents in Shaping the Independence of Elementary School Children is to play an important role in shaping children's independence, with democratic parenting patterns proven to be more effective in encouraging independence than authoritarian or permissive parenting patterns. 2). The Role of Teachers in Developing the Independence of Elementary School Children is to develop student independence through a teaching approach that encourages responsibility and active participation. By giving individual and group assignments, and involving students in projects and class discussions, teachers help students learn independently. 3). Collaboration of Parents and Teachers in Developing Independence of Elementary School Children is that parents and teachers play an important role in supporting the development of independence of elementary school children. Open communication and good cooperation between the two parties ensure that children receive consistent guidance, both at home and at school.

A review of Australian early childhood teacher education. Is physical development missing?

ABSTRACT Early childhood education (ECE) settings play an important role in child development, including children’s physical development. However, ECE educators have low competence and confidence in facilitating learning experiences that promote physical development. Content delivered in teacher education may influence educator’s knowledge, competence, and confidence in this area. No studies have comprehensively explored early childhood teacher education in Australia to determine if such content is included. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the subject offerings of early childhood degrees from Australian universities and to narratively analyze the content of subject descriptions and subject overviews related to physical development. A desktop audit of Australian university undergraduate early childhood degrees was conducted. Subjects for early childhood degrees were categorized based on their title. Subject overviews and general outlines for subjects which broadly focused on physical development were inductively analyzed. Australian early childhood teacher education degrees offer a variety of subjects, including subjects that focused on play, health and wellbeing, and physical education. No subjects specifically focused on child physical development. We suggest early childhood teacher education degrees need to reconsider their subject offerings and include at least one subject that focus on physical development. Physical development is critically important as it underpins children’s social, emotional, language, and cognitive development. This study highlights a potential content area that could be included in early childhood teacher education degrees within the Australian context and internationally.

Model Komunikasi Orang Tua untuk Kecerdasan Emosional dan Spiritual Anak dalam Membangun Generasi Emas di Medan

Abstract The Golden Generation is a generation that has high intelligence, character and competitiveness. One important factor in forming the Golden Generation is to provide children with emotional and spiritual intelligence. This emotional and spiritual intelligence will help children develop themselves as a whole and be able to face various challenges in life. Parental communication has an important role in child development, including the development of emotional and spiritual intelligence. An effective parental communication model can help children in several ways, including: 1. Developing self-confidence 2. Learning to manage emotions 3. Building positive relationships with other people 4. Developing moral and spiritual values. This research uses qualitative method with a case study approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with parents and children in Medan. The research results show that there are several models of parental communication that are effective in building children's emotional and spiritual intelligence in Medan. Some of these models include: 1. Open and honest communication 2. Communication that is full of love and attention 3. Communication that provides support and encouragement 4. Communication that is based on moral and spiritual values ​​Effective parental communication models have a role important in forming the emotional and spiritual intelligence of children in Medan. By giving children emotional and spiritual intelligence, we can help them develop themselves holistically and be able to face various challenges in life. This will ultimately contribute to the formation of a Golden Generation in Medan.

Father Involvement of Circular Migrant Worker: The Role of Paternal Self-Efficacy and Mother Social Support

Fathering plays a very important role in child development. Circular migrant worker fathers who live in different regions from their families will have many difficulties to carry out the parenting role. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of paternal self-efficacy and mother support on father involvement in circular migrant workers. This study used a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design. The sampling technique used was snowball sampling and data collection was done online using Google Form with a total respondent of 41 circular migrant worker fathers. The data was processed using Microsoft Office Excel and analyzed using SPSS. The results showed that the father's age was significant positively correlated with paternal self-efficacy, while paternal self-efficacy, mother support, and father involvement have a significant positive relationship with each other. The education level of father has significant negative relationship with paternal self-efficacy and mother support. The result of regression test showed that education level of father has a significant negative influence on father involvement. Furthermore, paternal self-efficacy and mother support has a significant positive influence on father involvement of circular migrant worker. The findings in this study emphasize the need to take sides with the protection of parent-child relationships in families that are structurally separate, such as families of circular migrant workers.

A Case Study of Culturing Children's Independence Attitude Through Parent’s Role and Teacher’s Role

In the family environment, parents play an important role in children development. Meanwhile at schools, teachers’ role is also vital in strengthening children’s character. The problem that should be addressed is that parents should cooperate with teachers in instilling good values, such as independence, in children. Independence prevents children from being dependent on others and the most important thing is cultivating children’s courage and motivation to continue exploring new knowledge. Independence encourages children to learn about behavioral choices and risks that must be accounted for. The purpose of this study was to describe the guidance of parents and teachers in instilling children's independence. This research was conducted using the qualitative method with a descriptive research approach. The research location was in At-Tibyan Kindergarten. The data were collected using observations, documentation, and interviews with the principal, teachers, parents, and children in group B. The results of the study found that parental guidance in instilling children's independence was done by providing children with good examples, giving choices to children, guiding children in solving problems, giving sincere praises to children, providing support to children, and developing good communication with them. Meanwhile, the teacher's guidance was conducted through habituation and by establishing harmonious relationships with children, providing a good understanding to children, providing clear information to children, giving advice to children, and assisting them in problem-solving. This research can be used as input in instilling children's independence through guidance at home and school.

Frequency, Form and Function of Dyadic Questions in Children with Autism: A CHILDES corpus study.

Children's questions to their caregivers - and caregivers' questions to their children - play an important role in child development. For children on the autism spectrum, who often experience cognitive, linguistic and social difficulties, prior research on questions has resulted in inconsistent and incomplete findings. The present study characterized the frequency, form, and function of queries posed by children on the autism spectrum (n = 12), non-spectrum peers (n =20), and parents using the Nadig ASD English Corpus in the Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES). Results suggested that children on the autism spectrum and their caregivers produced fewer questions than non-spectrum dyads; however, whereas wh- questions were under-represented in the repertoire of children on the spectrum, they were over-represented in the repertoire of their parents. Finally, question function was similarly diverse for parents and children across groups. These findings offer important clinical implications for question-asking interventions targeting this population.

Emocionalne kompetencije vaspitača u predškolskim ustanovama

Preschool teachers have an important role in child development, considering that, in addition to parents, they are very influential persons who are in continuous contact with children, represent an authority and model children's behavior. Knowledge, skills, and abilities, but also character traits of the teacher (competence), are therefore very important, which is why this paper focuses on the competence of teachers in preschool facilities, with a special accent on their emotional competence, which, as the most important aspect, include recognizing emotions and impulse control in yourself and others. The goal of this research is to determine the development level of teachers' emotional competence. The research encompasses 108 teachers, and the questioning was done using an assessment scale which, using grades 1 to 5, assesses the level of agreement with claims devised based on the theory concept by Suzic (2004). The results of the research have shown that the younger teachers (by age and job experience) have scored higher on the instrument compared to older teachers, on almost all subscales (except recognizing your own and others' emotions as well as confidence). This data show that younger teachers assess their own emotional competencies as better developed compared to older teachers. Based on this data, certain recommendations were derived for further research and pedagogic practice.

The Impact Of Lockdown On Early Childhood Emotional Development

This study aims to improve the social and emotional development of early childhoodduring the pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic has an effect on AUD playing activities.Children must stay at home so that they do not play socializing with their friends, so theapplication is carried out, namely collaboration between parents and teachers throughpositive habituation. This study used a descriptive qualitative research design with a casestudy approach. In this study, the writer wanted to explore learning problems through several journal sources, especially in the social emotional development carried out at home. From the results of the analysis, the researcher could get the results of the collaboration between parents and increase children's emotional social, namely parents or educators who have an important role in educating for children's growth and development. The implication of the application of daily habituation and teacher collaboration includes taking the processof child development through daily habituation and always paying attention to learning, making children enthusiastic, because parents have an important role in child development. Parents and teachers in conveying learning and taking good care by giving freedom to children can develop children's ideas or imaginations. The emotional development of children can be seen from their daily activities that are independent, responsible, and comfortable with their parents

A study to assess knowledge about child development in caregivers attending the child psychiatry outpatient department

Background: The initial years of child nurturing plays an important role in child development and lifelong learning. Parents’ knowledge is considered to be the frame of reference for parents’ interpretations of their child’s behaviour and provides the basis for having the appropriate expectation of the child’s developmental stage. When developmental delays are identified at the appropriate time, it increases the scope to initiate early intervention. Early intervention in children with developmental delay, can not only improve the overall disease outcome but also it provides support to family members. Aim: To assess the caregivers’ knowledge about child development and to study the association between caregivers’ knowledge and sociodemographic parameters. Materials and Methods: 110 Caregivers of children presenting to the child psychiatry OPD were screened for assessment criteria. A semi-structured intake proforma was administered to collect the sociodemographic details. Caregiver knowledge of child developmental inventory was applied on caregivers to garner the responses. Results: 84% of caregivers were mothers. On an average, caregivers were able to answer only 36% of the questions correctly. Maternal age (p=0.048) and maternal education (p=0.009) were identified to be significant predictors of higher CKCDI scores. Conclusion: Caregiver’s knowledge regarding the child development is low. Younger mothers mother and higher maternal education are associated with higher knowledge about the development of their children. Keywords: Child development, Caregiver’s knowledge.

Indication of Moral Erosion in Children’s Fiction

Children literature has an important role in children development. Based on the research, there is a different between intellectual and character from child who is a bookworm and who is not. Reading fiction is a favorite of children. Children tend to identify themselves into a character in a fiction, therefore proper rules needs to be put into consideration. This paper aims at underlining problems in children fiction which are potentially eroding children’s morality. Analysis is done by studying the value and structure in children’s literature. It needs to be reconstructed, so reading habit of children will not drop them down to moral erosion.

Parental Behavior Comparisons Between Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Parents of Children Without Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis

Parental behavior plays an important role in child development. Given inconsistent findings in the literature related to parental behaviors or parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and those without, the purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to examine whether parenting behavior differences existed between parents of children with and without ASD. In addition, this meta-analysis examined the moderation effect of child development (e.g., global and language development) and parental communication style (verbal only and verbal/non-verbal interactions combined) on the parental behavior differences between parents of children with and without ASD. A systematic database and manual search identified 16 observational studies, which met predetermined inclusion criteria. Observable parental behaviors were categorized into four globally identifiable parental dimensions (parental warmth/support, parental behavioral control, parental negativity and neutral parental behavior) to capture the fundamental parental behaviors. There were no significant parental supportive/warmth and neutral behavior differences between the two groups. However, parents of children with ASD showed more controlling and negative behaviors compared to parents of children without ASD. The parental communication style was a significant moderator in the parental supportive/warmth dimension. Additionally, a child’s developmental ability was a significant moderator in the parental control dimension. These parental behavior differences between parents of children with and without ASD should be considered when creating and developing family-related interventions for children with ASD.

Examining Turkish Adults’ Recalled Experiences of Their Father’s Presence

The father plays an important role in child development, including during adolescence, in many cultures. To date, research on the impact of father presence (in a household/family) on father–child relationships has been limited, especially in Eastern cultures due to the overwhelming influence of traditional gender role attitudes. The purposes of this study are to record and compare descriptions (i.e., profiles) of the father’s presence, and to investigate Turkish adults’ reported experiences of their father’s presence during their childhood. A sample of 401 participants completed a Turkish version of the Father’s Presence Questionnaire. The resulting profiles and analyses of reports of the father’s presence show that perceptions of the fathers’ involvements with the participants and the participants’ feelings about their fathers are strongly correlated with their reported father–mother relationships as well as the mother’s support for the relationship with the father. The profiles of the male and female adult participants were quite distinct regarding recollections of physical closeness with the father because of the less frequent physical interactions between males and their fathers compared with females.

Basma: An Interactive IoT-Based Plush Toy for Arabic-Speaking Children

A toy is an item mainly intended for children to play with. However, due to its important role in child development, it has evolved to encompass sophisticated educational and learning characteristics. Toy industry has evolved to provide these needs as digital interactive smart toys. Interactive toys combine traditional toys with additional computing capabilities using software and hardware components. This paper presents the design and development of an interactive toy system named “Basma” which interacts with a child in Arabic language. The system consists of two parts: The first one is a plush toy with a hardware component that is implemented using a low cost Internet of Things (IoT) kit. This part leverages the interaction between the child and the toy, allowing the toy to respond and talk. The second part is an iPad application connected to the toy via Bluetooth. It allows parents to customize the toy and provides the child with stories that embed moral and cultural values. The interactive toy system was evaluated using test scenarios and user acceptance.

Relationship with peers of young school-aged children with type 1 diabetes

Background: Functioning in a peer group plays an important role in child development. Building self-esteem of children depends on many factors such as physical health, self-evaluation of their physical performance, academic achievement, social support, family relationships, as well as relationships with peers and teachers. Importance of contacts with peers increases during school-age. At this time children are not able to reject the opinion of other people and subject their behaviour completely to the expectations of their peers. When the need for emotional contact is not satisfied, the complex of being different appears. Isolation within group causes a sense of inferiority, the child becomes passive and resigned. Children, who are chronically ill, rejected or isolated often follow negative emotions in their actions, they become aggressive towards other children or do not want to continue learning. Often the decision about an individual teaching plan results in further isolation of the child. The child’s position in the peer group affects the developing personality, self-confidence and self-esteem. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to determine the interpersonal relationships of young school-aged children with type 1 diabetes in their peer groups. Material and methods: The study was conducted on children with type 1 diabetes and their parents, who are supervised by Clinic of Diabetes, Regional Medical Center in Opole. The research tool used in both groups was a questionnaire consisting of open and closed questions elaborated by the authors of this study. Results: 73% (41) of evaluated children declared that diabetes does not hinder their performance at school. 93% (55) children claimed that they do not hide their condition from their peers. In addition, 61% (34) talk about their illness with their peers and 69% (38) of them can count on their peers’ help in self-control of diabetes. 71.9% (46) of parents of children with type 1 diabetes allow their children to participate in school trips and 68.8% (44) to participate in school competitions. Conclusions: In most children, diabetes does not affect children’s performance at school. They participate in classes, are accepted and liked in their peer group. Chronically ill children should be able to participate in all types of activities as much as their healthy peers. It seems necessary to continue studies on performance of young school-aged children with type 1 diabetes in their peer group.

Oštećenje vida kod osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću

Vision is one of the most important sensory modalities for receiving information about the world and has an important role in child development. Visual impairment is a significant obstacle for optimal everyday functioning of a person and for achieving a satisfactory level of quality of life as well. Unrecognized visual difficulties can negatively affect the development, social behavior, and learning of children with intellectual disability (ID), which means that early visual assessment in children from this population, is of a great significance. The results of different studies suggest that most children and adults with ID have vision problems and that those problems are of a greater degree than in general population. Some authors believe that people with ID should be observed as persons with visual impairment, until proven otherwise. When it comes to assessing visual functions in people with ID, the assessment of distant visual acuity is the most common. However, it is also very important to conduct a detailed assessment which (among else) includes observing visual behavior over time. In cases when it is not possible to apply the same tests as in the general population, adapted tests which include specific needs of person with ID are used. The knowledge about the impact of multiple disabilities on visual functions, functional vision and characteristics of visual functioning ensures timely reaction of professionals and prevention of secondary developmental difficulties.

IMAGEN CORPORAL Y AUTOESTIMA EN NIÑOS SEGÚN SU ESTADO NUTRICIONAL Y FRECUENCIA DE ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA

Physical activity plays an important role in child development. The purpose of this study was to compare body image, self-es - teem, cardio-metabolic risk a...

Multivariate Behavioral Genetic Analysis of Parenting in Early Childhood

SYNOPSISObjective. Caregivers play an important role in child development; in addition to instilling their norms and values in their children through socialization, caregivers modify their parenting practices in response to children’s characteristics. Previous studies have documented child genetic effects on parenting behaviors, but multivariate behavioral genetic examinations of parenting are scarce. Design. The current study examined the multivariate structure of child genetic and environmental influences on parenting in a sample of 236 individual twins aged 0–5 years, providing a total of 542 observations. Results. “Shared environments” (between-family environmental differences that are shared by twins reared in the same home, including parental characteristics, family socioeconomic status, and neighborhood characteristics) account for the majority of variation in parenting practices, whereas child genetic effects are more modest and occur more on specific parenting practices. Conclusion. Caregivers generally engage in similar parenting across children reared together and, at the same time, adjust their broad parenting approach and particularly their specific practices in response to genetically driven child characteristics. Future research may benefit from using a multidimensional framework to examine the different components and age-related transformations in these parent-driven and child-driven processes.

Cognitive emotion regulation in children: Reappraisal of emotional faces modulates neural source activity in a frontoparietal network

Emotion regulation has an important role in child development and psychopathology. Reappraisal as cognitive regulation technique can be used effectively by children. Moreover, an ERP component known to reflect emotional processing called late positive potential (LPP) can be modulated by children using reappraisal and this modulation is also related to children's emotional adjustment. The present study seeks to elucidate the neural generators of such LPP effects. To this end, children aged 8-14 years reappraised emotional faces, while neural activity in an LPP time window was estimated using magnetoencephalography-based source localization. Additionally, neural activity was correlated with two indexes of emotional adjustment and age. Reappraisal reduced activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during down-regulation and enhanced activity in the right parietal cortex during up-regulation. Activity in the visual cortex decreased with increasing age, more adaptive emotion regulation and less anxiety. Results demonstrate that reappraisal changed activity within a frontoparietal network in children. Decreasing activity in the visual cortex with increasing age is suggested to reflect neural maturation. A similar decrease with adaptive emotion regulation and less anxiety implies that better emotional adjustment may be associated with an advance in neural maturation.

Viewpoints of Iranian Traditional Medicine about Child Nutrition

Introduction: Optimal child development necessitates proper nutrition in childhood. Despite of improvements in child nutrition, there are still lots of challenges in proper child nutrition which shows the necessity of using the Past experiences more than ever. Despite of particular interest of Iranians to cardinal humors (temperaments), unfortunately, families and medical staffs are not appropriately familiar with these important issues. Whereas Traditional Medicine tries to protect & promote health through humors and temperaments that, unfortunately, these days this issue is not considered as noteworthy matter, this study tries to bring up new dimensions of child nutrition through different attitude. Materials and Methods: Research methodology of this study is library research which surveys principles of child nutrition on some Iranian Traditional Medicine scientists ` works. Results: According to Iranian Traditional Medicine findings, there are particular rules in child nutrition. Some important rules are: 1-Food with special properties, play important role in child development like mutton, beans. 2-Food combination also can help child development and decrease the side effects of some foods like combination of thyme and yogurt. 3-There are simple and practical instructions in Iranian Traditional Medicine for preventing and treating some disease like common cold and viral gastroenteritis. So, use of these instructions can decrease the use of medications in children. Effectiveness of some instructions has also been approved in modern medicine. 4- Incompatible food combination is one of the important issues in child nutrition that paying attention to it can promote children health. Conclusion: Since the physical health and mental health of children necessitate proper nutrition; families` knowledge (specially mothers) about children`s food requirements can help children to have appropriate food program. It is hoped that with further research in this field & using the scientists` experiences of Iranian Traditional medicine, we will be able to play an important role in children health who are the future of our society. Keywords: Nutrition, Children, Development, Iranian Traditional Medicine

The Influence of Prenatal, Home and Environmental factors on Learning Outcomes of Pre-Primary School Children

The positive influence of early childhood education on school readiness and the rise in maternal employment have made pre-primary education a norm in many nations, Nigeria inclusive. Most children of 2 to 5 years, especially of working mothers, attend a regulated early education service in Nigeria (Abolarin, 2014). Pre-school services play an important role in child development by giving children an opportunity to engage in a range of educational and social activities. Moreover, pre-school education could have positive influences in children's affective, conceptual and social development in subsequent years (Gormley, Gaver, Phillips & Dawson, 2005). Inspite of these positive influences, various emotional, adjustment and academic problems are noticed in pre-school pupils (Tombowa, 2013). To realize the benefits of pre-school education, this paper discusses the influence of prenatal, home and environmental factors on learning outcomes of pre-school children. Major recommendations made include the need for government to strengthen intensive care services of expectant mothers and the quality control structures of pre-school education to maintain very high standards.